CN106673109A - Preparation method of water sampling sponge - Google Patents

Preparation method of water sampling sponge Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106673109A
CN106673109A CN201611247558.5A CN201611247558A CN106673109A CN 106673109 A CN106673109 A CN 106673109A CN 201611247558 A CN201611247558 A CN 201611247558A CN 106673109 A CN106673109 A CN 106673109A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sponge
microns
preparation
sampling
molecular sieve
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CN201611247558.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张广飞
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Ningbo Shengyuan Technology Transmission Co Ltd
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Ningbo Shengyuan Technology Transmission Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201611247558.5A priority Critical patent/CN106673109A/en
Publication of CN106673109A publication Critical patent/CN106673109A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of water sampling sponge. The method at least comprises steps as follows: a raw material of a main sponge body is foamed and molecular sieve powder is attached and fixed to the surface of the main sponge body obtained through foaming. According to the scheme, a molecular sieve and the main sponge body are organically combined, so that the water sampling detection difficulty is reduced, water samples are not required to be carried directly, the carrying portability is improved, and the water sampling and transporting convenience is improved.

Description

A kind of preparation method of water body sampling sponge
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of water pollution sampling media, particularly a kind of preparation side of water body sampling sponge Method.
Background technology
Water (H2O it, by hydrogen, two kinds of elementary composition inorganic matters of oxygen, is at normal temperatures and pressures the transparent liquid of colorless and odorless) to be Body, including natural water (river, lake, atmospheric water, sea water, subsoil water etc.), artificial controlling the water circulation (makes hydrogen-oxygen atom by chemical reaction With reference to obtaining water).Water is one of modal material, is the valuable source of all life existence including humans, is also raw The most important ingredient of object.Water plays an important role in Life Evolution.Water is can not during the life of people is produced Or a scarce part, although and water is a kind of Renewable resource, its its quantity available in special time period is limited.
The activity of the mankind can be such that substantial amounts of industry, agricultural and domestic refuse enters in water, be contaminated water.At present, The whole world there are about every year the sewage of billion cubic meter more than 4200 and enter rivers,lakes and seas, pollute the fresh water of 5.5 tcms, this phase When in more than the 14% of global runoff volume.Promulgate within 1984《Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution》In for " water is dirty Dye " has descended clear and definite definition, i.e. water body because of the intervention of certain material, and causes the side such as its chemistry, physics, biology or radioactivity The change of region feature, so as to affect the effectively utilizes of water, is detrimental to health or destroys ecological environment, causes water quality deterioration Phenomenon is referred to as water pollution (Water Pollution).
Waste water has from different perspectives different sorting techniques.It is divided into sanitary wastewater according to separate sources and industrial wastewater two is big Class;Can divide inorganic wastewater and organic wastewater again according to the chemical classes of pollutant;Also there is by industrial department or produces the production of waste water Technique classification, such as coking chemical waste water, Metallurgical Waste Water, pharmacy waste water, food wastewater.
Pollutant mainly have:
(1) it is unprocessed and discharge industrial wastewater;
(2) it is unprocessed and discharge sanitary sewage;
(3) in a large number using chemical fertilizer, pesticide, herbicide and the farmland sewage that causes;
(4) trade waste by the river and house refuse are stacked;
(5) deforestation, soil erosion;
(6) because of exhaustive exploitation, mine system engineering is produced.
Wherein heavy metal pollution, Organic Pollution (such as nitrogen, phosphorus Organic substance etc.) etc. are maximum to environment and mankind's harm Pollute and relatively common.Heavy metal pollution, refers to the environment dirt caused by the heavy metals such as copper, lead, hydrargyrum, cadmium, cobalt or its compound Dye, mainly by mining, waste gas discharge, sewage irrigation and using huge sum of money metal products et al. for caused by factor.Heavy metal have be difficult The characteristic of mobile dissolving, can not be discharged into after organism and degrade, and can cause chronic poisoning.Heavy Metal Pollution degree depends on Species, concentration, physicochemical property, the valence state for existing and form in element.The meeting when the concentration of metallic element exceedes a certain numerical value There is violent toxicity, cause animals and plants to be poisoned, in addition it is dead.
