CN106640247A - Thermal power generation system with ejector - Google Patents

Thermal power generation system with ejector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106640247A
CN106640247A CN201611207815.2A CN201611207815A CN106640247A CN 106640247 A CN106640247 A CN 106640247A CN 201611207815 A CN201611207815 A CN 201611207815A CN 106640247 A CN106640247 A CN 106640247A
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working medium
temperature
heat source
pipeline
low
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CN106640247B (en
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张承虎
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
    • F01K3/185—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters using waste heat from outside the plant

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal power generation system with an ejector and relates to a power generation system so as to solve a conflict which exists between the power generation efficiency of a conventional thermal power generation system and the integrated thermal economical efficiency and is difficult to coordinate. The system includes a turbine generator set, a condenser, a liquid accumulator, a throttle expansion valve, a working medium pump, a high-temperature evaporator, a low-temperature evaporator, the ejector, a gas-liquid separator, an adjusting heat exchanger, a steam superheater, a first working medium pipeline, a second working medium pipeline, a third working medium pipeline, a high-temperature heat source pipeline and a first low-temperature heat source pipeline. The thermal power generation system is used in the power generation field.

Description

A kind of heat power generating system with injector
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity generation system, and in particular to a kind of heat power generating system with injector.
Background technology
Current heat power generating system mainly adopts Rankine cycle (Rankin Cycle), working medium mainly from water or Organic working medium, such as freon class working medium or alkanes working medium.The generating efficiency of Rankine cycle is except the thermal physical characteristic with working medium Outside matter is closely related, the difference between evaporating temperature and condensation temperature is depended primarily on, it is however generally that, evaporating temperature is higher, The generating efficiency of Rankine cycle is higher, and condensation temperature is lower, and the generating efficiency of Rankine cycle is also higher.But, in order to pursue Higher generating efficiency and improve evaporating temperature, the outlet temperature that may result in high temperature heat source is too high, and high-grade thermal waste is tight Weight, in order to pursue higher generating efficiency condensation temperature is reduced, and the outlet temperature that may result in cooling thermal source is too low, condensation heat No longer it is worth with heat utilization.This contradiction between the generating efficiency of system and comprehensive heat-economy is given up in utilization more than low temperature It is more common and prominent in the organic Rankine cycle power generation system of heat.
From from the point of view of generated energy, the generated energy of Rankine cycle depends primarily on the caloric receptivity of working medium evaporation process and generates electricity The product of efficiency, it is however generally that, generating efficiency is higher, and the generated energy of Rankine cycle is more, the caloric receptivity of working medium evaporation process More, the generated energy of Rankine cycle is also more.It is seen that, even if the decrease of power generation of system some, but if can The caloric receptivity for realizing working medium evaporation process is significantly increased, be also can safeguards system gross generation it is constant, or even system is total What generated energy was increased slightly.This is difficult to the lance coordinated between generating efficiency and comprehensive heat-economy for solution heat power generating system Shield provides a kind of new resolving ideas.
The content of the invention
It is difficult to assist between generating efficiency in order to solve the presence of conventional thermodynamic electricity generation system of the invention and comprehensive heat-economy The contradiction of tune, and then a kind of heat power generating system with injector is provided.
The technical scheme that adopts to solve the above problems of the present invention is：
1st, it includes turbine power generation unit, condenser, reservoir, throttle expansion valve, working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator, low temperature Evaporimeter, injector, gas-liquid separator, adjustment heat exchanger, steam superheater, the first working medium pipeline, the second working medium pipeline, the 3rd Working medium pipeline, high temperature heat source pipeline and the first low-temperature heat source pipeline, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline successively with the first condenser and tune Suitable heat exchanger connect and through adjustment heat exchanger arrange, high temperature heat source pipeline successively with steam superheater, high-temperature evaporator, adjustment Heat exchanger is connected with cryogenic vaporizer and arranged through cryogenic vaporizer, the entrance of the port of export of injector and the 3rd working medium pipeline End connection, the 3rd working medium pipeline is gentle with steam superheater, turbine power generation unit, condenser, reservoir, cryogenic vaporizer successively The arrival end connection of liquid/gas separator, throttle expansion valve is arranged on the 3rd working medium pipeline between reservoir and cryogenic vaporizer, Gas-liquid separator is connected respectively with the first working medium pipeline arrival end and the second working medium pipeline arrival end, the first working medium pipeline successively with Working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator are connected with the injection Working-fluid intaking end of injector, the second working medium tube outlet end and injector Driven fluid arrival end connection.
2nd, it includes turbine power generation unit, condenser, reservoir, throttle expansion valve, working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator, low temperature Evaporimeter, injector, gas-liquid separator, adjustment heat exchanger, steam superheater, the first working medium pipeline, the second working medium pipeline, the 3rd Working medium pipeline, high temperature heat source pipeline, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline and Four low-temperature heat source pipelines, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline respectively with the arrival end and the 3rd Low Temperature Thermal source capsule of the second low-temperature heat source pipeline Road with arrival end connect, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline is connected successively with the arrival end of condenser and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline, Second low-temperature heat source pipeline is connected successively with adjustment heat exchanger and the arrival end of the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline, high temperature heat source pipeline according to It is secondary to connect with steam superheater, high-temperature evaporator, adjustment heat exchanger and cryogenic vaporizer and arrange through cryogenic vaporizer, injection The port of export of device is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline, the 3rd working medium pipeline successively with steam superheater, turbine generators Group, condenser, reservoir, cryogenic vaporizer are connected with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator, throttle expansion valve be arranged on reservoir with On the 3rd working medium pipeline between cryogenic vaporizer, gas-liquid separator respectively with the first working medium pipeline arrival end and the second working medium tube The connection of road arrival end, the first working medium pipeline successively with the injection Working-fluid intaking end of working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator and injector Connection, the second working medium tube outlet end connects with the driven fluid arrival end of injector.
3rd, it includes turbine power generation unit, condenser, reservoir, throttle expansion valve, working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator, low temperature Evaporimeter, injector, gas-liquid separator, adjustment heat exchanger, steam superheater, the first working medium pipeline, the second working medium pipeline, the 3rd Working medium pipeline, high temperature heat source pipeline and the first low-temperature heat source pipeline, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline is changed successively with condenser and adjustment Hot device is connected and arranged through adjustment heat exchanger, and high temperature heat source pipeline exchanges heat successively with steam superheater, high-temperature evaporator, adjustment Device is connected with cryogenic vaporizer and arranged through cryogenic vaporizer, and the arrival end of the port of export of injector and the 3rd working medium pipeline connects It is logical, the 3rd working medium pipeline successively with steam superheater, turbine power generation unit, condenser, reservoir, working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator Connect with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator, gas-liquid separator respectively with the first working medium pipeline arrival end and the second working medium line entry End connection, the first working medium pipeline connects with the injection Working-fluid intaking end of injector, the second working medium tube outlet end successively with Cryogenic vaporizer is connected with the driven fluid entrance of injector, and throttle expansion valve is arranged on gas-liquid separator and cryogenic vaporizer Between the second working medium pipeline on.
