CN106623933A - Manufacturing method for shape follow-up supporting model for selective laser melting metal additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for shape follow-up supporting model for selective laser melting metal additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106623933A CN106623933A CN201710040828.3A CN201710040828A CN106623933A CN 106623933 A CN106623933 A CN 106623933A CN 201710040828 A CN201710040828 A CN 201710040828A CN 106623933 A CN106623933 A CN 106623933A
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- Prior art keywords
- followed
- profile
- bolster model
- model
- bolster
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
- B22F10/47—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards characterised by structural features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method for a shape follow-up supporting model for selective laser melting metal additive manufacturing. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps of: a, establishing a model of a three-dimensional part by utilizing a three-dimensional drawing software; b, determining the position of a shape follow-up support; c, manufacturing an original shape follow-up supporting model according to the position determined in the step b; d, putting the original shape follow-up supporting model on the position determined in the step b; e, removing a part, superposed with the part, in the original shape follow-up supporting model through Boolean operation to obtain a middle shape follow-up supporting model; and f, pruning away the excessive part of the middle shape follow-up supporting model through a pruning function to obtain a final shape follow-up supporting model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material increasing field, and in particular to profile-followed of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing
The preparation method of hold mode type.
Background technology
The increasing material manufacturing of precinct laser fusion metal has similar manufacture state to metal welding, i.e., in the fabrication process can
Produce substantial amounts of heat.Certain thermograde can be formed when material thermal conductivity is little and/or part shape is unfavorable for radiating；And
And due to Melting And Solidification when differing heights, horizontal direction zones of different are different.Thermograde and it is different when Melting And Solidification the two
Factor can cause very big internal stress, if do not improved by rational method, part can produce torsional deformation, hinder manufacture
The continuation of process.Enable and complete manufacture, part also can produce larger shape position error because of deformation, affect to use.To understand
Certainly the problem, needs to grow some extra structures to improve above-mentioned condition while part is grown, we term it supporting
(support)。
At present more conventional supporting form has network, tree structure and entity structure etc., can will increase material system
The heat produced during making is transmitted to substrate, so as to reduce thermograde；Support and there is certain intensity, part can be resisted
Stress deformation；And support can also play a part of load bearing element weight, because powder is loose and cannot hold with mobility
Weight.Fig. 1 (a)～Fig. 1 (c) is the schematic diagram of above-mentioned supporting construction, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) is lattice support, and Fig. 1 (b) is tree-like
Support, Fig. 1 (c) is solid support.
It is above-mentioned to be supported by a common feature, exactly in the case where the increasing material manufacturing position of part has been fixed, support
It is added on face of the part with horizontal plane angle less than a certain number of degrees (usually 40 ° or so).Powder is transversely full of around part
End, because powder belongs to discontinuous body, there are a large amount of spaces in centre, therefore thermal conductivity is poor, only the function of auxiliary heat dissipation, and
Support then serves the Main Function of radiating, and it can vertically downward conduct the heat that part is produced in the fabrication process.Fig. 2
A () and Fig. 2 (b) show the schematic diagram for arranging above-mentioned general support, wherein, Fig. 2 (a) is front view, and Fig. 2 (b) is top view.
Part 208 is grown on substrate 201 using laser 205, general support 202 is set between substrate 201 and part 208, wherein
203 is un-sintered powder, and 204 is current sinter layer, and 206 is molded part, and 207 is unformed part.As described above, general
202 are supported can vertically downward to conduct the heat that part is produced in the fabrication process, however, when internal cause is (such as material, part shape
Shape) and external cause (later stage machining) together decide on and cause part put orientation be unfavorable for vertical direction radiate when, will produce
The very big thermograde of life, the differing heights, sustained height zones of different along with part solidify when different, will produce very big
Internal stress, it is recited above be generally supported at heat conduction and opposing stress deformation aspect can all seem beyond one's ability.Additionally, when zero
Insufficient rigidity and when there is stress in part horizontal direction, can only constrain the above-mentioned support of deformation in part vertical direction to this
It is helpless.Once part deforms in the fabrication process, manufacture process can be caused to continue, be caused on time and materials
Waste.Allow to complete manufacture, as deforming and making part produce shape position error, affect normally using for part.
