CN106593464A - Tunnel axial damping and energy absorbing device and tunnel lining structure with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel axial shock absorbing and energy absorbing device and a tunnel lining structure provided with the device. The tunnel axial shock absorbing and energy absorbing device includes: used to connect the energy absorbing body and the lining that is divided into adjacent parts along the axial direction of the tunnel Two connecting parts of the main structure; wherein, the energy-absorbing body is set to be rigid in the radial direction of the tunnel, and a relative displacement can be generated along the axial direction of the tunnel to absorb axial energy. The tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing device provided by the present invention does not damage the tunnel lining’s ability to withstand static loads due to the rigidity of the tunnel’s radial direction; the tunnel has a certain degree of flexibility in the axial direction, which can improve the axial tension and compression of the tunnel. The anti-seismic ability of deformation, and can absorb the phase-derived stress and relative displacement generated by the earthquake, has a good anti-shock effect, thus ensuring the safety of the tunnel lining structure during the earthquake; and the device is easy to install and easy to replace.

Description

A tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing device and a tunnel lining structure with the device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular relates to an axial vibration-absorbing energy-absorbing device for a tunnel and a tunnel lining structure provided with the device.

Background technique

Compared with surface structures such as bridges or high-rise buildings, the relative movement between the tunnel structure and the surrounding rock during an earthquake is not obvious for mountain tunnels. As a result, previous engineering circles did not pay much attention to their seismic behavior and seismic design. However, this traditional view has been proved to be one-sided by several major earthquakes in recent decades, such as the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Japan in 1995, the Chiji Earthquake in Taiwan in 1999, the Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan in 2008, and the Kumamoto Earthquake in 2016. In recent years, the anti-seismic method of interlayers is generally adopted in the anti-seismic design of tunnels, but this method cannot well prevent the occurrence of tunnel axial earthquake damage; the expansion joint design adopted in the axial design of tunnels is to prevent the lining Expansion, cold contraction), to cause cracks or damage to the structure and set a structural joint along the appropriate part of the lining construction joint direction, and the above-mentioned tunnel expansion joints can only enable the tunnel to withstand sliding in the axial direction, for energy such as seismic waves The absorption of the expansion joint does not play any role, that is, the expansion joint cannot absorb energy and cannot play a good shock absorption effect.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing device and a tunnel lining structure with the device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing device, comprising:

Two connectors used to connect the energy-absorbing body and the adjacent lining main structure divided along the axial direction of the tunnel; wherein, the energy-absorbing body is set to be rigid in the radial direction of the tunnel, and can generate Relative displacement to absorb axial energy.

When the tunnel is subjected to energy such as seismic waves in the axial direction, the energy propagating in the axial direction can be absorbed by the energy-absorbing body to slow down the damage to the tunnel lining; at the same time, it is almost rigid in the radial direction of the tunnel and can withstand the surrounding rock. The applied radial pressure ensures the integrity of the tunnel lining. The energy-absorbing body here is set to be rigid along the radial direction of the tunnel, which means that the rigidity is 0.8-1.5 times the rigidity of the main lining structure.

The energy-absorbing body is formed by stacking rigid material layers and elastic material layers; the connecting piece includes an energy-absorbing body connecting plate and a main structure connecting plate; the energy-absorbing body connecting plate is used for parallel arrangement along the side wall of the tunnel and The line points to the radial direction of the tunnel, and its inner side is connected to the energy-absorbing body; the connecting plate of the main structure is rigidly connected to the connecting plate of the energy-absorbing body, and is used for fixed connection with the adjacent lining main structure.

The energy-absorbing body is formed by stacking a rigid material layer and an elastic material layer radially along the tunnel. Due to the flexibility of the elastic material layer, this structure has a certain degree of flexibility along the axial direction of the tunnel. It is almost rigid, and with the corresponding structural design of the connector, it can realize the corresponding performance of the axial shock absorption and energy-absorbing device.

The elastic material layer is a rubber layer, and the rigid material layer is a steel plate; the materials of the rubber and the steel plate are mature in technology, easy to obtain and low in cost.

The energy-absorbing body is a plate-shaped part, which is provided with a bend perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel to realize the length displacement reserve; the two connecting parts are planar parts, which are oppositely fixed to the two sides of the plate-shaped part. side. When the axial displacement of the tunnel occurs, the plate-shaped component will be stretched at the bend, so as to achieve axial shock absorption and energy absorption. The bending part of the plate-shaped part will make it have corresponding rigidity in the radial direction of the tunnel, which can withstand the radial pressure exerted by the surrounding rock and ensure the integrity of the tunnel lining.