4th, it includes turbine power generation unit, condenser, reservoir, throttle expansion valve, working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator, low temperature Evaporimeter, injector, gas-liquid separator, adjustment heat exchanger, steam superheater, the first working medium pipeline, the second working medium pipeline, the 3rd Working medium pipeline, high temperature heat source pipeline, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline and Four low-temperature heat source pipelines, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline respectively with the arrival end and the 3rd Low Temperature Thermal source capsule of the second low-temperature heat source pipeline Road with arrival end connect, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline is connected successively with the arrival end of condenser and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline, Second low-temperature heat source pipeline is connected successively with adjustment heat exchanger and the arrival end of the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline, high temperature heat source pipeline according to It is secondary to connect with steam superheater, high-temperature evaporator, adjustment heat exchanger and cryogenic vaporizer and arrange through cryogenic vaporizer, injection The port of export of device is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline, the 3rd working medium pipeline successively with steam superheater, turbine generators Group, condenser, reservoir, working medium pump, high-temperature evaporator are connected with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator, and gas-liquid separator is respectively with One working medium pipeline arrival end and the second working medium pipeline arrival end are connected, and the first working medium pipeline enters with the injection working fluid of injector Mouth end connection, the second working medium pipeline is connected successively with the driven fluid arrival end of cryogenic vaporizer and injector, throttling expansion Valve is arranged on the second working medium pipeline between gas-liquid separator and cryogenic vaporizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
Although the 1, the present invention reduces the inlet pressure of turbine power generation unit 1, the generating efficiency of system is reduced, greatly Width reduces the outlet temperature of high temperature heat source, increased the caloric receptivity of working medium evaporation, can be in identical high temperature heat source and low temperature Under conditions of thermal source flow and inlet temperature, realize that generating total amount is constant or even is increased slightly, especially the present invention can increase The temperature levels of low-temperature heat source, the present invention can be greatly reduced the outlet temperature of high temperature heat source, in safeguards system gross generation not Under conditions of change, the temperature levels of cooling thermal source are greatly improved, increase the generate electricity value of discharge used heat and the synthesis of system Heat-economy, so a kind of protect electric temperature-increasing type heat power generating system, " protecting electricity " refers to that guarantee gross generation is not reduced, and " heating " is Referring to increases the temperature levels of cooling thermal source, in order to lift the comprehensive heat-economy of whole heat power generating system.
2nd, the present invention is placed in injector 8 before turbine power generation unit 1, makes full use of the suction energy of high-pressure working medium steam Power, can be in the lower evaporating pressure of the interior creation of cryogenic vaporizer 7 and evaporating temperature, so as to more greatly reduce high temperature heat source Outlet temperature, fully seize high temperature heat source heat energy be used for generate electricity.
3rd, the present invention is provided with gas-liquid separator 9, and is disposed between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 In pipe-line system, the working medium flow distribution between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 can be adaptively met, fully protect The steady operation of card system, reduces the control difficulty of system.
4th, the present invention is provided with adjustment heat exchanger 10, both can adaptively meet high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 Between heat exchange amount ratio, the outlet temperature of lower high temperature heat source is realized, while low-temperature heat source can also be lifted further Outlet temperature.
5th, present invention could apply to waste-heat power generation project or solar energy project more than middle low temperature, can fully seize The heat energy of remaining used heat, lifts the temperature levels of low-temperature heat source while ensureing total generating, meet the requirement of conventional heating, generate electricity with Heating kills two birds with one stone.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the scheme of the specific embodiment of the invention one, and Fig. 2 is the specific embodiment of the invention The overall structure diagram of two schemes, Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of the scheme of the specific embodiment of the invention three, and Fig. 4 is this The overall structure diagram of the scheme of invention specific embodiment four.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment, a kind of heating power with injector described in present embodiment are illustrated with reference to Fig. 1 Electricity generation system, it include turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, reservoir 3, throttle expansion valve 4, working medium pump 5, high-temperature evaporator 6, Cryogenic vaporizer 7, injector 8, gas-liquid separator 9, adjustment heat exchanger 10, steam superheater 11, the first working medium pipeline 41, second Working medium pipeline 42, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43, the low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 of high temperature heat source pipeline 61 and first, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 successively with the first condenser 2 and adjustment heat exchanger 10 connect and through adjustment heat exchanger 10 arrange, high temperature heat source pipeline 61 according to It is secondary to connect and set through cryogenic vaporizer 7 with steam superheater 11, high-temperature evaporator 6, adjustment heat exchanger 10 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 Put, the port of export of injector 8 is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline 43, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43 successively with steam superheater 11st, turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, reservoir 3, cryogenic vaporizer 7 are connected with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator 9, are throttled swollen Swollen valve 4 is arranged on the 3rd working medium pipeline 43 between reservoir 3 and cryogenic vaporizer 7, gas-liquid separator 9 respectively with the first work The arrival end of matter pipeline 41 and the arrival end of the second working medium pipeline 42 are connected, the first working medium pipeline 41 successively with working medium pump 5, high temperature evaporation Device 6 is connected with the injection Working-fluid intaking end of injector 8, and the port of export of the second working medium pipeline 42 is with injector 8 by flow type pump with injection Body arrival end is connected.
The thermodynamic cycle process of present embodiment working medium：Reservoir 3 collects the liquid refrigerant of condensation, and liquid refrigerant is in pressure reduction Driving under, by after the reducing pressure by regulating flow of throttle expansion valve 4 enter cryogenic vaporizer 7, the liquid refrigerant quilt in cryogenic vaporizer 7 High temperature heat source heating and explosive evaporation, carry out gas-liquid separation into gas-liquid separator 9 afterwards, and the liquid refrigerant after separation is by working medium Pump 5 drives and enter after boosting high-temperature evaporator 6, and liquid refrigerant is heated and explosive evaporation by high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6, The high-pressure working medium steam of generation enters injector 8 as injection working fluid, and injection is by 9 points of gas-liquid separator in injector 8 The low pressure working fluid steam for coming is separated out, the middle pressure working substance steam of the outlet of injector 8 is carried out into steam superheater 11 by high temperature heat source After heating, expansion work and generating are carried out in turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2 is entered back into after decrease temperature and pressure, in condensation Gaseous working medium is condensed by low-temperature heat source cooling in device 2, and the liquid refrigerant after condensation enters reservoir 3, so just constitutes work The thermodynamic cycle of matter.Injector 8 and throttle expansion valve 4 have built the environment under low pressure of cryogenic vaporizer 7 and gas-liquid separator 9, draw Emitter 8 and working medium pump 5 have built the hyperbaric environment of high-temperature evaporator 6.
The exothermic process of high temperature heat source：High temperature heat source enters system by high temperature heat source pipeline 61, first in steam superheating Heat release in device 11, heating the middle pressure working substance steam of the outlet of injector 8 can increase the sensible heat amount of working substance steam and follow-up generating Amount, while high temperature heat source is realized lowering the temperature for the first time, high temperature heat source heat release in high-temperature evaporator 6 afterwards, heating high-pressure working medium makes Explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes that second lowers the temperature, afterwards high temperature heat source heat release in adjustment heat exchanger 10, heats low Temperature-heat-source is allowed to heat up, while high temperature heat source realizes that third time is lowered the temperature, the heat release in cryogenic vaporizer 7 of final high temperature thermal source, plus Heat low working medium is allowed to explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes the 4th cooling.High temperature heat source for the first time, second and the 4th The discharged heat of secondary cooling is generated electricity into system, is ensured that gross generation meets and is required, discharged heat of lowering the temperature for the third time The intensification for low-temperature heat source is measured, the temperature levels of low-temperature heat source are improved.