The content of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of new supporting form, i.e., supports with the shape.When general
Supporting form can not meet cooling requirements of the part during increasing material manufacturing, and/or part performance level analysis deficiency, typically
Supporting form when cannot play effect of contraction, the profile-followed support of the present invention can play auxiliary heat dissipation effect and in the horizontal direction
Physical constraint effect is played, so as to reduce internal stress, resistance to deformation.
According to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing
Preparation method, comprise the following steps：A. the model of 3 d part is created using three-dimensional graphics software；B. profile-followed support is determined
Position；C. original profile-followed bolster model is made according to step b defined location；D. the original profile-followed bolster model is placed on
Position determined by step b；E. part Chong Die with the part in the original profile-followed bolster model is passed through into Boolean calculation
Cut, obtain middle profile-followed bolster model；F. the unnecessary part of the profile-followed bolster model in the centre is repaiied by clipping function
Cut, obtain final profile-followed bolster model.
The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing of the invention, the step
Position determined by rapid b be the position of the part radiating condition difference and/or insufficient rigidity drawn by theory analysis or according to
The position of the appearance deformation that front manufacture result determines.
The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing of the invention, the step
The original profile-followed bolster model made in rapid c is one or more, the profile of multiple original profile-followed bolster models it is identical or
Differ.
The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing of the invention, the step
The original profile-followed bolster model made in rapid c is tabular.
The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing of the invention, the original
Begin profile-followed bolster model thickness range be 1mm～50mm.
The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing of the invention, the step
In rapid e, by the state modulator for subtracting computing so that coordinate shape for gap between the profile-followed bolster model in centre and the part
State.
The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing of the invention, it is described between
The scope of gap is 0～5mm.
The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing of the invention, the step
The unnecessary part of profile-followed bolster model is part and the horizontal direction that the part is higher by short transverse in the middle of described in rapid f
It is upper to ensure one fixed width and make to be supported by the part having more in the case of enough rigidity with the shape.
The profile-followed support made by the preparation method of the present invention has certain width and thickness, enough firm so as to have
Degree can constrain the deformation of part.Additionally, profile-followed support keep suitable gap with part and contact with substrate, such that it is able to receive
The heat and part that collection part is produced during increasing material manufacturing is transmitted to the heat that cannot be distributed in powder, and is passed
Guide, the larger thermograde that part is caused because radiating condition is bad can be significantly reduced, so as to reduce internal stress, reduce heat
Stress deformation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a)～Fig. 1 (c) is the schematic diagram of at present conventional supporting form, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) is lattice support, Fig. 1
B () is tree-like support, Fig. 1 (c) is solid support.
Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) they are the general schematic diagram for supporting of setting, wherein, Fig. 2 (a) is front view, and Fig. 2 (b) is vertical view
Figure.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the profile-followed parameter for supporting.
Fig. 5 (a)～Fig. 5 (c) shows the schematic diagram of radiating state.Wherein, Fig. 5 (a) is to be not provided with dissipating for profile-followed support
The front view of Warm status, Fig. 5 (b) is provided with the front view of the radiating state of profile-followed support, and Fig. 5 (c) is provided with profile-followed
The top view of the radiating state of support.
Specific embodiment
Precinct laser fusion metal increases material manufacturing technology according to the three-dimensional modeling data of part, by former with material
Cumulative mode makes physical part.The preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of the present invention is discussed in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Need
It is noted that accompanying drawing is for illustration only explanation, it is impossible to be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the flow chart of the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of the present invention.In step S301, using three-dimensional system
The model of figure software creation 3 d part.Specifically, the form of 3 d part model needs, opening three compatible with graphics software
Dimension graphics software, the 3 d part model to be added profile-followed support is loaded in software, then by part according to final increasing
Putting position and angle needed for material manufacture is well placed in graphics software.
In step S302, it is determined that the profile-followed position for supporting, that is to say, that it is determined that needing where to arrange profile-followed support.Really
The method of the fixed profile-followed position for supporting has various, for example, gains knowledge with structure and heating power, and analysis part radiating condition is poor
And/or the position of insufficient rigidity, it is defined as arranging the position of profile-followed support；Or the result that 3d is printed with reference to before, will
The position for deformation occur is defined as arranging the position of profile-followed support.