The plate-like member is in the form of a spring plate.

The connecting plate is made of reinforced concrete. The cost is low and the preparation is convenient.

An axial shock absorbing and energy-absorbing device for a tunnel, comprising: an energy-absorbing body arranged between two adjacent lining main structures that are divided along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the energy-absorbing body is arranged to It is rigid and can produce relative displacement along the tunnel axis to absorb axial energy;

The energy-absorbing body is composed of a number of hexagonal metal tubular parts in a honeycomb arrangement; the side of the energy-absorbing body is flat and fixedly connected to the lining main structure. The tubular parts are configured to point axially to the radial direction of the tunnel; the metal tubular parts are combined in a honeycomb arrangement, and the structure can be displaced axially when the tunnel is axially displaced, thereby achieving axial displacement. Shock absorption and energy absorption. The metal tubular part is rigid in the port orientation, so it can withstand the radial pressure exerted by the surrounding rock, ensuring the integrity of the tunnel lining.

The energy-absorbing body is fixedly connected to the lining main structure through a connecting plate.

A tunnel lining structure with an axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device, wherein the main lining structure is divided into several lining units along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the adjacent lining units are only separated by a predetermined distance arranged along the circumferential direction. Several of the tunnels are connected axially with shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing devices. When the tunnel is subjected to energy such as seismic waves in the axial direction, the energy propagating in the axial direction can be absorbed by the energy-absorbing body to slow down the damage to the tunnel lining; at the same time, it is almost rigid in the radial direction of the tunnel and can withstand the surrounding rock. The applied radial pressure ensures the integrity of the tunnel lining.

The set spacing of the tunnel axial shock absorbing and energy absorbing devices meets the following conditions: the tunnel axial shock absorbing and energy absorbing devices are evenly distributed along the tunnel ring direction, and the minimum number of installations should meet the overall radial rigidity requirements of the tunnel, and the maximum The value should meet the requirements of cost and ease of construction and replacement.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing device provided by the present invention does not damage the tunnel lining’s ability to withstand static loads due to the rigidity of the tunnel’s radial direction; the tunnel has a certain degree of flexibility in the axial direction, which can improve the axial tension and compression of the tunnel. The anti-seismic ability of deformation, and can absorb the phase-derived stress and relative displacement generated by the earthquake, has a good anti-shock effect, thus ensuring the safety of the tunnel lining structure during the earthquake; and the device is easy to install and easy to replace.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention will be further described:

Fig. 1 is the axial sectional view of the installation design of the tunnel axial shock absorbing energy-absorbing device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the radial sectional view of the installation design of the tunnel axial shock absorbing energy-absorbing device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a side perspective view of the installation design of the tunnel axial shock absorption and energy-absorbing device of the present invention;

Figure 4a is a schematic structural view of a rubber composite shear type shock absorbing energy-absorbing device;

Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of the first motion state of the rubber composite shear type shock absorbing and energy-absorbing device;

Fig. 4c is a schematic diagram of the second motion state of the rubber composite shear type shock absorbing energy-absorbing device;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation arrangement of the honeycomb core type shock absorbing and energy absorbing device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the first installation arrangement of the spring plate type shock absorbing energy-absorbing device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the second installation arrangement of the spring plate type shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device of the present invention.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, the tunnel 1 is a deep tunnel buried in a mountain 10, and the lining of the tunnel 1 is divided according to preset intervals along the axial direction, and the front and rear end faces 21, 22 of each divided lining unit 2A along the axial direction of the tunnel are subjected to shock absorption and energy absorption. The devices 3 are connected to form a complete tunnel lining as a whole. As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing devices 3 are arranged circumferentially along the cross-section of the tunnel 1 at certain angular intervals. The axial shock absorbing and energy-absorbing devices of the tunnel are evenly distributed along the ring direction of the tunnel, and the minimum number of installations should meet the overall radial rigidity requirements of the tunnel, and the maximum number should meet the requirements of cost and ease of construction and replacement. The implementation mode of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing through three kinds of embodiments:

Embodiment one

The tunnel axial damping and energy-absorbing device is directly connected to the main structure of the tunnel lining, and multiple sets of devices are distributed circumferentially within the cross-section of the tunnel lining at certain angular intervals; the tunnel axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device includes energy absorbing modules and rigid connecting plates ;The energy absorbing module is a rubber composite shear type, which is composed of thin layers of rubber and steel plates alternately stacked; the rigid connecting plate is an L-shaped reinforced concrete plate, a total of two; the rubber composite shear type energy absorption module passes two L-shaped Rigid connecting plates are bolted at both ends of the stacking direction to the end face of the tunnel lining; when installed, the stacking direction is consistent with the radial direction of the tunnel and perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel.