Heavy metal is widely distributed in air, water body, soil, organism, is mainly manifested in water pollution.A huge sum of money in water There are trade effluent and pesticide in category source, and because bed mud has filtration, therefore the often pooling zone of heavy metal.Work as environment During change, the Heavy Metals in bed mud will also be converted and discharged and pollute.Heavy metal in water body, even if dense Degree is very low, also can accumulate in algae and bed mud, is adsorbed by fish and shellfish body surface, produces food chain concentration.Heavy metal can pass through Food chain is entered in human body and is enriched with, and by its carcinogenecity, mutagenicity, cytotoxicity human health is had a strong impact on.It is heavy metal-polluted Dye wide material sources, wherein considerable part are to enter environment by the waste gas of mankind's activity generation, waste water, waste residue, are polluted.
And in order to protect water body to be accomplished by carrying out sample detecting monitoring to its state.Water pollution is sampled, and is related to water The monitoring of body water quality and water body health status, and the sampling of existing water body is directly filled with sampling bottle when small lot is sampled Dress sample segment, then transport is tested and analyzed at testing equipment, and the water during this in sample occupies big portion Divide hauled weight;And high-volume over long distances long-term sampling when can then set up the systems such as special sampling conveyance conduit and pumping plant, this Water body sampling extremely inconvenience is allowed for, and significantly increases sampling cost.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of water body sample sponge preparation method, by by molecular sieve with Sponge main body is organically combined, and both have preferable binding ability, so as to reduce the difficulty of water body sample detecting, without the need for directly taking Band water body example, so as to improve the convenience of carrying, lifts water body sampling, the convenience of transport, and in life-time service It is difficult for drop-off, and it is easy to recycling.
Water body disclosed by the invention is sampled the preparation method of sponge, at least include the raw material of sponge main body is foamed, and (surface includes main body top layer and pore structure table to make molecular sieve powder attachment be bonded to the sponge body surfaces that foaming obtains Face).Molecular sieve its at least part surface micropore on sampling sponge products is not shielded.
This programme is made by the way that the molecular sieve of the powder morphology of high adsorption capacity is bound tightly together with sponge main body Molecular sieve powder is in the top layer " taking root " of sponge main body, so that it effectively fully adsorbs in its outstanding adsorptivity of performance In water body example.Can realize that the water pollutant to specified particle diameter is particularly spy by the control to molecular sieve bore diameter simultaneously Determine the sampling of the pollution granule of particle diameter, realize the selectivity collection of sampled targets, such as free heavy metal ion, heavy metal complexation Ion, nitrogen phosphorus Organic substance, red algae, cyanophyceae etc..
A kind of improvement of the preparation method of water body sampling sponge disclosed by the invention, molecular sieve powder is in sponge main body Attachment quality is the 0.1-10% of sponge main quality.
A kind of improvement of the preparation method of water body sampling sponge disclosed by the invention, molecular sieve powder is uniformly dispersed and consolidates Tie in the pore structure surface of sponge main body.
Molecular sieve is formed at this programme the surface of sponge main body, reduces the wave that results in blockage because of blocking for material of main part Take, to improve its utilization ratio, and be easy to the regeneration of molecular sieve and the De contamination of adsorbate and detection in later stage use.
A kind of improvement of the preparation method of water body disclosed by the invention sampling sponge, molecular sieve powder particle diameter is 1 micron- 2mm。
A kind of improvement of the preparation method of water body disclosed by the invention sampling sponge, the material of sponge main body for bubble rubber or Person's EU or PAUR.
A kind of improvement of the preparation method of water body sampling sponge disclosed by the invention, the hole size of the pore structure of sponge main body For 2-4mm.This programme the circulation to water is strengthened when sampling to water body and can filter ability by providing holes size, and Reduce impact of the non-targeted impurity to sampling even to damage the structure of sponge, while and may be such that sponge in unit There is good empty density in volume, so as to ensure that there is its good ability in sampling, and error probability is reduced.
