CN106678784A - Multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of feeding fuel in classified mode - Google Patents

Multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of feeding fuel in classified mode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106678784A
CN106678784A CN201710043161.2A CN201710043161A CN106678784A CN 106678784 A CN106678784 A CN 106678784A CN 201710043161 A CN201710043161 A CN 201710043161A CN 106678784 A CN106678784 A CN 106678784A
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China
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
fuel
fluidized bed
circulating fluidized
bed boiler
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Granted
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CN201710043161.2A
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CN106678784B (en
Inventor
康建斌
初雷哲
胡峰
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Rehua Energy Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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BEIJING NOWVA ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710043161.2A priority Critical patent/CN106678784B/en
Publication of CN106678784A publication Critical patent/CN106678784A/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/22Fuel feeders specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10Circulating fluidised bed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler capable of feeding fuel in a classified mode. The multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a main combustion chamber (4), an auxiliary combustion chamber (5), a burnout chamber (8), a primary air chamber (1), a first-class feeding device (2), a secondary air opening (3), a second-class feeding device (6) and a third-class air distribution outlet (7), wherein the main combustion chamber (4), the auxiliary combustion chamber (5) and the burnout chamber (8) are sequentially arranged in parallel. The first-class feeding device (2) is arranged on the lower portion of the main combustion chamber (4). The primary air chamber (1) is arranged at the bottom of the main combustion chamber (4). The secondary air opening (3) is formed in the lower portion of the main combustion chamber (4) and located above the first-class feeding device (2). The second-class feeding device (6) is arranged at the top of the auxiliary combustion chamber (5). The third-class air distribution outlet (7) is formed in the upper portion of the auxiliary combustion chamber (5). According to the multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler, the fuel of different grain diameters is added into different reaction positions of a multi-process circulating fluidized bed, the method is matched with third-class air distribution arrangement, and compared with the prior art, NOx emissions can be reduced obviously.

Description

It is a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of boilers, is classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel more particularly, to a kind of.
Background technology
Existing multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler, such as " a kind of Horizontal type circulating fluid bed hot water boiler " (2007 20190923.3) with " a kind of multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler " (201010110352.4), generally comprise and be arranged in juxtaposition successively Main combustion chamber, subsidiary combustion chamber and secondary furnace, and the separator being arranged on according to flue gas trend behind secondary furnace.The lower half of main combustion chamber Material inlet is set at portion position, and fuel is directly added into main combustion chamber emulsion zone by the material inlet, and in main combustion chamber, subsidiary combustion chamber and combustion To the greatest extent room bottom arranges air compartment and provides air distribution.Fuel is fluidized burning in main combustion chamber, and relatively light unburnt fuel is logical with flue gas Enter subsidiary combustion chamber, Jing after subsidiary combustion chamber further burning, lighter unburnt fuel burns away as flue gas enters into secondary furnace.It is secondary Combustion room and secondary furnace bottom arrange one-level feeding back device, and separator bottom arranges two grades of feeding back devices, respective stove is will be left in respectively Unburnt fuel is back in main combustion chamber and further participates in circulating combustion in thorax.
Because existing multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler only arranges a material inlet in main combustion chamber, so what it was thrown in Fuel also can only be by the addition of this material inlet, it is impossible to carry out fuel staging, cause subsequent combustion to burn it is abundant not enough, Furnace outlet NOx content is still of a relatively high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, sufficiently classification is formed Low oxygen combustion, reduces the purpose of NOx.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Present invention offer is a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, and it includes:It is arranged in juxtaposition successively Main combustion chamber, subsidiary combustion chamber and secondary furnace;The main combustion chamber bottom arranges one-level charging gear;The bottom of the main combustion chamber is arranged once Air compartment;The bottom of the main combustion chamber and on the one-level charging gear position arrange overfiren air port;It is described to be classified to combustion The multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of material also includes:
Two grades of charging gears and three-level air distribution outlet;
Two grades of charging gears arrange the top of the subsidiary combustion chamber;The three-level air distribution outlet is arranged on the subsidiary combustion chamber Top.
It is highly preferred that the feed particle diameter of the one-level charging gear is 3mm~20mm.
It is highly preferred that the primary air flow that the main combustion chamber bottom is passed through by an air compartment account for total blast volume 40~ 60%.
It is highly preferred that the secondary air flow for being passed through main combustion chamber by the overfiren air port accounts for total blast volume 20%~40%.
