CN106617214B

CN106617214B - Full-feeding self-cleaning bean picker

Info

Publication number: CN106617214B
Application number: CN201611131637.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王全中
Original assignee: Chongqing Suteng Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Suteng Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-09
Filing date: 2016-12-09
Publication date: 2020-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-09
Also published as: CN106617214A

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-feeding self-cleaning bean picker, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The invention mainly solves the problems of single function and complex structure of the existing bean picker. The invention comprises a frame, a feeding device positioned at the top end of the frame, a first separating device for separating bean pods and straws, a conveying device for conveying separated objects, a rotatable baking cylinder for separating the bean pods, a second separating device for separating separated beans and pod residues and a vibrating block device for cleaning. The invention realizes the mechanized operation from bean picking to threshing, greatly improves the working efficiency, and reduces the damage to human bodies when soybeans are manually threshed.

Description

Full-feeding self-cleaning bean picker

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bean processing machinery, in particular to a bean picker for soybeans.

Background

Soybeans, also called soybeans, belong to annual herbs, and are plants 30-90 cm high, thick and upright in stem.

Legumes, are the specific fruit types of legumes. Its ovary is grown in fleshy state, but after it is ripened, it is dried, and is divided into two parts along the sewing line, and the seeds are aligned in a row, and can be scattered on the ground by cracking of fruit peel. The seed covered with the pod is also known as soybean.

When the soybeans are picked, the soybean plants need to be pulled up along with roots, and then the soybeans in the bean pods are separated. This pod and root combination results in a soybean plant, commonly referred to as green soy bean. At present, the picking of green soy beans still adopts manual work, ripe green soy beans are reaped the back together with leaf, pod, through a period of insolation, then the manual work is patted for soybean and pod separation, such mode is taken a lot of work and is taken time, seriously influenced the results and the machining efficiency of soybean, increased people's intensity of labour, and the picking processing of pod is the work that the amount of labour is great again, the long-term work very easily makes people feel tired, serious person can even produce irreversible harm to people's health.

In order to solve the problem of high labor intensity of manually picking and processing green soybeans, bean pickers have been developed. The existing bean picker comprises a rack, a feeding device, a first separating device, a conveying device, a second separating device and a bean bin. Although the existing bean picker solves the mechanical problem of picking soybean pods, the existing machine does not have the automatic threshing function, and the separation of soybeans and pod shells is mostly manually stripped, so that labor and time are wasted, the soybean harvesting and processing efficiency is seriously affected, and the labor intensity is increased. In addition, because the pods need to be dried in the sun and flapped before the soybeans and the pod shells are manually peeled off, much dust is generated, which is very bad for the respiratory health of people.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a full-feeding self-cleaning bean picker, which aims to solve the problem that the conventional bean picker cannot automatically peel soybeans and bean hulls.

The first scheme is as follows: the full-feeding self-cleaning bean picker comprises a rack, a feeding device, a first separation device, a baking cylinder, a second separation device and a collection device, wherein the feeding device, the first separation device, the baking cylinder, the second separation device and the collection device are arranged on the rack, the feeding device, the first separation device, the second separation device, the baking cylinder, the second separation device and the collection device are sequentially connected and used for conveying soybean plants, the first separation device is used for separating pods, the baking cylinder is used for drying and crushing the pods, the second; the baking cylinder comprises a cylinder wall and a rotating shaft positioned on the axis of the baking cylinder; an outer separation claw is vertically arranged on the cylinder wall, and an inner separation claw in contact with the outer separation claw is arranged on the rotating shaft; the baking cylinder is obliquely arranged, and the lower part of the cylinder wall is uniformly distributed with leakage holes for discharging soybeans and separated substances; the upper part of the baking cylinder is provided with an air guide hole; the second separating device comprises a second inclined plate which is hinged on the rack and has the same inclination direction with the baking cylinder, a third inclined plate which is positioned below the leakage hole and has the opposite inclination direction with the second inclined plate, and a guide plate which has the same inclination direction with the second inclined plate; a discharge port for the pod shells to fall into the collecting device is formed between the third sloping plate and the guide plate; a screen is arranged at the position, close to the discharge hole, of the third inclined plate, and a fan capable of blowing air upwards through the screen is arranged below the screen; the bottom end of the second inclined plate abuts against the position, at the upper end of the screen, of the third inclined plate; an air duct for air to pass through is formed between the second inclined plate and the guide plate, and the second inclined plate is provided with a vent hole; the vent hole can be communicated with the air guide hole. .

