CN106612876B - A small mountain potato harvesting and seedling and tendril separation combined machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a small mountain potato harvesting and seedling vine separation combined machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment. It mainly includes frame, supporting wheel, depth-limiting wheel device, etc. The depth-limiting wheel device is used to ensure that the excavating shovel device reaches a suitable digging depth and a suitable height when walking on the ground. The excavating shovel device is used to dig out soil and potatoes. On the ground, the conveying vibrating device is used to separate potatoes and soil, and the vine-holding device is used to accurately support the vines and vines on both sides of the machine and the lodging vines to the clamping device; the vine clamping device is used to transport the received vines to the cutting device; the worm gear and worm The adjusting device is used to drive the vine clamping device to adjust the height up and down; the cutting device is used to accurately cut the seedlings and vines delivered by the vine clamping device; the transmission system is used to provide transmission power for the vine holding device, vine clamping device, cutting device, and conveying vibration device. The invention can adapt to potato harvesting in complex mountainous areas, better solve the problem of seedling and tendril winding machines, and make harvested potatoes cleaner.

Description

A small mountain potato harvesting and seedling and tendril separation combined machine

technical field

The invention relates to a small mountain potato harvesting and seedling and vine separation combined machine, in particular to the treatment of the mechanical entanglement of seedlings and weeds in the potato harvesting machine, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

During the mechanical harvesting of potatoes, it is necessary to remove the potato vines and dig the potatoes out of the ground. If the vines or weeds are not treated in advance, it is easy to cause entanglement and blockage of the machine and affect the normal operation of potatoes. Separation will cause damage to the machine in severe cases, so it is necessary to treat seedlings and vines when digging potatoes. At present, the method of removing seedlings and vines of potato machinery is mainly to use the technology of cutting before the shovel, and design a knife at the front end of the machine to cut off the standing seedlings and vines in sections. problem, but there are deficiencies in that the scattered vines and vines are mixed with the dug out potato pieces, which brings more serious problems to subsequent potato harvesting and sorting and bagging; and the potato vines cannot be completely removed, let alone separated cleanly. potatoes.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small mountain potato harvesting and seedling vine separation machine, which is a mechanical device for treating seedlings and vines on a potato harvesting machine. The seedlings and vines are pulled up with the clamping of the clamping chain 25 for conveying and cutting, allowing the potato pieces to be separated more cleanly; the self-locking worm gear adjustment device 9 is convenient for adjustment and adapts to the complex terrain of the mountain.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a small mountain potato harvesting and seedling vine separation combined machine, including a frame 1, a support wheel 2, a depth-limiting wheel device 3, an excavating shovel device 4, a vine holding device 5, and a vine clamping device 6 , cutting device 7, conveying vibration device 8, worm gear adjusting device 9, transmission system 10, seedling vine entrance box 11.

The supporting wheel 2 is installed on the rear end of the frame 1 to drive the machine to walk; the depth-limiting wheel device 3 is installed on the front end of the frame 1 to ensure that the excavating shovel device 4 reaches a suitable excavation depth and reaches the height when walking on the ground. Suitable height; the digging shovel device 4 is fixed on the front end of the frame 1, and is used to excavate the soil and potatoes out of the ground; the conveying vibration device 8 is fixed on the frame 1 and installed behind the digging shovel device 4, and the conveying vibration device 8 and the transmission The system 10 is connected to separate the potatoes from the soil, and to send the separated potatoes out of the machine; the vine support device 5 is fixed on the front end of the frame 1, and is used to accurately support the vines and vines on both sides of the machine and the lodging to the vine clamping device 6. The tendril clamping device 6 is installed inside the frame 1 and connected with the worm gear adjusting device 9 for transporting the received seedling tendrils to the cutting device 7; the worm gear adjusting device 9 is fixed on both sides of the upper end of the frame 1 for Drive clamping vine device 6 to adjust height up and down; Cutting device 7 is connected with clamping vine device 6, is used for accurately cutting the seedling vine that clamping vine device 6 conveys; The vine clamping device 6, the cutting device 7, and the conveying vibration device 8 are connected to provide transmission power for the vine holding device 5, the vine clamping device 6, the cutting device 7, and the conveying vibration device 8. The frame 1 is connected to an external tractor through a connecting rod The seedling vine inlet box 11 is installed on the vine clamping device 6 and is located at the rear end of the cutting device 7, and is used for discharging the seedlings and vines cut by the cutting device 7 to the outside of the machine.

