CN106662043A - Engine unit and saddled vehicle - Google Patents

Engine unit and saddled vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106662043A
CN106662043A CN201580042693.3A CN201580042693A CN106662043A CN 106662043 A CN106662043 A CN 106662043A CN 201580042693 A CN201580042693 A CN 201580042693A CN 106662043 A CN106662043 A CN 106662043A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
stroke
engine
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201580042693.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN106662043B (en
Inventor
原贵比古
渡边祐郎
渡边祐一郎
大桑好典
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamaha Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910837408.7A priority Critical patent/CN110529271B/en
Publication of CN106662043A publication Critical patent/CN106662043A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106662043B publication Critical patent/CN106662043B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0872—Details of the fuel vapour pipes or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/003—Adding fuel vapours, e.g. drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02D41/0032—Controlling the purging of the canister as a function of the engine operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/003—Adding fuel vapours, e.g. drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02D41/0032—Controlling the purging of the canister as a function of the engine operating conditions
    • F02D41/004—Control of the valve or purge actuator, e.g. duty cycle, closed loop control of position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10072—Intake runners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10222—Exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]; Positive crankcase ventilation [PCV]; Additional air admission, lubricant or fuel vapour admission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/16—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by use in vehicles
    • F02M35/162—Motorcycles; All-terrain vehicles, e.g. quads, snowmobiles; Small vehicles, e.g. forklifts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0406—Intake manifold pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
    • F02D9/109—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps having two or more flaps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M2025/0845—Electromagnetic valves

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is capable of ensuring that sufficient evaporated fuel is introduced into a combustion chamber. A connection passage 163 is provided for introducing evaporated fuel from a canister 161 to an air intake passage 110. A solenoid valve 170 is provided in the connection passage 163. The solenoid valve 170 is arranged at a position such that the capacity between a downstream air intake passage 110x and the valve, in a connection path 163a inside the connection passage 163, is less than half of the exhaust volume of an engine 130. Inside a downstream air intake passage section 110d: a negative pressure having a large difference from atmospheric pressure and a negative pressure having little difference from atmospheric pressure are generated within four strokes; and a negative pressure fluctuation is generated whereby a negative pressure having a large difference from atmospheric pressure and a negative pressure having little difference from atmospheric pressure are repeated every four strokes. The solenoid valve 170 is controlled so as to be linked to the negative pressure fluctuation every four strokes.

Description

Engine unit and Straddle riding type vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to engine unit and Straddle riding type vehicle.
Background technology
Some vehicles are provided with tank body.Adsorbent is accommodated in tank body, the fuel that the adsorbent absorption is produced in fuel tank Steam.There is the technology for the air containing fuel vapo(u)r to be introduced on one's own initiative into combustion chamber from tank body, to reduce by adsorbing Agent absorption and and then the fuel vapo(u)r amount that is discharged into from tank body in air.This technology is widely used in installed in automobile (four Wheeled vehicle) on engine unit in.In patent document 1, will with jumbo casing be arranged at by fuel vapo(u)r from Tank body introduces the path that air inlet passage member is passed through.
Reference listing
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent publication No.2009-57844
The content of the invention
Technical problem
Expect the technology described in patent document 1 is applied to used in the Straddle riding type vehicle of motorcycle etc. Engine unit.The result of the technical research being engaged in as the present inventor, it was found that following facts.If by patent document 1 Technology is applied to without change the widely used engine unit in Straddle riding type vehicle, then may cause unfavorable.That is, exist The possibility of desired fuel vapo(u)r amount can not be introduced from tank body to combustion chamber.
It is an object of the invention to provide engine unit and Straddle riding type vehicle, the engine unit and the Straddle riding type vehicle Each of desired fuel vapo(u)r amount can be made to introduce combustion chamber.
The technical scheme of solve problem
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, single cylinder or multicylinder four-stroke engine unit include：Combustion chamber；Intake channel structure Part, air is introduced into combustion chamber through intake channel component；And air throttle, it is arranged on the mid portion of intake channel component. Combustion chamber, intake channel component and air throttle are provided for each of one or more cylinders.In intake channel component Pressure in the downstream inlet passage portion in the downstream of air throttle changes according to the mode that pressures below changes：In each four punching Generation in Cheng Xunhuan differs less less pressure drop with atmospheric pressure and larger larger pressure drop is differed with atmospheric pressure；Also, it is less Pressure drop and larger pressure drop are repeatedly produced based on four strokes.Engine unit also includes：Tank body, its be connected to fuel tank and Adsorbent is accommodated in tank body, adsorbent is configured to adsorb the fuel vapo(u)r included in the air inlet from fuel tank；Communication paths Component, it is constructed to each of one or more cylinders company of foundation between the inside of tank body and downstream inlet passage portion It is logical；Valve, it is arranged at the mid portion of communication paths component so that communication paths component extends to valve from intake channel component A part capacity less than the capacity of engine unit half, the aperture of valve can change；And controller, it is configured to The pressure repeatedly produced based on four strokes according to less pressure drop and larger pressure drop is controlling the operation of valve.
The present inventor is found that through great efforts when the technology of patent document 1 is applied to without change in Straddle riding type vehicle When in widely used engine unit, it is impossible to make desired fuel vapo(u)r amount from tank body introduce combustion chamber the reason for.From tank body The fuel vapo(u)r amount of introducing combustion chamber is according to the amount of pressure drop in downstream inlet passage portion (that is, in downstream inlet passage portion The difference of negative pressure and atmospheric pressure) and change.Downstream inlet passage portion is connected with the communication paths component extended from tank body.Consider above-mentioned Situation, the pressure that the present inventor will produce in the downstream inlet passage portion in the widely used engine unit in Straddle riding type vehicle Drop is compared with the pressure drop in widely used engine unit in the car.As result of the comparison, following difference is found.
In the car in widely used some engine units, the pressure regulating box in the downstream due to being arranged on air throttle, Pressure change in downstream inlet passage portion is suppressed.Additionally, with described in patent document 1 with independent solar term In the automobile engine unit of door body, for example, set up between downstream inlet passage portion by arranging one or more communicating pipes Connection, so as to suppress the pressure change of each cylinder.
Now, with reference to the widely used engine unit in Straddle riding type vehicle.In Straddle riding type vehicle, it is widely used Single-cylinder engine unit and the multicylinder engine unit with respective throttle body.In the engine list for Straddle riding type vehicle In unit, the pressure in intake channel portion downstream significantly becomes and turns under atmospheric pressure, i.e. in intake channel portion downstream Produce larger pressure drop.The larger pressure drop is produced in each four-stroke cycle, and the pressure drop is based on four strokes real estate repeatedly It is raw.In patent document 1, the setting of the casing with larger capacity is introduced into into downstream inlet passage portion to fuel vapo(u)r and is passed through Path in.Assume that the configuration in patent document 1 is applied to without change the widely used engine in Straddle riding type vehicle Unit, wherein, downstream the pressure in intake channel portion significantly changes.It has been found that this is prone to cause for making fuel Steam introduces the delay at the moment of combustion chamber, and accordingly, there exist the possibility that can not introduce desired fuel vapo(u)r amount.
In view of case above, in the present invention, (more precisely, using pressure on the premise of it there is pressure change Change) controlling the operation of valve.Specifically, valve be arranged so that communication paths component between downstream inlet passage portion and valve A part capacity less than engine unit capacity half.Additionally, control valve causes the fuel vapo(u)r amount root for introducing It is changed based on the pressure that four strokes are repeatedly produced according to less pressure drop and larger pressure drop.
Using the configuration, the operating pressure of valve is controlled according to pressures below variation pattern：The large change of pressure is based on Four strokes and repeatedly.This causes as follows to be controlled valve and is possibly realized：So that proper amount of fuel vapo(u)r amount is introduced Combustion chamber.The capacity of the part for extending to valve from intake channel portion of communication paths component is less than the capacity of engine unit Half.Under conditions of pressure in downstream inlet passage portion significantly changes, which reduce fuel vapo(u)r and introduce combustion chamber The delay at moment.Therefore, in the engine unit that pressure is significantly changed based on four strokes, this realizes and is introduced to combustion chamber Desired fuel vapo(u)r amount.
Additionally, in the present invention, it is preferred to, engine unit also includes sensor, and the sensor configuration is into detection under Negative pressure in trip intake channel portion；And controller is configured to control the behaviour of valve based on the testing result obtained by sensor Make.
In the configuration, direct detection pressure change, and the operation of valve is controlled based on testing result.Thereby, it is possible to The fuel vapo(u)r amount of introducing is suitably adjusted according to pressure change.
Additionally, in the present invention, it is preferred to, controller is configured to control valve so that introduce downstream from communication paths component The fuel vapo(u)r amount in intake channel portion and combustion chamber introduce the ratio of air capacity and increase as combustion chamber introduces the increase of air capacity Greatly, wherein, combustion chamber introduce air capacity be from downstream inlet passage portion introduce combustion chamber air capacity.
In the configuration, control valve and cause the ratio of the fuel vapo(u)r amount for introducing as combustion chamber introduces the increase of air capacity And increase.Therefore, combustion is introduced fuel vapor in the way of the less impact that fuel vapo(u)r is caused on burning in a combustion chamber Burn room.Therefore, when making fuel introduce combustion chamber on one's own initiative, it is easier to control engine.
Additionally, in the present invention, it is preferred to, valve can be switched to open mode and can be from open shape from closed mode State is switched to closed mode, and closed mode is that valve prevents air from circulating between the inside of tank body and downstream inlet passage portion place State, open mode is that valve allows air to circulate between the inside of tank body and downstream inlet passage portion the state at place；With And controller is configured to control valve to perform Vavle switching operation in association with pressure, wherein, in pressure change side Less pressure drop and larger pressure drop in formula is repeatedly produced based on four strokes, and Vavle switching operation is one group of making operation and disconnects behaviour Make, one of making operation and opening operation is first carried out, then perform the another one of making operation and opening operation, connect Operation is the operation for making valve that open mode is switched to from closed mode, and opening operation is to make valve be switched to pass from open mode The operation of closed state.
In the configuration, (more precisely, utilizing on the premise of there is above-mentioned pressure change in downstream inlet passage portion Pressure change) adjust the fuel vapo(u)r amount for introducing.Specifically, perform introducing fuel in association with following pressure to steam The Vavle switching operation of gas：Less pressure drop and larger pressure drop in each four-stroke cycle is repeatedly produced based on four strokes.Utilize The configuration, when making fuel vapo(u)r be introduced in combustion chamber on one's own initiative from tank body, is fitted in the way of being associated with pressure Locality adjusts the fuel vapo(u)r amount for introducing.In the present invention, valve be arranged so that communication paths component in downstream inlet path Half of the capacity for the part extended between portion and valve less than the capacity of engine unit.Thus, downstream inlet path is made Pressure change in portion passes to valve within the shorter time.This promotes the smooth pass between the operation of valve and pressure change Connection, and reduce the delay at the moment for making fuel vapo(u)r introduce combustion chamber.Thus, the fuel for introducing combustion chamber is more suitably adjusted Vapor volume.
Additionally, in the present invention, it is preferred to, when each of four strokes by four-stroke cycle is constituted are calculated as one During stroke, controller is configured to control valve to perform Vavle switching operation in association with n stroke interval section, wherein, n is 4 Multiple or 1 or 2.
With a stroke interval section in association (namely be based on a stroke interval section) perform Vavle switching operation control and With two stroke interval sections in association (namely be based on two stroke interval sections) perform Vavle switching operation control both of which include In the control being associated with four-stroke cycle.In the case of the multiple that n is 4, when with n stroke interval section in association (namely be based on n stroke interval section) perform Vavle switching operate when, based on four-stroke cycle or with n stroke interval section Be spaced apart one or more four-stroke cycles four-stroke cycle perform operation in association.Therefore, by above-mentioned configuration, It is above-mentioned arbitrarily in the case of, repeatedly to be produced in each four-stroke cycle based on four strokes with less pressure drop and larger pressure drop Pressure adjust throughput in association.
Additionally, in the present invention, it is preferred to, controller is configured to control valve to perform with n stroke interval segment sync At least one of making operation and opening operation, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 or 2.
In the configuration, at least one of handover operation is performed with n stroke interval segment sync, wherein, n is 4 Multiple or 1 or 2.Thus, it is easy to control handover operation.
In the present invention, controller can control valve to perform making operation in every n stroke interval section, and and then Opening operation is performed, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 or 2.In the present invention, controller can control valve with every n stroke Between perform opening operation in section, and and then perform making operation, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 or 2.In the present invention, control Device can control valve to perform each of a making operation and opening operation in every n stroke interval section, wherein, n Multiple for 4 or 1 or 2.In the present invention, controller can control valve with each stroke or each two stroke interval section Perform each of a making operation and opening operation.In the present invention, controller can control valve with every n stroke Each of a making operation and opening operation are performed in the four-stroke cycle of time period, wherein, n is 4 multiple.At this In invention, it is every in a making operation and opening operation to perform in per four stroke interval sections that controller can control valve One.In the present invention, controller can control valve to perform two or more times making operation in every n stroke interval section Each of with opening operation, wherein, n is 4 multiple.In the present invention, controller can control valve with every n stroke Perform one of making operation and opening operation in time period, and and then perform another one, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 Or 2, the moment that making operation and opening operation are performed within each time period is different between each n stroke interval section 's.
Additionally, in the present invention, it is preferred to, valve is in open mode, and in open mode, valve allows air Jing Cross communication paths component and connect between the inside of tank body and intake channel component, and the aperture energy of the valve in open mode Enough it is adjusted；And controller is configured to basis and the valve in open mode is controlled based on four-stroke pressure Aperture, be included in what less pressure drop and larger pressure drop were repeatedly produced based on four strokes based on four-stroke pressure In pressure.
