CN106581555A - 治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻45‑150份、钩藤45‑150份、半枫荷60‑200份、臭牡丹45‑150份、宽筋藤45‑150份、胆木60‑200份、忍冬藤45‑150份、小发散45‑150份、透骨草15‑80份、鱼腥草15‑80份、穿破石45‑150份、八角枫60‑200份、柴胡60‑200份、砂仁15‑80份、豆鼓姜45‑150份及过山龙15‑80份。本发明还公开了上述瑶药组合物的制备方法。全方配伍精当，打药为主，兼具风打，具有发汗解表、温经散寒、疏风通络的功效，散寒祛邪而不伤正，充分体现了瑶医风亏打盈、平衡盈亏的思想；结合温水泡浴，更具散寒退热的效果；无毒副作用，弥补了口服中药的不足。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及瑶药技术领域，尤其涉及一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
瑶族医药是祖国医学的一个重要分支，瑶族人民在长期的生产、生活实践中，积累了大量与疾病作斗争的经验，形成了有自己特色的医药，民间称之为瑶药，所用药材主要是中草药，所以还是属于中华医药的范畴。药浴是瑶医一种富有民族特色的防治方法，运用上瑶药泡浴(瑶浴)通过借助药力热力，透过皮肤促使腠理疏通、脉络调和、气血畅通，从而达到治疗的目的，可弥补内治之不足，内外合治，相得益彰通过药物的洗浴作用达到防病治病的目的。
外感发热是指外感因素导致的病理性体温升高。外感发热在内科疾病的发病率中占有较高的比例，影响工作和生活，严重者可出现神昏谵语，抽搐惊厥，甚至危及生命。外感发热的表现形式较多，但体温升高、身热、面红、舌红、脉数等是其基本临床特征。外感发热起病急骤，多有2周左右的中度发热或高热，也有少数疾病是微热者。发热时间，短者几日即退，长者持续10余日或更长时间热势不解。最常伴见口干烦渴，尿少便秘，舌上少津等热伤津液之症。除发热外，必伴随有病变相关脏腑功能失调的症状，如咳嗽、胸痛、胁肋胀满、便秘、泄泻、小便频急等。外感发热是常见病和多发病，尤以婴幼儿期最为多见，在急性感染性疾病中占首位，西医多用非甾体类药物退热，虽疗效确切，但极易导致大汗淋漓、汗出热退、汗止热复等体温易反弹弊端，有一定肝肾毒性，且小儿服药困难，治疗不配合，故采用瑶药进行外治退热法尤其是瑶药药浴而受到广泛欢迎。
《素问·至真要大论》中也明确指出“内者内治，外者外治”，为外治法的形成和发展奠定了理论依据。中药泡浴退热，相当于中医外治法之“汗法”。《素问·阴阳应象大论》云：“其有邪者，渍形以为汗。”“其在表者，汗而发之。”张志聪注曰：“渍者，浸也。古者用汤液浸渍取汗，以去其邪。”表明中药外洗，使邪从汗出，这是中药泡浴治疗的理论渊源。目前瑶药泡浴作为瑶族人们防病治病、养生保健的重要手段不断被广大人民所认知。然而，由于瑶族人民居住的地域和生活习性不一样，对药物的认识也不同，因此瑶药浴没有固定的方药，也没有统一的配方，大多就地取材，落后于现代药学的发展，不符合药剂学的要求，在处方拟定、提取及精制工艺、质量标准等方面均有不完善之处。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：针对上述存在的问题，提供一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，结合多种瑶族药材，合理配伍，操作简便，具有发汗解表，温经散寒、疏风通络等显著疗效，避免了非甾体类药物或激素类药物退热导致的大汗淋漓、汗出热退、汗止热复的弊端，更无胃肠刺激和肝肾损伤等毒副作用，弥补了口服中药的不足。本发明还提供了一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法及应用。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻45-150份、钩藤45-150份、半枫荷60-200份、臭牡丹45-150份、宽筋藤45-150份、胆木60-200份、忍冬藤45-150份、小发散45-150份、透骨草15-80份、鱼腥草15-80份、穿破石45-150份、八角枫60-200份、柴胡60-200份、砂仁15-80份、豆鼓姜45-150份及过山龙15-80份。
较佳地，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻60-100份、钩藤60-100份、半枫荷80-150份、臭牡丹60-100份、宽筋藤60-100份、胆木80-150份、忍冬藤60-100份、小发散60-100份、透骨草30-60份、鱼腥草30-60份、穿破石60-100份、八角枫80-150份、柴胡80-150份、砂仁30-60份、豆鼓姜60-100份及过山龙30-60份。