Specifically, the rear end of the frame 1 is provided with a round hole for installing the bearing of the support wheel 2, and the front of both sides of the frame 1 is designed with a vertical square guide rail matched with the depth-limiting device. Two threaded holes, the frame 1 can be fixedly connected with the depth-gauge wheel device 3 by screw compression, the excavating shovel device 4 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 by bolts, the front end of the frame 1 is provided with a mounting bracket, and the tendril device 5 Be fixed on the mounting bracket by supporting the vine locking screw 13, the clamping vine device 6 is fixed on the frame 1 by clamping the vine locking screw 14, and the worm gear adjusting device 9 is connected with the threaded hole on the frame 1 by bolts.

Specifically, the depth-gauge wheel device 3 includes a depth-gauge wheel and a depth-gauge frame 12 connected to the depth-gauge wheel. The depth-gauge frame 12 is installed in the vertical square guide rail of the frame 1 and can be slid up and down for adjustment.

Specifically, the excavating shovel device 4 includes several excavating shovels 33, and through holes are arranged on the excavating shovels 33, and the excavating shovels 33 are fixed on the frame 1 by bolts passing through the through holes.

Specifically, the vine raising device 5 includes a seedling raising device 19, a finger 20, a seedling raising cover 21, and a chain. The seedling raising device 19 is connected to the frame 1 through the vine lifting locking screw 13, and the seedling raising cover 21 passes through the The screw is fixed on the seedling lifter 19, and the finger 20 is fixed on the finger chain inside the seedling lifter 19. The transmission chain 29 is connected with the transmission system 10 and moves with the transmission system 10. The transmission chain 29 transmits power to the finger chain , hold up finger 20 and comprise left hold up finger, right hold up finger, and left hold up finger clockwise with chain transmission at the same speed, right hold up finger anticlockwise with chain at the same speed transmission, the place seedling vine is fed into folder vine device 6.

Specifically, the clamping vine device 6 includes a clamping frame 22, a clamping chain 25, a clamping vine sprocket 24, and a seedling clamping cover 23. The vertical rods on both sides of the clamping frame 22 are connected with the worm gear adjusting device 9, and the clamping The vine sprocket 24 is positioned on the clamping frame 22 and is connected with the transmission system 10. The clamping chain 25 is installed on the clamping vine sprocket 24 and drives according to the rotation path. The clamping chain 25 includes the chain on both sides and the chain in the middle. The chain in the middle is driven counterclockwise, and the chain in the middle rotates clockwise. The chains on both sides and the chain in the middle respectively form a V-shaped clamping opening. The seedling clamping cover 23 is fixed on the clamping frame 22 by screws. There are threaded holes, which cooperate with clamping vine locking screws 14 to fix the clamping vine device 6 on the frame 1 .

Specifically, the worm gear adjusting device 9 includes a rack 30, a rocking rod 34, a worm, a worm wheel and a casing, the rocking rod 34 drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm to rotate, and the worm drives coaxial gears to rotate together, the gears Drive the rack 30 meshed with it to slide and the rack 30 is welded and fixed with the vine clamping device 6, thereby driving the vine clamping device 6 to move and realize the up and down adjustment of the vine clamping device 6. There are bolt holes on the box body, which can be fixed by bolts. Fixed with the frame 1, the worm gear adjusting device 9 can be adjusted up and down by shaking the rocking bar 34 after loosening the clamp locking screw 14.

Specifically, the cutting device 7 includes a cutter head 31, a blade 32, a cutter shaft 17, and a rotating shaft 18. The cutter head 31 is located on the cutter shaft 17, and the cutter shaft 17 and the rotating shaft 18 are all located on the clamping device 6. The vine device 6 is designed with bearings supporting the cutter shaft 17 and the rotating shaft 18. The cutter shaft 17 and the rotating shaft 18 transmit power through helical gear engagement, and the rotating shaft 18 and the transmission system (10) transmit power through helical gear engagement.

Specifically, the transmission system 10 includes a cardan shaft connector installed on the frame 1, a speed reducer 28 for variable speed output, a liftable transmission shaft 27, and an intermediate shaft 35. One end of the cardan shaft connector is connected to the power source of the tractor. , the other end is connected to the reducer 28, the output shaft of the reducer 28 is provided with a sprocket that is transmitted to the conveying vibration device 8 and a sprocket that is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 35, and the intermediate shaft 35 is provided with the sprocket on the reducer 28 through the chain The sprocket wheel of transmission, the helical gear meshed with the upper gear of the liftable drive shaft 27, the sprocket wheel connected with the holding device 5, the liftable drive shaft 27 is connected with the clamping device 6 and the cutting device 7 respectively, which is the clamping device 6 , The cutting device 7 provides power.

