CN106614387B - A kind of artificial culture method of host of Cordyceps sinensis insect - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for artificially cultivating host insects of Cordyceps sinensis, the method comprising: collecting host pupae of the genus Basilisk from shrubs and meadows in alpine regions at an altitude of 3500-5000 meters; performing disinfection treatment in artificially built greenhouses ; Move into the culture bed and emerge under the condition of ambient temperature of 14-20°C, humidity of 75%-95%, and scattered light; collect the eclosion moths to the breeding box for mating and laying eggs. The method can increase the eclosion rate of moth pupae to more than 80%, avoids unfavorable factors such as large climate change and many natural enemies in the natural environment, and makes the eclosion rate of pupae under artificial conditions much higher than 40-50% under natural environment. The % eclosion rate has greatly improved the amount of eggs laid, and has provided help for the increase of the population of Batmoth.

Description

A kind of artificial cultivation method of Cordyceps sinensis host insect

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to an artificial cultivation and multiplication method for host insects of Cordyceps sinensis.

Background technique

Cordyceps sinensis is a sexual form produced by the larvae of the genus Basilis in alpine shrub meadows infested by Trichosporum in China. Cordyceps sinensis has the function of immune regulation, can suppress phlegm and relieve asthma, has a protective effect on liver and kidney damage, and has good application prospects in anti-tumor and treatment of renal failure. Therefore, Cordyceps sinensis is as famous as ginseng and velvet antler, and it is a precious Chinese medicinal material.

Cordyceps sinensis is a high-grade plateau product with high nutritional value, and it is satisfying people’s demand for high-end health care products. Since Cordyceps sinensis is a unique fungus species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the growth environment is not polluted, it tastes soft, crisp and delicious, with unique nutritional components and high value.

With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for Cordyceps sinensis with high medicinal and health value is also increasing. Therefore, the rare natural Cordyceps sinensis can no longer meet the urgent needs of modern people for Cordyceps sinensis. It is urgent to strengthen the protection of wild resources. At the same time, through the method of artificial intervention, we have continuously explored ways to increase the number of wild populations, speed up the progress of artificial tending of Cordyceps sinensis, and meet people's growing material needs.

In the current artificial culture method, for the first time, wild bat moth pupae are used to breed and raise the first generation of larvae. In this process, the eclosion rate of the pupae is not more than 60% in the initial natural condition eclosion method, resulting in a waste of natural resources, so that Both the number of eggs laid and the base number of larvae were greatly affected.

Only by continuously improving the number and cultivation methods of artificial intervention of Cordyceps sinensis can we effectively protect and continue the sustainable utilization of this precious Chinese herbal medicine resource.

Contents of the invention

The method for multiplying and cultivating the bat moth pupae of the host insect of Cordyceps sinensis provided by the present invention is to remove a part of unfavorable factors for the natural emergence of bat moth pupae under the situation of simulating natural habitat, such as parasitic wasps, parasitic flies, various rats under wild conditions The impact of species and severe weather conditions can maximize the eclosion probability of bat moth pupae, and create conditions for large-scale production for wild feeding and artificial breeding.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for artificially cultivating Cordyceps sinensis host Hematoptera pupae, said method comprising:

The host, the pupae of the genus Basilisk, was collected from the alpine shrub meadow at an altitude of 3500-5000 meters;

At an altitude of 3800 to 4200 meters, the host bat moth is pupated, emerged, imagoed, mated, and laid eggs in a fully enclosed environment;

Eclosion and mating measures include: screening of moth pupae, in vitro disinfection, placing them in the eclosion bed at a ratio of 1:1.5 between male and female moths, keeping the eclosion temperature between 14 and 20°C, and the eclosion period for 20 to 40 days; Put them into the mating and spawning boxes;

Collect eggs at the egg collection port of mating and spawning boxes;

The eclosion bed is a box with a length, width and height of 600×400×300mm, built-in sterilized alpine humus soil with a height of 200mm, sprinkled with water after laying, the soil humidity is about 75% to 85%, and the water infiltrates Finally, according to the left and right spacing of 3cm, insert the bamboo sticks with a diameter of about 8mm into the soil one by one to a depth of about 5cm to form holes, and cover them with a transparent plastic cover for later use;

