CN106643145A - Fuel gas combustion and electric arc combined heating smelting furnace - Google Patents
Fuel gas combustion and electric arc combined heating smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN106643145A CN106643145A CN201610972208.9A CN201610972208A CN106643145A CN 106643145 A CN106643145 A CN 106643145A CN 201610972208 A CN201610972208 A CN 201610972208A CN 106643145 A CN106643145 A CN 106643145A
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- fuel gas
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 117
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000005139 Lycium andersonii Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011821 neutral refractory Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001603 reducing Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 41
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating Effects 0.000 description 3
- NJFMNPFATSYWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N AC1L9HGR Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe] NJFMNPFATSYWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003660 Reticulum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium(0) Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004857 zone melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 Influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel iron Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000000414 obstructive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel gas combustion and electric arc combined heating smelting furnace which comprises a furnace body arranged above a furnace foundation. The furnace body comprises side walls, a furnace top and a fire-resistant furnace bottom arranged above the furnace foundation. A hearth of the furnace body is divided into a melting area and a depression area. The furnace bottom part in the depression area is lower than the furnace bottom part in the melting area. The furnace bottom part in the melting area is designed in an inclining manner, and the end, adjacent to the depression area, of the furnace bottom part in the melting area downwards inclines and communicates with the depression area. A feeding port is formed in the furnace top part at the end, away from the depression area, of the melting area. The two opposite side walls in the melting area are provided with combustors. Graphite electrodes penetrating the furnace top are arranged in the depression area. An outlet for discharging slag and an outlet for discharging thermal metal are formed in the bottom of the depression area. According to the fuel gas combustion and electric arc combined heating smelting furnace, the advantages of fuel gas combustion heating and electric arc heating are combined, the defects of fuel gas combustion heating and electric arc heating are avoided, fuel gas is adopted as fuel in the melting area, electric arc heating is adopted in the depression area for assisting in conducting heat preservation, and deep reduction is completed; and the production cost is greatly reduced, and the product quality and the smelting efficiency are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting furnace, more particularly to a kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, belong to and add
Smelting furnace field.
Background technology
Generally the slag sluicing system of ferrous material is realized using blast furnace and electric furnace etc. at present.Blast furnace is a kind of upright type of furnace, is fitted
For processing acid pellet or sintering deposit, and also when being smelted iron using it, Technological Economy need to be there is using coke as raw material
Index is good, process is simple, and output is big, and labor productivity is high, low power consumption and other advantages, but blast furnace there is also to entering stove thing
That what is expected has high demands, coking coal, energy consumption need to be used higher and the low shortcoming of efficiency of energy utilization；Electric furnace is that the electric energy in stove is converted into
Heating furnace of the heat to workpiece heat, its advantage has furnace atmosphere to be easily controlled, and material heating is fast, and heating-up temperature is high, produces
Journey is easier to realize mechanization and automation that labour health condition is good, and the thermal efficiency is high, good product quality, and more environmentally-friendly, but electric furnace
Obvious shortcoming is similarly there is, such as controller switching equipment is costly, power cost is high and should be noted the problems such as insulating.
The Chinese invention patent of Patent No. ZL200810079930.5 provide a kind of method of smelting iron in arc furnace and
Device, smelting furnace part includes body of heater 2, bell 10, charging (feeding) equipment and discharging equipment, and molten iron outflow port 9 is arranged at the bottom of body of heater 2.Stove
There are three electrode jacks 12 on lid 10, electrode 1 is inserted respectively, each of three electrodes jack is in triangular distribution.Outer a pair of the heating of body of heater 2
Stove 5a, 5b and a pair of storage heaters 6a, 6b, both sides of two heating furnace relative positions outside body of heater 2.Heating furnace is by connection
Mouth 4 is connected with the body of heater 2 of electric arc furnaces, and gas can flow back and forth in connector.One end of storage heater 6a, 6b and heating furnace connect
Connect, the other end is connected respectively with air blast 8 and exhaust system.Heating furnace is provided with burner, and combustion air pipeline and fuel conduit connect
It is connected to burner.Four tunnels of the outlet of air blast 8 point, are connected respectively with two heating furnaces and two storage heaters, and valve is housed per road.
The fuel conduit being connected with heating furnace and it is also equipped with valve on the waste gas discharge pipeline being connected with storage heater.Two heating furnaces replace
Burning fuel and bubbing, two storage heaters replace accumulation of heat and heat release.Bubbing is in metal ferriferous oxide reduction process
The gas of generation, wherein containing substantial amounts of CO, H2.The heat storage 7 of the storage heater is ceramic ball body.The body of heater and stove of electric arc furnaces
Cover as steel construction.The body of heater 2 and bell 10, are tightly connected between electrode 1 and bell 10 for water collar.Electric arc furnaces is equipped with pressure
Antiaircraft valve 11 is used as explosion-protection equipment；Major defect existing for the electric arc furnaces is as follows：
(1) in melting burner hearth, on the one hand because thermal current in heating furnace or even flame are entered in smelting furnace burner hearth directly
Graphite electrode is blown, it will wash away electrode material and cause consumption of electrode to accelerate；Another aspect thermal current is in smelting furnace row
The stop of electrode is run on inbound path, it will cause the disorder of air-flow.
