CN106640555B - Wind power generating set, heat dissipation system and heat dissipation control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a wind turbine, its heat dissipation system and heat dissipation control method. The heat dissipation system includes: an impeller heat dissipation device, which is installed in the nacelle of the wind turbine. The hot air in the hub of the wind turbine is introduced into the wind turbine through an air duct. The impeller heat dissipation device exchanges heat with the fluid medium in the impeller heat dissipation device; the engine room heat dissipation device is installed in the engine room, and the hot air in the engine room is sucked into the engine room heat dissipation device and interacts with the engine room heat dissipation device. Heat exchange from fluid media in cabin radiators. The above-mentioned heat dissipation system realizes simultaneous heat dissipation of the impeller system and the engine room, and at the same time automatically and intelligently controls the heat dissipation process according to temperature changes.

Description

Wind power generating set, heat dissipation system and heat dissipation control method thereof

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of wind power generation, and in particular, the present invention relates to a wind generator set, a heat dissipation system and a heat dissipation control method thereof.

Background technique

In some wind turbines, the heat dissipation system for cooling the nacelle is installed outside the nacelle, and the heat in the nacelle is transferred to the heat exchanger outside the nacelle through pipes for heat dissipation. This saves space inside the cabin and can reduce the size of the cabin. However, since the heat exchanger is installed obliquely outside the nacelle, the effective area for heat exchange is relatively small, and a large number of heat exchangers are required, which will adversely affect the appearance of the wind turbine.

In addition, the heat dissipation system thus arranged can only cool the nacelle space, but cannot simultaneously cool the interior space of the impeller system to keep the interior within a suitable temperature range. At the same time, this cooling system cannot realize intelligent control, but adjust the cooling method according to the temperature of the surrounding environment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation system and a heat dissipation control method for a wind turbine, so as to simultaneously dissipate the impeller system and the nacelle, and at the same time automatically and intelligently control the heat dissipation process according to temperature changes.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat dissipation system for a wind turbine generator set, the heat dissipation system includes: an impeller heat sink, installed in the nacelle of the wind turbine generator set, and the hot air in the hub of the wind turbine generator set passes through the guide The air duct is introduced into the impeller heat sink and exchanges heat with the fluid medium in the impeller heat sink; the engine room heat sink is installed in the engine room, and the hot air in the engine room is sucked into the engine room A heat sink and heat exchange with the fluid medium in the nacelle heat sink.

Preferably, the heat dissipation system further includes an external heat dissipation device installed outside the nacelle to cool the impeller heat dissipation device and the heated fluid medium in the nacelle heat dissipation device.

Preferably, the impeller heat dissipation device includes: an impeller heat exchanger, which exchanges heat between the hot air from the hub and the fluid medium and discharges the cooled air into the engine room; an impeller heat exchange fan, which passes through the guide The air duct blows the hot air in the hub to the impeller heat exchanger; the duct transports the fluid medium between the impeller heat exchanger and the external heat sink.

Preferably, the cabin heat dissipation device includes: a cabin heat exchanger, which exchanges heat between the hot air in the cabin and the fluid medium and discharges the cooled air into the cabin; a cabin heat exchange fan; Hot air is blown to the cabin heat exchanger; ducts that carry a fluid medium between the cabin heat exchanger and the external heat sink.

Preferably, an electric pump is provided on the pipeline to make the fluid medium flow in the pipeline.

Preferably, the impeller heat sink and the nacelle heat sink are mounted on top of the nacelle.

Preferably, the external heat sink includes an external heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the fluid medium received from the impeller heat sink and the nacelle heat sink with outside air.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a heat dissipation control method for a wind turbine is provided. The heat dissipation control method controls the operation of the above-mentioned heat dissipation system, including _: when the temperature in the hub reaches T1, starting the Impeller cooling device; when the temperature in the nacelle of the wind turbine reaches T2, which is greater _than T1, the engine room cooling device is activated _; when the temperature in the nacelle reaches the highest limit temperature T3 _of the wind turbine, make The wind turbine is stopped; when the temperature in the nacelle drops from T3 to T2, the nacelle cooling device is deactivated _; when the temperature in the _nacelle drops from T2 to _T4 , which is smaller _{than T1} , Deactivate the impeller heat sink.