When the present invention harvests potatoes, the mechanical operation process is:

After the tractor is running, it outputs power, and transmits the power to the potato harvester reducer 28 through the cardan shaft connector, and drives the machine forward to harvest crops. The reducer 28 outputs the power, and the transmission system 10 distributes the power to related movements. The excavation shovel 33. Shovel out the soil and crops. As the machine moves forward, the soil clods are squeezed onto the conveying vibrating screen 16. The conveying vibrating screen 16 is mechanically operated, and the soil clods are conveyed backward. At the same time, the vibrating wheel 26 drives the conveying vibrating screen 16 to vibrate. , so that the soil is separated from the potatoes, the soil falls on the ground, and the potatoes stay on the conveying vibrating screen 16 and are transported backward.

After the operation of the mechanical device, the seedling and tendril harvesting device placed on the harvesting machine advances synchronously with the machine. The left hand finger in the seedling lifter 19 is driven clockwise with the chain at the same speed, and the right hand finger is driven counterclockwise with the chain at the same speed, so that the front seedlings are moved forward. The vines are fed into the V-shaped mouth of the clamping chain 25. The clamping chain 25 clamps and transports the vines and vines. Conveying and feeding seedlings and tendrils into the inlet box 11, the hob-type forage chopping cutterhead 31 rotating at high speed chops the fed seedlings and tendrils, and the chopped seedlings and tendrils are discharged to the right of the machine along the inclined passage below the seedlings and tendrils inlet box 11 In the field, the fertilizer is returned to the field.

This machine can excavate potatoes. The excavating part is similar to the existing excavating machine and uses a digging shovel to excavate. The separating part of potatoes and soil adopts the conveying vibrating screen vibrating separation mechanism similar to the existing potato harvesting machine.

When not working, the digging shovel 33 can make the digging 33 shovel leave the ground by adjusting the depth gauge wheel device 3, thereby facilitating machine transportation.

The power source of the seedling and tendril separation device: power transmission to the reducer 28 by the cardan shaft connector, a sprocket wheel is installed on the output shaft of the reducer 28, and is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 35 by a chain, and the transmission power to the intermediate shaft 35 is installed on the intermediate shaft 35. The sprocket of the seedling raising device 19 is transmitted to the seedling raising device 19 by a chain, and the seedling raising device 19 works thereby; the intermediate shaft 35 and the liftable transmission shaft 27 are meshed and connected by a bevel gear, and the power transmission is transmitted to the gripping tendril of the gripping device 6. On the sprocket 24, the clamping sprocket 24 drives the clamping chain 25, thereby realizing the movement of the clamping chain 25, and clamping the conveying device to work.

Seedling vine cutting knife is similar to the design of existing lawn cutter hob type forage machine cutting knife, through the bevel gear installed on the left side liftable transmission shaft 27, the bevel gear meshing mode is transmitted to the rotating shaft 18, and the rotating shaft 18 and the driving knife The cutter shaft 17 of the disc 31 transmits power through the bevel gear engagement, and a reasonable transmission ratio is set to meet the cutting speed of the seedling and tendril cutting knife, so that the cutting device 7 works.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) Equipped with a vine support device to reduce the omission of lodging seedlings and vines.

(2) The worm gear adjustment device can form a self-locking mechanism, which can be adjusted according to the height of potato seedlings and vines, and can adapt to complex mountainous potato harvesting.

(3) The device can realize the cutting of the whole seedling and tendril, and better solve the problem of seedling tendril winding machine.

(4) The shredded seedling material is discharged out of the machine, so that the potatoes can be separated more cleanly. It provides better conditions for the research and development of the follow-up small mountain potato harvester to realize the sorting function.

(5) The structure of the mechanical device is simple and compact, easy to maintain and highly reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the assembly front view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the assembly left view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the assembled top view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the E-E sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is an assembly top view of the tendril holding device 5, the tendril clamping device 6, the cutting device 7, and the worm gear adjusting device 9 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is an assembly front view of the tendril-holding device 5, the tendril clamping device 6, the cutting device 7, and the worm gear adjusting device 9 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a connection diagram between the clamping device 6 and the frame 1;

Fig. 9 is a connection diagram between the tendril device 5 and the frame 1.