In the configuration, (more precisely, utilizing on the premise of there is above-mentioned pressure change in downstream inlet passage portion Pressure change) adjusting the fuel vapo(u)r amount of introducing.Namely be based on four-stroke pressure to control in open mode Valve aperture, less pressure drop and larger pressure drop should be included in based on four-stroke pressure and be based on four strokes repeatedly In the pressure of generation.Thus, when making fuel vapo(u)r introduce combustion chamber on one's own initiative from tank body, can be according to based on four The pressure of stroke is suitably adjusting the fuel vapo(u)r amount of introducing.In the present invention, valve is configured such that connection The capacity of the part extended between downstream inlet passage portion and valve of passage member is less than the capacity of engine unit Half.Therefore, the pressure change in intake channel component is made to be delivered to valve within the shorter time.When based on pressure change When mode controls valve, the delay at the moment for introducing fuel vapor into combustion chamber is which reduced.Draw thereby, it is possible to more suitably adjust Enter the fuel vapo(u)r amount of combustion chamber.
Additionally, in the present invention, it is preferred to, when four strokes are calculated as into a circulation, controller is configured at every n According to the aperture that the valve in open mode is controlled based on four-stroke pressure in circulation duration, wherein, n is certainly So count.
In this configuration, in the every n fuel vapo(u)r amount introduced in circulating duration according to based on the change of four-stroke pressure Change mode and adjusted.This makes it is easier to control engine.
Additionally, in the present invention, engine unit can also include：Sensor, it is configured to detect logical in downstream inlet Negative pressure in the portion of road；And controller can be based on one or more circulations included in circulating duration at n by sensor Each of obtained in testing result controlling the aperture of the valve in open mode, the testing result is used to represent and exists Per n circulate duration in based on four-stroke pressure.Additionally, in the present invention, when four strokes are calculated as into one During individual circulation, controller can in such a way control valve：When controller is in several cycles by the valve in open mode Aperture keep it is constant after, controller is opened according to the valve changed based on four-stroke pressure in open mode Degree.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, Straddle riding type vehicle includes：The engine unit of the above of the present invention；Car body frame Frame, its supporting engine unit；Rider's vehicle seat；Handle, it is arranged on the front of rider's vehicle seat；And fuel tank, its connection To the tank body included in engine unit.
Thus, in the Straddle riding type vehicle of the engine unit for significantly changing place based on four strokes with pressure, realize Desired fuel vapo(u)r amount is set to introduce combustion chamber.
In the present invention, " less less pressure drop is differed with atmospheric pressure and larger larger pressure drop is differed with atmospheric pressure " table Show two pressure drops of presence, one of which is more than the difference of another one and atmospheric pressure with the difference of atmospheric pressure.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the side view of the motorcycle for being related to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates the engine unit of the motorcycle in Fig. 1 and its schematic diagram of external device (ED).The figure is included in engine The partial cross-section of the engine in unit, and partially illustrate the internal structure of engine.
Fig. 3 illustrates that the schematic diagram of herein below：The communication paths component of downstream inlet passage portion is extended to from tank body How to be attached；And the structure of the magnetic valve arranged to the mid portion of communication paths component.The figure includes these parts Partial sectional view.
Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b) are shown respectively the sectional view of the magnetic valve in Fig. 3.Each sectional view includes the internal junction of valve A part for the front view of structure.
Fig. 5 illustrates the combination of graphs below and figure line：Inlet valve, exhaust valve and magnetic valve is shown respectively beats ON/OFF The figure line of closed state；With the curve map for illustrating the change of pressure in downstream inlet passage portion.
Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b) illustrate the curve map for controlling the condition of magnetic valve.
Fig. 7 illustrates the curve map of the change of the influx of fuel vapo(u)r when magnetic valve is controlled according to various control methods.
Fig. 8 is related to the variation of embodiment.Specifically, Fig. 8 is the combination with figure below and figure line：Beating for magnetic valve is shown The figure line of opening/closing state；With the curve map for illustrating the pressure change in downstream inlet passage portion.
Fig. 9 is related to another variation of embodiment.Specifically, Fig. 9 is the combination with figure below and figure line：Magnetic valve is shown Opening/closed mode figure line；With the curve map for illustrating the pressure change in downstream inlet passage portion.
Figure 10 (a) and Figure 10 (b) each illustrate replacement used in the second embodiment of the present invention first The sectional view of the choke valve of the magnetic valve in embodiment.Each sectional view includes a part for the front view of the internal structure of valve.
Figure 11 illustrates the combination with figure below and figure line：The figure of the opening/closed mode of inlet valve and exhaust valve is shown respectively Line；With the curve map for illustrating the pressure change in downstream inlet passage portion.
Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b) are to illustrate the curve map for controlling the condition of flow control valve.
Figure 13 is illustrated with the combination of figure below：The curve of the change of pressure in downstream inlet passage portion is shown Figure；With the curve map of the operation for showing the aperture for changing choke valve under the control based on the change of pressure.
Figure 14 illustrates the schematic diagram of the variation for applying the present invention to multicylinder engine unit place.
Figure 15 illustrates the curve map of the variation of the control method for choke valve.
Specific embodiment
[first embodiment]
The first embodiment of the present invention is described hereinafter with reference to motorcycle 1 as an example.Motorcycle 1 is provided with concrete reality The engine unit 100 of the engine unit of the existing present invention.
In the following description, fore-and-aft direction is referred to observed by rider R of the riding on rider's vehicle seat 11 of motorcycle 1 The fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle for arriving.Rider's vehicle seat 11 will hereinafter be described.Left and right directions refers to riding in rider's vehicle seat The left and right directions (vehicle-width direction) of vehicle observed by the rider R on 11.Arrow F and B in figure represent respectively to Front direction and backward directions.Arrow L and R in figure represents respectively left direction and right direction.
As shown in figure 1, motorcycle 1 includes front-wheel 2, trailing wheel 3, vehicle body frame 4 and rider's vehicle seat 11.Handle unit 9 sets Put the part in the front positioned at rider's vehicle seat 11 of vehicle body frame 4.Handle 9R is arranged on the right part of handle unit 9, and And, handle 9L is arranged on the left part of handle unit 9.It should be noted that merely illustrating handle 9L in Fig. 1.Handle 9R is in right and left Upwards positioned at the opposite side of handle 9L.Handle 9R is throttle grip (throttle grip).Brake lever is arranged on the attached of handle 9R Closely.Clutch lever 10 is arranged on the vicinity of handle 9L.The upper end of front fork 7 is fastened to handle unit 9.The bottom of front fork 7 Brought forward wheel 2.
Swing arm 12 is swingably supported in its front end by the bottom of vehicle body frame 4.After the rearward end supporting of swing arm 12 Wheel 3.Rear suspension is attached partially to vehicle body frame 4 by the non-swing arm pivot point of swing arm 12.Rear suspension is absorbed on above-below direction Vibration.
The supporting single-cylinder engine of vehicle body frame 4 unit 100.Vehicle body frame 4 can direct supporting engine unit 100, or Person can be via other component supporting engine unit 100 indirectly.Engine unit 100 includes four-stroke engine 130. The detailed construction of engine unit 100 will hereinafter be described.Air filter 31 is connected to engine 130.Air-filtering Device 31 is configured to clean outside or the outside air for entering.The air for having cleaned via air filter 31 is introduced into engine 130.Muffler 41 is connected to engine 130.Fuel tank 14 is arranged on the top of engine 130.
Speed changer with multiple change-speed gearings is arranged on the rear of engine 130.By the driving force of engine 130 via Speed changer and chain 26 are delivered to trailing wheel 3.The change pedal 24 of the gear for changing speed changer is arranged on into a left side for speed changer Side.Pedal 23 is arranged on into the left side and right side of vehicle body frame 4.Pedal 23 is located at trailing wheel 3 slightly forward.The structure of pedal 23 Cause the pin for supporting the rider R for riding motorcycle.
Front shroud 15 is located at the top of front-wheel 2 and the front of handle 9R and 9L.Instrument pack 16 is located in the longitudinal direction Between front shroud 15 and handle 9R, 9L.The display surface of instrument pack 16 is configured to show speed, engine speed, car thereon State, operating range, clock time, time of measuring etc..
Engine unit 100 is described in detail hereinafter with reference to Fig. 2.In addition to engine 130, engine unit 100 is also Including intake channel component 110 and exhaust channel component 120.Intake channel component 110 and exhaust channel component 120 are connected to be sent out Motivation 130.Engine unit 100 also includes tank body 161 and ECU (Electronic Control Unit, electronic control unit) 150.Engine 130 is four-cycle, single-cylinder engine.In the engine 130, bent axle 134 (will be described below) is sent out at one Revolve in motivation circulation and take two turns.One cycle of engine include four strokes, i.e. induction stroke, compression stroke, combustion stroke and Exhaust stroke.ECU 150 includes such as CPU (Central Processing Unit, CPU), ROM (Read Only Memory, read-only storage), RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory) and ASIC Hardware such as (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, special ICs) and such as it is stored in ROM And/or the software such as the routine data in RAM.CPU performs various types of information processings based on softwares such as routine datas. The part of the output control engine 130 that ASIC is processed based on above- mentioned information.Using the construction, the control engines 130 of ECU 150 Part smoothly implementing aforementioned four stroke.
Engine 130 includes cylinder 131, piston 132 and bent axle 134.Piston 132 is arranged in cylinder 131.Bent axle 134 Piston 132 is connected to via connecting rod 133.Combustion chamber 130a is arranged in cylinder 131.Combustion chamber 130a by piston 132 appearance The internal face 131a of face 132a and cylinder 131 is formed.Combustion chamber 130a is the piston 132 at top dead centre in cylinder 131 The space that top is formed.Combustion chamber 130a makes intake channel 110a connect with exhaust channel 120a.Intake channel 110a be located at into In gas passage member 110, and exhaust channel 120a is located in exhaust channel component 120.Below description is based on following premise：Gas Space and intake channel 110a in cylinder 131 does not overlap each other；And the space in cylinder 131 and exhaust channel 120a are each other not Overlap.
Inlet valve 141 is arranged at the connected entrance between intake channel 110a and combustion chamber 130a.Exhaust valve 142 is arranged At the connected entrance between exhaust channel 120a and combustion chamber 130a.Engine 130 is provided with valve operating mechanism, the valve Operating mechanism is configured so that the mode that inlet valve 141 and exhaust valve 142 are associated with the motion of bent axle 134 is operated.Gas Door operating mechanism includes the components such as camshaft, rocking arm, rocker arm shaft.The power that these components will be produced by rotation bent axle 134 Pass to inlet valve 141 and exhaust valve 142.This configuration enables inlet valve 141 and exhaust valve 142 anti-at the appropriate moment Opening/closing corresponding connected entrance in intake channel 110a and exhaust channel 120a each between the 130a of combustion chamber is beaten again.Beat The moment of opening/closing valve is associated with four strokes for constituting a cycle of engine.Spark plug 143 is set to light in combustion Burn the air-fuel mixture in the 130a of room.The end of spark plug 143 is located in the 130a of combustion chamber.Spark plug 143 and ECU 150 electrical connections.ECU 150 is by the control igniting of spark plug 143.
Intake channel 110a is connected in the end of intake channel component 110 with combustion chamber 130a.Intake channel component 110 The other end be connected to air filter 31.Extraneous air is drawn through air filter 31.31 pairs of processes of air filter Its air is cleaned.The air for having cleaned via air filter 31 is introduced into air inlet passage member 110.From air Cleaner 31 introduces the air of air inlet passage member 110 and flows to engine 130 through throttle body 111.Throttle body 111 is formed A part for intake channel component 110.Throttle body 111 accommodates air throttle 112 in it so that its throttle opening is variable 's.Air throttle 112 is supported by throttle body 111 so that the aperture of the part in throttle body 111 of intake channel 110a Changed according to the throttle opening of air throttle 112.As the throttle opening of air throttle 112 changes, through throttle body 111 Air flow velocity change.Throttle body 111 is provided with motor, and the motor is configured to change the solar term of air throttle 112 Door aperture.The motor is electrically connected with ECU 150.ECU 150 is carried out to air throttle 112 by the degree that motor is rotated Control.Thus, ECU 150 controls from air filter 31 air that engine 130 is flowed into through intake channel component 110 Amount.As described above, the air throttle used in the present embodiment is by the driven type air throttle of motor-driven.Or, can be with Using mechanical throttle.Mechanical throttle is configured so that the operation of throttle grip (throttle grip) by transmission Mechanism passes to air throttle.
Intake channel component 110 is provided with fuel injector 144.Fuel injector 144 be configured to inject fuel into into In gas path 110a.Fuel injector 144 is connected to fuel tank 14 via fuel feed pipe 33.Fuel is passed through from fuel tank 14 Fuel feed pipe 33 is supplied to fuel injector 144.Fuel injector 144 is electrically connected with ECU 150.ECU 150 passes through fuel The control of injector 144 is injected fuel in intake channel 110a.
Exhaust channel 120a is connected in the end of exhaust channel component 120 with combustion chamber 130a.Exhaust channel component 120 The other end be connected to muffler 41.Waste gas from engine 130 is discharged into muffler 41 through exhaust channel component 120. Three-way catalyst is provided with exhaust channel 120a.The catalyst cleaning row that exhaust channel component 120 is flowed into from engine 130 Gas.Will be externally discharged through muffler 41 by catalyst cleaning exhaust.
