CN106681284A - Coal-fired boiler heat-absorbing surface slagging contamination degree on-line real-time monitoring method - Google Patents
Coal-fired boiler heat-absorbing surface slagging contamination degree on-line real-time monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106681284A CN106681284A CN201611013901.XA CN201611013901A CN106681284A CN 106681284 A CN106681284 A CN 106681284A CN 201611013901 A CN201611013901 A CN 201611013901A CN 106681284 A CN106681284 A CN 106681284A
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- heating surface
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
- G05B19/4183—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by data acquisition, e.g. workpiece identification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
- G01K17/06—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
- G01K17/08—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
- G01K17/10—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature between an inlet and an outlet point, combined with measurement of rate of flow of the medium if such, by integration during a certain time-interval
- G01K17/12—Indicating product of flow and temperature difference directly or temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25232—DCS, distributed control system, decentralised control unit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2649—Burner
Abstract
The present invention provides a coal-fired boiler heat-absorbing surface slagging contamination degree on-line real-time monitoring method. The method includes the following steps that: the boiler-side and steam turbine-side operation data of a coal-fired unit are acquired, the data are sorted into a standard database; based on the flue gas-side parameters and vaporized water-side parameters in a boiler, the vaporized water heat absorption capacity, flue gas heat release and heat loss items of each heat-absorbing surface of the boiler are calculated; the vaporized water absorption proportions and the flue gas heat release proportions of the heat-absorbing surfaces are calculated; and the change of the vaporized water absorption proportions and the flue gas heat release proportions of the heat-absorbing surfaces are monitored in real time, if the vaporized water absorption proportion or the flue gas heat release proportion of a certain heat-absorbing surface is decreased, and it is judged slagging contamination occurs on the heat-absorbing surface. With the coal-fired boiler heat-absorbing surface slagging contamination degree on-line real-time monitoring method provided by the invention, monitoring is began after the boiler is started and the coal-fired unit is repaired in small scale or large scale, and an operator can take appropriate measures in advance according to the change of monitoring parameters, and therefore, the slagging probability of the boiler and the contamination degree of the heating-absorbing surfaces can be decreased, and the operation safety and economical efficiency of the boiler can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coal-burning boiler that thermal power plant is equipped with, is more particularly, to heated in boiler combustion situation, stove
Face slagging scorification, the determination methods for staiing degree, belong to heat power plant boiler field of combustion technology.
Background technology
The current thermoelectricity of China occupies 70% or so of all generating scales, according to new pre- of power industry Long-and Medium-term Development
Survey, to the year two thousand twenty, China's installation total capacity is up to 13.4 hundred million kilowatts, and wherein coal Denso machine total capacity is 9.1 hundred million kilowatts.With
It it is 5.3 hundred million kilowatts to the newly-increased capacity of the year two thousand twenty coal Denso machine on the basis of 3.8 hundred million kilowatts of coal electricity installation amounts in 2005.Expect
The year two thousand fifty, China's fired power generating unit generation mode is still in the 55%~60% of all generated energy.
But at present due to the impact of mine self-condition, coal market and price of surfing the Net, most of thermal power plants are difficult to hold
Afterflame design coal, uses the cheap coal of relative price, or even Coal rank coal blending burning, to mix burning be current coal-burning power plant
Actually coal situation.This is easy for causing the Combustion System difficulty of boiler of power plant to increase, and slagging scorification easily occurs in boiler, internal
Heating surface stains degree to be increased, and has a strong impact on safe operation of the boiler, even results in compressor emergency shutdown.
By taking the quasi- east coal in Xinjiang region as an example, quasi- east area coal resources prognostic reserves account for 1/3rd of full boundary, and planning is opened
Scale is adopted for annual 5.82 hundred million tons, is that the battle position and boundary electricity east of superior resources conversion is sent, transfers natural gas from the west to the east, boundary coal transmission is main
Energy Base.According to planning, " 12 " Mo Quan boundarys power plant's capacity will bring up to 100,000,000 kilowatts from present 18,000,000 kilowatts,
Coal demand is very big.But because quasi- east area coal has the characteristics such as serious contamination, slagging scorification, high-moisture, for a long time only
Can be used as the coal blending of mixing of conventional power plants boiler, the big advantage of accurate eastern outdoor coal mining safety, low cost, yield just can not played
Come, seriously limit the development of quasi- east area Coal Industrial, the development of Xinjiang power is also constrained to a certain extent.