The working principle is as follows:

the soybean plants are placed in a soybean picking machine and are conveyed to a first separating device through a feeding device. The first separating means separates the pods from the soybean plants and delivers the pods to the roasting drum. When the pod is baked by the baking cylinder, the inner separation claw is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, so that the pod between the inner separation claw and the outer separation claw is crushed, and the soybeans are separated from pod shells.

Open the fan, the fan sees through the screen cloth and upwards bloies, makes the second swash plate receive ascending thrust of wind and round the pin joint upward movement. The second swash plate moves upward, and its bottom no longer with the third swash plate butt, exposes the pore that supplies soybean and pod shell to pass through. Meanwhile, because the second inclined plate moves upwards, the position of the vent hole of the second inclined plate is contacted with the position of the air guide hole of the baking cylinder, and the vent hole is communicated with the air guide hole on the baking cylinder. The wind of the fan blows upwards along the wind channel formed by the second inclined plate and the guide plate and enters the baking cylinder through the vent hole and the wind guide hole. The soybeans and the pod shells in the baking cylinder are all blown out from the leakage holes. The soybeans and the pod shells fall onto the third sloping plate and pass through a duct formed by the third sloping plate and the second sloping plate along the third sloping plate to the position of the screen. Because the pod shells are light, the soybeans are blown to the guide plates by the wind blown from the fan, and the soybeans directly fall from the screen due to the heavier soybeans. At this time, the soybeans can be collected only by placing a container for containing the soybeans below the screen.

The fan is turned off, and the pod shells on the guide plate fall into the collecting device along the guide plate under the action of self gravity through a discharge hole formed by the guide plate and the third inclined plate to be collected.

Has the advantages that:

1. the second sloping plate is originally abutted against the third sloping plate to block the hole for the soybean and the soybean pod shell to flow out. When the fan starts to blow, the second inclined plate moves upwards under the action of the thrust in the wind direction, and the pore passage for the soybeans and the pod shells to pass through is exposed.

2. The second swash plate is being blown by the fan and is getting upward motion's in-process, and the second swash plate contacts with baking a section of thick bamboo, makes ventilation hole and guiding hole intercommunication. The air blown out of the fan enters the baking cylinder, and the soybeans and the pod shells are blown out of the leakage holes together, so that the effect of cleaning the baking cylinder is achieved, and power for conveying the soybeans and the pod shells to the third inclined plate is formed.

3. When the soybeans and the soybean pod shells pass through the screen, the soybeans are winnowed by wind blown from the fan, and the soybean pod shells are blown open, so that the soybeans are directly separated out through the screen.

4. The legume shell that is blown on the deflector by the fan stops blowing the back at the fan, falls to collection device along the deflector that the slope set up under the effect of self gravity, effectively collects the legume shell, not only avoids the legume shell to fly in disorder the polluted environment, can also recycle the legume shell that collects.

According to the invention, the pods are crushed through the relative motion between the inner separating claw and the outer separating claw, the soybeans are separated from the pod shells, and the soybeans are separated from the pod shells by the fan, so that the purpose of automatically peeling the soybeans and the pod shells is realized. The production efficiency of soybean threshing is improved. Meanwhile, because the soybeans and the bean pod shells are stirred and separated by the separating claws in the closed baking cylinder, the dust generated in the process is closed in a closed space, the damage of the dust to the body of people is greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Scheme II: further, the roasting cylinder is inclined 1-5 ° to the horizontal.

The inclined baking cylinder can enable the soybeans to directly slide to the leaking hole under the action of gravity, and is beneficial to blowing the soybeans and the bean pod shells to the leaking hole quickly through wind entering from the wind guide hole in the upper portion, and discharging the soybeans quickly through the leaking hole. Furthermore, when the baking cylinder is cleaned, residues such as bean pods can slide down from the leakage hole under the action of gravity, so that the cleaning of the baking cylinder is facilitated.

The third scheme is as follows: furthermore, the outer separation claw is provided with a groove for the inner separation claw to pass through, and the inner separation claw and the outer separation claw are crossed with each other.

The inner separation claw on the rotating shaft and the outer separation claw on the cylinder wall interact better and faster to realize the purpose of peeling off the soybeans. The inner separating claw can be crossed with the outer separating claw in the process of rotating along with the rotating shaft, so that the bean pods clamped between the inner separating claw and the outer separating claw are crushed by two forces in opposite directions. The roasting cylinder can be made to separate the soybeans and the pod shells through the inner separating claw and the outer separating claw during the rotation.