In step S303, according to position determined by step S302, create that one or more profiles are identical or profile is different
Original profile-followed bolster model.Profile-followed bolster model is usually tabular, and the thickness range of profile-followed bolster model is 1～50mm, according to
Depending on according to the material and pattern of part, also dependent on actual conditions the profile-followed bolster model of other shapes is created.Profile-followed support will
There is certain thickness, so profile-followed support has enough rigidity, such that it is able to constrain the deformation of part.Fig. 4 is profile-followed support
Parameter schematic diagram, wherein, 401 represent the profile-followed quantity for supporting, and 402 represent the profile-followed thickness for supporting, and 403 represent profile-followed
The width of support, 404 represent the profile-followed gap supported with part, and the parameter can be related to below.Profile-followed support shown in figure
Parameter be example, the profile-followed various parameters for supporting can be determined according to actual conditions.
In step S304, each the original profile-followed bolster model created in step S303 is placed on into step S302 and is determined
Position.
In step S305, middle profile-followed bolster model is made.Specifically, it is successively that each is profile-followed with Boolean calculation
The part Chong Die with part cuts in bolster model, obtains middle profile-followed bolster model, and by subtracting the state modulator of computing, makes
Profile-followed in the middle of obtaining is clearance fit state between bolster model and part, and the arbitrary value in the range of the desirable 0～5mm of gap width is somebody's turn to do
Gap width is determined by factors such as parts size precision requirement, material thermal conductivities.The repeatable experiment of condition such as can pass through is carried out really
It is fixed, also can empirically determine.The profile-followed gap supported with part of 404 representatives in Fig. 4.
In step S306, final profile-followed bolster model is made.Specifically, by clipping function, by middle profile-followed support
The unnecessary part of model, is such as higher by the part of part and horizontal direction in short transverse and ensures one fixed width and make profile-followed support
There is the part having more in the case of enough rigidity, can prune away, obtain final profile-followed bolster model, so can be with material-saving
And manufacturing time, and reduce the stress of itself.Each the profile-followed extreme lower position for supporting for finally giving is a zero point face, make with
Shape is supported based on substrate, face contact growth, it is ensured that each supports with the shape oneself not deform and has good passage of heat.
In addition, some profile-followed support of addition is distinguished from into a part with part.Profile-followed support has suitable gap and and base with part
Plate is face contact, and thus, profile-followed support can play a part of auxiliary heat conduction.
Make after model according to above step, part is carried out according still further to increasing material manufacturing part general data handling procedure
The general addition for supporting and slicing treatment, profile-followed support carries out slicing treatment as a part, and sintering parameter is adopted and part
Identical sintering parameter.
Fig. 5 (a)～Fig. 5 (c) shows the schematic diagram of radiating state.Wherein, Fig. 5 (a) is to be not provided with dissipating for profile-followed support
The front view of Warm status, Fig. 5 (b) is provided with the front view of the radiating state of profile-followed support, and Fig. 5 (c) is provided with profile-followed
The top view of the radiating state of support.
As shown in Fig. 5 (a), powder is transversely full of around part, because powder belongs to discontinuous body, centre exists a large amount of
Space, therefore thermal conductivity is poor, the only function of auxiliary heat dissipation, and general support then serves the Main Function of radiating, it
The heat that part is produced in the fabrication process can vertically downward be conducted.However, when internal cause (such as material, part shape) and external cause
(later stage machining) together decide on and cause part put orientation be unfavorable for vertical direction radiate when, very big temperature will be produced
Degree gradient, the differing heights, sustained height zones of different along with part solidify when different, will produce very big internal stress,
Being generally supported at heat conduction and opposing stress deformation aspect can all seem beyond one's ability.