Engine unit 100 is provided with various sensors.For example, throttle body 111 is provided with air inlet pressure sensor 151.Air inlet pressure sensor 151 detects the pressure in the part in the downstream positioned at air throttle 112 of intake channel 110a. Throttle body 111 is additionally provided with TPS 152, and the TPS 152 detects the section of air throttle 112 Valve opening.Bent axle 134 is provided with rpm speed probes 153, and the rpm speed probes 153 detect the rpm rotating speeds of bent axle 134 (revolution per minute).Rpm speed probes 153 also detect the position of bent axle 134.The testing result that will be obtained by sensor Signal transmission to ECU 150.ECU 150 controls the part of engine unit 100 based on the testing result by sensor passes Operation.
Engine unit 100 also includes tank body 161.Tank body 161 is arranged to the fuel by collecting in fuel tank 14 and steams Gas is discharged in air suppressing fuel vapo(u)r from fuel tank 14.Tank body 161 accommodates the adsorbents such as activated carbon in it. Tank body 161 is connected via breather pipe 162 with fuel tank 14.Fuel vapo(u)r in fuel tank 14 flows into tank body by breather pipe 162 161.It is introduced into the fuel vapo(u)r in tank body 161 to be adsorbed by the adsorbent in tank body 161.
Tank body 161 is also connected to intake channel component 110 via communication paths component 163.The inside of tank body 161 with connect Path 163a is connected, and communication paths 163a are arranged in communication paths component 163 in the end of communication paths component 163. The other end of communication paths component 163 is connected to downstream inlet passage portion 110d of intake channel component 110.Downstream inlet path Portion 110d is the part in the downstream positioned at air throttle 112 of intake channel component 110.Therefore
As shown in figure 3, connecting portion 113 is arranged to downstream inlet passage portion 110d.Communication paths component 163 is via connecting portion 113 are connected to downstream inlet passage portion 110d.The inside of connecting portion 113 has communication paths 113a.Connecting portion 113 is relative under On the outer surface of trip intake channel portion 110d outwardly or projection.Communication paths component 163 is fixed to via connection accessory 164 Connecting portion 113.The outer surface of connection accessory 164 and the inner surface of connecting portion 113 are formed with screw thread.When the threaded connection of formation When accessory 164 is screwed into the threaded portion of connecting portion 113, these components are fixed to one another.Communication paths 164a are arranged on connection and match somebody with somebody In part 164.Communication paths 163a in communication paths component 163 are logical with downstream inlet via communication paths 113a and 164a Intake channel 110a connections in road portion 110d.As a result, the inside of tank body 161 via communication paths 163a, 164a and 113a with The downstream inlet path 110x connections of intake channel 110a.Downstream inlet path 110x is entering positioned at downstream for intake channel 110a Part in gas passage portion 110d.The part that intake channel 110x is shown as being surrounded by double dot dash line is swum in figure 2 the lower.In order to Replace connecting portion 113 and connection accessory 164, it is possible to use not the connecting portion with threaded portion and connection accessory.For example, connection is matched somebody with somebody Part can be connector, and be inserted in the not connecting portion with threaded portion.In this case, connecting accessory can be with In being inserted into connecting portion so that the front end of connection accessory is projected in downstream inlet path 110x.Or so that connection accessory Front end is not protruded in downstream inlet path 110x.Or, connect accessory front end can with downstream inlet path 110x in Wall is concordant.
Magnetic valve 170 arranges the mid portion to communication paths component 163.As shown in Fig. 4 (a), magnetic valve 170 includes： Housing 171, core body 172, plunger 173, coil 174, valve body 175 and spring 176.Housing 171 is fixed to communication paths component 163.Core body 172 is arranged in housing 171.Additionally, communication paths 163x are arranged in housing 171.Communication paths 163x bend Into Ω (ohm) shape.Communication paths 163x are a parts for communication paths 163a.Communication paths 163x include opening 163y. In Fig. 4 (a), spring 176 to valve body 175 is biased downward so that when coil 174 is flow through without electric current, valve body 175 makes opening 163y remains closing.Valve body 175 is fixed to the front end of plunger 173.Valve body 175 shown in Fig. 4 (a) closes opening 163y State be hereinafter referred to as closed mode.Under in off position, fuel vapo(u)r cannot be from tank body 161 through communication paths 163a flow to downstream inlet passage portion 110d.
In the figure, in response to the flowing of the electric current through coil 174, plunger 173 is moved upwards.Valve body 175 resists bullet The biasing force of spring 176 and move upwardly together with plunger 173.Therefore, magnetic valve 170 is switched to the state shown in Fig. 4 (b). Hereinafter the state is referred to as into " open mode ".When magnetic valve 170 is in open mode, valve body 175 opens opening 163y.This Fuel vapo(u)r is allowed to flow to downstream inlet passage portion 110d through communication paths 163a from tank body 161.
Magnetic valve 170 is changeable between open mode and closed mode under the control of ECU 150.Hereinafter, will Magnetic valve 170 is set to be referred to as " making operation " from the operation that closed mode is switched to open mode under the control of ECU 150.Together When, magnetic valve 170 will be made under the control of ECU 150 to be referred to as " disconnecting behaviour from the operation that open mode is switched to closed mode Make ".
Magnetic valve 170 is switched to into open mode so that building between the inside of tank body 161 and downstream inlet path 110x Vertical connection.Meanwhile, pressure is delivered to downstream inlet path 110x from combustion chamber 130a.For example, in the intake stroke or entering During gas stroke, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x is less than in most cases atmospheric pressure.If in induction stroke Middle magnetic valve 170 in the open mode, then subatmospheric pressure from downstream inlet path 110x through communication paths 163a is delivered to tank body 161.Therefore, the fuel vapo(u)r in tank body 161 flows into downstream inlet path through communication paths 163a 110x.The fuel vapo(u)r for having flowed into downstream inlet path 110x also flows into combustion chamber 130a.Introduce the fuel of combustion chamber 130a Steam is lighted in the 130a of combustion chamber.Therefore, the fuel vapo(u)r in tank body 161 is introduced into combustion chamber 130a, and which reduces Discharge of the fuel vapo(u)r in tank body 161 to air.
Now, in the field of automobile (four-wheel-type vehicle), following technology is known.Valve is arranged to making fuel vapo(u)r from tank Body introduces the path that gas handling system is passed through.The fuel vapo(u)r amount that introduce gas handling system can be controlled from tank body by the valve.This Inventor carries out finding following facts after technical research.If will without change be applied to riding for the above-mentioned technology of automobile Widely used engine unit in ride type vehicle, then it is unfavorable to cause.That is, existing can not make desired fuel vapo(u)r amount The possibility of combustion chamber is introduced from tank body.Thus, the present inventor has found to guarantee to make desired burning vapor amount from tank through great efforts Body introduces the technology of combustion chamber.Used as the result concentrated on studies, the present inventor draws following configuration.
First, present inventor has performed configuration so that from opening 163y to downstream inlet path 110x for steam combustion Half of the volume of the path of material less than the capacity of engine 130.Opening 163y can be entered by the valve body 175 of magnetic valve 170 Row is closed.Above-mentioned path is the path surrounded by the double dot dash line in Fig. 3.The path that double dot dash line in Fig. 3 is surrounded by Following part is formed：A part for communication paths 163a；Communication paths 113a；With communication paths 164a.Communication paths 163a The one end for being connected to connection accessory 164 of the part from opening 163y to path 163a.The capacity of engine 130 be equal to The difference of lower volume：The volume in the space of the top of the piston 132 at lower dead center in cylinder 131；The appearance of combustion chamber 130 Product.
Additionally, the present inventor draws the control method with regard to magnetic valve 170.The control method is carried out with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 Description.
Each line segment L1 in Fig. 5 shows that inlet valve 141 opens duration section in four-stroke cycle.Each Line segment L2 shows that exhaust valve 142 opens duration section in four-stroke cycle.Curve P1 and P2 are shown in downstream Pressure change in intake channel 110x.The numerical value drawn on abscissa in Figure 5 represents the crankangle in units of degree. In the embodiment, 0 degree of crankangle is corresponding to from the time for opening the moment of inlet valve 141 to the moment for closing exhaust valve 142 The moment of the about intermediate point of section.The longitudinal axis in Fig. 5 represents pressure value, for illustrating the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x The curve map of change.
Curve P1 is represented in bent axle 134 with the pressure change under conditions of the rotation of predetermined rpm rotating speeds.Curve P2 represent with Pressure change under the conditions of lower：The throttle opening of air throttle 112 is identical with the throttle opening for curve P1；And bent axle 134 with the high rpm rotating speeds rotation of the rpm rotating speeds than curve P1.As shown in curve P1 and P2, in downstream inlet path 110x In short period of the pressure after inlet valve 141 is started to open in start from air drops.For curve P1, pressure exists About touch the bottom or minimum of a value at the crankangle of 180 degree, then transfer to rise.After inlet valve 141 is closed, pressure exists The vicinity of atmospheric pressure is returned at about 360 degree of crankangle.Then, pressure slightly about fluctuates and gradually in atmospheric pressure Become substantially constant.Simultaneously for curve P2, when pressure touch the bottom at about 200 degree of crankangle or minimum of a value it Afterwards, pressure returns to atmospheric pressure in the gentler mode of the pressure change than curve P1.Additionally, the minimum pressure in curve P2 Value is less than the minimum pressure values in curve P1.
Accordingly, in response to the opening and closing of inlet valve 141, in each four-stroke cycle successively or order produce with it is big Air pressure differs larger larger pressure drop (depression) and less less pressure drop is differed with atmospheric pressure.In curve P1 and P2 In, larger pressure drop is occurred in around from 180 degree to 200 degree of scope.In curve P1, less pressure drop occur in from 360 degree to Around 720 degree of scope, and less pressure drop is occurred in around the scope from 540 degree to 720 degree in curve P2.In four strokes When circulation is repeated, above-mentioned pressure change is repeatedly produced in downstream inlet path 110x.Therefore, pressure is according to pushing The mode of power change changes：Larger pressure drop and less pressure drop are iteratively produced on the basis of four strokes.This pressure can To observe in widely used engine unit in four stroke Straddle riding type vehicles.From curve P1 to the skew of curve P2 by song The rpm rotating speeds increase of axle is caused, as mentioned above.In the case where the rpm rotating speeds of bent axle are not changed, when reduction air throttle 112 During throttle opening, curve P1 also can offset in an identical manner.That is, the throttle opening of air throttle 112 is less, pressure change Amount is bigger.
The present inventor expects the following methods for controlling magnetic valve 170 by ECU 150：Control magnetic valve 170 with it is upper State pressure and switch over operation in association, the above-mentioned pressure is wide in four stroke Straddle riding type vehicles Observe in the general engine unit for using.Note, " with pressure in association " to be referred to and produce institute with reference to pressure drop Moment controlling handover operation.
More specifically, the present inventor uses the control method based on the time figure line C1 to C3 in the bottom of Fig. 5.Figure line C1 to C3 corresponds to control method different from each other.Any one in control method based on figure line C1 to C3 can serve as leading to Cross methods of the ECU 150 to control valve.Or, it is possible to use any two or more controlling parties based on figure line C1 to C3 The combination of method.In each of figure line C1 to C3, in Figure 5 the line at the horizontal line for indicating " opening " represents magnetic valve 170 are in open mode duration section.The line indicated at the horizontal line of " closing " is located in Fig. 5 and represents magnetic valve 170 It is closed duration section.
In each based on the control method of figure line C1 to C3, perform in each four-stroke cycle and once connect behaviour Each of work and opening operation.Making operation is the operation that magnetic valve 170 is switched to open mode from closed mode.It is disconnected It is the operation that magnetic valve 170 is switched to closed mode from open mode to open operation.As the result of aforesaid operations, each four In stroke cycle, when magnetic valve 170 is in open mode, fuel vapo(u)r flows into downstream inlet path from communication paths 163a 110x.Hereinafter magnetic valve 170 can be referred to as " during the opening of magnetic valve 170 in open mode duration section Between section ".In the moment that the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 can pass through change making operation and opening operation at least One is being adjusted.
In the present embodiment, the moment of making operation is fixed in four-stroke cycle.The opening time of magnetic valve 170 The length of section is adjusted by changing the moment of opening operation.Now, the making operation in each four-stroke cycle and disconnected The moment for opening operation is represented with the crankangle from 0 degree to 720 degree.As shown in figure 5, in each four-stroke cycle, in figure line The moment T1 of the making operation in C1 is at 660 degree of crankangle.In the middle of all of four-stroke cycle, the moment of making operation All same.Making operation in figure line C1 be timed in will in each cycle inlet valve 141 open moment before.Air inlet The moment that door 141 is opened is represented by the left end of each line segment L1 in Figure 5.The moment of the making operation in figure line C2 is every In individual four-stroke cycle at 90 degree of crankangle.Making operation in figure line C2 is timed the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x During power declines and before pressure reaches minimum of a value.The moment of the making operation in figure line C3 is in each four-stroke cycle In at 270 degree of crankangle.Making operation in figure line C3 is timed the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x and reaches minimum After value and during pressure rise to atmospheric pressure.
Each of figure line C1 to C3 in Fig. 5 shows that the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 is corresponded to The situation that the half of the length of the time period of four-stroke cycle is located.In other words, it is assumed that corresponding to the time period of four-stroke cycle Length be 100%, then in each of figure line C1 to C3 in Figure 5, the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 is 50%.Hereinafter, when the length in the opening time section by magnetic valve 170 is expressed as percentage, the premise of the expression is right Should be 100% in the length of the time period of four-stroke cycle.