A kind of improvement of the preparation method of water body sampling sponge disclosed by the invention, table of the sponge main body under 25 degrees Celsius Face tension force is not more than 72mN/m.This programme is by limiting the surface tension of sponge main body so as to less than the surface tension of water, so as to The attachment of debris or dirt is not only less prone in use, while sampled targets can be avoided in the attachment of body surfaces And promote sticking probability of the sampled targets in molecular sieve, so as to after sampling is completed, it is to avoid by extruding or extruding sponge Sampled targets not to be adsorbed are excluded during middle moisture, and reduce sampling precision.
The present invention discloses the preparation method of water body sampling sponge, by the way that molecular sieve and sponge are organically combined, with molecular sieve Absorbability realizing the enhancing of the adsorption sampling ability to target sample, improve sampling accuracy and sampling efficiency, together When by the control to molecular sieve bore diameter and type, realize the selective absorption to different type pollutant (as float size, The selection of the selection of pollutant kind, even specific pollutants) so as to not only improve only the sampling adsorbate of unit volume Amount and adsorption efficiency, while the binding ability between target sample (pollutant)-molecular sieve-sponge three is also enhanced, so as to Avoid sample in use or molecular sieve comes off, and not only affect sampling efficiency, equally affect sampling precision.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further elucidated, it should be understood that following specific embodiments are only used for The bright present invention rather than restriction the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention program sponge main body for include, without being limited to macropore sponge or pore sponge (various cellular rubbers, Polyurethane sponge, polyethers sponge etc.)
Prepare embodiment 1
The preparation method of the atmospheric sampling sponge of the present embodiment, at least includes the raw material of sponge main body is foamed, and makes Molecular sieve powder attachment is bonded to the sponge body surfaces that foaming is obtained.Can be before foaming or after foaming by molecular sieve powder Mould is sprayed into, so that molecular sieve powder has good associativity with sponge, then product is obtained through post processing.
Distinguish with above-described embodiment, molecular sieve powder is uniformly dispersed and is consolidated in the pore structure table of sponge main body Face, includes, without being limited to be scattered in the situation on all or part of pore structure surface of sponge main body.
Distinguish with above-described embodiment, attachment quality of the molecular sieve powder in sponge main body is sponge main quality 0.1% (attachment quality of the molecular sieve powder in sponge main body account for the ratio of sponge main quality can also be include without limit In following arbitrary:0.2%th, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%th, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%th, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%th, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9%th, 5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8%, 5.9%, 6.0%, 6.1%th, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.0%, 7.1%, 7.2%, 7.3%th, 7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%, 8.0%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%th, 8.6%, 8.7%, 8.8%, 8.9%, 9.0%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%, 9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%th, other arbitrary values in the range of 9.8%, 9.9%, 10.0% and 0.1-10%).
Distinguish with above-described embodiment, molecular sieve powder particle diameter is 1 micron, and (molecular sieve powder particle diameter can also be to include And be not limited to following arbitrary:1 micron, 2 microns, 3 microns, 4 microns, 5 microns, 6 microns, 7 microns, 8 microns, 9 microns, it is 10 micro- Rice, 20 microns, 30 microns, 40 microns, 50 microns, 60 microns, 70 microns, 80 microns, 90 microns, 100 microns, 110 microns, 120 microns, 130 microns, 140 microns, 150 microns, 160 microns, 170 microns, 180 microns, 190 microns, 200 microns, it is 210 micro- Rice, 220 microns, 230 microns, 240 microns, 250 microns, 260 microns, 270 microns, 280 microns, 290 microns, 300 microns, 310 microns, 320 microns, 330 microns, 340 microns, 350 microns, 360 microns, 370 microns, 380 microns, 390 microns, it is 400 micro- Rice, 410 microns, 420 microns, 430 microns, 440 microns, 450 microns, 460 microns, 470 microns, 480 microns, 490 microns, 500 microns, 510 microns, 520 microns, 530 microns, 540 microns, 550 microns, 560 microns, 570 microns, 580 microns, it is 590 micro- Rice, 600 microns, 610 microns, 620 microns, 630 microns, 640 microns, 650 microns, 660 microns, 670 microns, 680 microns, 690 microns, 700 microns, 710 microns, 720 microns, 730 microns, 740 microns, 750 microns, 760 microns, 770 microns, it is 780 micro- Rice, 790 microns, 800 microns, 810 microns, 820 microns, 830 microns, 840 microns, 850 microns, 860 microns, 870 microns, 880 microns, 890 microns, 900 microns, 910 microns, 920 microns, 930 microns, 940 microns, 950 microns, 960 microns, it is 970 micro- Rice, 980 microns, 990 microns, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, Other arbitrary values in the range of 2.0 millimeters and 1 micron of -2mm).