As shown in Fig. 5 (b) and Fig. 5 (c), in addition to general support, profile-followed support, 301 generations in figure are also provided with
Table is supported with the shape, and the profile-followed support of the present invention is a kind of contactless solid support, has higher thermal conductivity compared to powder
Can, there is the gap of very little between part, heat and part that part produces during increasing material manufacturing can be collected and be transmitted to
The heat that cannot be distributed in powder, and being conducted away, can significantly reduce that part causes because radiating condition is bad is larger
Thermograde, so as to reduce internal stress, reduce thermal stress deformation.It is simultaneously profile-followed to support the gap for there was only very little with part,
Effect of contraction physically can be played to part, the deformation of part, the manufacture for preventing part from causing because of thermal stress deformation is resisted
Interrupt or part morpheme size is overproof and the consequence that cannot use, so as to the costs such as time-consuming, material, the method operation letter
It is single, flexibly, with higher practical value.
Various embodiments of the present invention and implementation situation is described above.But, the spirit and scope of the present invention are not
It is limited to this.Those skilled in the art are possible to teaching of the invention and make more applications, and these applications are all at this
Within the scope of invention.
That is, the above embodiment of the present invention is only clearly to illustrate examples of the invention, rather than to this
The restriction of invention embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also do on the basis of the above description
Go out the change or variation of other multi-forms.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.It is all in the present invention
Spirit and principle within made any modification, replacement or improve etc., should be included in the protection model of the claims in the present invention
Within enclosing.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing, comprises the following steps：
A. the model of 3 d part is created using three-dimensional graphics software；
B. the profile-followed position for supporting is determined；
C. original profile-followed bolster model is made according to step b defined location；
D. the original profile-followed bolster model is placed on into position determined by step b；
E. part Chong Die with the part in the original profile-followed bolster model is cut by Boolean calculation, obtain it is middle with
Shape bolster model；
F. by clipping function by the unnecessary trimmed away of the profile-followed bolster model in the centre, a final hold mode with the shape is obtained
Type.
2. the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing according to claim 1,
Wherein,
Position determined by step b is the position of the part radiating condition difference and/or insufficient rigidity drawn by theory analysis
The position of the appearance deformation put or determined according to former manufacture result.
3. the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing according to claim 1,
Wherein,
The original profile-followed bolster model made in step c is one or more, multiple original profile-followed bolster models
Profile is identical or differs.
4. the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing according to claim 1,
Wherein,
The original profile-followed bolster model made in step c is tabular.
5. the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing according to claim 4,
Wherein,
The thickness range of the original profile-followed bolster model is 1mm～50mm.
6. the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing according to claim 1,
Wherein,
In step e, by the state modulator for subtracting computing so that be between the profile-followed bolster model in centre and the part
Clearance fit state.
7. the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing according to claim 6,
Wherein,
The scope in the gap is 0～5mm.
8. the preparation method of the profile-followed bolster model of precinct laser fusion metal increasing material manufacturing according to claim 1,
Wherein,
The unnecessary part of profile-followed bolster model is the part that the part is higher by short transverse in the middle of described in step f
Make to be supported by with the shape the part having more in the case of enough rigidity with one fixed width is ensured in horizontal direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710040828.3A CN106623933A (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Manufacturing method for shape follow-up supporting model for selective laser melting metal additive manufacturing |
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| CN201710040828.3A CN106623933A (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Manufacturing method for shape follow-up supporting model for selective laser melting metal additive manufacturing |
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| WO2019036415A1 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2019-02-21 | Formlabs, Inc. | Techniques for producing thermal support structures in additive fabrication and related systems and methods |
| CN109848410A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-07 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing device and method of high-freedom degree parts with complex structures |
| CN110421164A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-11-08 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of metal increasing material manufacturing method for supporting and device based on profile-followed substrate |
| CN111496252A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-07 | 武汉萨普科技股份有限公司 | S L M printing method and system capable of controlling deformation of thin-wall structure |
| CN112338203A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江天雄工业技术有限公司 | Powder recycling method, conformal powder supporting structure and design method thereof |
| CN113600832A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-05 | 西安航天发动机有限公司 | Powder-saving structure design method for selective laser melting and forming block-shaped support |
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| CN111496252A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-07 | 武汉萨普科技股份有限公司 | S L M printing method and system capable of controlling deformation of thin-wall structure |
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| CN113600832A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-05 | 西安航天发动机有限公司 | Powder-saving structure design method for selective laser melting and forming block-shaped support |
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