(2) a large amount of gases will be produced in the metal oxide reduction process, it is unavoidable to produce a large amount of foamed slags,
These foamed slags Jing heating furnaces after floating enter the thermal current of smelting furnace burner hearth and drive and will make with Airflow obstruction ventilation shaft
It is not smooth into producing.
(3) in heating furnace mainly by the bubbing in smelting furnace as combustion gas, its growing amount with material and coal,
The change of the proportionings such as coke has very great fluctuation process, causes the unstability burnt, and affects the control of in-furnace temperature.Due to combustible gas
Body is uncontrollable in amount, is likely to result in explosion accident.
(4) fuel gas is burnt with combustion air in heating furnace, rather than is directly carried out in smelting furnace burner hearth
Burning, unavoidably causes thermal loss, and heat utilization ratio is not high.
The Chinese invention patent of Patent No. ZL201020682060.3 discloses a kind of gas heat accumulating type melting furnace, including
Calciner 1, holding furnace 10.The burner hearth bottom of calciner 1 is higher than the burner hearth bottom of holding furnace 10, and the burner hearth bottom of calciner 1 leads to
Cross skewed slot 11 to connect with the burner hearth bottom of holding furnace 10.A set of burner is respectively equipped with calciner 1 and holding furnace 10；Molten
Aluminium liquid in solution stove 1 is concentrated after thawing, and Jing skewed slots 11 flow into the inside holding of holding furnace 10, are all fired using combustion gas in two burner hearths
Burn heating.Major defect existing for the gas heat accumulating type melting furnace is as follows：
(1) have the shortcomings that combustion gas smelting furnace is intrinsic, using radiant heat transfer, the thermal efficiency is low, it is difficult to realize higher molten bath,
Bed utilization rate is low, it is difficult to realize large-scale.
(2) it is mainly for the melting of aluminium ingot, and adaptability to raw materials is narrower, when the larger material of dregginess is processed, due to molten
Slag will float over metal liquid phase top, and slag thermal conductivity itself is very poor, it will greatly stop heat from burner hearth to metal phase
Conduction, causes thermal state metal to be deteriorated with slag contacts surface mass-and heat-transfer, it is most likely that to cause thermal state metal to separate with slag tired
Difficulty, and produce the situation that metal recovery rate is reduced so that productivity effect is not good.
The Chinese invention patent of Application No. 200910075372.X discloses a kind of heat storage type electric arc furnace deoxy iron-smelting
Device, including electric arc furnace body 4, electrode 2, bell 1) and the equipment, charging (feeding) equipment and discharging equipment, 2～8 burnings that match
Room 11a, 11b) and 2～8 storage heaters 12a, 12b, heat storage 13 is housed in storage heater)；One end of the storage heater and burning
Room connect, the other end respectively with exhaust system and air blast 14) be connected, described device is additionally provided with 2～8 coal gasifications case 9a, 9b,
Between electric arc furnace body and combustion chamber, be provided with 1～10 layer of coal grid 10 in coal gasification case, coal grid built with coal dust or
Lump coal or honeycomb briquette, the top of coal gasification case is provided with the socket of coal grid；The coal gasification case is provided with bypass 5, coal gasification case
Outlet, entrance and bypass are provided with valve 6.Major defect existing for the device of the heat storage type electric arc furnace deoxy iron-smelting is as follows：
(1) still with electrode as heating element heater, therefore its energy consumption is still higher；
(2) fail to realize that using different fusing separate modes, therefore the utilization ratio of the energy is not in different fusing sections
It is high.