The endothermic process of low-temperature heat source：Low-temperature heat source enters system by the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51, first in condensation Heat absorption in device 2, condenses the working substance steam after expansion work, while the first time for realizing low-temperature heat source heats up, Low Temperature Thermal afterwards Source heat absorption in adjustment heat exchanger 10, the temperature for reducing high temperature heat source is allowed to meet the temperature requirement of working medium thermodynamic cycle, while Realize second intensification of low-temperature heat source.The temperature levels of low-temperature heat source can have more values and synthesis after improving Heat-economy.
The high temperature heat source applied in the present invention can be industrial exhaust steam, the waste gas or flue gas that more than 150 DEG C of high temperature, middle height Liquid water, oil that more than 100 DEG C of temperature etc., or the collection heat carrier of solar energy etc..Low-temperature heat source is primarily referred to as water.Working medium can With using water, freon class working medium, or alkanes working medium.
When the inlet temperature of low-temperature heat source is low, it is adapted to adopt the present embodiment.
The reasons why injector 8 is arranged at into turbine power generation 1 upstream of unit is as follows：Most working medium have following hot thing Rationality matter rule, i.e., when saturation temperature level is higher, the difference of the saturation pressure corresponding to the difference of identical saturation temperature will be more Greatly, it is 0.12335-0.07375=0.04960bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 40 DEG C that such as water temperature is 50 DEG C, and water temperature is 120 DEG C is 1.9854-1.4327=0.5527bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 110 DEG C, when in other words stress level is lower, The difference of the saturation temperature corresponding to the difference of identical saturation pressure will be bigger.Can also be summarized as stress level it is lower when, pressure Heat quality loss is bigger caused by drop institute, and when stress level is higher, heat quality loss is less caused by pressure drop institute.
Based on this rule, the present invention is arranged at injector 8 before turbine power generation unit 1.In order to ensure that injector 8 has Enough ejector capacities, it is necessary to assure certain operting differential pressure is met between the import and export of injector 8.If injector 8 set After being placed in turbine power generation unit 1, because the inlet pressure of injector 8 is low, causing the import and export of injector 8 will meet identical Operting differential pressure, the condensation temperature of condenser 2 must be greatly reduced, it reduce the heat quality and heat economy valency of condensation heat Value.Lower condensation temperature also improves difficulty for the preparation of low-temperature heat source.If injector 8 is arranged at into turbine power generation unit Before 1, due to working substance steam pressure it is very high, it is easier to meet the requirement of the import and export operting differential pressure of injector 8, and injection pressure drop Heat quality loss is less caused by institute, and this is more beneficial for the raising of system synthesis efficiency.
The reasons why arranging steam superheater 11 is as follows：The setting of injector 8 increased the working medium steaming that can be used for expansion power generation The mass flow of vapour, but the pressure into the working substance steam of turbine power generation unit 1 is reduction of, under generating efficiency will be caused Drop, but working substance steam expansion power generation rely primarily on be working substance steam sensible heat heat energy, high temperature heat source can pass through steam superheating Device 11 carries out reheating to the middle pressure working substance steam that injector 8 is exported, and increases the sensible heat heat energy of working substance steam, lifts working medium and steams The temperature of vapour, can so improve the generating efficiency of turbine power generation unit 1, partly or entirely offset due to caused by reduced pressure Generating efficiency is lost, and the generating efficiency of safeguards system is in higher level.
The reasons why arranging gas-liquid separator 9 is as follows：In pipe-line system between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 It is provided with gas-liquid separator 9 so that the liquid refrigerant of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 forms the form of series flow, excellent The evaporation traffic demand of cryogenic vaporizer is first ensured, according to the principle of mass conservation, unevaporated liquid refrigerant disclosure satisfy that naturally The evaporation traffic demand of high-temperature evaporator 6, this system architecture is arranged can adaptively meet high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature steams The working medium flow distribution between device 7 is sent out, the steady operation of system is fully ensured that, the control difficulty of system is reduced.
The reasons why arranging adjustment heat exchanger 10 is as follows：When systems are functioning properly, the state of working medium thermodynamic cycle is clear and definite , i.e., high-temperature evaporator 6 and the respective evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 are clear and definite, and heat exchange amount ratio therebetween It is also clear and definite.If high temperature heat source is directly entered cryogenic vaporizer 7 into after high-temperature evaporator 6, it will high warm occur The temperature drop process in source cannot simultaneously meet the requirement of the ratio of the evaporating temperature and heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7, So that system cannot be realized.
The high temperature heat source inlet temperature of the high-temperature evaporator 6 of such as requirement of system design is 155 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 35 DEG C, the evaporating temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 100 DEG C, and the evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature Heat exchange amount ratio between evaporimeter 7 is 10:6, then if high temperature heat source is directly entered low temperature into after high-temperature evaporator 6 Evaporimeter 7, then maximum temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 55 DEG C, is 65 in the minimum temperature drop of cryogenic vaporizer 7 DEG C, be anyway cannot meet heat exchange amount ratio be 10:6 requirement.
Therefore increase on high temperature heat source pipeline 61 of the present invention between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 and be provided with Adjustment heat exchanger 10, it can be adaptively adjusted the inlet temperature of the high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7, realize cryogenic heat exchanger The regulation of 7 heat exchange amounts so that the ratio of the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 meets the requirement of thermodynamic cycle.
Still above-mentioned example is directed to, the design outlet high temperature heat source temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 105 DEG C, increases adjustment heat exchange After device 10, the adjustment outlet of heat exchanger 10 high temperature heat source temperature can be adjusted to 65 DEG C, the outlet high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7 Temperature is 35 DEG C, then temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 50 DEG C, and the temperature drop in cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, Ignore the ratio thermal change of high temperature heat source, then the ratio that can meet the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 10:6 The requirement of thermodynamic cycle.
Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment, a kind of heating power with injector described in present embodiment are illustrated with reference to Fig. 2 Electricity generation system, it include turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, reservoir 3, throttle expansion valve 4, working medium pump 5, high-temperature evaporator 6, Cryogenic vaporizer 7, injector 8, gas-liquid separator 9, adjustment heat exchanger 10, steam superheater 11, the first working medium pipeline 41, second Working medium pipeline 42, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43, high temperature heat source pipeline 61, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline 52nd, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53 and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 respectively with the second Low Temperature Thermal The arrival end on source capsule road 52 and the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53 with arrival end connect, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53 successively with it is cold Condenser 2 is connected with the arrival end of the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline 52 successively with adjustment heat exchanger 10 and 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54 arrival end connection, high temperature heat source pipeline 61 successively with steam superheater 11, high-temperature evaporator 6, Adjustment heat exchanger 10 is connected with cryogenic vaporizer 7 and arranged through cryogenic vaporizer 7, the port of export of injector 8 and the 3rd working medium Pipeline 43 arrival end connection, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43 successively with steam superheater 11, turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, storage Liquid device 3, cryogenic vaporizer 7 are connected with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator 9, and throttle expansion valve 4 is arranged on reservoir 3 and low-temperature evaporation On the 3rd working medium pipeline 43 between device 7, gas-liquid separator 9 respectively with the arrival end of the first working medium pipeline 41 and the second working medium pipeline 42 arrival ends are connected, and the first working medium pipeline 41 enters successively with the injection working fluid of working medium pump 5, high-temperature evaporator 6 and injector 8 Mouth end connection, the port of export of the second working medium pipeline 42 is connected with the driven fluid arrival end of injector 8.