And the scheme is as follows: further, the first separating device includes a pod picker for picking the pods and a first inclined plate positioned below the pod picker for transferring the pods to the roasting cylinder.

The pods are removed from the soybean plants by a bean picker and then transferred to a roasting drum by a first ramp.

And a fifth scheme: the lower end of the guide plate is connected with a vibration device used for driving the rack to vibrate.

Drive the frame vibration through vibrating device, make each structure that sets up in the frame all follow the vibration for the motion between soybean and the pod shell makes its quickly separating.

Scheme six: further, the vibrating device is a vibrating block arranged between the guide plate and the collecting device.

Set up the vibrating mass between deflector and collection device, can directly give deflector and collection device with vibration energy transfer, can directly shake off the pod shell on the deflector and gather collection device, the collection device shake can make the pod shell of the inside stack even inseparable so that adorn more pod shells. In addition, the collecting device and the guide plate are connected to the machine frame and are end point connecting structures of other structures, so that the vibrating energy can be transmitted to all parts of the machine through the collecting device and the guide plate, and the soybeans and the pod shells on all the parts can move rapidly.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a baking cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

The drawings in the specification are numbered as follows: the bean picker comprises a rack 1, a fixed bayonet 2, a sliding block 3, a bean picker 4, a motor 5, a first inclined plate 6, a baking cylinder 7, a leakage hole 7.2, a rotating shaft 7.3, an inner separation claw 7.4, an outer separation claw 7.5, a second inclined plate 8, a ventilation hole 8.1, a switch 9, a fan 10, a screen 11, a third inclined plate 12, a guide plate 13, a vibrating block 14 and a collecting device 16.

The full-feeding type self-cleaning bean picker shown in fig. 1 comprises a frame 1, a feeding device, a first separation device, a baking cylinder 7, a second separation device and a collection device 16, wherein the feeding device is used for conveying soybean plants, the first separation device is used for separating pods, the baking cylinder 7 is used for drying and crushing the pods, the second separation device is used for separating soybeans from pod shells, and the collection device is used for collecting the pod shells, and the feeding device is arranged on the frame 1 and is sequentially connected with the first separation device.

The roasting cylinder 7 is inclined 1-5 deg. to the horizontal. The obliquely arranged baking cylinder 7 can enable the soybeans to directly slide to the leakage hole 7.2 under the action of gravity, so that the soybeans and the bean pod shells can be quickly blown to the leakage hole 7.2 through air entering from the air guide hole in the upper part, and the soybeans can be quickly discharged through the leakage hole 7.2. Furthermore, when cleaning the baking cylinder 7, residues such as pod shells can also slide down from the leakage holes 7.2 under the action of gravity, which is helpful for cleaning the baking cylinder 7.

The baking cylinder 7 comprises a cylinder wall and a rotating shaft 7.3 positioned on the axis of the baking cylinder 7; an outer separation claw 7.5 is vertically arranged on the cylinder wall, and an inner separation claw 7.4 which is contacted with the outer separation claw 7.5 is arranged on the rotating shaft 7.3; the baking cylinder 7 is arranged obliquely, and the lower part of the cylinder wall is uniformly distributed with leakage holes 7.2 for discharging soybeans and separated substances; the upper part of the baking cylinder 7 is provided with an air guide hole.

As shown in fig. 2, the separating claws comprise an inner separating claw 7.4 and an outer separating claw 7.5 which are evenly distributed on the same circular cross section; the outer separation claw 7.5 is arranged on the cylinder wall and extends radially inwards, and the inner separation claw 7.4 is arranged on the rotating shaft and extends radially outwards; the inner 7.4 and outer 7.5 separating fingers cross each other. The outer separating claw 7.5 is provided with a groove for the inner separating claw 7.4 to pass through, and the inner separating claw 7.4 and the outer separating claw 7.5 are crossed with each other. The inner separation claw 7.4 on the rotating shaft 7.3 and the outer separation claw 7.5 on the cylinder wall interact better and faster to realize the purpose of peeling off the soybeans. The inner separating claw 7.4 will cross the outer separating claw 7.5 during the rotation along with the rotating shaft 7.3, so that the pod clamped between the inner separating claw 7.4 and the outer separating claw 7.5 is broken by two forces in opposite directions. The roasting cylinder 7 can be made to separate the soybeans and the pod shells during rotation by means of the inner 7.4 and outer 7.5 separating jaws.