Preferably, when the temperature in the hub reaches _T1 , the external heat dissipation device is activated.

Preferably, the electric pump is started when the temperature in the nacelle reaches T ₅ which is greater than T ₂ and less than T ₃ .

Preferably, the electric pump is also _deactivated when the temperature in the _nacelle drops from T3 to T2.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a wind power generator set including the above heat dissipation system.

Preferably, the hot air in the tower of the wind turbine enters into the nacelle through the chimney effect, so as to dissipate heat through the nacelle cooling device.

Preferably, after the hot air in the wheel hub is sucked into the impeller heat exchanger of the impeller heat sink, negative pressure is formed in the wheel hub, so that outside air enters the wheel hub.

Preferably, after the nacelle heat exchanger in the nacelle heat sink discharges the cooled air into the nacelle, a positive pressure is formed in the nacelle, thereby forming a flow circulation between the hub and the air in the nacelle.

Through the heat dissipation system and heat dissipation control method provided by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

1. The impeller cooling device for cooling the hub is installed in the engine room, which increases the internal space of the wheel hub, simplifies the installation in the wheel hub, and greatly reduces the failure rate of the impeller cooling device;

2. The heat dissipation of the hub is integrated with the heat dissipation of the engine room and the tower, and a set of secondary heat exchange system is used together, which simplifies the heat dissipation system of the whole machine and reduces the failure rate of components;

3. An external cooling device is installed outside the engine room, and the external air is used as a cold source for heat exchange, so that no additional power is required, so that the hot water in the cooling system can be cooled by the external air, and the reliability of the unit system can be improved at the same time;

4. By installing various heat exchangers and fans on the top of the nacelle, the chimney effect is used, which can save energy and save the space of the nacelle, and can reduce the temperature in the nacelle, hub and tower, and maintain the shape of the nacelle. beauty;

5. According to the temperature in the hub and the engine room, the intelligent control of the heat dissipation process is realized, and the temperature in the unit is adapted to perform adaptive cooling.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a heat dissipation system for a wind turbine is provided, the heat dissipation system is used to cool the hub and the nacelle at the same time, and at the same time, the tower can be cooled to a certain extent through the chimney effect.

The heat dissipation system includes an impeller heat dissipation device and a cabin heat dissipation device both installed in the engine room 3 and an external heat dissipation device installed outside the engine room 3. The hot air in the hub 15 is guided by the air duct 13 and enters the impeller heat dissipation device. , and exchange heat with the fluid medium in the impeller cooling device, and the cooled air is discharged into the nacelle 3 . In this way, a part of the air is sucked away in the hub 15, so a slight negative pressure is generated, and the outside air can enter the hub 15 through the gap on the hub 15, thereby reducing the temperature in the hub 15 and cooling the various components in the hub 15. .

The hot air in the nacelle 3 can be directly sucked into the nacelle radiator and exchange heat with the fluid medium in the nacelle radiator, and the cooled air is discharged into the nacelle 3 . In this way, the temperature inside the nacelle 3 is lowered, and various components in the nacelle 3 are cooled.

Since both the impeller heat sink and the engine room heat sink discharge the cooled air into the engine room 3, a slight positive pressure can be formed in the engine room 3, and at the same time, since the hub 15 can form a slight negative pressure during cooling, the air in the engine room 3 The air can flow to the hub 15, so that the untreated outside air will not enter the nacelle 3, thus avoiding the pollution of the nacelle 3 and reducing the failure rate of various components inside the nacelle.

The fluid medium whose temperature increases after heat exchange with the hot air in the impeller heat sink and the cabin heat sink can flow to the external heat sink for cooling, so that the fluid medium cooled by the external heat sink can flow back to the impeller heat sink And the cabin cooling device, continue to exchange heat with the hot air.

The above-mentioned fluid medium may in particular be water, or other suitable coolant.