It is current in China's coal unit, have it is more for early warning coal-burning boiler ash erosion, heating surface stain it is special
Door method, but many methods lack real-time, can only be or even the shadows after boiler scaling, heating surface stain to a certain extent
Specific problem is just found when ringing safe operation of the boiler, due to without advanced method of real-time, causing China's coal unit
The safety in operation of boiler is affected by serious.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is how to stain degree to heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification to carry out online in real time
Monitoring.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that a kind of heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification of offer is stain
The on-line real time monitoring method of degree, it is characterised in that the method is made up of following steps：
Step 1：Real-time Collection coal unit boiler side, steamer pusher side service data, by these data compilations into criterion numeral
According to storehouse；
Step 2：Inner flue gas of the stove side and soda pop side parameter are set about simultaneously, the soda pop heat absorption of each heating surface of boiler is calculated
Amount, flue gas thermal discharge, heat loss item；
Step 3：Calculate soda pop heat absorption ratio, the flue gas heat release ratio of each heating surface；
Step 4：Each heating surface soda pop heat absorption ratio, monitoring of flue gas heat release ratio change is carried out in real time, if there is certain
Heating surface soda pop heat absorption ratio declines or flue gas heat release ratio declines, then it is assumed that the heating surface has slagging scorification to stain phenomenon generation.
Preferably, in the step 1, using coal unit DCS system data or SIS system datas, Real-time Collection combustion
Coal unit boiler side, steamer pusher side service data.
Preferably, in the step 3, the soda pop caloric receptivity of single heating surface is absorbed heat divided by total soda pop of all heating surfaces
Amount, draws the soda pop heat absorption ratio of each heating surface.
Preferably, in the step 3, the flue gas thermal discharge of each heating surface, heat loss item are all added up and work
For denominator, the flue gas thermal discharge of each heating surface is respectively divided by into this denominator, just obtains the flue gas heat release ratio of each heating surface
Example.
Preferably, in the step 4, step 3 acquired results are returned in real time SIS systems, are docked in real time with DCS system,
Realize staiing Boiler Heating Surfaces the on-line real time monitoring of degree.
The method that the present invention is provided is inhaled using DCS the or SIS system datas of coal unit to heating surface at different levels in Boiler Furnace
Heat, fume side thermal discharge and loss item are calculated in real time and counted, and put back to SIS systems or DCS pictures, reach monitoring
Purpose.Furnace rear can be opened from the big light maintenance of coal unit to start to perform, the monitoring of heating surface heat absorption ratio change is carried out in real time.Operation
Personnel can reach reduction boiler scaling general according to the change of heating surface heat absorption ratio, so as to take appropriate measures in advance
Rate reduces the purpose that heating surface stains degree so that the safety in operation of boiler, economy are improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 stains the entirety of the on-line real time monitoring method of degree for the heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification that the present embodiment is provided
Frame diagram；
Fig. 2 is the main steam side soda pop heating surface heat absorption ratio flow chart by taking Once-through Boiler as an example；
Fig. 3 is the reheated steam side soda pop heating surface heat absorption ratio flow chart by taking Once-through Boiler as an example；
Fig. 4 is the fume side heating surface heat release ratio flow chart at different levels by taking Once-through Boiler as an example.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after the content for having read instruction of the present invention, people in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent form of values equally fall within the application appended claims and limited
Scope.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention relates to the caloric receptivity allocation proportion of each heating surface of coal unit boiler is calculated and united
Meter.By boiler heating surface from the beginning of water-flow circuit, it is divided into：Economizer, water-cooling wall, Bao Qiang (four sides coats) superheater, low temperature
Superheater, division pendant superheater, Late reworking, finishing superheater；And high pressure cylinder steam discharge to low-temperature reheater, wall (in
Temperature) reheater, final reheater.Set about from soda pop parameter using coal unit DCS data or SIS data, it is known that pressure, temperature
Degree, it is known that the enthalpy under the state point of soda pop parameter, so as to calculate the caloric receptivity of above-mentioned each heating surface, finally will
The caloric receptivity of single heating surface has just drawn the heat absorption ratio of above-mentioned each heating surface divided by total caloric receptivity of above-mentioned all heating surfaces
Example.