Present embodiment is that low-temperature heat source enters system by the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 with the difference of embodiment one It is divided into two-way after system, leads up to the heat absorption in condenser 2 of the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53, condenses the work after expansion work Matter steam, while the temperature for realizing the road low-temperature heat source is lifted, separately leads up to the second low-temperature heat source pipeline 52 in adjustment heat exchange Heat absorption in device 10, the temperature for reducing high temperature heat source is allowed to meet the temperature requirement of thermodynamic cycle, while realizing the road low-temperature heat source Temperature lifted, the two-way low-temperature heat source after intensification finally converges and is incorporated to the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54 and outflow system.
The thermodynamic cycle process of present embodiment working medium：Reservoir 3 collects the liquid refrigerant of condensation, and liquid refrigerant is in pressure reduction Driving under, by after the reducing pressure by regulating flow of throttle expansion valve 4 enter cryogenic vaporizer 7, the liquid refrigerant quilt in cryogenic vaporizer 7 High temperature heat source heating and explosive evaporation, carry out gas-liquid separation into gas-liquid separator 9 afterwards, and the liquid refrigerant after separation is by working medium Pump 5 drives and enter after boosting high-temperature evaporator 6, and liquid refrigerant is heated and explosive evaporation by high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6, The high-pressure working medium steam of generation enters injector 8 as injection working fluid, and injection is by 9 points of gas-liquid separator in injector 8 The low pressure working fluid steam for coming is separated out, the middle pressure working substance steam of the outlet of injector 8 is carried out into steam superheater 11 by high temperature heat source After heating, expansion work and generating are carried out in turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2 is entered back into after decrease temperature and pressure, in condensation Gaseous working medium is condensed by low-temperature heat source cooling in device 2, and the liquid refrigerant after condensation enters reservoir 3, so just constitutes work The thermodynamic cycle of matter.Injector 8 and throttle expansion valve 4 have built the environment under low pressure of cryogenic vaporizer 7 and gas-liquid separator 9, draw Emitter 8 and working medium pump 5 have built the hyperbaric environment of high-temperature evaporator 6.
The exothermic process of high temperature heat source：High temperature heat source enters system by high temperature heat source pipeline 61, first in steam superheating Heat release in device 11, heating the middle pressure working substance steam of the outlet of injector 8 can increase the sensible heat amount of working substance steam and follow-up generating Amount, while high temperature heat source is realized lowering the temperature for the first time, high temperature heat source heat release in high-temperature evaporator 6 afterwards, heating high-pressure working medium makes Explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes that second lowers the temperature, afterwards high temperature heat source heat release in adjustment heat exchanger 10, heats low Temperature-heat-source is allowed to heat up, while high temperature heat source realizes that third time is lowered the temperature, the heat release in cryogenic vaporizer 7 of final high temperature thermal source, plus Heat low working medium is allowed to explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes the 4th cooling.High temperature heat source for the first time, second and the 4th The discharged heat of secondary cooling is generated electricity into system, is ensured that gross generation meets and is required, discharged heat of lowering the temperature for the third time The intensification for low-temperature heat source is measured, the temperature levels of low-temperature heat source are improved.
When the inlet temperature of low-temperature heat source is higher, it is adapted to adopt the present embodiment.Because when the import temperature of low-temperature heat source When spending higher, adjustment heat exchanger will be caused using being connected in series still by condenser 2 and adjustment heat exchanger 10 in Low Temperature Thermal source 10 low-temperature heat source inlet temperature is too high and lose accommodation function, and in Low Temperature Thermal source still by condenser 2 and adjustment heat exchange Device 10 can avoid the problem using being connected in series.
The high temperature heat source applied in the present invention can be industrial exhaust steam, the waste gas or flue gas that more than 150 DEG C of high temperature, middle height Liquid water, oil that more than 100 DEG C of temperature etc., or the collection heat carrier of solar energy etc..Low-temperature heat source is primarily referred to as water.Working medium can With using water, freon class working medium, or alkanes working medium.
The reasons why injector 8 is arranged at into turbine power generation 1 upstream of unit is as follows：Most working medium have following hot thing Rationality matter rule, i.e., when saturation temperature level is higher, the difference of the saturation pressure corresponding to the difference of identical saturation temperature will be more Greatly, it is 0.12335-0.07375=0.04960bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 40 DEG C that such as water temperature is 50 DEG C, and water temperature is 120 DEG C is 1.9854-1.4327=0.5527bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 110 DEG C, when in other words stress level is lower, The difference of the saturation temperature corresponding to the difference of identical saturation pressure will be bigger.Can also be summarized as stress level it is lower when, pressure Heat quality loss is bigger caused by drop institute, and when stress level is higher, heat quality loss is less caused by pressure drop institute.
Based on this rule, injector 8 is arranged at the present invention upstream of turbine power generation unit 1.In order to ensure that injector 8 has There are enough ejector capacities, it is necessary to assure certain operting differential pressure is met between the import and export of injector 8.If by injector 8 After being arranged at turbine power generation unit 1, because the inlet pressure of injector 8 is low, causing the import and export of injector 8 will meet phase Same operting differential pressure, must be greatly reduced the condensation temperature of condenser 2, it reduce the heat quality and heat economy of condensation heat Value.Lower condensation temperature also improves difficulty for the preparation of low-temperature heat source.If injector 8 is arranged at into turbine generators Before group 1, due to working substance steam pressure it is very high, it is easier to meet the requirement of the import and export operting differential pressure of injector 8, and injection pressure Heat quality loss is less caused by drop institute, and this is more beneficial for the raising of system synthesis efficiency.
The reasons why arranging steam superheater 11 is as follows：The setting of injector 8 increased the working medium steaming that can be used for expansion power generation The mass flow of vapour, but the pressure into the working substance steam of turbine power generation unit 1 is reduction of, under generating efficiency will be caused Drop, but working substance steam expansion power generation rely primarily on be working substance steam sensible heat heat energy, high temperature heat source can pass through steam superheating Device 11 carries out reheating to the middle pressure working substance steam that injector 8 is exported, and increases the sensible heat heat energy of working substance steam, lifts working medium and steams The temperature of vapour, can so improve the generating efficiency of turbine power generation unit 1, partly or entirely offset due to caused by reduced pressure Generating efficiency is lost, and the generating efficiency of safeguards system is in higher level.
The reasons why arranging gas-liquid separator 9 is as follows：In pipe-line system between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 It is provided with gas-liquid separator 9 so that the liquid refrigerant of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 forms the form of series flow, excellent The evaporation traffic demand of cryogenic vaporizer is first ensured, according to the principle of mass conservation, unevaporated liquid refrigerant disclosure satisfy that naturally The evaporation traffic demand of high-temperature evaporator 6, this system architecture is arranged can adaptively meet high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature steams The working medium flow distribution between device 7 is sent out, the steady operation of system is fully ensured that, the control difficulty of system is reduced.