The length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 is adjusted by changing the moment of opening operation.For example, in figure line In C1, the moment of opening operation can be from (300 degree) changes of T2 to T3 (120 degree).Thus, the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 Length change to 25% from 50%.In figure line C1, in each four-stroke cycle, opening operation is first carried out, is then held Row making operation.In contrast, in figure line C2 and C3, in each four-stroke cycle, making operation is first carried out, is then held Row opening operation.Therefore, making operation is performed in what order in each four-stroke cycle and opening operation is unimportant.
The above-mentioned moment (crankangle) of making operation and opening operation is based on by detected by rpm speed probes 153 The crank position of bent axle 134 is controlled.
Now, according to considered based on the control method of figure line C1 to C3 from communication paths 163a flow into downstream inlet path The fuel vapo(u)r amount of 110x.The fuel vapo(u)r amount being introduced into is depended in the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 and in downstream inlet The relation between pressure in path 110x.For example, in figure line C1, the time period from T1 to T2 is the opening of magnetic valve 170 Time period.Within the time period, produce in both curve P1 and P2 and relatively large larger pressure drop is differed with atmospheric pressure, such as Shown in the part surrounded by the double dot dash line A1 in Fig. 5.During this period, fuel vapo(u)r flows into downstream inlet from communication paths 163a Path 110x, fuel vapo(u)r amount changes with the change of pressure drop size.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the moment of opening operation is variable.When the time changing of opening operation, Relation between the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 and the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x changes.For example, it is assumed that in figure In line C1, the moment of opening operation changes to T3 from T2 (referring to the dotted line shown in figure line C1).By the change, magnetic valve 170 The length of opening time section change to 25% from 50%.Then, the expression of curve P1 and P2 each beating in magnetic valve 170 A part for produced larger pressure drop is changed into by double dot dash line from the part surrounded by double dot dash line A1 during ETAD expected time of arrival and departure section The part that A2 is surrounded.Therefore, the fuel vapo(u)r amount for flowing into downstream inlet path 110x from communication paths 163a is reduced.
Therefore, in the control method based on figure line C1 to C3 included by the control method in the present embodiment, the energy of ECU 150 Enough change the moment of opening operation, and fix the moment of making operation.Thus, in these control methods, grasp connection Work is synchronously performed with four-stroke cycle (four stroke interval sections).Statement " synchronous with four-stroke cycle " is referred in each four punching The moment of the operation in Cheng Xunhuan all same in the middle of each four-stroke cycle.It is disconnected in each four-stroke cycle by changing Open the moment of operation, the relation between the opening time section and the pressure change in each four-stroke cycle of magnetic valve 170 is sent out Changing.Or, configuration contrary to the above can be adopted：The moment of opening operation can be synchronous with four-stroke cycle, and connects The moment of logical operation is variable.Can be by the opening time section of this configuration change magnetic valve 170.
The fuel vapo(u)r amount for flowing into downstream inlet path 110x from communication paths 163a can be by changing in the above described manner The opening time section of magnetic valve 170 is adjusted.The control method of the present embodiment causes from communication paths 163a inflow downstream to enter The fuel vapo(u)r amount of gas path 110x is not unlikely desirably changed, unless the pressure change side in each four-stroke cycle Formula significantly changes.
For example, in figure line C1, it is assumed that the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 is fixed as 50%.In this case, curve The part of the produced larger pressure drop during the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 of the expression of P1 is by the double dot dash line in Fig. 5 The part that A1 and A1 ' are surrounded.Contrast between the part surrounded by double dot dash line A1 and A1 ' by curve P1 can be seen Go out, the pressure between these parts does not have substantial difference.That is, if opening time section is fixed, Unless pressure significantly changes, otherwise the relation between the opening time section and pressure change of magnetic valve 170 less may be used Can change.Therefore, the fuel vapo(u)r amount for flowing into downstream inlet path 110x from communication paths 163a unlikely changes.
Meanwhile, if the transport condition of motorcycle 1 changes, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x also can Change.For example, if engine 130 rpm rotating speeds change, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x from Mode shown in curve P1 changes into the mode shown in curve P2.Thus, for example, under the control based on figure line C1, even if electric The opening time section of magnet valve 170 is fixed, but the change of rpm rotating speeds can cause from communication paths 163a inflow downstream inlet path The difference of the fuel vapo(u)r amount of 110x.Specifically, engine 130 with curve P1 rpm rotating speeds traveling situation with start Machine 130 is so that between the situation of the rpm rotating speeds traveling in curve P2, fuel vapo(u)r amount has differences.And, the rpm of engine 130 Rotation speed change also causes the air capacity of flowing in combustion chamber 130a to change.Therefore, the change of rpm rotating speeds causes the inflow of fuel vapo(u)r The change of the influx of amount and air.This changes air-fuel of the fuel vapo(u)r to the air-fuel mixture in the 130a of combustion chamber The influence degree of ratio.For this purpose, introducing fuel vapor into may hinder in the 130a of combustion chamber the air-fuel in the 130a of combustion chamber Mixture is stably burnt with desired air-fuel ratio.
Therefore, in order that the fuel stabilization in the 130a of combustion chamber burns, the ECU 150 of the present embodiment is configured to introducing The fuel vapo(u)r amount of combustion chamber 130a is controlled as follows.ECU 150 controls the opening of magnetic valve 170 based on following detected value The length of time period.Detected value is：The detected value of the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130；And pressure in downstream inlet path 110x The detected value of the throttle opening of detected value or air throttle 112.The detection that these detected values are obtained by sensor 151 to 153 As a result obtaining.Determined based on transport condition using the detected value (detected value and solar term of pressure in downstream inlet path 110x Door 112 throttle openings detected value) in which.For example, when the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 are relatively low, it is possible to use The detected value of pressure in downstream inlet path 110x, and when the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 are higher, it is possible to use air throttle The detected value of 112 throttle openings.Each detected value for control can be value detected within a predetermined period of time Mean value.Or, the value being periodically detected can be used for the control.The frequency of this detection can be every four-stroke cycle Once, or for multiple four-stroke cycles once.
ECU 150 performs control so that the influx of the fuel vapo(u)r of each four-stroke cycle and the sky for sucking engine The ratio of tolerance meets the relation shown in Fig. 6 (a).Note, the air capacity of suction engine can be referred to as " engine charge Amount ".Air input of engine by air equivalent to the present invention in " the introducing air capacity of combustion chamber ".The abscissa of the curve map in Fig. 6 (a) Represent air input of engine by air.Air input of engine by air is the air capacity of every four-stroke cycle flowing in combustion chamber 130a.The air capacity can To be obtained by values below：The rpm rotating speeds of engine 130；And air throttle 112 throttle opening or in downstream inlet path Pressure in 110x.The ordinate of the curve map in Fig. 6 (a) represents the ratio of the influx of fuel vapo(u)r and air input of engine by air Rate.Hereinafter, the ratio is referred to as into " fuel vapo(u)r ratio ".Fuel vapo(u)r ratio is that every four-stroke cycle flows from communication paths 163a Enter the fuel vapo(u)r amount of downstream inlet path 110x and the percentage of air input of engine by air.
As shown in Fig. 6 (a), when air input of engine by air is less than the first value q1, be controlled such that fuel vapo(u)r ratio with The increase of air input of engine by air and simply increase.Air input of engine by air is bigger, introduces the fuel vapo(u)r of combustion chamber 130a to combustion The impact of material burning is less.Therefore, by making the fuel vapo(u)r amount of introducing combustion chamber 130a with the increase of air input of engine by air And increase, impact while making larger fuel vapo(u)r amount introduce combustion chamber 130a to fuel combustion is less.When engine enters When tolerance is more than the first value q1, it is controlled such that fuel vapo(u)r ratio keeps constant at predetermined value R%.This is because, if The percentage of fuel vapo(u)r amount and air input of engine by air is more than R%, the burning being just difficult to control in engine 130.When starting When machine air inflow further increases (for example, when air input of engine by air exceedes second value q2 bigger than the first value q1), fuel steams Gas ratio reduces with the increase of air input of engine by air.This is because, if air input of engine by air exceedes second value q2, even if electric The length of the opening time section of magnet valve 170 is set to 100%, and fuel vapo(u)r can be with the increase of air input of engine by air than also Reduce.The reason for fuel vapo(u)r is than reducing is as follows.When air input of engine by air increases under constant rpm rotating speeds, enter in downstream Pressure in gas path 110x reduces with the pressure reduction of atmospheric pressure.Pressure reduction reduces so that fuel vapo(u)r difficultly flows into downstream inlet path 110x.This causes the increment of the influx of fuel vapo(u)r less than the increment of air input of engine by air.
In order to fuel vapo(u)r ratio is adjusted to meet the relation shown in Fig. 6 (a), it is necessary to will fire relative to air input of engine by air The introduction volume of material steam is controlled at desired value.The fuel vapo(u)r amount of downstream inlet path 110x is flow to from communication paths 163a Depending on the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.Then, the controls of ECU 150 magnetic valve 170 so that magnetic valve 170 is beaten The length of ETAD expected time of arrival and departure section changes according to the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x, so as to meet the relation shown in Fig. 6 (b). For example, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x is corresponding to the value by detected by air inlet pressure sensor 151.Such as Fig. 6 (b) It is shown, the length of the opening time section of electromagnetic valve for adjusting 170 so that when the pressure near atmospheric in downstream inlet path 110x The length increases during pressure.By making beating for magnetic valve 170 when the pressures near atmospheric power in downstream inlet path 110x The length of ETAD expected time of arrival and departure section increases, it is ensured that the expectation influx of fuel vapo(u)r.
As described below, the ECU 150 of the present embodiment is configured in air input of engine by air and fuel vapo(u)r ratio is not calculated Any one in the case of control magnetic valve 170 opening time section length.ECU 150 includes memory cell.Storage is single Unit stores wherein：With regard to the information of the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170；And with regard to the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 With the information of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.These data entries are relative to each other.The memory cell of ECU 150 is at it In also store：With regard to the information of the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170；And with regard to the rpm rotating speeds and section of engine 130 The information of the throttle opening of valve 112.These data entries are relative to each other.These data entries phase each other in the following manner Close：So that when ECU 150 based on the information and detected value of storage to control magnetic valve 170 when the controls that carried out of ECU 150 expire Relation shown in sufficient Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b).ECU 150 obtains the length of the opening time section with regard to magnetic valve 170 from memory cell The information of degree.The data entries are obtained based on values below：The detected value of the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130；And enter in downstream The detected value of the detected value of the pressure in gas path 110x or the throttle opening of air throttle 112.ECU 150 controls magnetic valve 170 handover operation so that the length of the opening time section of the magnetic valve 170 in each four-stroke cycle is equal to by from storage The length represented by information obtained in unit.In the present embodiment, as described above, being based on figure line C1 to C3, in each four punching The moment of opening operation is adjusted in Cheng Xunhuan, and fixes the moment of making operation.
Fig. 7 is illustrated under the control based on the magnetic valve 170 of figure line C1 to C3, the change of the influx of fuel vapo(u)r Curve map, wherein, function of the influx as the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170.Curve Q1 is illustrated in air throttle 112 throttle opening is relatively small or in the case that rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 are of a relatively high, based on figure line C1 to C3 Control under fuel vapo(u)r inflow amount change.When the throttle opening of air throttle 112 is relatively small or rpm of engine When rotating speed is of a relatively high, such as shown in the curve P2 in Fig. 5, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x is when four-stroke Between be generally maintained at subatmospheric in section.Therefore, no matter based on figure line C1 to C3 in any one control, fuel vapo(u)r Influx substantially linearly increases with the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170, as shown in curve Q1.
Meanwhile, when the throttle opening of air throttle 112 is relatively large or rpm rotating speeds of engine are relatively low, combustion It is different based on which one in figure line C1 to C3 that the increase mode of the influx of material steam depends on control.Curve Q2 is illustrated When the throttle opening of air throttle 112 is relatively large or rpm rotating speeds of engine are relatively low, in the control based on figure line C1 The change of the influx of the fuel vapo(u)r under system.Curve Q2 illustrated in the gamut from 0% to 100%, fuel vapo(u)r Influx increases basicly stablely.However, linear degree of the linear degree of the increase of curve Q2 not as the increase of curve Q1.And And, the difference of the influx between curve Q1 and Q2 is less.Curve Q3 and Q4 are shown respectively when the throttle opening of air throttle 112 When relatively large or engine rpm rotating speeds are relatively low, the stream of the fuel vapo(u)r under the control based on figure line C2 and C3 Enter the change of amount.As illustrated by these curves, under the control based on figure line C2 or C3, the influx of fuel vapo(u)r 0% to It is less than the influx in the case of shown in curve Q1 and Q2 in the overwhelming majority in the range of 100%.And, the increase of influx Mode less stable.
The original of the difference between the curve for illustrating the change of influx of fuel vapo(u)r caused by the change of rpm rotating speeds Because as follows.For example, as shown in curve P1 and P2 in Fig. 5, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x is according to rpm Rotating speed and change.Particularly under the control based on figure line C2 and C3, making operation is timed in downstream inlet path 110x Pressure start to decline to a great extent to below atmospheric pressure after.As shown in figure 5, the pressure change caused due to the difference of rpm rotating speeds The difference of mode mainly appears on the time after the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x reaches the moment that its minimum of a value is located Section.For this purpose, under the control based on figure line C2 and C3, the difference of rpm rotating speeds causes the larger difference of the influx of fuel vapo(u)r. Meanwhile, the making operation in figure line C1 be timed in will inlet valve 141 open before.That is, for both curve P1 and P2, Making operation in figure line C1 is timed the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x and starts to decline to a great extent to below atmospheric pressure it Not long ago.For this purpose, under the control based on figure line C1, the difference of rpm rotating speeds causes the smaller difference of the influx of fuel vapo(u)r.