The content of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, the fuel gas buring and electricity
Arc combined heat smelting furnace be suitable for iron ore, lateritic nickel ore, vanadium titano-magnetite, metallurgical dust, metallurgical slag, nonferrous smelting slag with
And Jing after direct-reduction ferrous material slag sluicing system, with melting low cost, environmental friendliness, product quality be high, stove monomer
The advantages for the treatment of capacity is big, adaptability to raw materials is wide, the rate of recovery is high.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, including the body of heater being located on furnace foundation, body of heater includes side
Wall, furnace roof and refractory-lined ovens bottom composition；The burner hearth of body of heater is divided into fusion zone and decanting zone two by the partition wall extended downwardly from furnace roof
Individual part, partition wall lower end is at regular intervals with refractory-lined ovens bottom, it is allowed to which the fluid melted in fusion zone flows to decanting zone；Wherein, sink
Drop area's furnace bottom is less than fusion zone furnace bottom, and fusion zone furnace bottom is designed using tilting, and one end adjacent with decanting zone is downward-sloping
And communicate with decanting zone；Charging aperture is provided with fusion zone away from the furnace roof of decanting zone one end；The relative both walls in fusion zone
It is provided with burner；The graphite electrode through furnace roof is provided with decanting zone, is respectively equipped with the bottom of decanting zone and is discharged for slag
Slag exit and for thermal state metal discharge thermal state metal outlet.
It is further preferred that 500～the 700mm of spacing at the partition wall lower end and fusion zone refractory-lined ovens bottom.Thus, guaranteeing
While entering the melting of stove material and mobility requirement, also fusion zone and decanting zone can be separated, to realize that zones of different melts
The precise control of refining condition and atmosphere, to reach preferable smelting technology and product index.
Used as a kind of preferred structure of the present invention, in described decanting zone, relative both sides are arranged symmetrically two fusings
Area；The furnace bottom angle of inclination of fusion zone is between 3-5 °, it is ensured that the material after fusing can flow to partition wall direction, so as to finally enter
Enter to decanting zone.Decanting zone is run through on furnace roof graphite electrode and graphite electrode bottom is located on the furnace bottom of decanting zone, graphite
Electrode is inserted into molten bath, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated, it is ensured that the final separation of slag and thermal state metal.
It is further preferred that the refractory material of the decanting zone is neutral refractory；
It is further preferred that the refractory material of the fusion zone bottom is acid refractory, the fire resisting on fusion zone upper strata
Material is neutral refractory；It is highly preferred that fusion zone upper strata refractory material is low grade carborundum (containing SiC about 85%)
Fire resistant materials；It is further preferred that the thickness and upper strata neutral refractory of the fusion zone bottom acid refractory
Thickness ratio be (5～10)：1.Because low grade carborundum (containing SiC about 85%) is fabulous deoxidier, thus, upper strata fire resisting
Material can accelerate the speed of melting and reduction, be conducive to improving the quality of molten point of metal product, while bottom refractory material can be really
The opposing corroded acidic materials at high temperature is protected, and reasonably controls the cost of bottom refractory.
As the preferred structure of another kind of the present invention, the middle and upper part of decanting zone is located at for the slag exit that slag is discharged,
The bottom of decanting zone is located at for the thermal state metal outlet that thermal state metal is discharged, and two outlets are respectively positioned on fusion zone furnace bottom least significant end
Under.
As the preferred structure of another kind of the present invention, heat storage type combustion is provided with relative both walls in fusion zone
Device, heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion, using material in high temperature conduction heating fusion zone, material start soften and most
End form is into flowable melt.Fusion zone furnace bottom is designed using tilting, it is ensured that flowable melt is between fusion zone and decanting zone
Partition wall side flowing.Opening is left below partition wall, it is ensured that melt is entered into decanting zone.The fusion zone using combustion gas with
Melting materialss are heated in the mixed combustion of high temperature combustion air, and decanting zone adds heat fusing to separate metal and slag, enters one using graphite electrode
Preferably, the combustion gas is fuel gas with low heat value to step；It is highly preferred that the fuel gas with low heat value is coal gas, blast furnace gas and coke oven
Coal gas etc..Thus, the present invention can adopt fuel gas with low heat value for fuel, and this will significantly reduce production cost, and improve to fuel kind
The adaptability of class.
Described heat-storage type burner includes burner, regenerator, air blast, flue, gas pipeline, flue gas and air
Common conduit, four-way change-over valve and air-introduced machine；Multiple burners are relative respectively to be located on the wall of described fusion zone opposite sides,
Burner is provided with gas pipeline, and burner is connected with the top of regenerator.
Preferably, the side wall of the body of heater, furnace roof and furnace foundation are built into using refractory material and refractory brick.
Preferably, in the built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket of refractory material of side wall and furnace roof.
Fuel gas buring of the present invention with electric arc combined heat smelting furnace compared with existing melting furnace, topmost difference
It is：
(1) the whole smelting furnace of the present invention is divided into fusion zone and the part of decanting zone two, and decanting zone furnace bottom will be less than fusion zone
Furnace bottom, fusion zone lower section communicates with decanting zone.