Specifically, the impeller heat dissipation device may include an impeller heat exchange fan 12 and an impeller heat exchanger 11 . The impeller heat exchange fan 12 sucks the hot air in the hub 15 through the air duct 13 and makes the hot air flow through the impeller heat exchanger 11 . At this time, due to the slight negative pressure formed in the hub 15 , the outside air can enter the hub 15 . The hot air can exchange heat with the low-temperature fluid medium in the impeller heat exchanger 11 , and then the impeller heat exchanger 11 discharges the air with reduced temperature into the nacelle 3 , thereby realizing heat dissipation to the hub 15 . The impeller heat exchanger 11 can be mounted to the top of the nacelle 3 by means of the mounting bracket 8 .

The pipes of the impeller heat dissipation device can specifically include a water outlet pipe 7 and a water return pipe 4, and the inlet and outlet of the impeller heat exchanger 11 can be connected to the external heat dissipation device through the water outlet pipe 7 and the water return pipe 4 respectively, so as to realize the circulation of the fluid medium.

The cabin heat dissipation device may include a cabin heat exchange fan 10 and a cabin heat exchanger 9. The cabin heat exchange fan 10 sucks the hot air in the cabin 3 and makes the hot air flow through the cabin heat exchanger 9, so that the hot air can be exchanged in the cabin. The heat exchanger 9 exchanges heat with the low-temperature fluid medium, and then the engine room heat exchanger 9 can discharge the air whose temperature has been lowered into the engine room 3 , so as to realize the heat dissipation of the engine room 3 . Likewise, the nacelle heat exchanger 9 can be mounted to the top of the nacelle 3 by means of the mounting brackets 8 .

The pipes of the engine room heat dissipation device may specifically include a water outlet pipe 7 and a water return pipe 4, and the inlet and outlet of the engine room heat exchanger 9 can be connected to the external heat dissipation device through the water outlet pipe 7 and the water return pipe 4 respectively, so as to realize the circulation of the fluid medium. The water outlet pipe and the water return pipe of the engine room heat exchanger 9 and the water outlet pipe and the water return pipe of the impeller heat exchanger 11 may share the same water outlet pipe and the same water return pipe.

The external heat sink may include an external heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat with the external air of the fluid medium with increased temperature flowing from the impeller heat exchanger 11 and the nacelle heat exchanger 9, thereby reducing the temperature of the fluid medium.

Specifically, the fluid medium whose temperature is increased in the impeller heat exchanger 11 and the engine room heat exchanger 9 flows into the external heat exchanger 6 through the water outlet pipe 7, and after the heat exchange with the outside air and the temperature decreases, the fluid medium flows back to the external heat exchanger 6. The water pipe 4 flows back into the impeller heat exchanger 11 and the nacelle heat exchanger 9 .

In order to promote the flow of the fluid medium in the pipeline, an electric pump 5 can be provided on the water outlet pipe 7, so that the fluid medium in the heat dissipation system can be accelerated to circulate between the heat exchanger in the cabin and the heat exchanger outside the cabin to promote heat dissipation.

In addition, a mesh cover 14 may be provided on the air duct 13 .

At the same time, the numbers of the above-mentioned impeller heat sinks, cabin heat sinks and external heat sinks may be appropriately set according to the actual installation situation and heat dissipation requirements, for example, two engine room heat sinks may be set.

When heat dissipation is required, the impeller heat exchange fan 12 sucks the hot air in the hub 15 into the impeller heat exchanger 11 through the air duct, so that the hot air is heated with the relatively low temperature fluid medium in the impeller heat exchanger 11 After exchange, the cooled air can be discharged into the cabin 3, and a certain negative pressure is formed in the hub 15 due to a part of the air being sucked away. Under the action of the negative pressure, the outside air can flow into the hub 15, thereby reducing the hub 15 Air temperature inside and temperature of internal components. When the air temperature in the nacelle 3 reaches the temperature that needs to be dissipated, the nacelle heat exchange fan 10 inhales the hot air in the nacelle 3, so that the hot air exchanges heat with the relatively low temperature fluid medium in the nacelle heat exchanger 9, The cooled air can be discharged into the nacelle 3, thereby reducing the air temperature in the nacelle 3 and the temperature of the internal components.