Therefore, figure line C1 is suitable to control the influx of fuel vapo(u)r.In figure line C1, making operation is timed in will be Before inlet valve 141 is opened.Also make to be come into force based on the control of figure line C1 at the following moment.Cut from closed mode in inlet valve 141 After changing to open mode, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x begins to decline.In view of the foregoing, in inlet valve 141 Before the time period of closing terminates, magnetic valve 170 is opened in advance.This enables fuel vapo(u)r in response in intake channel 110a In pressure begin to decline and promptly from tank body 161 flow into downstream inlet path 110x.Note, making operation moment and Certain hour delay is there may be between the moment for opening inlet valve 141.For example, as long as the moment of making operation is in inlet valve In the second half section of the time period of 141 closures, the moment of making operation just can be before the moment in figure line C1.
Magnetic valve 170 can be controlled according to the air input of engine by air calculated based on detected value.Detected value is：Engine The detected value of 130 rpm rotating speeds；And the detected value or the section of air throttle 112 of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x The detected value of valve opening.For example, ECU 150 can be constructed as follows.The storage unit stores therein of ECU 150 represents figure The data of the curve map of 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b).ECU 150 calculates air input of engine by air using detected value.Then, ECU 150 joins The fuel vapo(u)r ratio corresponding with the air input of engine by air for thus calculating is obtained according to the curve map of Fig. 6 (a).Then, ECU 150 The electromagnetism corresponding with the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x estimated by detected value is obtained with reference to the curve map of Fig. 6 (b) The length of the opening time section of valve 170.And, length of the ECU 150 based on the opening time section of thus obtained magnetic valve 170 Carry out switching solenoid valve 170.
It should be noted that the curve map of Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b) is referenced ideal example in the control of ECU 150. It is only preferred to implement control in the way of to meet the relation shown in these curve maps as far as possible.Note, the control is not Must be embodied as making control result strictly meet the relation shown in these figures.
It is different from the situation for Straddle riding type vehicle place being without change applied to for the configuration of automobile, according to above-mentioned reality Example is applied, desired burning vapor amount can be made to introduce combustion chamber 130.The original for introducing desired burning vapor amount explained below Cause.
The pressure drop that the present inventor will produce in the intake channel in the widely used engine unit in Straddle riding type vehicle Compare with the pressure drop in widely used engine unit in the car.As the result for comparing, human hair of the present invention It is existing to there is following difference between Straddle riding type vehicle and automobile.In the car in widely used some engines, such as by setting Put the surge tank in air throttle downstream to suppress the pressure change in downstream inlet passage portion.Additionally, with independent section In the engine unit of the automobile of valve body, for example by one or more connecting pipelines are set with downstream inlet passage portion it Between set up connection to suppress each cylinder in pressure change.In this case, in (one or more) downstream inlet path Pressure in portion is relatively stable.Thus, when communication paths are set with tank body and (one or more) downstream inlet passage portion it Between set up connection when, the pressure in communication paths is also relatively stable.This makes it easy to lead to through the communication paths introducing air inlet The burning vapor amount on road is stablized.
In contrast, in the motorcycle 1 of the example as Straddle riding type vehicle, in downstream inlet path 110x base is produced In four-stroke larger negative pressure variation.This is illustrated by the curve P1 and P2 in Fig. 5.In these cases, as vapour In the prior art of car, it is assumed that make fuel vapo(u)r be provided with being introduced into the path that downstream inlet path is passed through from tank body with compared with The casing of big volume.This pressure in causing for being introduced into the path of fuel vapo(u)r is difficult to copy rapidly in downstream inlet path Pressure change.It was found that above-mentioned configuration may cause the moment that fuel vapo(u)r introduces downstream inlet path to produce delay, therefore deposit In the possibility that can not introduce desired fuel vapo(u)r amount.
In order to solve this problem, in the present embodiment, there is above-mentioned pressure change premised on (more precisely, profit With pressure change) adjusting the introduction volume of fuel vapo(u)r.Namely be based on pressures below variation pattern to control magnetic valve 170：Each Generation in four-stroke cycle differs less less differential pressure with atmospheric pressure and larger larger differential pressure is differed with atmospheric pressure；And compared with Small pressure difference and larger differential pressure are repeatedly produced based on four strokes.Specifically, with according to pressures below variation pattern in association Perform the control of the handover operation of magnetic valve 170：Produce in each four-stroke cycle and less less pressure is differed with atmospheric pressure Larger larger pressure drop is dropped and is differed with atmospheric pressure；And repeatedly produce less pressure drop and larger pressure drop based on four strokes.
Meanwhile, related with above-mentioned pressure (wherein, pressure significantly changes in each four-stroke cycle) In the control of the magnetic valve 170 of connection, the pressure change in communication paths 163a must promptly follow the operation of valve.If even All road has larger capacity from magnetic valve 170 to a part of intake channel 110a, then in communication paths 163a Pressure be difficult to rapidly react the pressure change in downstream inlet path 110x.Because pressure change can not be abided by rapidly The operation of magnetic valve 170 is followed, therefore this may cause the moment for making fuel vapo(u)r introduce combustion chamber 130a to postpone.
In order to solve the above problems, following configuration is carried out in this embodiment.In order to realize that the height for as above requiring can be abided by Control in the property followed, magnetic valve 170 (valve body 175) is arranged so that from opening 163y to downstream inlet path 110x for firing Half of the capacity of the path of material steam less than the capacity of engine 130.Above-mentioned path is wrapped by the double dot dash line in Fig. 3 The path for enclosing.Because the capacity as above from downstream inlet path 110x to the path of opening 163y is less, therefore make Pressure change in downstream inlet path 110x is delivered to opening 163y within the shorter time.This promotes the behaviour of magnetic valve 170 Make and the smooth association between pressure change, and reduce the delay at the moment for making fuel vapo(u)r introduce combustion chamber 130a.Pass through Above-mentioned configuration, in the engine 100 that pressure change significantly changes place based on four strokes, realizing steams desired fuel Tolerance introduces combustion chamber 130a.
In the present embodiment, in the control of the magnetic valve 170 being associated with pressure, magnetic valve 170 is made Making operation moment it is synchronous with four-stroke cycle in the case of, the moment of the opening operation of electromagnetic valve for adjusting 170.This is caused The length of the time period of open mode can be in electromagnetic valve for adjusting 170.Thus, with based on four-stroke pressure phase Associatedly control magnetic valve 170.This configuration causes to enter from communication paths 163a introducing downstream in each four-stroke cycle The fuel vapo(u)r amount of gas path 110x is more easily controlled in aspiration level.
It should be noted that the moment of making operation can be changed as follows.It is specifically, not synchronous with four-stroke cycle, But the moment of making operation can shift to an earlier date as the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 increase.In other words, making operation institute is performed Crankangle can with rpm rotating speeds increase and reduce.Fuel vapo(u)r it is actual start from communication paths 163a flow into downstream There is shorter time delay between the moment of intake channel 110x and the moment of making operation.Meanwhile, when rpm rotating speeds increase When, the absolute growth of the time period of four-stroke cycle reduces.Therefore, when rpm rotating speeds increase, the moment of making operation and fuel Time delay between the moment that steam begins to flow into increases relative to the length of the time period of four-stroke cycle.In order to solve this Individual problem, when rpm rotating speeds increase, the moment of the making operation in each four-stroke cycle can be in advance.This is caused by above-mentioned The impact that time delay is caused reduces.
As described above, being controlled based on the crank position (crankangle) of the bent axle 134 detected by rpm speed probes 153 Turn-on operates the moment with opening operation.However, it is possible to be based on the testing result obtained by the grade of air inlet pressure sensor 151 To perform making operation and opening operation.I.e., it is possible to perform these behaviour at the corresponding moment with being directly associated to pressure change Make, wherein, these pressure changes are produced and by admission pressure in each four-stroke cycle in downstream inlet path 110x The grade of sensor 151 is detected.
The control method in addition to the control method based on figure line C1 to C3 is described hereinafter with reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.In Fig. 8 In Fig. 9, curve P3 is shown under conditions of the rpm invariablenes turning speeds of engine 130, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x How power changes.As curve P1 and P2, curve P3 is also shown for pressure so that larger pressure drop and less pressure Drop is based on four strokes repeatedly.
In the above-mentioned control method based on figure line C1 to C3, a magnetic valve 170 is performed in each four-stroke cycle Making operation and each of opening operation.Additionally, in the control method of the figure line C4 to C6 in based on Fig. 8, every Each of two or more times making operation and opening operation are performed in individual four-stroke cycle.Figure line C4 is shown each The situation at each of a making operation and opening operation place is performed in individual stroke interval section.Figure line C5 and C6 each All illustrate each of a making operation and opening operation of execution in each two stroke interval section.Such as these table institutes Show, can in association control magnetic valve 170 with a stroke interval section or two stroke interval sections.It should be noted that with one Stroke interval section or two associated controls of stroke interval section are included in the control being associated with four-stroke cycle.That is, exist In the control being associated with four-stroke cycle, control is further subdivided in each stroke interval section or in each two stroke Between control in section.Therefore, it is included in based on the control method of figure line C4 to C6 and is based on four-stroke pressure phase In the control of association.
In the control based on figure line C4, the moment of making operation can be with a stroke interval segment sync.In other words, exist The moment of the making operation in each stroke interval section can be identical in the middle of each stroke interval section.Additionally, In the control based on figure line C5 or C6, the moment of making operation can be with two stroke interval segment syncs.In other words, per two The moment of the making operation in individual stroke interval section can be identical in the middle of each two stroke interval sections.Work as making operation Moment and a stroke interval section or during two stroke interval segment syncs (as described above), by the moment of change opening operation To change the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170.Or, as moment and a stroke interval section or two of opening operation During stroke interval segment sync, the length of the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 can be changed by the moment of change making operation. Furthermore it is possible to the control being associated with two stroke interval sections is carried out, as shown in figure line C6.That is, from making operation to disconnection behaviour The time period of work can be across the border between two strokes.
Figure line C7 shown in Fig. 9 show with corresponding to two four-stroke cycles (rather than a four-stroke cycle) when Between the associated control of section.That is, figure line C7 shows the control being associated with eight stroke interval sections.Figure line C8 and C9 each Show the control associated with the time period (that is, 12 stroke interval sections) corresponding to three four-stroke cycles.Therefore, may be used To be controlled in association with n stroke interval section, wherein, n is 4 multiple.Under the control, in n stroke interval Section four-stroke cycle in introduce fuel vapor into downstream inlet path 110x, wherein, n is 4 multiple, but remaining (one It is individual or multiple) fuel vapo(u)r is not introduced in four-stroke cycle.Introducing each of four-stroke cycle that fuel vapo(u)r is located In, magnetic valve 170 is controlled in association with the pressure in each four-stroke cycle.
Figure line C10 shows the example of the control associated but not synchronous with four-stroke cycle with four-stroke cycle.As schemed Shown in line C10, the moment of making operation and opening operation is not synchronous with four-stroke cycle.Therefore, the statement in the present invention " with ... it is associated " include the synchronous situation at place of the moment of operation and four-stroke cycle and the moment of operation and four strokes Circulate the situation at asynchronous place.For example, it is assumed that expecting to be introduced into downstream inlet path 110x's in each four-stroke cycle Fuel vapo(u)r amount is maintained at aspiration level.In this case, the opening time section of magnetic valve 170 need not be followed in all four strokes It is identical in ring.As shown in figure line C10, as long as meeting following condition, opening time section can in all four-stroke cycles To differ.That is, the control of making operation and opening operation as magnetic valve 170 be based on four-stroke pressure change The associated result of mode, it is only necessary to protect the fuel vapo(u)r amount that downstream inlet path 110x is introduced in each four-stroke cycle Hold as desired value.
[second embodiment]
Described below as the second embodiment of the additional embodiment of the present invention.Some parts in a second embodiment It is identical with those parts in the first embodiment.Below description relate generally in a second embodiment with first embodiment In the different part of those parts.Additionally, being presented with like reference characters and those part phases in the first embodiment Same part, and in due course the descriptions thereof are omitted.
In a second embodiment, arrange ECU 250 to replace the ECU 150 of first embodiment.ECU 250 is configured to control Each part of the motorcycle relevant with second embodiment.Except the part correlation different from those parts in first embodiment Control outside, by ECU 250 carry out control it is similar to the control carried out by ECU 150.
Additionally, in a second embodiment, arrange choke valve 270 to replace the magnetic valve 170 of first embodiment.Such as Figure 10 A shown in (), choke valve 270 includes：Housing 271, stepper motor 272, armature spindle 273, valve body 275 and spring 276.Housing 271 It is fixed to communication paths component 163.Stepper motor 272 is arranged in housing 271.Additionally, communication paths 163x are arranged on housing In 271.Communication paths 163x are made to be bent into Ω (ohm) shape.Communication paths 163x are a parts for communication paths 163a.In figure In 10 (a), spring 276 to valve body 275 is biased down.Valve body 275 has leading section 275a.In Figure 10 (a), leading section 275a Towards the frusto-conical that its lower end attenuates.In the state of shown in Figure 10 (a), the leading section 275a of valve body 275 is completely closed Opening 163y.Opening 163y is included in communication paths 163x.Valve body 275 has screwed hole 275b.In Figure 10 (a), rotor Axle 273 is inserted from above in screwed hole 275b.Armature spindle 273 has threaded portion 273a in its front end.Threaded portion 273a It is threaded into hole 275b.