(2) two ends side wall relative in fusion zone of the present invention is provided with heat-storage type burner, using fuel gas with low heat value with
Solid material is heated in the mixed combustion of high temperature combustion air.Furnace bottom is in symmetrical cloth in the relative both sides in described decanting zone in the area
Put, and tilting is designed, it is low near decanting zone side, it is heated in the flow direction of material decanting zone after fusing.(3) combustion gas of the present invention
Burning runs through with the decanting zone of electric arc combined heat smelting furnace on furnace roof graphite electrode, and graphite electrode insertion is utilized in molten bath
Electric arc heated is incubated and completes drastic reduction, finally completes thermal state metal in decanting zone and separates with slag, slag and hot gold
Category is discharged respectively by slag exit and thermal state metal outlet.
(4) the whole smelting furnace side wall of fuel gas buring of the present invention and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, furnace roof and furnace foundation
It is built into using refractory material and refractory brick, wherein being provided with Copper Water Jacket inside smelting furnace side wall and furnace roof fire resisting material, is protected
Refractory material；The refractory material bottom of fusion zone furnace bottom and upper strata adopt unlike material, and its thickness is in certain proportion, and this is not only
The speed of melting and reduction can be accelerated, be conducive to improving the quality of molten point of metal product, the used time can also rationally control fire proofed wood
The cost of material.
The main beneficial effect of the present invention includes：
(1) arranged using body of heater subregion, be respectively equipped with and interconnect two fusion zones for still having partition wall with a sedimentation
Area, is capable of achieving the precise control of fusion zone and decanting zone melting condition and atmosphere.In fusion zone melting materialss, in decanting zone insulation
Molten bath completes thermal state metal and separates with slag.Being primarily due to the fusing of solid material generally needs to consume fusing gross energy
More than 80%, so providing heat using heat-storage type burner combustion gas in fusion zone, melting cost is greatly reduced, keep away
Exempt from using the expensive power energy (electric arc) as main heating source.And furnace bottom is designed using tilting in the area, after material melting
It flow in decanting zone, the less height of bed of material holding (<500mm), it is to avoid fuel gas buring heats the defect of poor thermal conduction.Its
It is secondary in decanting zone because institute's calorific requirement is less, using electric arc heated, it is ensured that higher melt pool height, improve smelting furnace monomer
Yield, it is to avoid fuel gas buring heated molten bath is highly difficult to the defect for improving.
(2) regenerative combustion technology is adopted, initially with high-temperature air combustion promoter of the temperature more than 1000 DEG C, is greatly dropped
Low gas consumption, smoke discharge amount substantially reduce, improve melting in-furnace temperature (>1600 DEG C), exhaust gas temperature be reduced to 250
Below DEG C, the thermal efficiency it is high.Using low heat value (<3000Kcal/m3) coal gas, coal gas, it is particularly possible to using cheap, work
The coal resources such as brown coal jet coal without value are used as coal gas raw material in industry, its cost be electricity price lattice 50% even more
It is low.
(3) avoid using the fuel combustions such as coke heating in fusion zone, it is harmful miscellaneous so as to cause to final products
The pollution of prime element.Follow-up refining cost is greatly reduced, value-added content of product is improved.
(4) fusion zone bottom refractory adopts hierarchical design, upper strata to adopt low grade carborundum, and bottom is using acid resistance to
Fiery material, this can not only accelerate the speed of melting and reduction, be conducive to improving the quality of molten point of metal product, moreover it is possible to guarantee in height
Acidic materials are corroded opposing under temperature, and can reasonably control the cost of bottom refractory.
(5) it is suitable for iron ore, lateritic nickel ore, vanadium titano-magnetite, metallurgical dust, metallurgical slag, nonferrous smelting slag and Jing
The slag sluicing system of ferrous material after direct-reduction, raw material use range is wide, and the rate of recovery is high.
In a word, the present invention has closed the advantage of fuel gas buring melting furnace and electric arc heated smelting furnace, it is to avoid both
The shortcoming of smelting furnace.The relatively thin bed of material is adopted in fusion zone, it is ensured that fuel gas buring heat transfer efficiency, operate in decanting zone mining height molten bath,
Improve smelting furnace monomer yield；It is incubated simultaneously using electric arc heated auxiliary in decanting zone as fuel using combustion gas in fusion zone
Drastic reduction is completed, by the melting condition and atmosphere that control fusion zone and decanting zone, production cost is greatly reduced, and is obtained
Metal in the dreg content is lower, the metal product that thermal state metal grade is higher, and melting cost is reduced, and smelting efficiency is improved, product matter
Measure, environmental friendliness, there is very high practical value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 fuel gas burings provided by the present invention and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 fuel gas burings of the present invention and heat-storage type burner contained in electric arc combined heat smelting furnace；
Heat-storage type burner fundamental diagram after Fig. 3 commutations.