From the beginning of (heating surface cleannes highest) opens stove after the big light maintenance of coal unit, real-time (1 minute or No. 1 meter of a few minutes
Calculate, count) carry out the monitoring that heating surface heat absorption ratio changes.After operation distance, if there is certain grade of heating surface heat absorption ratio
Example declines, such as panel superheater caloric receptivity is decreased obviously, just it is believed that there is slagging scorification phenomenon to produce on panel superheater.Daily a large amount of statistics
Work, realizes the monitoring to combustion case in stove, and operations staff can in advance take phase according to the change of heating surface heat absorption ratio
Other operation measures answered, rather than just discovered after being worse off, reduce Boiler Heating Surfaces probability or stain degree.
In addition, also simultaneously fume side is calculated in real time and is counted in thermal discharge, the loss amount of heating surfaces at different levels,
It is combined together with the caloric receptivity of soda pop side, ultimately forms heat absorption ratio, the flue gas heat release ratio value of each heating surface stove Nei.
By taking Once-through Boiler as an example, its soda pop side calculates as follows by reference explanation of Fig. 2, Fig. 3：
From the beginning of boiler feedwater, economizer import and export pressure, temperature (these parameters can be obtained in SIS system acquisitions,
It is also below to be not repeated) obtain importing and exporting enthalpy difference, it is multiplied by the caloric receptivity that feedwater flow just obtains economizer；Followed by water
Cold wall inlet and outlet pressure, temperature (water-cooling wall inlet pressure temperature is exactly economizer exit pressure and temp) obtain importing and exporting enthalpy difference,
It is multiplied by the caloric receptivity that feedwater flow just obtains water-cooling wall；Imported and exported followed by enclosure wall superheater inlet and outlet pressure, temperature
Enthalpy difference, is multiplied by the caloric receptivity that feedwater flow just obtains enclosure wall superheater；Obtain followed by low temperature superheater inlet and outlet pressure, temperature
To enthalpy difference is imported and exported, the caloric receptivity that feedwater flow just obtains low temperature superheater is multiplied by；Followed by division pendant superheater, here
Note the flow rate calculation of one-level desuperheating water, the heat Balance Calculation after low temperature superheater outlet, one-level desuperheating water spray desuperheating draws
One-level attemperation water flow, division pendant superheater inlet and outlet pressure, temperature obtain importing and exporting enthalpy difference, are multiplied by feedwater flow plus upper level
Attemperation water flow, just obtains the caloric receptivity of division pendant superheater；Followed by Late reworking, with above first order calculation desuperheating water
Flow in the same manner, calculates two grades of attemperation water flows, obtains importing and exporting enthalpy difference from Late reworking inlet and outlet pressure, temperature, is multiplied by
Feedwater flow adds I and II attemperation water flow, just obtains the caloric receptivity of Late reworking；It is finally finishing superheater, from end
Level superheater inlet and outlet pressure, temperature obtain importing and exporting enthalpy difference, are multiplied by feedwater flow and obtain end plus I and II attemperation water flow
The caloric receptivity of level superheater.
Another part obtains enthalpy, reheater accident desuperheat hydraulic pressure from the beginning of high pressure cylinder steam discharge by the pressure of steam discharge, temperature
Power, temperature obtain enthalpy, and the steam pressure, temperature after desuperheat obtains enthalpy, have reheater accident desuperheating water by heat Balance Calculation
Flow.Low-temperature reheater inlet and outlet pressure, temperature obtain importing and exporting enthalpy difference, are multiplied by high pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow (cold reheated steam stream
Amount) reheater accident attemperation water flow is added, just obtain the caloric receptivity of low-temperature reheater；Followed by wall (middle temperature) reheating
Device, by low-temperature reheater outlet pressure, temperature enthalpy is obtained, and the micro spray desuperheating water pressure of reheater, temperature obtain enthalpy, with
And wall (middle temperature) reheater inlet pressure, temperature obtain enthalpy after desuperheat, the micro water spray of reheater is gone out by heat Balance Calculation and is subtracted
The flow of warm water.Wall (middle temperature) reheater inlet and outlet pressure, temperature obtain enthalpy difference, are multiplied by high pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow (cold reheating
Steam flow) plus the flow of reheater accident attemperation water flow and the micro spray desuperheating water of reheater, just obtained wall (in
Temperature) reheater caloric receptivity；Followed by final reheater, enthalpy difference is obtained by final reheater inlet and outlet pressure, temperature, be multiplied by
High pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow (cold reheated steam flow) is plus reheater accident attemperation water flow and the micro spray desuperheating water of reheater
Flow, be exactly the caloric receptivity of final reheater.