It is highly preferred that with air quantity being the 10~30% of total blast volume by the three-level air distribution outlet.
It is highly preferred that the feeding coal of two grades of charging gears accounts for the 10~30% of total fuel quantity.
It is highly preferred that the feed of two grades of charging gears includes coal and biomass.
It is highly preferred that the particle diameter of the feed of two grades of charging gears:The particle diameter of coal is 0.05mm~0.5mm, biological The particle diameter of matter is 0.5mm~1mm.
It is highly preferred that the discharging opening of two grades of charging gears adds sleeve, it is fixed between the outer tube and inner core of the sleeve Gap is left between multiple spinning disks, and adjacent spinning disk;The feed of circulation two grades of charging gears, described more in the inner core Rotation material seeding wind is equipped with gap between individual spinning disk.
The present invention is can be seen that by the technical scheme of the invention described above to have the following technical effect that:
The present invention passes through classification to fuel, by the fuel of different-grain diameter in multipath circulating fluidized bed middle differential responses position Add, and coordinate three-level air distribution to arrange that is, main combustion chamber staged air distribution can control main combustion chamber oxygen concentration and reaction temperature, reduce The production of NOx;The fine grained fuel and corresponding air distribution of two grades of chargings of subsidiary combustion chamber can play reduction to the NOx that main combustion chamber is produced Effect, further reduces the concentration of NOx.Therefore the present invention can substantially reduce compared with prior art the discharge of NOx.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the discharging opening of two grades of charging gears of the invention adds spinning disk.
In accompanying drawing:
Air compartment 1, one-level charging gear 2, overfiren air port 3, main combustion chamber 4,5, two grades of charging gears 6, three-level of subsidiary combustion chamber Air distribution outlet 7, secondary furnace 8, separator 9, back-end ductwork 10, the one-level feeding back device 12 of economizer 11 and two grades of feeding back devices 13;Rotation Flow 61, material channel 62 and air distribution passage 63.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understands the technical scheme of the application, below with reference to accompanying drawing to this It is bright to be described in further details.
The orientation such as upper and lower, left and right, front and rear in present specification term is based on position relationship shown in the drawings Set up.Accompanying drawing is different, then corresponding position relationship is also possible to change therewith, therefore can not be interpreted as to protecting model with this The restriction enclosed.
Embodiment of the present invention offer is a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, and it can be with reference to multipaths The design feature of internal circulating load fluid bed carries out classification supply to burning, further reduces the discharge of NOx.Its structure as shown in figure 1, Including:
Air compartment 1, one-level charging gear 2, overfiren air port 3, main combustion chamber 4,5, two grades of charging gears 6, three-level of subsidiary combustion chamber Air distribution outlet 7, secondary furnace 8, separator 9, back-end ductwork 10, economizer 11, one-level feeding back device 12 and two grades of feeding back devices 13.
Main combustion chamber 4, subsidiary combustion chamber 5 and secondary furnace 8 are arranged in juxtaposition successively.With membrane wall phase between main combustion chamber 4 and subsidiary combustion chamber 5 Every top is gas material passage;It is separated by with membrane wall between subsidiary combustion chamber 5 and secondary furnace 8, gas material passage is left in bottom; Separator 9 is arranged on the outlet of secondary furnace 5, and the upper outlet of separator 9 connects back-end ductwork 10, and economizer 11 is placed in back-end ductwork In 10.
One-level charging gear 2 is set in the bottom of above-mentioned main combustion chamber 4, an air compartment 1 is set in the bottom of main combustion chamber 4, leading Fire the bottom of room 4 and the position on one-level charging gear 2 is provided with overfiren air port 3.
The feed of above-mentioned one-level charging gear 2 is macro particles fuel, and particle diameter is 3~20mm.Macro particles fuel passes through one-level Charging gear 2 adds main combustion chamber 4, and primary air flow accounts for the 40~60% of total blast volume, and by air compartment 1 bottom of main combustion chamber 4 is passed through Portion reacts with fuel;Secondary air flow accounts for the 20%~40% of total blast volume, and by overfiren air port 3 main combustion chamber 4 and fuel are passed through Further reaction so that main combustion chamber can control main combustion chamber oxygen concentration and reaction temperature, reduces the production of NOx.