The labels in the figure are: 1-frame, 2-supporting wheel, 3-deep-limiting wheel device, 4-excavating shovel device, 5-climbing device, 6-climbing device, 7-cutting device, 8-transporting vibration Device, 9-worm gear adjusting device, 10-transmission system, 11-seeding vine entrance box, 12-depth limit frame, 13-fu vine locking screw, 14-clip vine locking screw, 15-conveyor screen driving wheel, 16-conveying vibrating screen 17-knife shaft, 18-rotating shaft, 19-holding device, 20-supporting finger, 21-holding cover, 22-clamping frame, 23-clamping cover, 24-climbing sprocket , 25-clamping chain, 26-vibrating wheel, 27-liftable transmission shaft, 28-reducer, 29-transmission chain, 30-rack, 31-cutter, 32-blade, 33-excavation shovel, 34- rocker, 35-intermediate shaft.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-9, a small-scale mountain potato harvesting and seedling vine separation combined machine includes a frame 1, a support wheel 2, a depth-limiting wheel device 3, an excavating shovel device 4, a vine-holding device 5, Clamping device 6, cutting device 7, conveying vibration device 8, worm gear adjusting device 9, transmission system 10, seedling vine inlet box 11.

The supporting wheel 2 is installed on the rear end of the frame 1 to drive the machine to walk; the depth-limiting wheel device 3 is installed on the front end of the frame 1 to ensure that the excavating shovel device 4 reaches a suitable excavation depth and reaches the height when walking on the ground. Suitable height; the digging shovel device 4 is fixed on the front end of the frame 1, and is used to excavate the soil and potatoes out of the ground; the conveying vibration device 8 is fixed on the frame 1 and installed behind the digging shovel device 4, and the conveying vibration device 8 and the transmission The system 10 is connected to separate the potatoes from the soil, and to send the separated potatoes out of the machine; the vine support device 5 is fixed on the front end of the frame 1, and is used to accurately support the vines and vines on both sides of the machine and the lodging to the vine clamping device 6, that is, the V port of the clamping chain 25; the vine clamping device 6 is installed inside the frame 1 and connected with the worm gear and worm adjustment device 9, and is used to transport the received seedlings and vines to the cutting device 7; the worm gear and worm adjustment device 9 is fixed on Both sides of the upper end of the frame 1 are used to drive the vine clamping device 6 to adjust the height up and down; the cutting device 7 is connected to the vine clamping device 6 for accurately cutting the seedlings and vines delivered by the vine clamping device 6; the transmission system 10 is installed on the frame 1 are respectively connected with the vine-holding device 5, the vine-clamping device 6, the cutting device 7, and the conveying vibration device 8, and are used to provide transmission power for the vine-holding device 5, the vine-clamping device 6, the cutting device 7, and the conveying vibration device 8. The frame 1 is connected with an external tractor through a connecting rod, and the seedling and tendril inlet box 11 is installed on the gripping device 6 and is located at the rear end of the cutting device 7, and is used for discharging the seedlings and tendrils cut by the cutting device 7 to the outside of the machine.

Further, the rear end of the frame 1 is provided with a round hole for installing the bearing of the support wheel 2, and the front of both sides of the frame 1 is designed with a vertical square guide rail matched with the depth-limiting wheel device 3, and the guide rail There are two threaded holes on it, and the frame 1 can be fixedly connected with the depth-limiting wheel device 3 by pressing with screws. The excavating shovel device 4 is fixed on the frame 1 by bolts. 5 is fixed on the mounting bracket by the vine locking screws 13, and the vine clamping device 6 is fixed on the frame 1 by the vine clamping screws 14. Specifically, threaded holes are designed at the left and right ends of the clamping frame, and the vine clamping device 6 is fixed on the frame 1 by the vine clamping lock screws 14. Tightening screws 14 fix the clamping frame 22 in the frame 1 , and the clamping device 6 is fixedly connected inside the frame 1 . The worm gear adjusting device 9 is connected with the threaded hole on the frame 1 by bolts, the clamping frame 22 at the lower end of the rack 30 is welded, the rocker 34 is shaken, the rack 30 slides up and down, and the clamping device 6 is driven to adjust up and down, and the cutting device 7 The bearing seat is connected with the clamping frame 22 of the vine clamping device 6 and moves together with the vine clamping device 6 to accurately cut the seedlings and vines delivered by the vine clamping device 6 .