The reasons why arranging adjustment heat exchanger 10 is as follows：When systems are functioning properly, the state of working medium thermodynamic cycle is clear and definite , i.e., high-temperature evaporator 6 and the respective evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 are clear and definite, and heat exchange amount ratio therebetween It is also clear and definite.If high temperature heat source is directly entered cryogenic vaporizer 7 into after high-temperature evaporator 6, it will high warm occur The temperature drop process in source cannot simultaneously meet the requirement of the ratio of the evaporating temperature and heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7, So that system cannot be realized.
The high temperature heat source inlet temperature of the high-temperature evaporator 6 of such as requirement of system design is 155 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 35 DEG C, the evaporating temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 100 DEG C, and the evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature Heat exchange amount ratio between evaporimeter 7 is 10:6, then if high temperature heat source is directly entered low temperature into after high-temperature evaporator 6 Evaporimeter 7, then maximum temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 55 DEG C, is 65 in the minimum temperature drop of cryogenic vaporizer 7 DEG C, be anyway cannot meet heat exchange amount ratio be 10:6 requirement.
Therefore increase on high temperature heat source pipeline 61 of the present invention between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 and be provided with Adjustment heat exchanger 10, it can be adaptively adjusted the inlet temperature of the high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7, realize cryogenic heat exchanger The regulation of 7 heat exchange amounts so that the ratio of the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 meets the requirement of thermodynamic cycle.
Still above-mentioned example is directed to, the design outlet high temperature heat source temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 105 DEG C, increases adjustment heat exchange After device 10, the adjustment outlet of heat exchanger 10 high temperature heat source temperature can be adjusted to 65 DEG C, the outlet high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7 Temperature is 35 DEG C, then temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 50 DEG C, and the temperature drop in cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, Ignore the ratio thermal change of high temperature heat source, then the ratio that can meet the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 10:6 The requirement of thermodynamic cycle.
Specific embodiment three：Present embodiment, a kind of heating power with injector described in present embodiment are illustrated with reference to Fig. 3 Electricity generation system, it include turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, reservoir 3, throttle expansion valve 4, working medium pump 5, high-temperature evaporator 6, Cryogenic vaporizer 7, injector 8, gas-liquid separator 9, adjustment heat exchanger 10, steam superheater 11, the first working medium pipeline 41, second Working medium pipeline 42, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43, the low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 of high temperature heat source pipeline 61 and first, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 successively with condenser 2 and adjustment heat exchanger 10 connect and through adjustment heat exchanger 10 arrange, high temperature heat source pipeline 61 successively with Steam superheater 11, high-temperature evaporator 6, adjustment heat exchanger 10 are connected with cryogenic vaporizer 7 and arranged through cryogenic vaporizer 7, The port of export of injector 8 is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline 43, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43 successively with steam superheater 11, Turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, reservoir 3, working medium pump 5, high-temperature evaporator 6 are connected with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator 9, gas Liquid/gas separator 9 is connected respectively with the arrival end of the first working medium pipeline 41 and the arrival end of the second working medium pipeline 42, the first working medium pipeline 41 Connect with the injection Working-fluid intaking end of injector 8, the port of export of the second working medium pipeline 42 successively with cryogenic vaporizer 7 and injection The driven fluid entrance of device 8 is connected, and throttle expansion valve 4 is arranged on the second working medium between gas-liquid separator 9 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 On pipeline 42.
The endothermic process of low-temperature heat source：Low-temperature heat source enters system by the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51, first in condensation Heat absorption in device 2, condenses the working substance steam after expansion work, while the first time for realizing low-temperature heat source heats up, Low Temperature Thermal afterwards Source heat absorption in adjustment heat exchanger 10, the temperature for reducing high temperature heat source is allowed to meet the temperature requirement of working medium thermodynamic cycle, while Realize second intensification of low-temperature heat source.The temperature levels of low-temperature heat source can have more values and synthesis after improving Heat-economy.
The high temperature heat source applied in the present invention can be industrial exhaust steam, the waste gas or flue gas of high temperature (more than 150 DEG C), in Liquid water, oil of high temperature (more than 100 DEG C) etc., or the collection heat carrier of solar energy etc..Low-temperature heat source is primarily referred to as water.Work Matter can use water, freon class working medium, or alkanes working medium.
When the inlet temperature of low-temperature heat source is low, it is adapted to adopt the present embodiment.
The thermodynamic cycle process of working medium：Reservoir 3 collects the liquid refrigerant of condensation, and liquid refrigerant drives liter by working medium pump 5 High-temperature evaporator 6 is entered after pressure, liquid refrigerant is entered afterwards by high temperature heat source heating simultaneously explosive evaporation in high-temperature evaporator 6 Gas-liquid separator 9 carries out gas-liquid separation, and the liquid refrigerant after separation is by entering low temperature after the reducing pressure by regulating flow of restriction expansion device 4 Evaporimeter 7, liquid refrigerant is heated and explosive evaporation by high temperature heat source in cryogenic vaporizer 7, what gas-liquid separator 9 was separated High-pressure working medium steam enters injector 8 as injection working fluid, and injection evaporates generation by cryogenic vaporizer 7 in injector 8 Low-pressure steam, injector 8 outlet middle pressure working substance steam heated by high temperature heat source into steam superheater 11 after, enter Expansion work and generating are carried out in turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2 is entered back into after decrease temperature and pressure, the gaseous state work in condenser 2 Matter is condensed by low-temperature heat source cooling, and the liquid refrigerant after condensation enters reservoir 3, and the heating power for so just constituting working medium is followed Ring.Injector 8 and restriction expansion device 4 have built the environment under low pressure of cryogenic vaporizer 7, and injector 8 and working medium pump 5 have built height The hyperbaric environment of warm evaporimeter 6 and gas-liquid separator 9.
The exothermic process of high temperature heat source：High temperature heat source enters system by high temperature heat source pipeline 61, first in steam superheating Heat release in device 11, heating the middle pressure working substance steam of the outlet of injector 8 (can increase the sensible heat amount of working substance steam and follow-up generating Amount), while high temperature heat source is realized lowering the temperature for the first time, high temperature heat source heat release in high-temperature evaporator 6 afterwards, heating high-pressure working medium makes Explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes that second lowers the temperature, afterwards high temperature heat source heat release in adjustment heat exchanger 10, heats low Temperature-heat-source is allowed to heat up, while high temperature heat source realizes that third time is lowered the temperature, the heat release in cryogenic vaporizer 7 of final high temperature thermal source, plus Heat low working medium is allowed to explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes the 4th cooling.High temperature heat source for the first time, second and the 4th The discharged heat of secondary cooling is generated electricity into system, is ensured that gross generation meets and is required, discharged heat of lowering the temperature for the third time The intensification for low-temperature heat source is measured, the temperature levels of low-temperature heat source are improved.
The reasons why injector 8 is arranged at into turbine power generation 1 upstream of unit is as follows：Most working medium have following hot thing Rationality matter rule, i.e., when saturation temperature level is higher, the difference of the saturation pressure corresponding to the difference of identical saturation temperature will be more Greatly, it is 0.12335-0.07375=0.04960bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 40 DEG C that such as water temperature is 50 DEG C, and water temperature is 120 DEG C is 1.9854-1.4327=0.5527bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 110 DEG C, when in other words stress level is lower, The difference of the saturation temperature corresponding to the difference of identical saturation pressure will be bigger.Can also be summarized as stress level it is lower when, pressure Heat quality loss is bigger caused by drop institute, and when stress level is higher, heat quality loss is less caused by pressure drop institute.