Specifically: the energy absorbing module of the shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device 3 is a rubber-combined shear type. As shown in Fig. 4a-Fig. 4c, the shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device is composed of a rubber-combined shear-type energy-absorbing module 4A and a rigid connecting plate 5 .

The rubber composite shear type energy absorbing module 4A is formed by alternately stacking steel plates 4a and thin rubber layers 4b. The thickness of the thin rubber layers 4b is smaller than that of the steel plates 4a, so it is almost rigid in the stacking direction T. In the vertical direction of the stacking direction T, due to The flexible nature of the thin rubber layer 4b has a certain flexibility.

The rigid connecting plate 5 includes an outer rigid connecting plate 5A and an inner rigid connecting plate 5B, wherein the outer rigid connecting plate 5A is located at the end 41 of the first stacking direction of the rubber composite shear type energy absorbing module 4A and the lining unit 2A along the tunnel axial direction. On the side of one end face 21, the inner rigid connecting plate 5B is located on the side of the second stacking direction end 42 of the rubber composite shear type energy absorbing module 4A and the second end face 22 of the adjacent lining unit 2A along the tunnel axial direction.

The rigid connecting plate 5 is composed of a plate member 51 with an L-shaped cross-section, including a main structure connecting plate 52 and an energy-absorbing body connecting plate 53, and is made of reinforced concrete. The main structure connecting plate 52 of the rigid connecting plate 5 is connected with the first end surface 21 and the second end surface 22 of the lining unit 2A, and the energy-absorbing body connecting plate 53 is laminated with the rubber combined shear type energy absorbing module 4A through the flange plate 4f. The lamination direction ends 41 in the layer direction T are connected; the above connection methods are all bolt connections.

As shown in Figure 2, a plurality of shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing devices 3 are installed at certain angular intervals along the ring direction of the tunnel 1. The axial direction is vertical. When the axial deformation of the tunnel occurs, the steel plate 4a in the rubber combined shear type energy absorption module 4A will shift along the thin rubber layer 4b, so the energy absorption module 4 can deform along the axial direction of the tunnel 1 and absorb The energy propagating in the tunnel 1 plays the role of shock absorption and energy absorption, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the damage of the tunnel lining; the rubber composite shear type energy absorption module 4A is almost rigid in the stacking direction T, and can withstand the force exerted by the surrounding rock 10. The radial pressure F3 ensures the integrity of the tunnel lining.

Embodiment two

The honeycomb-core shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device is directly connected to the main structure of the tunnel lining, and multiple sets of devices are distributed circumferentially within the cross-section of the tunnel lining at certain angular intervals. The energy absorbing module of the honeycomb core type shock absorbing and energy absorbing device is a honeycomb core type. As shown in Figure 5, the honeycomb core type shock absorbing and energy absorbing device is composed of a honeycomb core type energy absorbing module 4B and a rigid connecting plate. Side and back-to-back symmetrical arrangement and combination; the honeycomb core energy absorption module 4B is connected to the end faces 21 and 22 of the tunnel lining unit 2A through the side of the length direction of the hexagonal metal tube 43 . The connection method is direct coupling connection with concrete or connection through rigid connection plate. The rigid connecting plate is a flat reinforced concrete plate, and there are two in total.

As shown in FIG. 5 , a plurality of shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing devices having honeycomb core-type energy-absorbing modules 4B are installed at certain intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunnel 1 . The port of the honeycomb core type energy absorbing module 4B faces the radial direction 44 of the tunnel and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel 1, so that the energy absorbing module 4B can deform along the axial direction of the tunnel 1, control the transmission of energy in the tunnel lining 1, and act as a shock absorber. function, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the damage of tunnel lining. The hexagonal metal pipe 43 is rigid in the direction of the port, so it can withstand the radial pressure F3 ( FIG. 2 ) exerted by the surrounding rock 10 , ensuring the integrity of the tunnel lining.