Further, the depth-gauge wheel device 3 includes a depth-gauge wheel and a depth-gauge frame 12 connected with the depth-gauge wheel. The depth-gauge frame 12 is installed in the vertical square guide rail of the frame 1 and can be slid up and down for adjustment.

Further, the excavating shovel device 4 includes several excavating shovels 33, the excavating shovels 33 are provided with through holes, and the excavating shovels 33 are fixed on the frame 1 by bolts passing through the through holes. There are 8 shovels, each excavating shovel has 3 through holes, and is fixed on the frame 1 through bolt connection.

Further, the vine raising device 5 includes a seedling raising device 19, a finger 20, a seedling raising cover 21, and a chain. The seedling raising device 19 is connected to the frame 1 through the vine lifting locking screw 13, and the seedling raising cover 21 passes through the The screw is fixed on the seedling lifter 19, and the finger lifter 20 is fixed on the finger lifter chain inside the seedling lifter 19. The transmission chain 29 is connected with the transmission system 10 and moves with the transmission system 10. The drive chain 29 transmits power to the finger lifter chain , specifically, a pair of helical gears are meshed on the vine device 5, the helical gear driving wheel of the vine device 5 is coaxial with the driven wheel of the transmission chain 29, and the driven wheel of the helical gear of the vine device 5 is connected to the driving chain of the finger chain. Wheel coaxial, transmission chain 29 can transfer power from intermediate shaft 35 to the finger chain for this reason, and the vine device obtains power to work thereby. Holding up finger 20 comprises left holding up finger, right holding up finger, and left holding up refers to clockwise transmission with the same speed of chain, and right hand up refers to anticlockwise transmission with chain at the same speed, and the seedling vine in front is fed into clamping vine device 6.

Further, the clamping vine device 6 includes a clamping frame 22, a seedling clamping cover 23, a clamping vine sprocket 24, a clamping chain 25, the vertical rods on both sides of the clamping frame 22 and the teeth in the worm and gear adjusting device 9. The bar 30 is welded and connected, the clamping sprocket 24 is located on the clamping frame 22 and is connected with the liftable transmission shaft 27 in the transmission system 10, the clamping chain 25 is installed on the clamping sprocket 24 and is driven by the rotation path, and the clamping chain 25 Including the chains on both sides and the chain in the middle, the chains on both sides drive counterclockwise, the middle chain rotates clockwise, the chains on both sides and the chain in the middle respectively form a V-shaped clamping mouth, and the seedling clamping cover 23 is fixed on the clamping port by screws. On the frame 22 , there are threaded holes on both sides of the clamping frame 22 , which cooperate with the clamping vine locking screws 14 to fix the vine clamping device 6 on the frame 1 .

Further, the worm gear adjustment device 9 includes a rack 30, a rocking rod 34, a worm gear and a casing, the shaking rocking rod 34 drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm to rotate, and the worm drives coaxial gears to rotate together, the gears Drive the tooth bar 30 that meshes with it to slide, and the lower end of the tooth bar 30 is welded on the vertical rods on both sides of the clamping frame 22, thereby driving the clamping device 6 to move, and realizing the up and down adjustment of the clamping device 6. There are holes on the box, such as As shown in Fig. 7, there are 6 holes in this embodiment, which can be fixed with the frame 1 by bolts, and the worm gear adjusting device 9 can be adjusted up and down by shaking the rocker 34 after loosening the clamping screw 14.

The growth of potatoes is greatly affected by the natural environment such as soil, geographical environment, and climatic conditions. The growth of seedlings and tendrils in each place is different, which causes difficulties in the design of seedling tendril processing devices. The present invention adopts the worm gear adjustment device 9 to solve this problem. This mechanism is connected with the whole seedling and tendril clamping and cutting system. After loosening the clamping and cutting system locking screw 14, shake the rocker 34 of the worm gear adjustment device 9 Can realize lifting adjustment, after the clamping and cutting system is adjusted to the appropriate position for harvesting seedlings and vines, then tighten the clamping and vines locking screw 14 to get final product. This design makes the mountain small potato harvester suitable for harsh mountain environments.

Further, the cutting device 7 includes a cutter shaft 17, a rotating shaft 18, a cutter head 31, and a blade 32. The cutter head 31 is located on the cutter shaft 17, and the cutter shaft 17 and the rotating shaft 18 are all located on the clamping device 6. The vine device 6 is designed with bearings supporting the cutter shaft 17 and the rotating shaft 18. The power is transmitted between the cutter shaft 17 and the rotating shaft 18 through helical gear engagement, and the helical gear is used between the rotating shaft 18 and the liftable transmission shaft 27 in the transmission system 10. Engagement transmits power. The cutting device 7 is combined with the tendril clamping device 6 so that the two systems can be adjusted up and down through the worm gear adjusting device 9 together. The shredded vines are discharged into the field on the right side of the machine along the inclined passage below the vines inlet box 11, so that the fertilizer can be returned to the field.