Based on this rule, injector 8 is arranged at the present invention upstream of turbine power generation unit 1.In order to ensure that injector 8 has There are enough ejector capacities, it is necessary to assure certain operting differential pressure is met between the import and export of injector 8.If by injector 8 After being arranged at turbine power generation unit 1, because the inlet pressure of injector 8 is low, causing the import and export of injector 8 will meet phase Same operting differential pressure, must be greatly reduced the condensation temperature of condenser 2, it reduce the heat quality and heat economy of condensation heat Value.Lower condensation temperature also improves difficulty for the preparation of low-temperature heat source.If injector 8 is arranged at into turbine generators Before group 1, due to working substance steam pressure it is very high, it is easier to meet the requirement of the import and export operting differential pressure of injector 8, and injection pressure Heat quality loss is less caused by drop institute, and this is more beneficial for the raising of system synthesis efficiency.
The reasons why arranging steam superheater 11 is as follows：The setting of injector 8 increased the working medium steaming that can be used for expansion power generation The mass flow of vapour, but the pressure into the working substance steam of turbine power generation unit 1 is reduction of, under generating efficiency will be caused Drop, but working substance steam expansion power generation rely primarily on be working substance steam sensible heat heat energy, high temperature heat source can pass through steam superheating Device 11 carries out reheating to the middle pressure working substance steam that injector 8 is exported, and increases the sensible heat heat energy of working substance steam, lifts working medium and steams The temperature of vapour, can so improve the generating efficiency of turbine power generation unit 1, partly or entirely offset due to caused by reduced pressure Generating efficiency is lost, and the generating efficiency of safeguards system is in higher level.
The reasons why arranging gas-liquid separator 9 is as follows：In pipe-line system between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 It is provided with gas-liquid separator 9 so that the liquid refrigerant of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 forms the form of series flow, excellent The evaporation traffic demand of cryogenic vaporizer is first ensured, according to the principle of mass conservation, unevaporated liquid refrigerant disclosure satisfy that naturally The evaporation traffic demand of high-temperature evaporator 6, this system architecture is arranged can adaptively meet high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature steams The working medium flow distribution between device 7 is sent out, the steady operation of system is fully ensured that, the control difficulty of system is reduced.
The reasons why arranging adjustment heat exchanger 10 is as follows：When systems are functioning properly, the state of working medium thermodynamic cycle is clear and definite , i.e., high-temperature evaporator 6 and the respective evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 are clear and definite, and heat exchange amount ratio therebetween It is also clear and definite.If high temperature heat source is directly entered cryogenic vaporizer 7 into after high-temperature evaporator 6, it will high warm occur The temperature drop process in source cannot simultaneously meet the requirement of the ratio of the evaporating temperature and heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7, So that system cannot be realized.
The high temperature heat source inlet temperature of the high-temperature evaporator 6 of such as requirement of system design is 155 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 35 DEG C, the evaporating temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 100 DEG C, and the evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature Heat exchange amount ratio between evaporimeter 7 is 10:6, then if high temperature heat source is directly entered low temperature into after high-temperature evaporator 6 Evaporimeter 7, then maximum temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 55 DEG C, is 65 in the minimum temperature drop of cryogenic vaporizer 7 DEG C, be anyway cannot meet heat exchange amount ratio be 10:6 requirement.
Therefore increase on high temperature heat source pipeline 61 of the present invention between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 and be provided with Adjustment heat exchanger 10, it can be adaptively adjusted the inlet temperature of the high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7, realize cryogenic heat exchanger The regulation of 7 heat exchange amounts so that the ratio of the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 meets the requirement of thermodynamic cycle.
Still above-mentioned example is directed to, the design outlet high temperature heat source temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 105 DEG C, increases adjustment heat exchange After device 10, the adjustment outlet of heat exchanger 10 high temperature heat source temperature can be adjusted to 65 DEG C, the outlet high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7 Temperature is 35 DEG C, then temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 50 DEG C, and the temperature drop in cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, Ignore the ratio thermal change of high temperature heat source, then the ratio that can meet the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 10:6 The requirement of thermodynamic cycle.
Specific embodiment four：Present embodiment, a kind of heating power with injector described in present embodiment are illustrated with reference to Fig. 4 Electricity generation system, it include turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, reservoir 3, throttle expansion valve 4, working medium pump 5, high-temperature evaporator 6, Cryogenic vaporizer 7, injector 8, gas-liquid separator 9, adjustment heat exchanger 10, steam superheater 11, the first working medium pipeline 41, second Working medium pipeline 42, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43, high temperature heat source pipeline 61, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline 52nd, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53 and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54, the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 respectively with the second Low Temperature Thermal The arrival end on source capsule road 52 and the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53 with arrival end connect, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53 successively with it is cold Condenser 2 is connected with the arrival end of the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline 52 successively with adjustment heat exchanger 10 and 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54 arrival end connection, high temperature heat source pipeline 61 successively with steam superheater 11, high-temperature evaporator 6, Adjustment heat exchanger 10 is connected with cryogenic vaporizer 7 and arranged through cryogenic vaporizer 7, the port of export of injector 8 and the 3rd working medium Pipeline 43 arrival end connection, the 3rd working medium pipeline 43 successively with steam superheater 11, turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2, storage Liquid device 3, working medium pump 5, high-temperature evaporator 6 are connected with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator 9, gas-liquid separator 9 respectively with the first working medium The arrival end of pipeline 41 and the arrival end of the second working medium pipeline 42 are connected, the injection working fluid of the first working medium pipeline 41 and injector 8 Arrival end is connected, and the second working medium pipeline 42 is connected successively with the driven fluid arrival end of cryogenic vaporizer 7 and injector 8, is saved Stream expansion valve 4 is arranged on the second working medium pipeline 42 between gas-liquid separator 9 and cryogenic vaporizer 7.
Present embodiment is that low-temperature heat source enters system by the first low-temperature heat source pipeline 51 with the difference of embodiment three It is divided into two-way after system, leads up to the heat absorption in condenser 2 of the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline 53, condenses the work after expansion work Matter steam, while the temperature for realizing the road low-temperature heat source is lifted, separately leads up to the second low-temperature heat source pipeline 52 in adjustment heat exchange Heat absorption in device 10, the temperature for reducing high temperature heat source is allowed to meet the temperature requirement of thermodynamic cycle, while realizing the road low-temperature heat source Temperature lifted, the two-way low-temperature heat source after intensification finally converges and is incorporated to the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline 54 and outflow system.
When the inlet temperature of low-temperature heat source is higher, it is adapted to adopt the present embodiment.Because when the import temperature of low-temperature heat source When spending higher, adjustment heat exchanger will be caused using being connected in series still by condenser 2 and adjustment heat exchanger 10 in Low Temperature Thermal source 10 low-temperature heat source inlet temperature is too high and lose accommodation function, and in Low Temperature Thermal source still by condenser 2 and adjustment heat exchange Device 10 can avoid the problem using being connected in series.