Embodiment three

The spring plate type shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device is directly connected to the main structure of the tunnel lining, and multiple sets of devices are distributed circumferentially in the cross-section of the tunnel lining at certain angular intervals; the shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device is composed of energy absorbing modules and rigid connecting plates, and the The absorption module is in the form of a spring plate; the rigid connecting plate is a flat reinforced concrete slab, and there are two in total; the two ends of the spring plate energy absorbing module in the expansion and contraction direction are bolted to the end face of the tunnel lining through two rigid connecting plates; The direction is consistent with the tunnel axis.

The energy absorbing module of the shock absorbing and energy absorbing device is a spring plate type energy absorbing module 4C. As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the spring plate type shock absorbing energy absorbing device is composed of a spring plate type energy absorbing module 4C and a rigid connecting plate 4g. The two ends 4e of the stretchable direction of the spring plate type energy absorbing module 4C are respectively connected to the end faces 21, 22 of the two adjacent lining units 2A through the rigid connecting plate 4g, and the connection method is bolt connection.

As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, a plurality of shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing devices are installed at certain intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunnel 1. Consistent, the bending direction Z is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel 1, arranged radially with the lining (Fig. 6) or arranged tangentially with the circumferential direction of the lining (Fig. 7), so that the spring plate type energy absorbing Directional deformation controls the transmission of energy in the tunnel lining 1, plays the role of shock absorption and energy absorption, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the damage of the tunnel lining. The spring plate is rigid in the radial direction of the tunnel, and can withstand the radial pressure F3 (Fig. 2) exerted by the surrounding rock 10, thus ensuring the integrity of the tunnel lining.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. The detailed description is related to the prior art and will not be repeated here. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and characteristics disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing device, characterized in that it comprises: Two connectors used to connect the energy-absorbing body and the adjacent lining main structure divided along the axial direction of the tunnel; wherein, the energy-absorbing body is set to be rigid in the radial direction of the tunnel, and can generate Relative displacement to absorb axial energy. 2. A tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy-absorbing body is formed by stacking rigid material layers and elastic material layers; The plate and the main structure connecting plate; the energy-absorbing body connecting plate is arranged parallel to the side wall of the tunnel and the normal line points to the radial direction of the tunnel, and its inner side is connected to the energy-absorbing body; the main structure connecting plate and the absorbing body The connecting plate of the body can be rigidly connected, and is used for fixed connection with the adjacent lining main structure. 3. The tunnel axial shock and energy-absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the elastic material layer is a rubber layer, and the rigid material layer is a steel plate. 4. A tunnel axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy-absorbing body is a plate-shaped component, which is provided with a shaft perpendicular to the axial direction of the tunnel to realize the length displacement reserve Bending; the two connecting pieces are planar components, oppositely fixed on both sides of the plate-shaped component. 5. The tunnel axial shock absorbing and energy-absorbing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the plate-shaped component is in the shape of a spring plate. 6. A tunnel axial shock absorbing and energy-absorbing device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the connecting plate is made of reinforced concrete. 7. A tunnel axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device, comprising: an energy-absorbing body arranged between two adjacent lining main structures that are divided along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the energy-absorbing body is arranged to Rigid in the radial direction, relative displacement can be generated along the axial direction of the tunnel to absorb axial energy; The energy-absorbing body is composed of a number of hexagonal metal tubular parts in a honeycomb arrangement; the side of the energy-absorbing body is flat and fixedly connected to the lining main structure. 8 . The tunnel axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device according to claim 7 , wherein the energy-absorbing body is fixedly connected to the main lining structure through a connecting plate. 9. A tunnel lining structure with an axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing device, characterized in that: the main lining structure is divided into several lining units along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the adjacent lining units are only arranged in the circumferential direction A plurality of tunnel axial shock-absorbing energy-absorbing devices as described in any one of claims 1-8 are connected at set intervals. 10. A tunnel lining structure with axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing devices according to claim 9, characterized in that: the setting distance of the axial shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing devices of the tunnel satisfies the following conditions: The shock energy absorbing devices are evenly distributed along the ring direction of the tunnel, and the minimum installed quantity meets the overall radial rigidity requirements of the tunnel.