Further, the transmission system 10 includes a cardan shaft connector installed on the frame 1, a speed reducer 28 for variable speed output, an intermediate shaft 35, and a liftable transmission shaft 27. One end of the cardan shaft connector is connected to the power source of the tractor , the other end is connected to the reducer 28, the output shaft of the reducer 28 is provided with a sprocket that is transmitted to the conveying vibration device 8 and a sprocket that is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 35, and the intermediate shaft 35 is provided with the sprocket on the reducer 28 through the chain The sprocket wheel of transmission, the helical gear meshed with the upper gear of the liftable drive shaft 27, the sprocket wheel connected with the holding device 5, the liftable drive shaft 27 is connected with the clamping device 6 and the cutting device 7 respectively, which is the clamping device 6 , The cutting device 7 provides power.

Specifically, the cardan shaft connector is a shaft that moves through torque transmission, the intermediate shaft 35 is a relatively long gear shaft, and the transmission shaft 27 can be lifted and divided into two parts, the upper part is cylindrical, Installed on the bearing of the frame, the lower part is formed into a handle, and is installed on the clamping sprocket 24 of the clamping device 6. The inserting tube of the holding handle meets the telescopic function, and the key and the keyway meet the matching transmission function inside. There are totally 4 liftable transmission shafts 27.

The distribution of force transmission is satisfied by calculation and distribution at various levels, and the design of the invention realizes the distribution of the whole machine movement by an active power source. There are 2 sprockets on the output shaft of the reducer 28, which transmit the force to the intermediate shaft 35 and the operation of the conveying vibrating screen 16 respectively, and then the 4 helical gears on the intermediate shaft 35 output the transmission force to the lifting gear through the meshing of the helical gears. The transmission shaft 27 and the final power are respectively provided to the clamping chain 25 of the clamping device 6 and the rotating cutter of the cutting device 7 . The two sprockets on the intermediate shaft 35 are required for the operation of the finger 20 on the vine device 5 through the transmission of power through the chain. The whole machine is pushed forward by the tractor through the connecting rod and the rack to connect and drag.

Conveying vibration device 8 of the present invention comprises conveying vibrating screen 16, conveying sieve driving wheel 15, vibrating wheel 26, conveying vibrating screen 16 is installed on conveying sieve driving wheel 15, vibrating wheel 26, and conveying sieve driving wheel 15 and vibrating wheel 26 It rotates and vibrates under the driving of the soil to realize the vibration separation function of soil and potatoes. The driving wheel 15 of the conveying screen and the vibrating wheel 26 are installed on the frame 1 through the shaft; Connect to obtain motion power to realize the function of conveying vibration screening.

When the present invention harvests potatoes, the mechanical operation process is:

After the tractor is running, it outputs power, and transmits the power to the potato harvester reducer 28 through the cardan shaft connector, and drives the machine forward to harvest crops. The reducer 28 outputs the power, and the transmission system 10 distributes the power to related movements. The excavation shovel 33. Shovel out the soil and crops. As the machine moves forward, the soil clods are squeezed to be transported to the vibrating screen 16. The transporting vibrating screen 16 is mechanically operated, and the soil blocks are transported backwards. At the same time, the vibrating wheel 26 drives the transporting vibrating screen 16 to vibrate , so that the soil is separated from the potatoes, the soil falls on the ground, and the potatoes stay on the conveying vibrating screen 16 and are transported backward.

After the operation of the mechanical device, the seedling and tendril harvesting device placed on the harvesting machine advances synchronously with the machine. The left hand finger in the seedling lifter 19 is driven clockwise with the chain at the same speed, and the right hand finger is driven counterclockwise with the chain at the same speed, so that the front seedlings are moved forward. The vines are fed into the V port of the clamping chain 25, and the clamping chain 25 clamps and transports the vines and vines. During the process, the vibrating screen 16 separates the potatoes, soil and vines and vines, and the clamping chain 25 clamps and transports the whole vines and vines. After entering the seedling inlet box 11, the high-speed rotating hob-type forage grass cutting cutter head 31 chops the fed seedling tendrils, and the chopped seedling tendrils are discharged into the field on the right side of the machine along the inclined passage below the seedling tendril inlet box 11 , to realize the return of fertilizer to the field.