Description of reference numerals：1- furnace foundations, 2- refractory material furnace bottoms, 3- body of heater side walls, 4- partition walls, 5- furnace roofs, 6- chargings
Mouthful, 7- slag exits, the outlet of 8- thermal state metals, the burner of 9- heat-storage type burners, 10- regenerator, 10a, 10b- heat storage,
11- air blasts, 12- flues, 13a, 13b- gas pipeline, 14- graphite electrodes, 15- fusion zones, 16- decanting zones, 17- is solid
State material, 18- molten baths, 19a, 19b- flue gas and air common conduit, 20- four-way change-over valves, 21- flue gas processing devices, 22- draws
Blower fan.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, including furnace foundation 1, fire resisting
Material furnace bottom 2, the body of heater side wall 3 being built into by refractory brick and refractory material of built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket, positioned at fusion zone 15 with it is heavy
Partition wall 4 between drop area 16, the furnace roof 5 above burner hearth, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, positioned at sedimentation
The slag exit 7 of the lower section of area 16 and thermal state metal outlet 8, the burning of the heat-storage type burner on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 15
Heat storage 10a, 10b inside mouth 9, regenerator 10, air blast 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b are placed in sedimentation
The graphite electrode 14 of the furnace roof of area 16；The burner hearth of body of heater is divided into fusion zone 15 and decanting zone 16 by the partition wall 4 extended downwardly from furnace roof 5
Two parts, fusion zone 15 is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of decanting zone 16, and the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15 is higher than the furnace bottom of decanting zone 16.Fusing
The furnace bottom of area 15 adopts tilting furnace bottom, furnace bottom angle of inclination to flow to partition wall side with the material after guarantee fusing between 3-5 °
To so as to enter eventually into decanting zone 16.Solid material 17 is put into fusion zone 15 by charging aperture 6, the phase in fusion zone 15
Heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion to both sides, using fuel gas with low heat value such as coal gas, blast furnace gas, coke-stove gas
Material in the high temperature conduction heating fusion zone 15 that burning is produced, material starts to soften and ultimately form flowable melt.Fusion zone
15 furnace bottoms are designed using tilting, it is ensured that flowable melt to the side of partition wall 4 between fusion zone 15 and decanting zone 16 is flowed, every
The lower end of wall 4 is 500～700mm with the spacing at refractory-lined ovens bottom, opening is left below partition wall 4, it is ensured that melt enters into decanting zone
In 16.The refractory material of the bottom of fusion zone 15 is acid refractory, and the refractory material on the upper strata of fusion zone 15 is neutral fire proofed wood
Material；The thickness of the bottom acid refractory of the fusion zone 15 and the thickness ratio of upper strata neutral refractory are 5～10：1.Heavy
In drop area 16, by the molten bath 18 of the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15, in decanting zone 16, furnace roof runs through graphite
Electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted into molten bath 18, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated, it is ensured that slag with it is hot
The final separation of metal.Slag after separation is discharged by slag exit 7, and thermal state metal is discharged by thermal state metal outlet 8.
The operation principle of regenerative combustion technology is that the combustion gas that low cost is relied primarily in fusion zone 15 is burnt,
By regenerative combustion technology, in-furnace temperature can be up to more than 1600 DEG C in the state of amount of consumed gas is relatively fewer.
Heat-storage type burner primary structure is as shown in Fig. 2 including being arranged in burner 9, regenerator 10 on the relative side wall in fusion zone, regenerator
Interior heat storage 10a, 10b, gas pipeline 13a, 13b, flue gas and air common conduit 19a, 19b, four-way change-over valve 20, flue gas
Pipeline 12, flue gas processing device 21, air blast 11, air-introduced machine 22.