Distinguish with above-described embodiment, the material of sponge main body is bubble rubber either EU or polyester-type Polyurethane, such as includes, without being limited to polyurethanes sponge, polyethers 330n, polyethers 4110, polyethers f6, polyethers f68, polyethers 220th, polyethers l64, polyethers l61, polyethers 210, combined polyether, polyethers l-62, polyethers 403, nitrile rubber cotton etc..
Distinguish with above-described embodiment, the hole size of the pore structure of sponge main body be 2mm (pore structure of sponge main body Hole size can also be include, without being limited to it is following arbitrary:2.1mm、2.2mm、2.3mm、2.4mm、2.5mm、2.6mm、2.7mm、 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3.0 millimeters, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm, 3.9mm, 4.0 Other arbitrary values in the range of millimeter and 2-4mm).
Distinguish with above-described embodiment, surface tension of the sponge main body under 25 degrees Celsius be not more than 72mN/m (sponges Surface tension of the main body under 25 degrees Celsius can also be include, without being limited to it is following arbitrary:10mN/m、11mN/m、12mN/m、 13mN/m、14mN/m、15mN/m、16mN/m、17mN/m、18mN/m、19mN/m、20mN/m、21mN/m、22mN/m、23mN/m、 24mN/m、25mN/m、26mN/m、27mN/m、28mN/m、29mN/m、30mN/m、31mN/m、32mN/m、33mN/m、34mN/m、 35mN/m、36mN/m、37mN/m、38mN/m、39mN/m、40mN/m、41mN/m、42mN/m、43mN/m、44mN/m、45mN/m、 46mN/m、47mN/m、48mN/m、49mN/m、50mN/m、51mN/m、52mN/m、53mN/m、54mN/m、55mN/m、56mN/m、 57mN/m、58mN/m、59mN/m、60mN/m、61mN/m、62mN/m、63mN/m、64mN/m、65mN/m、66mN/m、67mN/m、 Other arbitrary values in the range of 68mN/m, 69mN/m, 70mN/m, 71mN/m and no more than 72mN/m).
Specific embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, from polyethers l61 raw materials, sponge aperture 2mm, 300 microns of potassium A (3A) molecular sieve powder of powder diameter Body, is sampling sponge sample through foaming, and attachment quality of the molecular sieve powder on sample is to account for sponge main quality 0.25%.Sampled targets normality inland river Lead in Aqueous Solution, including dissociated ion and complex ion.Sponge is soaked in sampling box Afterwards after 1 hour, take out, gently extruding removes moisture, takes back, and is detected Jing after removing, water sample inspection is directly carried with sampling bottle Survey standard as a comparison.
Sampled in Hainan sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 4 is contrasted with standard monitoring value, Sampling precision is 98%.
Sampled in Nantong sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 6 is contrasted with standard monitoring value, Sampling precision is 97%.
Sampled in Harbin sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 5, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 98.4%.
Sampled in Nanjing great Chang sampled points with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 4, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 96.5%.
Sampled in Urumchi sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 6, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 99%.
Specific embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, from the raw material of polyethers 4110, sponge aperture 3mm, 300 microns of potassium A (3A) molecular sieves of powder diameter Powder body, is sampling sponge sample through foaming, and attachment quality of the molecular sieve powder on sample is to account for sponge main quality 0.75%.Dissociate cadmium ion in the water body of sampled targets normality inland river.Sponge after 1 hour, is taken out, gently after immersion in sampling box Light extruding removes moisture, takes back, and is detected Jing after removing, and with sampling bottle water sample detection standard as a comparison is directly carried.
Sampled in Hainan sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 4.4, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 97%.
Sampled in Nantong sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 6.2, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 98.7%.
Sampled in Harbin sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 5.4, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 98.4%.