较佳地，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻92份、钩藤75份、半枫荷140份、臭牡丹68份、宽筋藤63份、胆木77份、忍冬藤75份、小发散98份、透骨草35份、鱼腥草44份、穿破石85份、八角枫130份、柴胡95份、砂仁40份、豆鼓姜95份及过山龙35份。
本发明还提供了一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法，所述制备方法由以下步骤组成：
(1)按上述比例称取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香，然后各取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香重量的1/4-1/2，混合后用食用酒精浸泡，过滤，得到药渣及醇液备用；
(2)将步骤(1)所得药渣与剩余的半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香及其余药材合并，加水浸泡3-5h，煎煮2-4次，每次1-2h，合并煎液，过滤，得到滤液；
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液浓缩，再加入步骤(1)所得醇液，搅匀，冷藏静置12-24h，抽滤，得到清液，加入水调整液体总重量至1-4kg，再添加防腐剂，搅匀灌装，灭菌，即得。
较佳地，在步骤(1)，所述食用酒精中乙醇的体积百分数为30-70％，所述浸泡的时间为2-8天。
较佳地，在步骤(3)，所述防腐剂为山梨酸钾、山梨酸钠或山梨酸；所述防腐剂的用量为液体总重量的0.1-0.5％。
较佳地，所述水为微分子活化水。
本发明还提供一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物在治疗外感发热药物中的应用。
以上组合物中：
铜钻又名藤蛇总管、铜准、假丁公藤、甜果藤、黄九牛，老班药，属于十八钻，为茶茱萸科植物定心藤Mappianthus iodoides Hand.-Mazz.的干燥藤茎。生于山地沟边林下或密林中。产于广西防城、上思、宁明、武鸣、上林、罗城、金秀、贺州等县市。味微苦、涩，性平；具有清热解毒，祛风除湿，通经活血活，血调经，止痛的功效。用于望胆篮虷(黄疸型肝炎)，崩闭闷(风湿痛、类风湿性关节炎)，辣给昧对(月经不调)及播冲(跌打损伤)。属打药。
钩藤又名鹰爪风(懂杠扭崩)，为茜草科植物钩藤Uncaria rhynchophylla(Miq.)Miq.ex Havil、大叶钩藤Uncaria.macrophylla Wall.、毛钩藤Uncaria hirsuta Havil.、华钩藤Uncaria sinensis(Oliv)Havil.或无柄果钩藤Uncaria sessilifructus Roxb.的干燥带钩茎枝。味甘、苦，性微寒；具有清热平肝，熄风定惊，降压，消肿之功效。用于伯公梦(头晕目眩)，伯公闷(头痛)，谷阿惊崩(小儿高热惊风)及样琅病(高血压病)。属打药。
半枫荷又名半荷风(扁荷崩)，为金缕梅科植物金缕半荷风Semiliquidambarcathayensis Chang.的干燥地上部分。味甘、淡，性温；具有祛风除湿，舒筋活血，消肿止痛之功效。用于崩闭闷(风湿痛、类风湿性关节炎)，改闷(腰痛，腰肌劳损)，播冲(跌打损伤)，荣古瓦崩(产后风)及扁免崩(中风偏瘫)。属打药。
臭牡丹又名矮桐子、大红花、臭枫根、臭八宝、臭芙蓉、矮脚桐。以根及叶入药为马鞭草科植物臭牡丹Clerodendrum bungei Steudel的新鲜或干燥地上部分。辛、苦，平；臭牡丹根提取物对神经病理性痛具有明显的镇痛效果，具有解毒消肿，祛风除湿，平肝潜阳之功效。用于眩晕，痈疽，疔疮，乳痈，痔疮，湿疹，丹毒，风湿痹痛。属打药。
宽筋藤：味微苦，性凉。祛风除湿，舒筋活络，消肿止痛。属打药。