The fluid medium with higher temperature flowing out from the impeller heat exchanger 11 and the engine room heat exchanger 9 flows into the external heat exchanger 6 through the water outlet pipe 7 under the action of the electric pump 5 , so as to be combined with the external heat exchanger 6 in the external heat exchanger 6 . The external air exchanges heat, so that the temperature of the fluid medium is lowered, and then flows back to the impeller heat exchanger 11 and the cabin heat exchanger 9 through the return pipe 4 to continue heat exchange.

At the same time, due to the action of the negative pressure in the hub 15 and the positive pressure in the nacelle 3 , air circulation can be formed inside the hub 15 and the nacelle 3 .

In addition, there are also heat-generating components in the tower 1 of the wind turbine, such as electrical control cabinets and cables. The hot air in the tower 1 can enter the nacelle 3 upward through the chimney effect, and these hot air can be released from the nacelle. The heat exchanger 9 dissipates heat, and the temperature is lowered. The nacelle heat sink radiates heat to the nacelle 3 and also reduces the temperature in the tower 1 .

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a heat dissipation control method for controlling the above heat dissipation system is provided, and the method will be described below with reference to FIG. 2 .

When the temperature in the hub 15 is lower than T1, the above-mentioned heat dissipation system may not be activated for heat dissipation, the impeller heat exchange fan 12, the impeller heat exchanger 11, the cabin heat exchange fan 10 and the cabin heat exchanger 9 may not be turned on, and the electric pump 5 may not be turned on either. .

When the temperature in the hub 15 reaches T ₁ , the impeller heat dissipation device and the external heat dissipation device are activated to dissipate heat in the inner space of the hub 15 . Specifically, the impeller heat exchange fan 12, the impeller heat exchanger 11 and the external heat exchanger 6 are activated, the hot air in the hub 15 exchanges heat with the fluid medium in the impeller heat exchanger 11, and the air whose temperature is lowered is discharged to the nacelle 3, and the outside air enters into the hub 15 due to the negative pressure in the hub 15, thereby reducing the temperature in the hub 15.

When the temperature in the cabin 3 reaches T ₂ , where T ₂ is greater than T ₁ , the cabin heat dissipation device is further activated to dissipate heat in the cabin 3 . Specifically, the engine room heat exchange fan 10 and the engine room heat exchanger 9 are activated, the hot air in the engine room 3 exchanges heat with the fluid medium in the engine room heat exchanger 9, and the air whose temperature is lowered is discharged into the engine room 3, thereby reducing the temperature of the engine room 3. temperature inside.

When the temperature in the nacelle 3 reaches T ₅ , where T ₅ is greater than T ₂ , the electric pump 5 is further started, thereby accelerating the flow of the fluid medium in the pipeline, promoting the impeller heat exchanger 11 , the nacelle heat exchanger 9 and the external heat exchange The heat exchange in the generator 6 reduces the temperature in the hub 15 and the nacelle 3 more quickly.

When the temperature in the nacelle ₃ reaches the highest limit temperature T3 of the wind power generator set, the wind power generator set stops running to avoid the fault of the wind power generator set due to high temperature.

During the shutdown of the unit, the heat dissipation system is used to continue to dissipate the heat of the engine room and the hub. When the temperature in the engine room ₃ drops from T3 to T2, the temperature in the engine room ₃ is no longer too high, and the engine room heat exchange device is deactivated. In addition, the electric pump 5 can be further deactivated.

When the temperature in the nacelle 3 further drops from T ₂ to T ₄ , where T ₄ is smaller than T ₁ , the temperatures in the nacelle and the hub are relatively low, and heat dissipation can no longer be performed, so the impeller cooling device can be disabled, At this point the cooling system stops working.

It should be noted that during the above control process, the temperature in the hub and the nacelle needs to be measured in real time. Therefore, a plurality of temperature sensors for measuring temperature are provided in the cooling system, and these temperature sensors can transmit the temperature data to the wind turbine. The electric control cabinet, according to these data, controls the operation of each heat exchange fan, heat exchanger, electric pump and other components, thereby controlling the heat dissipation process.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a wind turbine generator set is also provided. The wind turbine generator set has the above-mentioned heat dissipation system and adopts the above-mentioned heat dissipation control method to dissipate heat from the hub, the nacelle and the tower, so as to maintain the generator set in a condition suitable for power generation. within the temperature range.