This machine can excavate potatoes. The excavating part is similar to the existing excavating machine and uses a digging shovel to excavate. The separating part of potatoes and soil adopts the conveying vibrating screen vibrating separation mechanism similar to the existing potato harvesting machine.

When not working, the digging shovel 33 can make the digging shovel 33 leave the ground by adjusting the depth gauge wheel device 3, thereby facilitating machine transportation.

The power source of clamping vine device: power is transmitted to speed reducer 28 by cardan shaft connector, and sprocket wheel is installed on the output shaft of speed reducer 28, is transmitted to intermediate shaft 35 by chain, is installed on intermediate shaft 35 and transmits power to propeller. The sprocket of the seedling device 19 is transmitted to the seedling supporter 19 by a chain, and the seedling supporter 19 works thereby; the intermediate shaft 35 and the liftable transmission shaft 27 are meshed and connected by a bevel gear, and the power transmission is transmitted to the clamping vine chain of the clamping vine device 6 On the wheel 24, the clamping sprocket 24 drives the clamping chain 25, thereby realizing the movement of the clamping chain 25, and clamping the conveying device to work.

Seedling vine cutting knife is similar to the design of existing lawn cutter hob type forage machine cutting knife, through the bevel gear installed on the left side liftable transmission shaft 27, the bevel gear meshing mode is transmitted to the rotating shaft 18, and the rotating shaft 18 and the driving knife The cutter shaft 17 of the disc 31 transmits power through the bevel gear engagement, and a reasonable transmission ratio is set to meet the cutting speed of the seedling and tendril cutting knife, so that the cutting device 7 works.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a small-size potato harvesting in mountain region and seedling tendril separation combine which characterized in that: the device comprises a frame (1), a supporting wheel (2), a depth limiting wheel device (3), a digging shovel device (4), a vine supporting device (5), a vine clamping device (6), a cutting device (7), a conveying vibration device (8), a worm gear adjusting device (9), a transmission system (10) and a vine inlet box (11);

the supporting wheel (2) is arranged at the rear end of the frame (1) and is used for driving the mountain small-sized potato harvesting and seedling and vine separating combine to walk; the depth limiting wheel device (3) is arranged at the front end of the frame (1) and used for ensuring that the excavating shovel device (4) reaches an appropriate excavating depth and an appropriate height when walking on the ground; the digging shovel device (4) is fixed at the front end of the frame (1) and is used for digging soil and potatoes to turn out the ground; the conveying vibration device (8) is fixed on the frame (1) and is arranged behind the digging shovel device (4), the conveying vibration device (8) is connected with the transmission system (10) and is used for separating potatoes from soil and conveying the separated potatoes out of the mountain small-sized potato harvesting and seedling-vine separating combine; the vine supporting device (5) is fixed at the front end of the frame (1) and is used for accurately supporting the two sides of the mountain small potato harvesting and vine separating combined machine and the lodged vine to the vine clamping device (6); the vine clamping device (6) is arranged in the frame (1) and connected with the worm and gear adjusting device (9) for conveying the received vine to the cutting device (7); the worm and gear adjusting devices (9) are fixed at two sides of the upper end of the frame (1) and are used for driving the vine clamping device (6) to adjust the height up and down; the cutting device (7) is connected with the vine clamping device (6) and is used for accurately cutting the vine conveyed by the vine clamping device (6); the transmission system (10) is arranged on the frame (1) and is respectively connected with the vine supporting device (5), the vine clamping device (6), the cutting device (7) and the conveying vibration device (8) and used for providing transmission power for the vine supporting device (5), the vine clamping device (6), the cutting device (7) and the conveying vibration device (8), the frame (1) is connected with an external tractor through a connecting rod, the vine inlet box (11) is arranged on the vine clamping device (6) and is positioned at the rear end of the cutting device (7) and used for discharging vine cut by the cutting device (7) to the outside of the mountain small potato harvesting and vine separating combine;

the rear end of the frame (1) is provided with a round hole for installing a bearing of the supporting wheel (2), two sides of the frame (1) are provided with vertical square guide rails which are matched and connected with the depth wheel device (3), the vertical square guide rails are provided with two threaded holes, the frame (1) and the depth wheel device (3) are fixedly connected by using screws, the digging shovel device (4) is fixed on the frame (1) through bolts, the front end of the frame (1) is provided with a mounting bracket, the vine supporting device (5) is fixed on the mounting bracket through a vine supporting locking screw (13), the vine clamping device (6) is fixed on the frame (1) through a vine clamping locking screw (14), and the worm and gear adjusting device (9) is connected with the threaded holes on the frame (1) through bolts;