The thermodynamic cycle process of working medium：Reservoir 3 collects the liquid refrigerant of condensation, and liquid refrigerant drives liter by working medium pump 5 High-temperature evaporator 6 is entered after pressure, liquid refrigerant is entered afterwards by high temperature heat source heating simultaneously explosive evaporation in high-temperature evaporator 6 Gas-liquid separator 9 carries out gas-liquid separation, and the liquid refrigerant after separation is by entering low temperature after the reducing pressure by regulating flow of restriction expansion device 4 Evaporimeter 7, liquid refrigerant is heated and explosive evaporation by high temperature heat source in cryogenic vaporizer 7, what gas-liquid separator 9 was separated High-pressure working medium steam enters injector 8 as injection working fluid, and injection evaporates generation by cryogenic vaporizer 7 in injector 8 Low-pressure steam, injector 8 outlet middle pressure working substance steam heated by high temperature heat source into steam superheater 11 after, enter Expansion work and generating are carried out in turbine power generation unit 1, condenser 2 is entered back into after decrease temperature and pressure, the gaseous state work in condenser 2 Matter is condensed by low-temperature heat source cooling, and the liquid refrigerant after condensation enters reservoir 3, and the heating power for so just constituting working medium is followed Ring.Injector 8 and restriction expansion device 4 have built the environment under low pressure of cryogenic vaporizer 7, and injector 8 and working medium pump 5 have built height The hyperbaric environment of warm evaporimeter 6 and gas-liquid separator 9.
The exothermic process of high temperature heat source：High temperature heat source enters system by high temperature heat source pipeline 61, first in steam superheating Heat release in device 11, heating the middle pressure working substance steam of the outlet of injector 8 (can increase the sensible heat amount of working substance steam and follow-up generating Amount), while high temperature heat source is realized lowering the temperature for the first time, high temperature heat source heat release in high-temperature evaporator 6 afterwards, heating high-pressure working medium makes Explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes that second lowers the temperature, afterwards high temperature heat source heat release in adjustment heat exchanger 10, heats low Temperature-heat-source is allowed to heat up, while high temperature heat source realizes that third time is lowered the temperature, the heat release in cryogenic vaporizer 7 of final high temperature thermal source, plus Heat low working medium is allowed to explosive evaporation, while high temperature heat source realizes the 4th cooling.High temperature heat source for the first time, second and the 4th The discharged heat of secondary cooling is generated electricity into system, is ensured that gross generation meets and is required, discharged heat of lowering the temperature for the third time The intensification for low-temperature heat source is measured, the temperature levels of low-temperature heat source are improved.
The high temperature heat source applied in the present invention can be industrial exhaust steam, the waste gas or flue gas of high temperature (more than 150 DEG C), in Liquid water, oil of high temperature (more than 100 DEG C) etc., or the collection heat carrier of solar energy etc..Low-temperature heat source is primarily referred to as water.Work Matter can use water, freon class working medium, or alkanes working medium.
The reasons why injector 8 is arranged at into turbine power generation 1 upstream of unit is as follows：Most working medium have following hot thing Rationality matter rule, i.e., when saturation temperature level is higher, the difference of the saturation pressure corresponding to the difference of identical saturation temperature will be more Greatly, it is 0.12335-0.07375=0.04960bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 40 DEG C that such as water temperature is 50 DEG C, and water temperature is 120 DEG C is 1.9854-1.4327=0.5527bar with the saturation pressure reduction corresponding to 110 DEG C, when in other words stress level is lower, The difference of the saturation temperature corresponding to the difference of identical saturation pressure will be bigger.Can also be summarized as stress level it is lower when, pressure Heat quality loss is bigger caused by drop institute, and when stress level is higher, heat quality loss is less caused by pressure drop institute.
Based on this rule, injector 8 is arranged at the present invention upstream of turbine power generation unit 1.In order to ensure that injector 8 has There are enough ejector capacities, it is necessary to assure certain operting differential pressure is met between the import and export of injector 8.If by injector 8 After being arranged at turbine power generation unit 1, because the inlet pressure of injector 8 is low, causing the import and export of injector 8 will meet phase Same operting differential pressure, must be greatly reduced the condensation temperature of condenser 2, it reduce the heat quality and heat economy of condensation heat Value.Lower condensation temperature also improves difficulty for the preparation of low-temperature heat source.If injector 8 is arranged at into turbine generators Before group 1, due to working substance steam pressure it is very high, it is easier to meet the requirement of the import and export operting differential pressure of injector 8, and injection pressure Heat quality loss is less caused by drop institute, and this is more beneficial for the raising of system synthesis efficiency.
The reasons why arranging steam superheater 11 is as follows：The setting of injector 8 increased the working medium steaming that can be used for expansion power generation The mass flow of vapour, but the pressure into the working substance steam of turbine power generation unit 1 is reduction of, under generating efficiency will be caused Drop, but working substance steam expansion power generation rely primarily on be working substance steam sensible heat heat energy, high temperature heat source can pass through steam superheating Device 11 carries out reheating to the middle pressure working substance steam that injector 8 is exported, and increases the sensible heat heat energy of working substance steam, lifts working medium and steams The temperature of vapour, can so improve the generating efficiency of turbine power generation unit 1, partly or entirely offset due to caused by reduced pressure Generating efficiency is lost, and the generating efficiency of safeguards system is in higher level.
The reasons why arranging gas-liquid separator 9 is as follows：In pipe-line system between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 It is provided with gas-liquid separator 9 so that the liquid refrigerant of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 forms the form of series flow, excellent The evaporation traffic demand of cryogenic vaporizer is first ensured, according to the principle of mass conservation, unevaporated liquid refrigerant disclosure satisfy that naturally The evaporation traffic demand of high-temperature evaporator 6, this system architecture is arranged can adaptively meet high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature steams The working medium flow distribution between device 7 is sent out, the steady operation of system is fully ensured that, the control difficulty of system is reduced.
The reasons why arranging adjustment heat exchanger 10 is as follows：When systems are functioning properly, the state of working medium thermodynamic cycle is clear and definite , i.e., high-temperature evaporator 6 and the respective evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 are clear and definite, and heat exchange amount ratio therebetween It is also clear and definite.If high temperature heat source is directly entered cryogenic vaporizer 7 into after high-temperature evaporator 6, it will high warm occur The temperature drop process in source cannot simultaneously meet the requirement of the ratio of the evaporating temperature and heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7, So that system cannot be realized.
The high temperature heat source inlet temperature of the high-temperature evaporator 6 of such as requirement of system design is 155 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 35 DEG C, the evaporating temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 100 DEG C, and the evaporating temperature of cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, high-temperature evaporator 6 and low temperature Heat exchange amount ratio between evaporimeter 7 is 10:6, then if high temperature heat source is directly entered low temperature into after high-temperature evaporator 6 Evaporimeter 7, then maximum temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 55 DEG C, is 65 in the minimum temperature drop of cryogenic vaporizer 7 DEG C, be anyway cannot meet heat exchange amount ratio be 10:6 requirement.
Therefore increase on high temperature heat source pipeline 61 of the present invention between high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 and be provided with Adjustment heat exchanger 10, it can be adaptively adjusted the inlet temperature of the high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7, realize cryogenic heat exchanger The regulation of 7 heat exchange amounts so that the ratio of the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 meets the requirement of thermodynamic cycle.