Stepper motor 272 is configured to rotate armature spindle 273.Stepper motor 272 can in a stepwise manner control armature spindle 273 corner.Valve body 275 has limiting unit 275c.Limiting unit 275c from the main body of valve body 275 outwardly or projection.Work as limit When portion 275c processed is contacted with the inner surface of communication paths 163x, the rotation of limiting unit 275c limiting valve body 275.As described above, turning The threaded portion 273a of sub- axle 273 is screwed into the screwed hole 275b of valve body 275.Therefore, when armature spindle 273 rotates in a first direction When, valve body 275 is resisted and moved to the top in Figure 10 (a) to the spring 276 of the bias of valve body 275.When valve body 275 reaches upper pole During extreme position, the leading section 275a of valve body 275 makes valve 163y open maximum opening, shown in such as Figure 10 (b).Additionally, working as armature spindle 273 when rotating in a second direction that is opposite the first direction, and valve body 275 to the lower section in Figure 10 (b) is moved.Work as valve body During 275 arrival lower limit position, leading section 275a completely closes again opening 163y, shown in such as Figure 10 (a).
With reference to Figure 10 (a), in Figure 10 (a), valve body 275 completely closes opening 163y.In this condition, fuel vapo(u)r is not Can connect between tank body 161 and downstream inlet passage portion 110d.Meanwhile, when valve body 275 opens opening 163y, it is allowed to fire Material steam is connected via opening 163y between tank body 161 and downstream inlet passage portion 110d.The combustion of opening 163y can be passed through Material vapor volume depends on the aperture of the opening 163y opened by valve body 275.In the state of Figure 10 (b), valve body 275 makes opening 163y opens maximum opening.In this condition, can be maximum through the fuel vapo(u)r amount of opening 163y.
ECU 250 is controlled by valve body by being controlled the anglec of rotation of armature spindle 273 in a stepwise manner by stepper motor 272 The aperture of the 275 opening 163y for opening.Thus, ECU 250 controls the aperture of the opening 163y in choke valve 270.Below In, the aperture is referred to as into " aperture of choke valve 270 ".The fuel vapo(u)r amount for introducing combustion chamber 130a from tank body 161 is depended on：Section The aperture of stream valve 270；With the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.By by the aperture regulation of choke valve 270 be corresponding to One in multiple levels, enables the fuel vapo(u)r amount being introduced into change over one in multiple levels.
The embodiment is also configured so that the path for fuel vapo(u)r from opening 163y to downstream inlet path 110x Capacity less than engine 130 capacity half.The valve body 275 of choke valve 270 can close opening 163y.
Now, the institute of choke valve 270 will be controlled by ECU 250 with reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12 are more particularly described below.Note, line segment L1 It is similar to those in the curve map in Fig. 4 with L2 and curve P1 and P2.
ECU 250 is obtained (every in each four-stroke cycle based on the testing result obtained by sensor 151 to 153 Individual circulation) in particular moment the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.For example, particular moment is the moment in fig. 11 T4.Moment T4 corresponds to about 210 degree of crankangle.Then, ECU 250 at least controls choke valve based on obtained pressure 270 aperture is becoming the appropriate degree matched with the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.Based on logical in downstream inlet Detected pressure in the 110x of road, ECU 250 keeps or changes the aperture of choke valve 270.Change the aperture of choke valve 270 Moment in four-stroke cycle, or can correspond to the border between four-stroke cycle, i.e. in 0 or 720 degree of crank At angle.
ECU 250 can be based on detected by multiple moment in four-stroke cycle in downstream inlet path 110x Pressure change controlling choke valve 270.For example, ECU 250 can be as follows controlled choke valve 270：ECU 250 is obtained The pressure value at T4, T5 and T6 moment in fig. 11, and calculate the mean value of obtained pressure value.Then, the bases of ECU 250 Valve 270 is controlled in thus obtained mean value.Moment T5 corresponds to about 120 degree of crankangle.Moment T6 corresponds to about 300 degree Crankangle.Moment T4 to T6 is described by example, and can freely be set.Additionally, at two or four The pressure value that individual or more moment detect can be used for the control.Moment T4 to T6 (crankangle) is passed based on rpm rotating speeds The crank position of the bent axle 134 detected by sensor 153 is obtaining.
If as described above, the transport condition of motorcycle 1 changes, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x can be caused The change of variation pattern.For example, if the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 change, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x becomes Mode shown in change mode from curve P1 changes over the mode by shown in curve P2.The aperture for assuming choke valve 270 is fixed.It is based on The premise, from communication paths 163a flow into downstream inlet path 110x fuel vapo(u)r amount in engine 130 with the rpm of curve P1 It is different between the situation that the situation and engine 130 of rotating speed rotation is rotated with the rpm rotating speeds of curve P2.Additionally, starting The rpm rotating speeds of machine 130 change the change of the air capacity for also causing flowing in combustion chamber 130a.Therefore, the change of rpm rotating speeds makes fuel The influx of steam and the influx of air change.This changes fuel vapo(u)r to the air-combustion in the 130a of combustion chamber The influence degree of the air-fuel ratio of material mixture.Thus, being introduced into the fuel vapo(u)r of combustion chamber 130a may be in the 130a of combustion chamber Air-fuel mixture burnt steadily with desired air-fuel ratio and hindered.
Therefore, in order that the fuel stabilization in the 130a of combustion chamber burns, the ECU 250 of the present embodiment is configured to introducing The fuel vapo(u)r amount of combustion chamber 130a is controlled as follows.ECU 250 based on engine 130 rpm rotating speeds detected value and The detected value of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x is controlling the aperture of choke valve 270.These detected values are from by sensor 151 to 153 testing results for being obtained are obtained.The testing result obtained by air inlet pressure sensor 151 can be directly used as The detected value of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.Or, the value of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x can from by The testing result that TPS 152 and rpm speed probes 153 are obtained is deriving.Determined according to transport condition It is any in using aforesaid way.That is, select to use according to transport condition and obtained by air inlet pressure sensor 151 Testing result still uses the testing result obtained by TPS 152 and rpm speed probes 153 to derive Pressure value.For example, when the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 are relatively low, it is possible to use obtained by air inlet pressure sensor 151 Testing result, and when the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 are higher, it is possible to use by TPS 152 and rpm rotating speeds The testing result that sensor 153 is obtained is come the pressure value that derives.As described above, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x Detected value can be the pressure value of the particular moment in each four-stroke cycle, or can be many in each four-stroke cycle The mean value of the pressure value at individual moment.
Similar to ECU 150, ECU 250 executes control so that the relation shape between fuel vapo(u)r ratio and air input of engine by air Into the curve shown in Figure 12 (a).Additionally, ECU 250 control choke valve 270 cause choke valve 270 aperture relative to Pressure in downstream inlet path 110x meets the relation shown in Figure 12 (b).As shown in Figure 12 (b), by opening for choke valve 270 Degree is adjusted so that the aperture is beaten completely towards it when the detected value of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x close atmospheric pressure The state increase opened.By opening for the choke valve 270 when the detected value of the pressure in the intake channel 110x of downstream close atmospheric pressure Degree increase, it is ensured that the influx of desired fuel vapo(u)r.
The ECU250 of the present embodiment is configured in the situation of any one for not calculating air input of engine by air and fuel vapo(u)r ratio Get off to control the aperture of choke valve 270, it is as described below.ECU 250 includes memory cell.The memory cell of ECU 250 is wherein Storage：The information of the throttle opening of rpm rotating speeds and air throttle 112 with regard to engine 130；And with regard to logical in downstream inlet The information of the pressure in the 110x of road.These data entries are relative to each other.With reference to the information for being stored, ECU 250 is by engine 130 Rpm rotating speeds and air throttle 112 throttle opening deriving the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.Or, ECU 250 The testing result obtained by air inlet pressure sensor 151 is directly obtaining the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.ECU 250 memory cell is also stored wherein：With regard to the information of the aperture of choke valve 270；And with regard to rpm turn of engine 130 Speed and with regard to the information of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.These data entries are relative to each other.These data entries pass through In the following manner is relative to each other：When ECU 250 based on stored information and detected value to control choke valve 270 when, the institutes of ECU 250 The control for carrying out meets the relation shown in Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b).ECU 250 is obtained and the rpm rotating speeds with regard to engine 130 The detected value aperture with regard to choke valve 270 related to the detected value with regard to the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x letter Breath.Then, ECU250 controls choke valve 270 causes the aperture of choke valve 270 to be equal to the value of the information obtained from memory cell.
The transport condition of the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 etc. smoothly changes.It is different from smooth change, ECU 250 Control choke valve 270 causes the aperture of valve 270 to change in a stepwise manner.For example, when the throttle opening of air throttle 112 does not change And during the increase of rpm rotating speeds, the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x will not be responded rapidly in the increase of rpm rotating speeds And significantly change.Conversely, pressure gradually changes in multiple four-stroke cycles (in multiple circulations), in Figure 13 Shown in curve P4.When the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x slightly changes, ECU 250 will not change immediately The aperture of choke valve 270.As shown in the line D1 in Figure 13, ECU 250 is in multiple four-stroke cycles by the aperture of choke valve 270 Remain α 1.Then, ECU 250 is only when the variable quantity of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x exceedes predetermined value Afterwards, just the aperture of valve 270 changed into into α 2 from α 1.Therefore, under the control of ECU 250, the aperture of choke valve 270 is multiple Keep in four-stroke cycle constant；And the aperture with the change of rpm rotating speeds and the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x The related step-by-step system of the change of variation pattern and change.
It is more than controlling choke valve 270 in the case where any one of air input of engine by air and fuel vapo(u)r ratio is not calculated Aperture example.Or, choke valve 270 can be controlled based on the air input of engine by air that following detected value is calculated.These inspections Measured value is：With regard to the detected value of the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130；And with regard to the inspection of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x The detected value of measured value or the throttle opening with regard to air throttle 112.For example, ECU 250 can be configured as follows.ECU 250 storage unit stores therein represents the data of the curve map of Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b).ECU 250 is using detected value Calculate air input of engine by air.Then, ECU 250 is obtained and the air input of engine by air for thus calculating with reference to the curve map of Figure 12 (a) Corresponding fuel vapo(u)r ratio.Then, ECU 250 obtains to enter in downstream with what is derived by detected value with reference to the curve map of Figure 12 (b) The aperture of the corresponding choke valve 270 of pressure in gas path.Additionally, ECU 250 controls throttling based on thus obtained aperture Valve 270.
ECU 250 can be configured to control throttling in the case where the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x is not derived Valve 270.For example, following configuration can be carried out.Rpm rotating speed of the storage unit stores therein of ECU 250 with regard to engine 130 The information of the aperture with the information of the throttle opening of air throttle 112 and with regard to choke valve 270.These data entries phase each other Close.Then, ECU 250 from memory cell direct access with regard to the aperture of choke valve 270 information, the aperture of choke valve 270 with The value of the throttle opening of rpm rotating speeds and air throttle 112 with regard to engine 130 is associated.In this configuration, ECU 250 The pressure in downstream inlet path 110x need not be derived.Then, the controls of ECU 250 choke valve 270 causes flow control valve 270 aperture is equal to the value of the information obtained from memory cell.In this case, the memory cell of ECU 250 need not be stored Be associated with the rpm rotating speeds with regard to engine 130 and the information with regard to the throttle opening of air throttle 112 with regard to entering in downstream Pressure information in gas path 110x.I.e., in these cases, the memory cell of ECU 250 only need to store with regard to starting The information of the associated aperture with regard to choke valve 270 of the information of the rpm rotating speeds of machine 130 and the throttle opening of air throttle 112. Additionally, in these cases, it is not necessary to which setting is configured to the detector of pressure of the direct detection in downstream inlet path 110x. That is, air inlet pressure sensor 151 can be omitted in these cases.
It should be noted that the curve map of Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b) is only the ideal example in the control that ECU 250 is carried out. It is preferred to implement control in the way of to meet the relation shown in these curve maps as much as possible.Note, the control need not It is embodied as making its result strictly meet the relation shown in these curve maps.
According to above-described embodiment, before pressure is changed with above-mentioned pressure or using the pressure Put to adjust the fuel vapo(u)r amount of introducing.The pressure is：Produce and atmospheric pressure phase in each four-stroke cycle Differ from less less pressure drop and larger larger pressure drop is differed with atmospheric pressure；And repeatedly produce the less pressure based on four strokes Drop and larger pressure drop.I.e., in the present embodiment, it is provided with choke valve 270.Choke valve 270 is arranged so that by opening valve Degree is adjusted to that the fuel vapo(u)r amount of introducing can be changed corresponding in multiple levels.Additionally, by staying open in valve In the case of adjust choke valve 270 aperture come control introduce fuel vapo(u)r amount.According to based on four-stroke pressure change side Formula controlling the aperture of choke valve 270, the pressure be included in based on four strokes repeatedly produce less pressure drop and compared with In the pressure of big pressure drop.Specifically, existed based on the particular moment in each four-stroke cycle or multiple moment (one or more) pressure value in downstream inlet path 110x is controlling the aperture of choke valve 270.Therefore, according to based on four punchings The pressure of journey is implementing control.Therefore, implement appropriate control to follow what pressure was significantly changed based on four strokes The change of pressure.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 13, when the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x is because such as sending out The change of the transport condition of the rpm rotating speeds of motivation 130 etc. and when changing, the aperture of choke valve 270 changes in a stepwise manner.That is, During multiple four-stroke cycles, the aperture of choke valve 270 do not make an immediate response in engine 130 rpm rotating speeds smooth change And change.Conversely, only just changing after the variable quantity of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x exceedes predetermined value The aperture of variable throttle valve 270.Therefore, the aperture of choke valve 270 will not become in response to the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x Each of change mode changes and is frequently changed.It is stable that this causes the fuel vapo(u)r amount for introducing.Therefore, the control is embodied as The change of pressure is suitably followed, while making fuel vapo(u)r stably introduce combustion chamber 130a.It should be noted that throttling The aperture of valve 270 can immediately change in response to the change of the transport condition of the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 etc..For example, The aperture of choke valve 270 can be changed in each four-stroke cycle.