Described mating, laying eggs box is long, wide, high 1000 * 1000 * 800mm steel frame structure, the outer six sides are covered with 100 mesh gauze, the bottom is a square bottom, descending conical structure, and the cone mouth diameter is 15cm, as At the egg collection port, the dead branches of leafless shrubs collected in the field are hung inside the box to facilitate the climbing and habitat of female moths; 15W incandescent lamps are installed outside as auxiliary light sources to facilitate mating of bat moths;

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the in vitro disinfection of pupa adopts chlorine dioxide to carry out spray disinfection, after 1 minute, spray with sterile water two to three times, after drying, place in the eclosion bed again;

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the step 0010, the pupae are eclosion under the condition that the temperature is 14°C-20°C and the humidity is 75%-95%;

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the disinfection of the humus soil adopts the following steps: high-temperature distillation for 1h-3h; exposure to sunlight for at least 2-3 days with an illumination intensity not less than 100,00 lux/ ^m2 ;

According to yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, a hole of length and width of 200×150 mm is opened on the cover plate of the eclosion bed, and a 400-mesh metal gauze is fixedly covered to facilitate temperature and humidity adjustment in the eclosion bed, and at the same time, prevent rodents and other insects;

Detailed ways

From the natural habitat of Cordyceps sinensis, the pupae of the genus Batmoth are collected at an altitude of 3500-5000 meters, and the pupae with strong activity and no injury or disease are selected as the source of introduction and cultivation;

The selected pupae are first classified as male and female. Generally, the female pupae is hypertrophic, with a blunt and round tail, a body length of 20-24mm, and a body width of 4.5-5.5mm; the male pupae is relatively thin, with a pointed tail, and a body length of 17-19mm. , body width 4 ~ 4.5mm. The pupal body is milky white at the initial stage, and turns light yellow after 1 to 2 days, and the pupa body shortens; after 3 to 4 days, it changes from light yellow to yellowish brown, and then turns brown until eclosion.

Spray and disinfect the screened pupae with chlorine dioxide in vitro. After 1 minute, spray them with sterile water two to three times. After drying, the ratio of female to male is 1:1.5, with the head facing up and the tail facing down. Place it in the pre-prepared eclosion bed. After the placement is completed, spread it evenly in about 1cm thick, and cover it with sterilized humus soil. After that, spray sterile water evenly on the surface of the soil to keep the soil humidity at 75%~ Between 95;

The eclosion bed adopts a plastic box with a length, width, and height of 600×400×300mm, with a built-in about 200mm of humus soil that has been sterilized and filtered with a 100-mesh sieve. Holes with a diameter of 8×50mm are evenly distributed on the soil surface to prepare for pupae For placement, the soil pH is around 6.5;

Under natural conditions, the pupal period is generally 50-60 days. Under artificial conditions, if the temperature can be controlled at about 15°C, the pupal period can be shortened to about 20-40 days to emerge into adults;

In daily management, while controlling the temperature and humidity, pay attention to observe whether there is any bacteria contamination in the eclosion basin. If colonies or hyphae are found, the whole basin should be cleaned up in time. If dead pupae are found, they should also be cleaned up in time and replaced with new soil. After that, the remaining pupae can be put into the pot again.

The eclosion room should be kept clean and hygienic, and the usual disinfection and cleaning work should be done to prevent all kinds of other organisms from entering the room, especially parasitic wasps, parasitic flies and mice.

When the eclosion period is about to end, part of the body of the adult moth will drill out of the ground. At this time, the humidity in the pot should be controlled at about 95%, so as to facilitate the expansion of the feather wings of the adult moth;

Every night from 18:00 to 20:00 is the peak period for the emergence and mating of adult moths. At this time, you should pay attention to observation and transfer the female and male moths that have already mated in the eclosion bed to the mating and spawning boxes in time. In order to facilitate the mating and oviposition of female and male moths, usually female moths can mate 2 to 3 times, and will lay eggs in 2 to 3 minutes after mating, and the amount of eggs laid by each female moth ranges from 100 to 600 ;