Fig. 3 shows the operation principle of heat-storage type burner, and when right side burner combustion, arrow represents that air-flow is walked in way
To.Cold conditions air is entered with air common conduit 19a by flue gas into after four-way change-over valve 20 via air blast and is provided with accumulation of heat
The regenerator of body 10a, now in the condition of high temperature, up to more than 1000 DEG C, main material can be honeycomb to temperature to heat storage 10a
The high refractory material of the heat exchange efficiency such as body and Ceramic Balls.Cold conditions air is exchanged heat when heat storage 10a with heat storage, cold
State air is heated to form the high temperature air that temperature is up to 1000 DEG C, and regenerator temperature is then gradually lowered.Now gas pipeline 13a
In open mode, 13b is closed.The combustion gas entered by gas pipeline 13a passes through to burn after being pre-mixed with high temperature air
Mouth 9 is injected in fusion zone 15 and is burnt, and ignition temperature can reach more than 1600 DEG C.Due to the effect of air-introduced machine 22, melt
Change the high-temperature flue gas in the internal furnace of area 15 by drainage into being provided with the regenerator of heat storage 10b, now heat storage 10b is in temperature
, compared with low state, temperature is below 500 DEG C, and its material is identical with front addressed heat storage 10a for degree.Enter from the burner hearth of fusion zone 15
The heat storage 10b that the high-temperature flue gas for entering pass through low temperature, carries out the heat exchange of high-temperature flue gas and heat storage, and heat storage is gradually heated to
More than 1000 DEG C, and high-temperature flue gas are cooled to less than 250 DEG C, by flue gas and air common conduit 19b and four-way change-over valve
Flue 12 is entered after 20, Jing after flue gas processing device 21 air is entered.After certain hour, gas pipeline 13a first
Close, afterwards four-way change-over valve 20 commutates, operation principle is as shown in figure 3, the cold conditions air blasted by air blast 11 passes through four-way
Flue gas and air common conduit 19b are entered after reversal valve 20, is entered into be provided with the regenerator of heat storage 10b, due to four afterwards
The front heat storage 10b that commutates of logical reversal valve 20 has been heated to more than 1000 DEG C, cold conditions air through after heat storage 10b with its
Raw heat exchange, cold conditions air is heated to 1000 DEG C or so becomes high temperature air, and heat storage 10b is then gradually cooled down.Now combustion gas
Pipeline 13b is opened, and combustion gas starts burning after mixing with high temperature air, and combustion flame temperature can be up to more than 1600 DEG C.Due to
The effect of air-introduced machine 22, the high-temperature flue gas in the burner hearth of fusion zone 15 are entered into and are provided with the accumulation of heat room of heat storage 10a, noted earlier
The heat storage 10a that temperature is reduced is exchanged heat with high-temperature flue gas, and heat storage is gradually heated to more than 1000 DEG C, and high-temperature flue gas
Then be gradually cooled as it passes through the cooler to less than 250 DEG C, by after four-way change-over valve 20 Jing after by flue 12, in the quilt of flue gas processing device 21
Discharge after purification.As described above, the two regenerator burner alternations in left and right, four-way change-over valve 20, gas pipeline 13a, 13b
Deng using Automated condtrol.Arrangement of the regenerator burner on the side wall of fusion zone 15 is also adopted by being in tilted layout, the gradient with it is molten
Change the furnace bottom of area 15 to be consistent, it is ensured that burner 9 keeps optimum distance with material, improve heat conduction efficiency.
Specific embodiment one
A kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, including furnace foundation 1, refractory material furnace bottom 2, built-in cooling copper
The body of heater side wall 3 being built into by refractory brick and refractory material of water jacket, the partition wall 4 between fusion zone and decanting zone, positioned at stove
Furnace roof 5 above thorax, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, positioned at slag exit 7 and the heat of the lower section of decanting zone 16
State metal outlet 8, the storage inside the burner 9 of 5 groups of heat-storage type burners on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 15, regenerator 10
Hot body 10a, 10b, air blast 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b are placed in the graphite electrode 14 of decanting zone furnace roof.
Smelting furnace can be divided into fusion zone 15, decanting zone 16, and fusion zone is arranged symmetrically in decanting zone both sides, fusion zone stove
Bottom is higher than decanting zone furnace bottom.Solid material 17 is put into fusion zone 15 by charging aperture 6, the opposite sides in fusion zone 15
Heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion, material in the high temperature conduction heating fusion zone 15 of generation of being burnt using coal gas,
Material starts to soften and ultimately form flowable melt.
In the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15, designed using tilting, its angle design is 3 °, it is ensured that flowable melt is to fusion zone 15
Flow with the side of partition wall 4 between decanting zone 16, the lower section of partition wall 4 is 500mm apart from the spacing of the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15, to ensure to melt
Body is entered into decanting zone 16.The refractory material of the bottom of fusion zone 15 be acid refractory, the fire proofed wood on the upper strata of fusion zone 15
Expect be for neutral refractory, and the thickness of the bottom acid refractory of fusion zone 15 and the thickness ratio of upper strata neutral refractory
5：1.
In decanting zone 16, by the molten bath 18 of the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15, in the stove of decanting zone 16
Through there is graphite electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted into molten bath 18, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated on top, is protected
The final separation of card slag and thermal state metal, the slag after separation is discharged by slag exit 7, and thermal state metal is exported by thermal state metal
8 discharge, and obtain the metal product that metal in the dreg content is lower, thermal state metal grade is higher.
Certain iron ore is obtained into the roasting that degree of metalization is 88% Jing after " dispensing-rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction " PROCESS FOR TREATMENT to produce
Product, are processed in the hot fuel gas buring for direct plungeing into the present invention and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, control fusion zone temperature
It is weak oxide atmosphere for 1400 DEG C, atmosphere, decanting zone temperature is 1550 DEG C, atmosphere is reducing atmosphere, finally can be melted
The iron content for dividing the Iron grade 97.91%, slag of iron is 2.71% product, and its molten point of iron Iron grade and rate of recovery index are above
Common smelting furnace more than 1%.