the depth limiting wheel device (3) comprises a depth limiting wheel and a depth limiting frame (12) connected with the depth limiting wheel, and the depth limiting frame (12) is arranged in a vertical square guide rail of the frame (1) and can be adjusted in an up-down sliding manner;

the digging shovel device (4) comprises a plurality of digging shovels (33), through holes are formed in the digging shovels (33), and the digging shovels (33) are fixed on the frame (1) through bolts penetrating through the through holes;

the vine holding device (5) comprises a seedling holding device (19), a finger (20), a seedling holding cover (21), a finger holding chain and a transmission chain (29), wherein the seedling holding device (19) is connected to the frame (1) through a vine holding locking screw (13), the seedling holding cover (21) is fixed on the seedling holding device (19) through a screw, the finger (20) is fixed on the finger holding chain in the seedling holding device (19), the transmission chain (29) is connected with the transmission system (10) and moves along with the transmission system (10), the transmission chain (29) transmits power to the finger holding chain, the finger holding device (20) comprises a left finger holding device and a right finger holding device, the left finger holding device transmits clockwise along with the chain, the right finger holding device transmits anticlockwise along with the chain at the same speed, and the front vine holding device (6) is fed into the vine holding device;

the vine clamping device (6) comprises a clamping frame (22), a clamping chain (25), vine clamping chain wheels (24) and a vine clamping cover (23), vertical rods on two sides of the clamping frame (22) are connected with a worm and gear adjusting device (9), the vine clamping chain wheels (24) are positioned on the clamping frame (22) and are connected with a transmission system (10), the clamping chain (25) is arranged on the vine clamping chain wheels (24) and is driven according to a rotating path, the clamping chain (25) comprises two chains on two sides and a middle chain, the two chains on two sides are driven anticlockwise, the middle chain rotates clockwise, the two chains on two sides and the middle chain respectively correspond to form a V-shaped clamping opening, the vine clamping cover (23) is fixed on the clamping frame (22) through screws, threaded holes are formed on two sides of the clamping frame (22) and are matched with vine clamping locking screws (14), and the vine clamping device (6) is fixed on a frame (1);

the worm and gear adjusting device (9) comprises a rack (30), a rocker (34), an internal worm, a worm wheel and an external box body, the rocker (34) is rocked to drive the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives a coaxial gear to rotate together, the gear drives the rack (30) meshed with the worm wheel to slide, the rack (30) is fixedly welded with the vine clamping device (6), so that the vine clamping device (6) is driven to move, the up-and-down adjustment of the vine clamping device (6) is realized, the box body is provided with a bolt hole, the box body can be fixed with the frame (1) through a bolt, and the worm and gear adjusting device (9) can be adjusted up and down by rocking the rocker (34) after the vine clamping locking screw (14) is loosened;

the cutting device (7) comprises a cutter disc (31), a blade (32), a cutter shaft (17) and a rotating shaft (18), wherein the cutter disc (31) is positioned on the cutter shaft (17), the cutter shaft (17) and the rotating shaft (18) are both positioned on the vine clamping device (6), a bearing for supporting the rotating shaft (18) is designed on the vine clamping device (6), power is transmitted between the cutter shaft (17) and the rotating shaft (18) through helical gear meshing, and power is transmitted between the rotating shaft (18) and the transmission system (10) through helical gear meshing and moves along with the transmission system (10);

the transmission system (10) comprises a universal shaft connector, a speed reducer (30) with variable speed output, a middle shaft (35) and a liftable transmission shaft (27), wherein the universal shaft connector is arranged on a frame (1), one end of the universal shaft connector is connected with a tractor power source, the other end of the universal shaft connector is connected with a speed reducer (28), an output shaft of the speed reducer (28) is provided with a chain wheel for transmitting to a conveying vibration device (8) and a chain wheel for transmitting to the middle shaft (35), the middle shaft (35) is provided with the chain wheel for transmitting with the chain wheel on the speed reducer (28), a bevel gear meshed with a gear on the liftable transmission shaft (27) and a chain wheel connected with a vine clamping device (6) and a cutting device (7), and the liftable transmission shaft (27) is respectively connected with the vine clamping device (6) and the cutting device (7) to provide power for the vine clamping device (7).

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