The first separating means comprises a pod picker 4 for picking pods and a first ramp 6 located below the pod picker 4 for transferring pods to the roasting cylinder 7. The pods are removed from the soybean plants by the picker 4 and then transferred to the roasting cylinder 7 by the first inclined plate 6.

The second separating device comprises a second inclined plate 8 which is hinged on the frame 1 and has the same inclination direction with the baking cylinder 7, a third inclined plate 12 which is positioned below the leakage hole 7.2 and has the opposite inclination direction with the second inclined plate 8, and a guide plate 13 which has the same inclination direction with the second inclined plate 8; a discharge port for the pod shells to fall into the collecting device 16 is formed between the third inclined plate 12 and the guide plate 13; a screen 11 is arranged at the position of the third inclined plate 12 close to the discharge hole, and a fan 10 capable of blowing air upwards through the screen 11 is arranged below the screen 11; the bottom end of the second inclined plate 8 abuts against the position, located at the upper end of the screen mesh 11, of the third inclined plate 12; an air duct for air to pass through is formed between the second inclined plate 8 and the guide plate 13, and a vent hole 8.1 is formed in the second inclined plate 8; the ventilation hole 8.1 can be communicated with the air guide hole.

The lower end of the guide plate 13 is connected with a vibration device for driving the frame 1 to vibrate. Drive the vibration of frame 1 through vibrating device, make each structure that sets up on the frame 1 all follow the vibration for the motion between soybean and the pod shell makes its quickly separating.

The vibrating means is a vibrating mass 14 arranged between the guide plate 13 and the collecting means 16. With the vibrating mass 14 setting between deflector 13 and collection device 16, can directly transmit vibration energy to deflector 13 and collection device 16, can directly shake the pod shell on deflector 13 off to collection device 16 and gather, collection device 16 shakes and to make the pod shell of the inside stack even inseparable so that adorn more pod shells. In addition, the collecting device 16 and the guide plate 13 are connected to the frame 1, and are terminal connection structures of other structures, so that the energy of vibration can be transmitted to all parts of the machine through the collecting device 16 and the guide plate 13, and the soybeans and the pod shells on all parts can be moved rapidly.

The feeding device comprises a horizontal rod and a vertical plate, the horizontal rod is horizontally arranged, the vertical plate is connected to the horizontal rod in a sliding mode, and the bottom end of the vertical plate abuts against the rack 1. The right side of the vertical plate is provided with a sliding block 3 which is connected on the cross rod in a sliding way, and a fixed bayonet 2 for clamping the soybean plants is formed between the vertical plate and the sliding block 3. The right end of the cross bar is communicated to the bean picker 4. The bean picker 4 is two pair roller gears symmetrically arranged at two sides of the cross rod. The motor 5 drives the counter roller gear and the rotating shaft 7.3 in the baking cylinder 7 to rotate. A switch 9 having nine buttons for turning on or off the motor 5 and the blower 10 is installed at the outside of the housing 1.

During operation, put the soybean plant and block on fixed bayonet 2, promote the riser and push the soybean plant to between two pair roller gear. And stirring the close soybean plants by the pair of roller gears, and picking the pods off. The pods are transferred from left to right to the baking cylinder 7 by a first ramp 6 below the double roller gear. When the pod is heated by the baking cylinder 7, the rotating shaft 7.3 drives the inner separation claw 7.4 to rotate, so that the pod between the inner separation claw 7.4 and the outer separation claw 7.5 is crushed, and the soybeans are separated from pod shells.

When the fan 10 is turned on, the fan 10 blows air upward through the screen 11, and the second inclined plate 8 is pushed upward in the wind direction to move upward around the hinge point. The second sloping plate 8 moves upwardly and its left end no longer abuts the third sloping plate 12, revealing a passage for the soybeans and the pod shells to pass through. Meanwhile, because the second inclined plate 8 moves upwards, the position of the vent hole 8.1 of the second inclined plate is in contact with the position of the air guide hole at the bottom end of the baking cylinder 7, and the vent hole 8.1 is communicated with the air guide hole on the baking cylinder 7. The wind from the fan 10 blows upwards along the inclined upward wind channel formed by the second inclined plate 8 and the guide plate 13, and enters the baking cylinder 7 through the vent hole 8.1 and the wind guide hole. Both the soybeans and the pod shells in the roasting cylinder 7 are blown out through the leakage holes 7.2. The soybeans and pod shells fall onto the third sloping plate 12 and follow the third sloping plate 12 through the channel created by the third sloping plate 12 and the second sloping plate 8 to the location of the screen 11. Because the hulls are light, they are blown by the air from the fan 10 onto the guide plate 13, whereas the beans fall directly from the screen 11 because they are heavier. At this time, the soybeans can be collected only by placing a container for containing the soybeans below the screen mesh 11.