After above-mentioned all heating surfaces caloric receptivity calculating is finished, all add up be exactly soda pop side heating surface total caloric receptivity,
By certain heating surface caloric receptivity divided by heating surface total caloric receptivity, be exactly the heat absorption ratio of the heating surface.
Soda pop side does not account for the loss of heat, so the heat release ratio that must be added to fume side is calculated, it is possible to
Go out loss ratio of heat transfer, fouling characteristics and flue gas heat of heating surfaces at different levels etc..Fume side thermal discharge ratio is with Fig. 4 as ginseng
Examine and be described as follows：
It is first depending on pertinent literature and equation tries to achieve as-fired coal elemental analysis value, then according to boiler heating power on conventional documents
The content of chapters and sections is calculated, according to result, the material parameter of flue gas enthalpy temperature table, burner hearth and each heating surface, heating surfaces at different levels is calculated
The flue gas enthalpy of (under different flue-gas temperatures).Refer here to the content of boiler thermodynamic calculation, especially Radiative heat transfer in furnace
The content that these calculating are comparative maturities on conventional documents is calculated, fixed module is formed after being arranged.For at different levels
Heating surface, by taking Late reworking as an example：Flue gas can be just drawn through thermodynamic computing, the relevant parameter for combining above soda pop side
Into and out of the ash fouling coefficient in cigarette enthalpy, the heat-transfer character of the heating surface and the flue gas thermal discharge of this grade of heating surface.One-level level heating surface
Calculate always to air preheater, after blowdown temperature acquisition is arrived, it is possible to calculate boiler exhaust gas heat, that is, heat loss
.The flue gas thermal discharge of heating surfaces at different levels, flue gas loss heat are all added up as denominator, then by heating surface cigarettes at different levels
Gas thermal discharge is respectively divided by this denominator, just obtains the fume side thermal discharge ratio of each heating surface.
After above-mentioned parameter, result of calculation are arranged, then SIS systems or DCS pictures are returned in real time, you can reach reality
When monitor Boiler Heating Surfaces stain degree purpose.
Claims (5)
1. the on-line real time monitoring method of degree is stain in a kind of heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification, it is characterised in that the method is by such as
Lower step composition：
Step 1：Real-time Collection coal unit boiler side, steamer pusher side service data, by these data compilations into standard database；
Step 2：Inner flue gas of the stove side and soda pop side parameter are set about simultaneously, calculate each heating surface of boiler soda pop caloric receptivity,
Flue gas thermal discharge, heat loss item；
Step 3：Calculate soda pop heat absorption ratio, the flue gas heat release ratio of each heating surface；
Step 4：Each heating surface soda pop heat absorption ratio, monitoring of flue gas heat release ratio change is carried out in real time, if occur certain being heated
Face soda pop heat absorption ratio declines or flue gas heat release ratio declines, then it is assumed that the heating surface has slagging scorification to stain phenomenon generation.
2. the on-line real time monitoring method of degree is stain in a kind of heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification as claimed in claim 1, and it is special
Levy and be：In the step 1, using coal unit DCS system data or SIS system datas, Real-time Collection coal unit pot
Furnace side, steamer pusher side service data.
3. the on-line real time monitoring method of degree is stain in a kind of heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification as claimed in claim 1, and it is special
Levy and be：In the step 3, the soda pop caloric receptivity of single heating surface is recepted the caloric divided by total soda pop of all heating surfaces, drawn
The soda pop heat absorption ratio of each heating surface.
4. the on-line real time monitoring method of degree is stain in a kind of heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification as claimed in claim 1, and it is special
Levy and be：It is that the flue gas thermal discharge of each heating surface, heat loss item are all added up and as denominator in the step 3, will
The flue gas thermal discharge of each heating surface is respectively divided by this denominator, just obtains the flue gas heat release ratio of each heating surface.
5. the on-line real time monitoring method of degree is stain in a kind of heating surface of coal-fired boiler slagging scorification as claimed in claim 2, and it is special
Levy and be：In the step 4, step 3 acquired results are returned in real time SIS systems, docked in real time with DCS system, realized to receiving
The on-line real time monitoring of degree is stain in hot face slagging scorification.
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| CN201611013901.XA CN106681284A (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2016-11-17 | Coal-fired boiler heat-absorbing surface slagging contamination degree on-line real-time monitoring method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107392417A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-11-24 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | Online evaluation method is stain in a kind of Boiler Mixed Burning slagging |
| CN113446594A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-28 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method capable of rapidly judging slag bonding and contamination conditions of boiler heating surface |
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Application publication date: 20170517 |