With the heat dissipation system and method provided by the present invention, under the condition that each heat dissipation device is installed in the nacelle, the hub and the nacelle can be dissipated at the same time, the assembly of the wheel hub is simplified, and the failure rate of the heat dissipation device is reduced. In addition, according to the temperature changes in the wheel hub and the cabin, the appropriate heat dissipation method can be selected, and the heat dissipation process can be controlled automatically and intelligently.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that the principles and spirit of the present invention, which are defined in the scope of the claims and their equivalents, are not departed from. Under the circumstances, these embodiments can be modified and perfected, and these modifications and improvements should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of cooling system for wind power generating set characterized by comprising

Impeller radiator is mounted in the cabin (3) of wind power generating set, and the heat in the wheel hub (15) of wind power generating set is empty Gas be introduced in the impeller radiator by guide duct (13) and with the fluid media (medium) in the impeller radiator Heat exchange；

Cabin heat dissipation device is mounted in the cabin (3), and the hot-air in the cabin (3) is inhaled into the cabin and dissipates Thermal simultaneously exchanges heat with the fluid media (medium) in the cabin heat dissipation device,

Wherein, the impeller radiator includes:

Impeller heat exchanger (11) makes hot-air and the fluid media (medium) heat exchange from the wheel hub (15) and arranges the air after cooling In to the cabin (3)；

Impeller hot-swappable fans (12), by the guide duct (13) by the blowing hot air in the wheel hub (15) to the impeller Heat exchanger (11).

2. cooling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cooling system further includes external radiating device, The external radiating device is mounted on the cabin (3) outside, with the cooling impeller radiator and the cabin heat dissipation device In the fluid media (medium) being heated.

3. cooling system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the impeller radiator further include:

Pipeline, the trandfer fluid medium between the impeller heat exchanger (11) and the external radiating device.

4. cooling system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the cabin heat dissipation device includes:

Cabin heat exchanger (9) makes hot-air and fluid media (medium) in the cabin (3) exchange heat and the air after cooling is discharged to machine In cabin (3)；

Cabin hot-swappable fans (10), by the blowing hot air in the cabin (3) to the cabin heat exchanger (9)；

Pipeline, the trandfer fluid medium between the cabin heat exchanger (9) and the external radiating device.

5. cooling system according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that electrodynamic pump (5) are provided on the pipeline, So that fluid media (medium) flows in the pipeline.

6. cooling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the impeller radiator and cabin heat radiation dress Set the top being mounted in the cabin (3).

7. cooling system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the external radiating device includes external heat exchanger (6), make to exchange heat from the impeller radiator and the received fluid media (medium) of the cabin heat dissipation device and outside air.

8. a kind of cooling control method for wind power generating set, which is characterized in that the cooling control method control is as weighed Benefit require any one of 1 to 7 described in cooling system operation, comprising:

Temperature in the wheel hub (15) reaches T₁When, start the impeller radiator；

Temperature in the cabin (3) of wind power generating set, which reaches, compares T₁Big T₂When, start the cabin heat dissipation device；

Temperature in the cabin (3) reaches the highest threshold temperature T of wind power generating set₃When, stop wind power generating set Machine；

Temperature in the cabin (3) is from T₃Drop to T₂When, deactivate the cabin heat dissipation device；

Temperature in the cabin (3) is from T₂Drop to and compares T₁Small T₄When, deactivate the impeller radiator.

9. cooling control method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the temperature in the wheel hub (15) reaches T₁ When, start external radiating device.

10. cooling control method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the temperature in the cabin (3) reaches ratio T₂Greatly and compare T₃Small T₅When, start electrodynamic pump (5).

11. cooling control method according to claim 10, which is characterized in that temperature in the cabin (3) is from T₃Under Drop to T₂When, also deactivate the electrodynamic pump (5).

12. a kind of wind power generating set, which is characterized in that including the cooling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.