The fan 10 is turned off and the pods on the guide plate 13 fall under their own weight and vibration from the vibrator block 14 along the guide plate 13 through the exit opening formed by the guide plate 13 and the third ramp 12 to a collection device 16 where they are collected.

The second inclined plate 8 is originally abutted against the third inclined plate 12 to block the hole for the soybean and the pod shell to flow out. When the blower 10 starts blowing, the second sloping plate 8 is moved upward by the thrust in the wind direction, and the hole for passing the soybeans and the pod shells is exposed.

The second sloping plate 8 contacts the baking cylinder 7 in the process of being blown by the fan 10 to move upwards, so that the vent hole 8.1 is communicated with the guide hole. The air from the fan 10 enters the roasting cylinder 7 and blows the soybeans and the pod shells out of the leakage holes 7.2, so that the effect of cleaning the roasting cylinder 7 is achieved, and power for conveying the soybeans and the pod shells to the third inclined plate 12 is formed.

When the soybeans and the soybean hulls pass through the screen 11, the soybeans are winnowed by wind blown by the fan 10, and the soybean hulls are blown open, so that the soybeans are directly separated out through the screen 11.

The pod shell that is blown to on the deflector 13 by fan 10 stops blowing the back at fan 10, falls to collection device 16 along deflector 13 that the slope set up under the effect of self gravity, effectively collects the pod shell, not only avoids the pod shell to fly the polluted environment in disorder, can also recycle the pod shell that collects.

According to the invention, the soybean pod is crushed through the relative movement between the inner separation claw 7.4 and the outer separation claw 7.5, the soybeans are separated from the pod shells, and the soybeans are separated from the pod shells by the fan 10, so that the purpose of automatically peeling the soybeans and the pod shells is realized. The production efficiency of soybean threshing is improved. Meanwhile, because the soybeans and the pod shells are stirred and separated by the separating claws in the closed baking cylinder 7, the dust generated in the process is closed in a closed space, the damage of the dust to the body of people is greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. Clean beans machine of plucking of formula self-feeding entirely, including the frame, its characterized in that: the frame is provided with a feeding device for conveying soybean plants, a first separating device for separating pods, a baking cylinder for drying and crushing the pods, a second separating device for separating soybeans and pod shells and a collecting device for collecting the pod shells, which are connected in sequence; the baking cylinder comprises a cylinder wall and a rotating shaft positioned on the axis of the baking cylinder; an outer separation claw is vertically arranged on the cylinder wall, and an inner separation claw in contact with the outer separation claw is arranged on the rotating shaft; the baking cylinder is obliquely arranged, and the lower part of the cylinder wall is uniformly distributed with leakage holes for discharging soybeans and separated substances; the upper part of the baking cylinder is provided with an air guide hole; the second separating device comprises a second inclined plate which is hinged on the rack and has the same inclination direction with the baking cylinder, a third inclined plate which is positioned below the leakage hole and has the opposite inclination direction with the second inclined plate, and a guide plate which has the same inclination direction with the second inclined plate; a discharge port for the pod shells to fall into the collecting device is formed between the third sloping plate and the guide plate; a screen is arranged at the position, close to the discharge hole, of the third inclined plate, and a fan capable of blowing air upwards through the screen is arranged below the screen; the bottom end of the second inclined plate abuts against the position, at the upper end of the screen, of the third inclined plate; an air duct for air to pass through is formed between the second inclined plate and the guide plate, and the second inclined plate is provided with a vent hole; the vent hole can be communicated with the air guide hole.

2. The full feed self cleaning bean picker according to claim 1, wherein: the baking cylinder is inclined 1-5 degrees to the horizontal direction.

3. The full feed self cleaning bean picker according to claim 1, wherein: the outer separation claw is provided with a groove for the inner separation claw to pass through, and the inner separation claw and the outer separation claw are crossed with each other.

4. The full feed self cleaning bean picker according to claim 1, wherein: the first separating device comprises a bean picker for picking the pods and a first inclined plate positioned below the bean picker for conveying the pods to the roasting cylinder.

5. The full feed self cleaning bean picker according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the guide plate is connected with a vibration device used for driving the rack to vibrate.

6. The full feed self cleaning bean picker according to claim 5, wherein: the vibrating device is a vibrating block arranged between the guide plate and the collecting device.