Specific embodiment two
A kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, its structure is as shown in Figure 1：Including furnace foundation 1, refractory material
Furnace bottom 2, the body of heater side wall 3 being built into by refractory brick and refractory material of built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket, positioned at fusion zone and decanting zone it
Between partition wall 4, the furnace roof 5 above burner hearth, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, positioned at the lower section of decanting zone 16
Slag exit 7 and thermal state metal outlet 8, the burner 9 of 3 groups of heat-storage type burners on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 16,
Heat storage 10a, 10b inside regenerator 10, air blast 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b are placed in decanting zone stove
The graphite electrode 14 on top.
Smelting furnace can be divided into fusion zone 15, decanting zone 16, and fusion zone 15 is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of decanting zone 16, fusing
The furnace bottom of area 15 is higher than the furnace bottom of decanting zone 16.Solid material 17 is put into fusion zone 15 by charging aperture 6, the phase in fusion zone 15
Heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion to both sides, the high temperature conduction heating fusion zone produced using blast furnace gas combustion
Interior material, material starts to soften and ultimately form flowable melt.
In the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15, designed using tilting, its angle design is 4 °, it is ensured that flowable melt is to fusion zone 15
Flow with the side of partition wall 4 between decanting zone 16, the lower section of partition wall 4 is 600mm apart from the spacing of the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15, to ensure to melt
Body is entered into decanting zone 16.The refractory material of the bottom of fusion zone 15 be acid refractory, the fire proofed wood on the upper strata of fusion zone 15
Expect for low grade carborundum (containing SiC about 85%) material, and the low product of thickness and upper strata of the bottom acid refractory of fusion zone 15
The thickness ratio of level carborundum is 8：1.
In decanting zone 16, by the molten bath 18 of the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15, in the stove of decanting zone 16
Through there is graphite electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted into molten bath 18, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated on top, is protected
The final separation of card slag and thermal state metal, the slag after separation is discharged by slag exit 7, and thermal state metal is exported by thermal state metal
8 discharge, and obtain the metal product that metal in the dreg content is lower, thermal state metal grade is higher.
Certain copper smelting slag is obtained into the roasting that degree of metalization is 80% Jing after " dispensing-rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction " PROCESS FOR TREATMENT
Product, is processed in the hot fuel gas buring for direct plungeing into the present invention and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, controls fusion zone temperature
It is weak oxide atmosphere to spend for 1450 DEG C, atmosphere, and decanting zone temperature is 1600 DEG C, atmosphere is reducing atmosphere, final available
The iron content of the Iron grade 96.85%, slag of molten point of iron is 2.09% product, and its molten point of iron Iron grade and rate of recovery index are high
In common smelting furnace more than 2%.
Specific embodiment three
A kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, its structure is as shown in Figure 1：Including furnace foundation 1, refractory material
Furnace bottom 2, the body of heater side wall 3 being built into by refractory brick and refractory material of built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket, positioned at fusion zone 15 and decanting zone
Partition wall 4 between 16, the furnace roof 5 above burner hearth, located at the charging aperture 6 of the top of 15 furnace roof of fusion zone 5, positioned at decanting zone 16
The slag exit 7 of lower section and thermal state metal outlet 8, the burning of 1 group of heat-storage type burner on the opposite sides wall of fusion zone 15
Heat storage 10a, 10b inside mouth 9, regenerator 10, air blast 11, flue 12, gas pipeline 13a, 13b are placed in sedimentation
The graphite electrode 14 of the furnace roof 5 of area 16.
Smelting furnace can be divided into fusion zone 15, decanting zone 16, and fusion zone 15 is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of decanting zone 16, fusing
The furnace bottom of area 15 is higher than the furnace bottom of decanting zone 16.Solid material 17 is put into fusion zone 15 by charging aperture 6, the phase in fusion zone 15
Heat-storage type burner alternate blowing flame combustion to both sides, the high temperature conduction heating fusion zone for producing of being burnt using coke-stove gas
Interior material, material starts to soften and ultimately form flowable melt.
In the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15, designed using tilting, its angle design is 5 °, it is ensured that flowable melt is to fusion zone 15
Flow with the side of partition wall 4 between decanting zone 16, the lower section of partition wall 4 is 700mm apart from the spacing of the furnace bottom of fusion zone 15, to ensure to melt
Body is entered into decanting zone 16.The refractory material of the bottom of fusion zone 15 be acid refractory, the fire proofed wood on the upper strata of fusion zone 15
Material is low grade carborundum (contain SiC about 85%) material, and the bottom acid refractory of fusion zone 15 thickness and upper strata it is low
The thickness ratio of grade carborundum is 10：1.