The top of above-mentioned subsidiary combustion chamber 5 arranges two grades of charging gears 6, to supply fine grained fuel, reduction main combustion chamber outlet cigarette NOx in gas, further reduces NOx emission;The top of subsidiary combustion chamber 5 arranges three-level air distribution outlet 7, and to convey air quantity subsidiary combustion chamber 5 is passed through, By subsidiary combustion chamber 5 and the space of secondary furnace 8 together with making fine grained fuel and unburnt fuel in the flue gas exported with main combustion chamber 4 Reaction is complete.The three-level air distribution outlet 7 is total blast volume 10~30% with air quantity.
NOx reduction in order to be further ensured that the flue gas that main combustion chamber 4 is exported is as far as possible thorough, above-mentioned two grades of charging gears 6 Feed include coal and biomass.
The feeding coal of above-mentioned two grades of charging gears 6 accounts for the 10~30% of total fuel quantity, the particle diameter of coal be 0.05mm~ 0.5mm, the particle diameter of biomass is 0.5mm~1mm.
Mix with original heat smoke apart from fuel most short to further ensure that, form fractional combustion, this It is bright also to add sleeve in the discharging opening of above-mentioned two grades of charging gears 6, as shown in Fig. 2 fixed between the outer tube and inner core of the sleeve Gap is left between multiple spinning disks 61, and adjacent spinning disk;The inner core forms material channel 62, two grades of feed dresses of circulation in it Put 6 feed;Rotation material seeding wind is equipped with gap between multiple spinning disks, air distribution passage 63 is formed.
The bottom of above-mentioned subsidiary combustion chamber 5 and secondary furnace 8 is connected with one-level feeding back device 12, one-level feeding back device 12 and main combustion chamber 4 bottom connection, the large granular materials in flue gas are filled under subsidiary combustion chamber and secondary furnace bottom inertial separation by one-level feed back Put to be back in main combustion chamber 4 and burn away.
Separator 9 is connected with two grades of feeding back devices 13, and two grades of feeding back devices 13 are connected with the bottom of main combustion chamber 4, to incite somebody to action The material isolated in separator 9 is transferred back to be burnt away in main combustion chamber 4.
The operation principle of the present invention:
Macro particles fuel adds main combustion chamber 4, First air to be passed through main combustion chamber 4 by an air compartment 1 by one-level charging gear 2 Bottom react with fuel.Secondary Air is passed through main combustion chamber 4 and further reacts with fuel by overfiren air port 3.Main combustion chamber 4 Flue gas and material enter subsidiary combustion chamber 5 by the gas material passage on top together, and fine grained fuel is by positioned at the top of subsidiary combustion chamber 5 Two grades of charging gears 6 add subsidiary combustion chamber 5, with main combustion chamber 4 outlet smoke reaction, reduce flue gas in NOx;Tertiary air passes through Three-level air distribution outlet 7 positioned at the top of subsidiary combustion chamber 5 is passed through subsidiary combustion chamber 5, by subsidiary combustion chamber 5 and secondary furnace together with unburnt fuel 8 space reaction is complete.Flue gas enters airflow direction after secondary furnace 8 and transfers from subsidiary combustion chamber 5, and large granular materials exist in flue gas Separated under effect of inertia into one-level feeding back device 12, main combustion chamber 4 is transmitted back to by one-level feeding back device 12;Leave combustion To the greatest extent the flue gas of room 8 enters separator 9, and separator 9 gets off the material collection of larger particles, into two grades of feeding back devices 13, and It is transmitted back to main combustion chamber 4.Unreacted material in main combustion chamber 4 is transmitted back to from one-level feeding back device 12 and two grades of feeding back devices 13 again Reacted, improved reaction efficiency.
The present invention can be seen that using two-stage to fuel technology and three-level air distribution skill by the technical scheme of the invention described above Art, not only allows main combustion chamber to control main combustion chamber oxygen concentration and reaction temperature, reduces the production of NOx;Can also be by pair The fine grained fuel and corresponding air distribution of the two grades of chargings in combustion room plays reduction to the NOx that main combustion chamber is produced, and further reduces The concentration of NOx.Therefore the present invention can substantially reduce compared with prior art the discharge of NOx.
Jing tests can make the discharge of NOx reach 100mg/Nm by the present invention3Below.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, embodiment does not limit the present invention.Without departing from this In bright spirit and scope, any equivalence changes done or retouching also belong to the protection domain of the present invention.Therefore it is of the invention The content that should be defined with claims hereof of protection domain as standard.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it includes:Main combustion chamber (4), the pair being arranged in juxtaposition successively Combustion room (5) and secondary furnace (8);Main combustion chamber (4) bottom arranges one-level charging gear (2);The bottom of the main combustion chamber (4) sets Put an air compartment (1);The bottom of the main combustion chamber (4) and on the one-level charging gear (2) position arrange Secondary Air Mouth (3);Characterized in that, described classification also includes to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel:
Two grades of charging gears (6) and three-level air distribution outlet (7);
Two grades of charging gears (6) arrange the top of the subsidiary combustion chamber (5);The three-level air distribution outlet (7) is arranged on the pair The top of combustion room (5).
2. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that described The feed particle diameter of one-level charging gear (2) is 3~20mm.
3. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that to pass through The primary air flow that air compartment (1) is passed through the main combustion chamber (4) bottom accounts for total blast volume 40~60%.
4. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that to pass through The secondary air flow that the overfiren air port (3) is passed through main combustion chamber (4) accounts for total blast volume 20%~40%.
5. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that to pass through The three-level air distribution outlet (7) is the 10~30% of total blast volume with air quantity.
6. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that described The feeding coal of two grades of charging gears (6) accounts for the 10~30% of total fuel quantity.
7. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that described The feed of two grades of charging gears (6) includes coal and biomass.
8. it is according to claim 6 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that described The particle diameter of the feed of two grades of charging gears (6):The particle diameter of coal is 0.05mm~0.5mm, the particle diameter of biomass be 0.5mm~ 1mm。
9. it is according to claim 1 a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel, it is characterised in that described The discharging opening of two grades of charging gears (6) adds sleeve, and multiple spinning disks, and adjacent rotation are fixed between the outer tube and inner core of the sleeve Gap is left between flow;The feed of circulation two grades of charging gears (6) in the inner core, between the plurality of spinning disk between Rotation material seeding wind is equipped with gap.
CN201710043161.2A 2017-01-19 2017-01-19 It is a kind of to be classified to the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler of fuel Active CN106678784B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107366906A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-21 清华大学 The multipaths Horizontal CFB Boiler and operation method of a kind of low mercury emissions
CN107388244A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-24 清华大学 A kind of multipaths Horizontal CFB Boiler and its control method
CN112254141A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-22 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 TFB gasification incinerator with external gasification chamber
CN112254140A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-22 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 TFB gasification incinerator with double-bed linkage
CN113063150A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-02 大连理工大学 Novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0550905A1 (en) * 1992-01-03 1993-07-14 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method for reducing emissions when burning nitrogen containing fuels
US20100147146A1 (en) * 2008-11-21 2010-06-17 Petty Paul E Method and apparatus for circulating fluidized bed scrubber automated temperature setpoint control
CN102537943A (en) * 2012-01-17 2012-07-04 清华大学 Horizontal type circulating fluidized bed boiler with horizontal cyclone separator
CN203432081U (en) * 2013-08-13 2014-02-12 北京热华能源科技有限公司 Thermal conduction oil furnace for horizontal type circulating fluidized bed
CN205227298U (en) * 2015-12-11 2016-05-11 北京热华能源科技有限公司 Use horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler of coal slurry

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0550905A1 (en) * 1992-01-03 1993-07-14 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method for reducing emissions when burning nitrogen containing fuels
US20100147146A1 (en) * 2008-11-21 2010-06-17 Petty Paul E Method and apparatus for circulating fluidized bed scrubber automated temperature setpoint control
CN102537943A (en) * 2012-01-17 2012-07-04 清华大学 Horizontal type circulating fluidized bed boiler with horizontal cyclone separator
CN203432081U (en) * 2013-08-13 2014-02-12 北京热华能源科技有限公司 Thermal conduction oil furnace for horizontal type circulating fluidized bed
CN205227298U (en) * 2015-12-11 2016-05-11 北京热华能源科技有限公司 Use horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler of coal slurry

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107366906A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-21 清华大学 The multipaths Horizontal CFB Boiler and operation method of a kind of low mercury emissions
CN107388244A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-24 清华大学 A kind of multipaths Horizontal CFB Boiler and its control method
CN107366906B (en) * 2017-07-17 2018-12-11 清华大学 A kind of the multipaths Horizontal CFB Boiler and operation method of low mercury emissions
CN107388244B (en) * 2017-07-17 2018-12-11 清华大学 A kind of multipaths Horizontal CFB Boiler and its control method
CN112254141A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-22 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 TFB gasification incinerator with external gasification chamber
CN112254140A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-22 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 TFB gasification incinerator with double-bed linkage
CN113063150A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-02 大连理工大学 Novel low-pollution bubbling bed gasification combustion reaction device and method

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