The mating and spawning boxes are welded with a steel frame structure. The length, width, and height are 1000×1000×800mm. The six outer surfaces are covered with 100-mesh metal gauze to prevent foreign matter from entering. The top of the box has a 150×150 movable skylight The bottom of the box is conical and protrudes downwards, with a diameter of 150mm, which is convenient for egg collection; the inside of the box is hung with dead branches of leafless shrubs collected in the field to provide climbing and habitat conditions for female moths , so that female moths can obtain more mating conditions and increase the number of fertilized eggs. A 15W artificial light source with an illuminance of 150-300 Luxd should be hung outside the mating and spawning boxes to facilitate the mating of female and male moths and the observation of staff;

The eggs laid by the female moth will pass through the bottom gauze, slide down from the bottom cone outlet, and enter the pre-prepared container;

After the eclosion bed soil after the eclosion period was broken and checked and counted, the eclosion rate of pupae was more than 80%, which proved that this method can effectively improve the eclosion, mating, and oviposition rates of adult moths.

Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted herein to avoid unnecessarily limiting the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of artificial culture method of host of Cordyceps sinensis insect, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

Step (1) is in Yushu district, Qinghai, Sichuan Xiaojin 3500-5000 rice mesophorbium, coryphile collection lepidopterous insects bat chrysalis；

Step (2) carries out surface sterilization processing using disinfecting sprays to chrysalis, then washes away thimerosal remnants with clear water sprinkling again；

Step (3) is moved into preprepared emergence bed, keeps certain temperature and humidity, there is scattering light irradiation, timing Ventilation, ventilation；

Being put into special mating into moth, laying eggs in case after step (4) emergence；

The ovum grain that step (5) is given birth in the female moth of worm's ovum collection port collection；

Wherein：

(1) artificial culture gathers the wild rake bat that bat pupa is all from Yushu district, Qinghai, more than 3500 meters of Sichuan Xiaojin's height above sea level Genus Hepialuss pupa worm；The pupa harvested is vibrant, and during touching, pupa worm afterbody can be twisted continuously, it was demonstrated that this worm health, activity are strong； Conversely, then showing dead or poor activity, kind is unfit to do；

(2) before emergence bed is put into, female, male classification first is carried out to the pupa worm being collected into；General female pupal cell type is loose, and afterbody is blunt Circle, a length of 20-24mm of body, the wide 4.5-5.5mm of body；Male pupa is relatively modest, and afterbody is sharper, and body is grown in 17-19mm, the wide 4- of body 4.5mm；

(3) before pupa worm input emergence bed, first external spray disinfectant is carried out with the ClO 2 solution of 1/1000 concentration, 1 minute Afterwards, then with sterilized water sprinkling two arrive three times, after drying moisture, in female, male ratio 1:1.5 ratio is put preprepared In emergence bed；Being placed in above female, the male pupa worm in emergence bed, about 1cm thickness is uniformly sprinkled into, by the vegetable mould disinfected Covering, and then uniformly sprinkling sterilized water in soil surface, keeps soil moisture between 75%-95%；It is described to disinfect Method humous be high temperature distillation 1h-3h, be not less than 10000lux/m in illumination²Sunlight under be exposed to the sun at least 2-3 days；

(4) chrysalis sprouts wings in emergence bed, ensures its temperature between 15-20 DEG C；Humidity becomes in 75%-95% certain limits Change, it is controllable, prevent predation, the injury of natural enemy；Emergence bed uses length 600 × 400 × 300mm plastic boxes, Built-in about 200mm is sterile-processed, vegetable moulds using 100 mesh screens, and soil surface is uniformly distributed 8 × 50mm's of diameter Aperture, in case the placement of pupa worm, soil pH 6.5 or so；

(5) in special mating, spawning case, the dry branch of wild bush of defoliation is set, is inhabited beneficial to the climbing of female moth, makes female moth can To obtain more Mating opportunities, the fertilization probability of ovum is improved, in breeding, laying coop, to have artificial light source, illuminance exists Between 150-300Lux；Mating, spawning case be welded using steel frame construction, length be 1000 × 1000 × 800mm, six outer surfaces coat 100 mesh metal gauzes, and casing top opens 150 × 150mm trapdoors, and bottom half is circular cone Shape is downwardly convex, a diameter of 150mm of cone mouth；15W artificial light source is hung outside mating, spawning case.