Therefore, still in the present embodiment, choke valve 270 (valve body 175) is arranged so that from opening 163y to air inlet and leads to , less than the half of the capacity of engine 130, then basis is based on four punchings for the capacity of the path for fuel vapo(u)r of road 110a The pressure of journey is implementing control.Carry out under above-mentioned control, which reducing and steaming fuel in the aperture to choke valve 270 Gas introduces the delay at the moment of combustion chamber 130a.Therefore, valve is properly controlled to follow pressure significantly to change based on four strokes Pressure.This causes desired fuel vapo(u)r amount to introduce combustion chamber.
As described above, having expected to be applied to including in the Straddle riding type vehicle including motorcycle 1 for the technology of automobile The engine unit for being used.This is the research background of first embodiment and second embodiment.If it has been found that vapour will be used for The technology of car is applied to without change the widely used engine unit in Straddle riding type vehicle, then may cause unfavorable. That is, there is a possibility that desired fuel vapo(u)r amount can not be made to introduce combustion chamber from tank body.I.e., it was found that following facts：In base In the engine unit that four strokes repeatedly produce less pressure drop and larger pressure drop, existing can not make desired fuel vapo(u)r amount The possibility of combustion chamber is introduced from tank body.Therefore, first embodiment and second embodiment are had been developed that for the following purposes： Repeatedly produced in the engine of less pressure drop and larger pressure drop based on four strokes, make desired fuel vapo(u)r amount introduce burning Room.
It is described above the preferred embodiments of the present invention.It should be noted that the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, and Various changes can within the scope of the claims be carried out.Furthermore, it is possible to as needed using above-described embodiment and following deformations The combination of example.Note, term as used herein " preferred " is nonexcludability and means " being preferably but not limited to ".Note Meaning, term as used herein " can with ... " is nonexcludability and means " can be with ..., but not limited to this ".
In the above-described first embodiment, single-cylinder engine unit 100 is applied the present invention to.Or, the present invention can be answered For the multicylinder engine unit 300 shown in Figure 14 (a).Engine unit 300 is logical including four engines, 130, four air inlets Road component 110, tank body 161, ECU 350 and communication paths component 363.Four intake channel components 110 are connected respectively to four Engine 130.Fuel vapo(u)r is introduced in air inlet passage member 110 from tank body 161 through communication paths component 363.Air filter Clear device 331 is configured to be cleaned air.The air supply of cleaning gives four intake channel components 110.Air throttle 112 is respective In being arranged on each of intake channel component 110.That is, engine unit 300 is the engine list with respective throttle body Unit.In the engine unit with respective throttle body, also enter in each downstream in the downstream of corresponding air throttle 112 Pressure in gas passage portion 110d with aforesaid way identical mode changing.That is, swim in each of the lower in intake channel portion 110d Pressure according to pressures below variation pattern change：Produce in each four-stroke cycle and less less pressure is differed with atmospheric pressure Larger larger pressure drop is dropped and is differed with atmospheric pressure；And repeatedly produce the less pressure drop and larger pressure drop based on four strokes. Due to said structure, communication paths component 363 has four branches for being connected respectively to downstream inlet passage portion 110d.Electromagnetism Valve 170 is arranged to each branch.Each branch of communication paths component 363 is arranged so that opening from its magnetic valve 170 Mouth 163y to the capacity of the path for fuel vapo(u)r of corresponding downstream inlet path 110x is less than corresponding engine 130 The half of capacity.ECU 350 controls in association four electricity with the pressure change in respective downstream intake channel portion 110d Each of magnet valve 170.For each magnetic valve 170 control method similar to ECU's 150 in the first embodiment Control method.Above-mentioned arrangement reduces the delay at the moment for introducing fuel vapor into each combustion chamber 130a.Therefore, by above-mentioned Arrangement, it is also possible to realize making desired fuel vapo(u)r amount introduce each combustion in the engine 300 with respective throttle body Room 130a is burnt, in the engine, pressure is significantly changed based on four strokes.In the variation, engine unit 300 has four Individual cylinder.It should be noted that present invention could apply to bi-block engine unit, three-cylinder engine unit or five cylinders or more multi-cylinder are sent out Motivation unit.
The variation of Figure 14 (a) can also further be changed.In the other variation, single magnetic valve 170 (rather than four Individual magnetic valve 170) position that is arranged on represented by the dotted line B in Figure 14 (a).In the variation, magnetic valve 170 is positioned Capacity into the part in the downstream of the opening 163y in magnetic valve 170 for causing communication paths component 363 is less than engine 130 Capacity half, wherein, magnetic valve 170 be located at dotted line B indications position at.Specifically, above-mentioned part is from opening 163y Downstream inlet passage portion 110d is reached via multiple branches.Additionally, in the variation, ECU 250 and four downstream inlets Pressure in each of passage portion 110d controls in association the making operation of single magnetic valve 170 and disconnects behaviour Make.For example, it is assumed that stroke phase of four engines 130 each is offset from one another the crankangle of 180 degree.In this case, The making operation of magnetic valve 170 and opening operation can as follows be controlled.Corresponding to the time of four-stroke cycle in length Section is divided into four parts.Then, in each part with corresponding to the part downstream inlet passage portion 110d in Pressure controls in association magnetic valve 170.
Above-mentioned first embodiment is described and a stroke, two strokes, four strokes, eight strokes or 12 strokes Time period controls in association the situation at the place of magnetic valve 170.However, it is possible to control electricity in association with n stroke interval section Magnet valve 170, wherein, n is 4 multiple and equal to or more than 16.
Above-mentioned first embodiment describes to perform in each four-stroke cycle once, twice or No. four magnetic valves 170 The situation that each of making operation and opening operation are located.However, can perform in each four-stroke cycle three times or Five times or each of making operation and opening operation more times.
Additionally, in the above-described first embodiment, ECU 150 controls magnetic valve 170 to meet shown in Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b) Condition.However, ECU can control magnetic valve 170 to meet the condition different from the condition shown in Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b).
And, in the above-described first embodiment, the storage unit stores therein of ECU 150：With regard to beating for magnetic valve 170 The information of the length of ETAD expected time of arrival and departure section；And the rpm rotating speeds with regard to engine 130 and the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x Information.These data entries are relative to each other.In addition, the storage unit stores therein of ECU 150：With regard to beating for magnetic valve 170 The information of the length of ETAD expected time of arrival and departure section；And the information of the throttle opening of the rpm rotating speeds with regard to engine 130 and air throttle 112. These data entries are relative to each other.When based on the opening time section for storing information acquisition magnetic valve 170 in the storage device During length, using the detected value of the throttle opening of the detected value or air throttle 112 of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x. Any determined using one therein based on transport condition.Therefore, it can the detection of throttle opening all the time using air throttle 112 Value and do not consider transport condition.In this case, the memory cell of ECU 150 can only store beating with regard to magnetic valve 170 The information of the length of ETAD expected time of arrival and departure section and the rpm rotating speeds and air throttle 112 with regard to the engine 130 that are associated with length information The information of throttle opening.That is, memory cell need not store the information phase with the length of the opening time section with regard to magnetic valve 170 The rpm rotating speeds and the information of downstream inlet path 110x with regard to engine 130 of association.And, in these cases, it is not necessary to set Put the detector of the pressure for being configured to direct detection in downstream inlet path 110x.That is, can omit in these cases Air inlet pressure sensor 151.
The arrangement of second embodiment can also be applied to the multicylinder engine unit 400 shown in Figure 14 (b).Engine unit 400 some parts are identical with the part of the engine unit 300 shown in Figure 14 (a).Hereinafter will mainly describe and engine list The different part of part of unit 300.Additionally, being presented with like reference characters the part identical portion with engine unit 300 Part, and its repeated description is omitted in due course.Similar to engine unit 300, engine unit 400 is sent out including four Motivation 130, four intake channel components 110, tank body 161 and communication paths components 363.Four intake channel components 110 are distinguished It is connected to four engines 130.Fuel vapo(u)r is set to introduce air inlet passage member by communication paths component 363 from tank body 161 110.That is, engine unit 400 is also the engine unit with respective throttle body.Choke valve 270 is arranged and arrived Each branch of communication paths component 363.Each branch is connected to corresponding intake channel component 110.By communication paths Each branch of component 363 is arranged so that from the opening 163y of its choke valve 270 to corresponding downstream inlet path 110x The path for fuel vapo(u)r capacity less than corresponding engine 130 capacity half.Additionally, ECU 450 is controlled The part of engine unit 400.
ECU 450 according in downstream inlet passage portion 110d corresponding with choke valve based on four-stroke pressure change Mode is controlling each of four choke valves 270.For each choke valve 270 control method similar to second implement The control method carried out by ECU 250 in example.Obtained based on the result obtained by sensor and become based on four-stroke pressure Change mode.Specifically, the result passes through the air inlet pressure sensor and section for being each arranged at each downstream inlet passage portion 110d Valve position sensor and the rpm speed probes of each engine 130 are each arranged at obtaining.Above-mentioned arrangement is reduced Introduce fuel vapor into the delay at the moment of each combustion chamber 130a.Therefore, by above-mentioned arrangement, with respective air throttle Also achieve in the engine unit 400 of body and desired fuel vapo(u)r amount is introduced into each combustion chamber 130a, in the engine list In unit, pressure is significantly changed based on four strokes.In the variation, engine unit 400 has four cylinders.It should be noted that Present invention could apply to bi-block engine unit, three-cylinder engine unit or five cylinders or more multicylinder engine unit.
The variation of Figure 14 (b) can also further be changed.In the further modification, single choke valve 270 (rather than Four choke valves 270) at the position of dotted line B indications that is arranged in Figure 14 (b).In the variation, choke valve 270 is positioned to So that exhaust of the capacity of the part in the downstream of the opening 163y in choke valve 270 of communication paths 363 less than engine 130 The half of amount, wherein, the choke valve 270 is located at the position of dotted line B indications.Specifically, above-mentioned part from opening 163y via Multiple branches are to downstream inlet passage portion 110d.Additionally, in the variation, ECU 450 is based on logical in four downstream inlets The testing result of the pressure of each of road portion 110d is controlling the aperture of single flow control valve 270.For example, it is assumed that four Stroke phase of engine 130 each is offset from one another the crankangle of 180 degree.In such a case, it is possible to will follow with four strokes The ring corresponding time period is divided into four sections, and the aperture of choke valve 270 can change in four sections of each.
In above-mentioned second embodiment, based on being detected in each four-stroke cycle in downstream inlet path 110x Pressure controlling the aperture of choke valve 270.Detection frequency and control method can be different from those in above-described embodiment.Example Such as, Figure 15 shows based on n circulations (that is, circulating in duration at every n) to detect the variation of pressure.Here, n be equal to or Natural number more than 2.In the variation, every n circulate duration in, from first be recycled to (n-1) individual circulation when Between section do not detect the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x.Every n circulate duration in, n-th circulation in it is specific when Carve or multiple moment detect the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x, for use as representing four-stroke pressure is based on (one or more) value.The aperture of choke valve 270 is controlled based on (one or more) pressure value for detecting.Control above Based on n circulations repeatedly.Therefore, suitably controlling based on four-stroke pressure for duration is circulated according to every n Choke valve 270.
Above-mentioned variation can also as follows be arranged：In every n two or more circulations circulated in duration Particular moment detection pressure, and the value obtained by calculating the pressure value that detects can serve as representing that every n circulates The pressure value based on four-stroke pressure of duration.For example, can be in every n two or more circulated in duration Particular moment detection pressure in each of individual four-stroke cycle, and the average of the pressure value for detecting can be calculated Value.Then, mean value can be used to control as the value based on four-stroke pressure for representing the circulation duration per n Choke valve 270.
Additionally, in above-mentioned second embodiment, ECU 150 controls choke valve 270 to meet Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b) institutes The condition shown.However, ECU can control choke valve 270 with meet it is different from those conditions shown in Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b) Condition.
Additionally, in order to replace the choke valve 270 used in above-mentioned second embodiment, it is possible to use structure it is different make lead to The various valves that road narrows.Additionally, the valve for being configured to change fuel vapo(u)r amount in the present invention can be such that flow velocity discretely changes, or Person can be such that flow velocity continuously changes.
Note, in this manual, " with the control being associated based on four-stroke pressure " is referred to and controlled System is so that valve is in the moment operation being associated with the pressure that pressure drop place is repeatedly produced based on four strokes.The control Make the time point at current time that can be by acquirement in four-stroke cycle and carried out based on the time point.The above-mentioned time Point can be obtained by any way.For example, in the above-described embodiments, the crank position (crankangle) of bent axle 134 is passed by rpm rotating speeds Sensor 153 is detected.Based on testing result, the making operation and opening operation of magnetic valve 170 are performed respectively at specific crank angles. And, " with the control being associated based on four-stroke pressure " is included according to based on four-stroke pressure change repeatedly The control that carries out of testing result.The example of this control includes and the detection knot obtained by the grade of air inlet pressure sensor 151 The control that the pressure change that fruit represents is directly associated.For example, when being equal to by the pressure value of the grade detection of air inlet pressure sensor 151 During predetermined value, making operation or opening operation can be performed.