Sampled in Nanjing great Chang sampled points with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 4.5, with standard monitoring value Contrast, sampling precision is 97.5%.
Sampled in Urumchi sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 6.1, with standard monitoring value Contrast, sampling precision is 98.9%.
Specific embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, from polyurethanes sponge material, sponge aperture 4mm, the average hole of 2 millimeters of potassium of powder diameter The microsized zeolite powder body of footpath 100, is sampling sponge sample through foaming, and attachment quality of the molecular sieve powder on sample is Account for the 0.45% of sponge main quality.Dissociate cadmium ion in the water body of sampled targets normality inland river.Sponge is 1 after immersion in sampling box After hour, take out, gently extruding removes moisture, takes back, and is detected Jing after removing, water sample detection is directly carried with sampling bottle and is made For contrast standard.
Sampled in Hainan sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 4.5, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 98.1%.
Sampled in Nantong sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 6.1, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 97.9%.
Sampled in Harbin sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 5.2, with standard monitoring value pair Than sampling precision is 98.2%.
Sampled in Nanjing great Chang sampled points with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 4.7, with standard monitoring value Contrast, sampling precision is 97.5%.
Sampled in Urumchi sampled point with 10 sponge sample, sampling quantity average variance 6.5, with standard monitoring value Contrast, sampling precision is 97.9%.
This place embodiment is in place of the claimed non-limit of technical scope midrange and in embodiment technology The equal replacement of single or multiple technical characteristics is formed new technical scheme in scheme, equally all in application claims In the range of protection;Simultaneously the present invention program it is all enumerate or unrequited embodiment in, in the same embodiment each Parameter is merely representative of an example (i.e. a kind of feasible scheme) of its technical scheme, and does not exist between parameters strict Cooperation and qualified relation, wherein each parameter can be replaced mutually when stating without prejudice to axiom and the present invention and asking, special declaration Except.
Technological means disclosed in the present invention program are not limited only to the technological means disclosed in above-mentioned technological means, also include The technical scheme being made up of above technical characteristic combination in any.The above is the specific embodiment of the present invention, should be referred to Go out, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some Improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of water body is sampled the preparation method of sponge, at least includes the raw material of sponge main body is foamed, and makes molecular sieve powder Body attachment is bonded to the sponge body surfaces that foaming is obtained.
2. the preparation method of atmospheric sampling sponge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the molecular sieve powder is in sea Attachment quality in continuous main body is the 0.1-10% of sponge main quality.
3. water body according to claim 1 and 2 is sampled the preparation method of sponge, it is characterised in that the molecular sieve powder It is uniformly dispersed and is consolidated in the pore structure surface of sponge main body.
4. the preparation method of atmospheric sampling sponge according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the molecular sieve powder Particle diameter is 1 micron -2 millimeters.
5. water body according to claim 3 is sampled the preparation method of sponge, it is characterised in that the molecular sieve powder particle diameter For 1 micron of -2mm.
6. the preparation method of atmospheric sampling sponge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the raw material is bipeltate Raw material either foamed polyether type polyurethane raw material or expanded polyester type polyurethane raw material.
7. water body according to claim 1 is sampled the preparation method of sponge, it is characterised in that the hole knot of the sponge main body The hole size of structure is 2-4mm.
8. water body according to claim 1 or 6 or 7 is sampled the preparation method of sponge, it is characterised in that the sponge main body Surface tension under 25 degrees Celsius is not more than 72mN/m.
CN201611247558.5A 2016-12-29 2016-12-29 Preparation method of water sampling sponge Withdrawn CN106673109A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1557872A (en) * 2004-02-04 2004-12-29 安徽大维新材有限责任公司 Highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol foam and process for preparing same
JP2005288203A (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-20 Em Kayama:Kk Water cleaning device
CN105903451A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-08-31 李迎春 Heavy metal adsorption sponge as well as preparation method and use thereof

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1557872A (en) * 2004-02-04 2004-12-29 安徽大维新材有限责任公司 Highly absorbent polyvinyl alcohol foam and process for preparing same
JP2005288203A (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-20 Em Kayama:Kk Water cleaning device
CN105903451A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-08-31 李迎春 Heavy metal adsorption sponge as well as preparation method and use thereof

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