Still above-mentioned example is directed to, the design outlet high temperature heat source temperature of high-temperature evaporator 6 is 105 DEG C, increases adjustment heat exchange After device 10, the adjustment outlet of heat exchanger 10 high temperature heat source temperature can be adjusted to 65 DEG C, the outlet high temperature heat source of cryogenic vaporizer 7 Temperature is 35 DEG C, then temperature drop of the high temperature heat source in high-temperature evaporator 6 is 50 DEG C, and the temperature drop in cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 30 DEG C, Ignore the ratio thermal change of high temperature heat source, then the ratio that can meet the heat exchange amount of high-temperature evaporator 6 and cryogenic vaporizer 7 is 10:6 The requirement of thermodynamic cycle.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of heat power generating system with injector, it is characterised in that：It include turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), Reservoir (3), throttle expansion valve (4), working medium pump (5), high-temperature evaporator (6), cryogenic vaporizer (7), injector (8), gas-liquid Separator (9), adjustment heat exchanger (10), steam superheater (11), the first working medium pipeline (41), the second working medium pipeline (42), the Three working medium pipelines (43), high temperature heat source pipeline (61) and the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51), the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51) according to It is secondary to connect with the first condenser (2) and adjustment heat exchanger (10) and arrange through adjustment heat exchanger (10), high temperature heat source pipeline (61) successively with steam superheater (11), high-temperature evaporator (6), adjustment heat exchanger (10) and cryogenic vaporizer (7) connect and wear Cryogenic vaporizer (7) setting is crossed, the port of export of injector (8) is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline (43), the 3rd working medium Pipeline (43) successively with steam superheater (11), turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), reservoir (3), cryogenic vaporizer (7) connect with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator (9), throttle expansion valve (4) be arranged on reservoir (3) and cryogenic vaporizer (7) it Between the 3rd working medium pipeline (43) on, gas-liquid separator (9) respectively with the first working medium pipeline (41) arrival end and the second working medium tube Road (42) arrival end connects, and the first working medium pipeline (41) draws successively with working medium pump (5), high-temperature evaporator (6) and injector (8) The connection of Working-fluid intaking end is penetrated, second working medium pipeline (42) port of export is connected with the driven fluid arrival end of injector (8).
2. a kind of heat power generating system with injector, it is characterised in that：It include turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), Reservoir (3), throttle expansion valve (4), working medium pump (5), high-temperature evaporator (6), cryogenic vaporizer (7), injector (8), gas-liquid Separator (9), adjustment heat exchanger (10), steam superheater (11), the first working medium pipeline (41), the second working medium pipeline (42), the Three working medium pipelines (43), high temperature heat source pipeline (61), the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51), the second low-temperature heat source pipeline (52), Three low-temperature heat source pipelines (53) and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline (54), the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51) respectively with the second Low Temperature Thermal The arrival end on source capsule road (52) and the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline (53) with arrival end connect, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline (53) according to The secondary arrival end with condenser (2) and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline (54) is connected, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline (52) successively with tune Suitable heat exchanger (10) connects with the arrival end of the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline (54), high temperature heat source pipeline (61) successively with steam superheating Device (11), high-temperature evaporator (6), adjustment heat exchanger (10) are connected with cryogenic vaporizer (7) and set through cryogenic vaporizer (7) Put, the port of export of injector (8) is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline (43), the 3rd working medium pipeline (43) successively with steam Superheater (11), turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), reservoir (3), cryogenic vaporizer (7) and gas-liquid separator (9) Arrival end is connected, and throttle expansion valve (4) is arranged on the 3rd working medium pipeline (43) between reservoir (3) and cryogenic vaporizer (7) On, gas-liquid separator (9) is connected respectively with the first working medium pipeline (41) arrival end and the second working medium pipeline (42) arrival end, and first Working medium pipeline (41) is connected successively with the injection Working-fluid intaking end of working medium pump (5), high-temperature evaporator (6) and injector (8), Second working medium pipeline (42) port of export is connected with the driven fluid arrival end of injector (8).
3. a kind of heat power generating system with injector, it is characterised in that：It include turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), Reservoir (3), throttle expansion valve (4), working medium pump (5), high-temperature evaporator (6), cryogenic vaporizer (7), injector (8), gas-liquid Separator (9), adjustment heat exchanger (10), steam superheater (11), the first working medium pipeline (41), the second working medium pipeline (42), the Three working medium pipelines (43), high temperature heat source pipeline (61) and the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51), the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51) according to It is secondary to connect and arrange through adjustment heat exchanger (10) with adjustment heat exchanger (10) with condenser (2), high temperature heat source pipeline (61) according to It is secondary to connect and through low temperature with steam superheater (11), high-temperature evaporator (6), adjustment heat exchanger (10) and cryogenic vaporizer (7) Evaporimeter (7) is arranged, and the port of export of injector (8) is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline (43), the 3rd working medium pipeline (43) successively with steam superheater (11), turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), reservoir (3), working medium pump (5), high temperature steam Send out device (6) connect with the arrival end of gas-liquid separator (9), gas-liquid separator (9) respectively with the first working medium pipeline (41) arrival end Connect with the second working medium pipeline (42) arrival end, the injection Working-fluid intaking end of the first working medium pipeline (41) and injector (8) Connection, the second working medium pipeline (42) is connected successively with the driven fluid entrance of cryogenic vaporizer (7) and injector (8), is throttled Expansion valve (4) is arranged on the second working medium pipeline (42) between gas-liquid separator (9) and cryogenic vaporizer (7).
4. a kind of heat power generating system with injector, it is characterised in that：It include turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), Reservoir (3), throttle expansion valve (4), working medium pump (5), high-temperature evaporator (6), cryogenic vaporizer (7), injector (8), gas-liquid Separator (9), adjustment heat exchanger (10), steam superheater (11), the first working medium pipeline (41), the second working medium pipeline (42), the Three working medium pipelines (43), high temperature heat source pipeline (61), the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51), the second low-temperature heat source pipeline (52), Three low-temperature heat source pipelines (53) and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline (54), the first low-temperature heat source pipeline (51) respectively with the second Low Temperature Thermal The arrival end on source capsule road (52) and the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline (53) with arrival end connect, the 3rd low-temperature heat source pipeline (53) according to The secondary arrival end with condenser (2) and the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline (54) is connected, the second low-temperature heat source pipeline (52) successively with tune Suitable heat exchanger (10) connects with the arrival end of the 4th low-temperature heat source pipeline (54), high temperature heat source pipeline (61) successively with steam superheating Device (11), high-temperature evaporator (6), adjustment heat exchanger (10) are connected with cryogenic vaporizer (7) and set through cryogenic vaporizer (7) Put, the port of export of injector (8) is connected with the arrival end of the 3rd working medium pipeline (43), the 3rd working medium pipeline (43) successively with steam Superheater (11), turbine power generation unit (1), condenser (2), reservoir (3), working medium pump (5), high-temperature evaporator (6) and gas-liquid Separator (9) arrival end connection, gas-liquid separator (9) respectively with the first working medium pipeline (41) arrival end and the second working medium pipeline (42) arrival end connection, the first working medium pipeline (41) is connected with the injection Working-fluid intaking end of injector (8), the second working medium tube Road (42) connects successively with the driven fluid arrival end of cryogenic vaporizer (7) and injector (8), and throttle expansion valve (4) is arranged On the second working medium pipeline (42) between gas-liquid separator (9) and cryogenic vaporizer (7).
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CN101025096A (en) * 2007-03-27 2007-08-29 陈深佃 Generating system utilizing low-temperature heat-source or environment heat-source to generat power
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