The various control modes for existing and being associated based on four-stroke pressure.With based on four-stroke pressure The example of the associated control of variation pattern includes：The control being associated with a stroke interval section and two stroke interval sections Associated control and the control being associated with n stroke interval section, wherein, n is 4 multiple.With a stroke interval section The example of associated control includes：The control of making operation is performed in each stroke interval section and in each stroke The control of opening operation is performed in time period, as shown in figure line C4.The example bag of the control being associated with two stroke interval sections Include：The control of making operation is performed in each two stroke interval section and opening operation is performed in each two stroke interval section Control, as shown in figure line C5, C6 in Fig. 7.The control associated with n stroke interval section (wherein, n is 4 multiple) Example be included in each four-stroke cycle perform making operation control and in each four-stroke cycle perform disconnect behaviour The control of work, as shown in the figure line C1 to C3 in Fig. 4.The control associated with n stroke interval section (wherein, n is 4 multiple) Example be additionally included in per eight strokes or per 12 stroke interval sections in perform the control of making operation and/or opening operation System, as shown in the figure line C7 to C10 in Fig. 8.The control associated with n stroke interval section (wherein, n is 4 multiple) is shown Example be additionally included in per 16 strokes or per 20 stroke interval sections in perform connect and/or opening operation control.4 times Number can be equal to or more than 16.
Additionally, in " with the control being associated based on four-stroke pressure ", from making operation to disconnection behaviour Whether the time period of work is unimportant across the border between the border between stroke or four-stroke cycle.For example, as in Fig. 4 Shown in figure line C6 in figure line C1 and Fig. 7, the time period from making operation to opening operation can be across the side between stroke Border between boundary or four-stroke cycle.Or, as shown in figure line C4 and C5 in figure line C2 and C3 and Fig. 7 in Fig. 4, from Making operation to the time period of opening operation can be fallen in a stroke interval section or four-stroke cycle.
And, in " control be associated with based on four-stroke pressure ", from moment of making operation with/ Or the moment of opening operation whether with the time segment sync of one or more strokes or synchronous unimportant with four-stroke cycle.Example Such as, the control shown in figure line C10 is also contained in " with the control being associated based on four-stroke pressure ".In figure In control shown in line C10, the moment of making operation and the moment of opening operation be not synchronous with four-stroke cycle.Note, " with n The moment that individual stroke interval segment sync " refers to the operation in every n stroke interval section, (that is, the time point of operation was relative to n The position of the length of stroke interval section) in the middle of each n stroke interval section it is identical.Meanwhile, it is " same with four-stroke cycle Step " refers to moment (that is, the position of the time point of operation relative to the length of four-stroke cycle of the operation in each four-stroke cycle Put) in each four-stroke cycle it is identical.
In this manual, " according to the aperture that valve is controlled based on four-stroke pressure, wherein, the pressure Variation pattern is included in and is repeatedly produced in the pressure of less pressure drop and larger pressure drop based on four strokes " refer to and carry out Following control.By example in the embodiment above as described in, pressure for example with engine 130 rpm turn Speed changes and changes.Pressure is by the curve (curve P1 and P2 in Figure 11 etc.) for representing pressure change Shape is representing.Each of curve P1 and P2 are formed with trough in each four-stroke cycle.Trough shows pressure Decline.As shown in figure 13, the pressure drop trough in each four-stroke cycle becomes more as the rpm rotating speeds of engine 130 increase It is low.Now, " according to the aperture that valve is controlled based on four-stroke pressure, wherein, the pressure is included in Repeatedly produced in the pressure of less pressure drop and larger pressure drop based on four strokes " include with above-mentioned based on four-stroke The change of pressure relatively controls the aperture of valve.For example, in the above-described embodiments, controlled as follows.When starting When the rpm rotating speeds of machine 130 increase, changed based on four-stroke pressure.Specifically, in representing the curve of pressure change The shape of trough change with the increase of rpm rotating speeds.It is controlled to increase opening for choke valve 270 in response to the change Degree.
In above-mentioned control, can be based on what is derived by (one or more) testing result of (one or more) sensor Pressure value is controlling the aperture of valve, or the aperture that valve can be controlled based on the pressure value directly obtained by sensor.For example, In the above-described embodiments, based on the testing result from the rpm rotating speeds with regard to engine 130 and the throttle opening of air throttle 112 The pressure in downstream inlet path 110x for deriving is controlling the aperture of choke valve 270.However, it is possible to be based on by by air inlet Testing result that pressure sensor 151 is directly obtained and the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x that obtains are controlling choke valve 270 aperture.
Moreover, it is not necessary to be directly based upon the control that pressure value performs the aperture to valve.For example, can be not by with regard to engine The value of 130 rpm rotating speeds and the throttle opening of air throttle 112 derive the value of the pressure in downstream inlet path 110x and And do not directly obtain from the testing result obtained by air inlet pressure sensor 151 pressure in downstream inlet path 110x Valve is controlled in the case of value.For example, valve can be controlled based on the information stored in memory cell.Specifically, store single Unit stores wherein：The information of the throttle opening of rpm rotating speeds and air throttle 112 with regard to engine 130；And with regard to throttling The information of the aperture of valve 270, and these data entries are relative to each other.Value and section based on the rpm rotating speeds with regard to engine 130 The value of the throttle opening of valve 112, obtains the letter of the aperture with regard to choke valve 270 related to these values from memory cell Breath.Valve can be controlled based on these data entries for obtaining.
In this manual, " aperture of the valve in open mode can be adjusted " refers to the valve in opening situation Aperture can be adjusted to two or more levels.It means that in the case of the level including zero aperture, the aperture of valve can The quantity of the level being adjusted to is three or more, and at zero aperture, valve closes communication paths to prevent air in tank Connect between body and intake channel.Valve may be configured so that its aperture discretely changes, or may be configured so that Its aperture continuously changes.
In addition, " less pressure drop and larger pressure drop are repeatedly produced based on four strokes " represents herein each four punching There is a pressure for being more than another pressure drop and atmospheric pressure with the pressure reduction of atmospheric pressure in two pressure drops, and pressure drop in Cheng Xunhuan Difference.In other words, there are two pressure drops in each four-stroke cycle, the two pressure drops are different from each other with the pressure reduction of atmospheric pressure.
Additionally, in this manual, the variable valve of aperture includes：Closed mode and energy can be switched to from open mode Enough valves that open mode is switched to from closed mode；And the aperture of the valve being configured so that in open mode is adjustable Valve.I.e., in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, above-mentioned valve includes both valves 170 and 270.
It should be noted that the Straddle riding type vehicle of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned motorcycle 1.Straddle riding type vehicle can be rider across Any vehicle for crossing to ride.Straddle riding type vehicle can be the two-wheeled vehicle of any other type, such as cross-country type motorcycle, Scooter and light cavalry's motorcycle.In addition, the Straddle riding type vehicle in the present invention includes tricycle and carriage (all-terrain vehicle (ATV))。
Reference numerals list
1：Motorcycle
14：Fuel tank
100：Engine unit
110：Intake channel component
110a：Intake channel
112：Air throttle
120：Exhaust channel component
120a：Exhaust channel
130：Engine
130a：Combustion chamber
141：Inlet valve
142：Exhaust valve
151：Air inlet pressure sensor
152：TPS
153：Rpm speed probes
161：Tank body
163：Communication paths component
163a：Communication paths
170：Magnetic valve
200：Engine unit
263：Communication paths component
270：Choke valve

Claims (19)

1. a kind of single cylinder or multicylinder four-stroke engine unit, it includes：
Combustion chamber；Intake channel component, air is introduced into the combustion chamber through the intake channel component；And air throttle, its The mid portion of the intake channel component is arranged on, the combustion chamber, the intake channel component and the air throttle are arranged It is each for one or more cylinders, enters in the downstream in the downstream positioned at the air throttle of the intake channel component Pressure in gas passage portion changes according to the mode that pressures below changes：Produce in each four-stroke cycle and differed with atmospheric pressure Less less pressure drop and larger larger pressure drop is differed with atmospheric pressure；Also, the less pressure drop and the larger pressure drop base Repeatedly produce in four strokes, the engine unit also includes：
Tank body, it is connected to fuel tank and adsorbent is accommodated in the tank body, and the adsorbent is configured to absorption from institute State the fuel vapo(u)r included in the air inlet of fuel tank；
Communication paths component, its be constructed to each of one or more of cylinders the inside of the tank body with it is described Connection is set up between downstream inlet passage portion；
Valve, it arranges the mid portion to the communication paths component so that the communication paths component it is logical from the air inlet Road component extends to half of the capacity less than the capacity of the engine unit of a part for the valve, the aperture of the valve Can change；With
Controller, it is configured to be become based on the pressure that four strokes are repeatedly produced according to the less pressure drop and the larger pressure drop Change mode is controlling the operation of the valve.
2. engine unit according to claim 1, also including sensor, the sensor configuration is into detection under described Negative pressure in trip intake channel portion, wherein
The controller is configured to control the operation of the valve based on the testing result obtained by the sensor.
3. engine unit according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve so that from The communication paths component introduce the fuel vapo(u)r amount of the downstream inlet passage portion and the ratio of combustion chamber introducing air capacity with The combustion chamber to introduce the increase of air capacity and increase, wherein, it is from the downstream inlet that the combustion chamber introduces air capacity Passage portion introduces the air capacity of the combustion chamber.
4. engine unit according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein：
The valve can be switched to open mode and can be switched to the closing shape from the open mode from closed mode State, the closed mode is that the valve prevents air from circulating between the inside of the tank body and the downstream inlet passage portion institute State, the open mode is that the valve allows air between the inside of the tank body and the downstream inlet passage portion The state that circulation is located；And
The controller is configured to control the valve to perform Vavle switching operation in association with the pressure, its In, the less pressure drop described in the pressure and the larger pressure drop are repeatedly produced based on four strokes, the valve Handover operation is one group of making operation and opening operation, and one of the making operation and the opening operation is first carried out, Then the another one of the making operation and the opening operation is performed, the making operation is to make the valve from the closing shape State is switched to the operation of the open mode, and the opening operation is that the valve is switched to from the open mode described The operation of closed mode.
5. engine unit according to claim 4, wherein, when each in four strokes that will constitute four-stroke cycle When person is calculated as a stroke, it is described to perform in association with n stroke interval section that the controller is configured to control the valve Vavle switching is operated, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 or 2.
6. engine unit according to claim 5, wherein, the controller be configured to control the valve with n punching The journey time period synchronously performs at least one of the making operation and the opening operation, wherein, n be 4 multiple or 1 or 2。
7. engine unit according to claim 6, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with every n Perform in stroke interval section the making operation and and then perform the opening operation, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 or 2.
8. engine unit according to claim 7, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with every n Perform in stroke interval section the opening operation and and then perform the making operation, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 or 2.
9. engine unit according to claim 6, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with every n Once each of the making operation and the opening operation are performed in stroke interval section, wherein, n be 4 multiple or 1 or 2。
10. engine unit according to claim 9, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with each Once each of the making operation and the opening operation are performed in individual stroke interval section or each two stroke interval section.
11. engine units according to claim 10, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with every n Once each of the making operation and the opening operation are performed in the four-stroke cycle of individual stroke interval section, wherein, n For 4 multiple.
12. engine units according to claim 11, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with per four Once each of the making operation and the opening operation are performed in individual stroke interval section.
13. engine units according to claim 6, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with every n Each of making operation and the opening operation described in two or more times is performed in stroke interval section, wherein, n is 4 Multiple.
14. engine units according to claim 5, wherein, the controller is configured to control the valve with every n Perform in stroke interval section one of the making operation and the opening operation and and then perform another one, wherein, n is 4 multiple or 1 or 2, performs the moment of the making operation and the opening operation at each described n within each time period It is different in the middle of stroke interval section.
15. engine units according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein：
The valve is in open mode, and in the open mode, the valve allows air through the communication paths Component is connected between the inside of the tank body and the intake channel component, and the valve in the open mode Aperture can be adjusted；And
The controller is configured to basis and is controlled based on four-stroke pressure described in the open mode The aperture of valve, it is described that the less pressure drop and the larger pressure drop are included in based on four punchings based on four-stroke pressure In the pressure that journey is repeatedly produced.
16. engine units according to claim 15, wherein, when four strokes are calculated as into a circulation, the control Device processed is configured to be controlled based on four-stroke pressure in the open shape according to described in circulating duration at every n The aperture of the valve in state, wherein, n is natural number.
17. engine units according to claim 16, also including sensor, the sensor configuration is into detection described Negative pressure in downstream inlet passage portion, wherein
The controller is configured to based on one or more circulations circulated included in duration at described n by the sensor Each of obtained in testing result controlling the aperture of the valve in the open mode, the testing result Four-stroke pressure is based on described in circulating duration at described every n for expression.
18. engine units according to claim 16 or 17, wherein, when four strokes are calculated as into a circulation, institute State controller to be configured to control the valve in such a way：When the controller in several cycles will be in the open shape The aperture of the valve in state is maintained at after constant, and the controller is changed according to described based on four-stroke pressure The aperture of the valve in the open mode.
A kind of 19. Straddle riding type vehicles, it includes：
Engine unit according to any one of claim 1 to 18；
Vehicle body frame, its described engine unit of supporting；
Rider's vehicle seat；
Handle, it is arranged on the front of rider's vehicle seat；With
Fuel tank, it is connected to the tank body included in the engine unit.
CN201580042693.3A 2014-08-08 2015-04-23 Engine unit and Straddle riding type vehicle Active CN106662043B (en)

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BR112017002534A2 (en) 2017-12-05
EP3176419A1 (en) 2017-06-07
BR112017002534B8 (en) 2022-09-06
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WO2016021245A1 (en) 2016-02-11
CN106662043B (en) 2019-10-01

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