In decanting zone 16, by the molten bath 18 of the melt composition liquid for constantly entering from fusion zone 15, in the stove of decanting zone 16
Through there is graphite electrode 14, graphite electrode 14 is inserted into molten bath 18, and drastic reduction is incubated and completed using electric arc heated on top, is protected
The final separation of card slag and thermal state metal, the slag after separation is discharged by slag exit 7, and thermal state metal is exported by thermal state metal
8 discharge, and obtain the metal product that metal in the dreg content is lower, thermal state metal grade is higher.
Certain lateritic nickel ore is obtained into the roasting that degree of metalization is 80% Jing after " dispensing-rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction " PROCESS FOR TREATMENT
Product, is processed in the hot fuel gas buring for direct plungeing into the present invention and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, controls fusion zone temperature
It is oxidizing atmosphere to spend for 1500 DEG C, atmosphere, and decanting zone temperature is 1600 DEG C, atmosphere is weak reducing atmosphere, final available
The high-grade nickel iron product of nickel content 20.63%, iron content 76.71%, its nickel grade is higher than common molten point of stove more than 2%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, including the body of heater being located on furnace foundation (1), body of heater includes side
Wall (3), furnace roof (5) and refractory-lined ovens bottom (2) composition, it is characterised in that：
The burner hearth of body of heater is divided into fusion zone (15) and the part of decanting zone (16) two by the partition wall (4) extended downwardly from furnace roof (5)；
Wherein, decanting zone (16) furnace bottom is less than fusion zone furnace bottom；
Fusion zone (15) furnace bottom is designed using tilting, and one end adjacent with decanting zone (16) be downward-sloping and and decanting zone
(16) communicate；
Charging aperture (6) is provided with fusion zone (15) away from the furnace roof of decanting zone (16) one end；Relative two in fusion zone (15)
Side wall is provided with burner；
The graphite electrode (14) through furnace roof is provided with decanting zone (16), is respectively equipped with for slag row in the bottom of decanting zone (16)
The slag exit (7) for going out and thermal state metal outlet (8) discharged for thermal state metal.
2. fuel gas buring according to claim 1 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that partition wall (4) lower end
It is at regular intervals with refractory-lined ovens bottom, it is allowed to which that the fluid of fusing flows to decanting zone (16) in fusion zone (15).
3. fuel gas buring according to claim 1 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that in described sedimentation
The relative both sides in area (16) are arranged symmetrically two fusion zones (15), the furnace bottom angle of inclination of the fusion zone (15) 3-5 ° it
Between.
4. fuel gas buring according to claim 3 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that the fusion zone
(15) the thickness ratio of the thickness of bottom acid refractory and upper strata neutral refractory is 5～10：1.
5. fuel gas buring according to claim 1 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that discharge for slag
Outlet is located at the bottom of decanting zone (16) positioned at the middle and upper part of decanting zone (16) for the outlet that thermal state metal is discharged, and two go out
Mouth is respectively positioned under fusion zone (15) furnace bottom least significant end.
6. fuel gas buring according to claim 1 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that in fusion zone (15)
Interior relative both walls are provided with heat-storage type burner.
7. fuel gas buring according to claim 1 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that decanting zone (16) exist
Running through on furnace roof has graphite electrode (14), and graphite electrode (14) bottom is located on decanting zone (16) furnace bottom.
8. fuel gas buring according to claim 1 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that fusion zone (15) adopt
The mode burnt with combustible gas heating melting materialss, decanting zone (16) using graphite electrode (14) heating and thermal insulation, so as to realize
Metal is separated with slag.
9. fuel gas buring according to claim 1 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that the side of the body of heater
Wall (3), furnace roof (5) and furnace foundation (1) are built into using refractory material and refractory brick.
10. fuel gas buring according to claim 9 and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace, it is characterised in that in side wall (3) and
The built-in cooling Copper Water Jacket of refractory material of furnace roof (5).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111574026A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-25 | 交城义望铁合金有限责任公司 | Tempering and heat-preserving furnace for microcrystalline glass production |
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| CN206724695U (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of fuel gas buring and electric arc combined heat smelting furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB1243568A (en) * | 1968-12-10 | 1971-08-18 | Conzinc Riotinto Ltd | Suspension smelting and refining of metals |
| US4247087A (en) * | 1976-08-25 | 1981-01-27 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag | Furnace installation for the pyrometallurgical treatment of fine-grained ore concentrates |
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| CN111574026A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-25 | 交城义望铁合金有限责任公司 | Tempering and heat-preserving furnace for microcrystalline glass production |
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