胆木又名山熊胆、熊胆树、药乌檀、黄胆木、黄心木、树黄柏；为茜草科植物胆木Nauclea officinalis(Pierre ex Pitard)Merr.Ex Chun的干燥木材。味苦，性寒。具有镇静降压，清热解毒，利尿，活血止痛，泻肝火之功效。木茎中主要含生物碱类和生物碱甙类。其中生物碱有：乌檀费新碱(naucleficine)，乌檀费丁碱(mauclefidine)，乌檀福林碱(nauclefline)，1-乙酰基咔啉(1-acetyl-carboline)，乌檀费林碱(nauclefiline)和乌檀醛碱(naucleidi-nal)。生物碱甙有胆木碱庚(nauclecoside)，胆木碱辛(naucle-cosidine)和长春花甙内酰胺(vincoside lactam)。另外含有奎诺酸(quinov(a)ic acid)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)。主要用于感冒发热；支气管炎；肺炎；急性扁桃体炎等疾病治疗。属打药。
忍冬藤又名忍冬、银花藤、金银藤等，为忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonicaThunb.的干燥茎枝。忍冬藤含绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)，异绿原酸(isochlorogenicacid)。地上部分含马钱子甙(loganin)，断马钱子甙二甲基缩醛(secologanindimethylacetal)，断马钱子甙半缩醛内酯(vogeloside)，表断马钱子甙半缩醛内酯(epi-vogeloside)等。幼枝含断氧化马钱子甙(secoxyloganin)叶含木犀草素(luteolin)，忍冬素(loniceraflavone)，3-甲氧基-5，7，4-三羟基黄酮(3-methoxy-5，7，4-trihydroxyflavaone)，木犀草素-7-鼠李葡萄糖甙即忍冬甙(luteolin-7-rhamnoglucoside，loni-cerin)等。味甘；性寒；具有清热解毒，疏风通络之功效。用于温病发热，热毒血痢，痈肿疮疡，风湿热痹，关节红肿热痛。属打药。
柴胡：为伞形科植物柴胡Bupleurum chinense DC.或狭叶柴胡Bupleurumscocrzonerifolium Willd.的干燥根。北柴胡根含挥发油、柴胡醇、油酸、亚麻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、廿四酸、葡萄糖及皂甙等。皂甙中有柴胡皂甙a、c、d，柴胡甙元F、E、G，龙吉甙元；另有报道，根和种子中分出柴胡甙，这是多种甙的总称。此外，根中含α-菠菜甾醇、Δ7-豆甾烯醇、Δ22-豆甾烯醇、豆甾醇、侧金盏花醇、白芷素。茎、叶含芸香甙。果实含油11.2％，其中有洋芫荽子酸、反式洋芫荽子酸和亚袖酸。辛、苦，微寒；柴胡和解表里，疏肝，升阳。具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎及解热作用。治寒热往来，胸满胁痛，口苦耳聋，头痛目眩，疟疾，下利脱肛等疾病。属风打相兼药。
小发散又名小散骨风(小暂迸崩)、散风藤，为清风藤科植物簇花清风藤的全株；为清风藤科清风藤属植物簇花清风藤Sabia fasciculata Lecomte ex L.Chen的干燥藤茎。味甘、微涩，性温；具有祛风除湿；散瘀消肿之功效。用于泵虷怒哈(肺炎，肺热咳嗽)，样琅病(高血压病)，布醒蕹(肾炎水肿)，布标(甲状腺肿大)，崩闭闷(风湿痛、类风湿性关节炎)，荣古瓦别带病(产后恶露不尽)，播冲(跌打损伤)及碰脑(骨折)。属打药。
砂仁为姜科植物阳春砂Amomum villosum Lour.、绿壳砂Amomum villosumLour.var.xanthioides T.L.Wu et Senjen或海南砂Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu的干燥成熟果实。味辛，性温；砂仁化湿开胃，温脾止泻，理气安胎。具有镇痛、消炎及抗菌的作用；用于湿浊中阻，脘痞不饥，脾胃虚寒，呕吐泄泻，妊娠恶阻，胎动不安。属风打相兼药。
豆鼓姜别名为木浆子根、澄茄根、木姜子根、过山香、满山香、山苍子根；为樟科植物山鸡椒Litsea cubeba(Lour.)Pers.的干燥根和根茎。味辛，性温；生于向阳山坡、丘陵、林缘灌丛或疏林中，分布于西南、华南及安徽、江苏、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、西藏等地。据《南宁市药物志》记载其具有祛风除湿，理气止痛。主治感冒、心胃冷痛、腹痛吐泻、脚气、孕妇水肿、风湿痹痛、跌打损伤、脑血栓形成等。属风打相兼药。
透骨草为大戟科植物地构叶Speranskia tuberculata(Bunge)Baillon的干燥地上部分。甘、辛，温；具有辛散温化，功能祛风胜湿，活血止痛，兼能软坚消痞的功效；民间用全草入药，治感冒、跌打损伤。属打药。
鱼腥草为三白草科植物蕺菜Houttuynia cordata Thunb.的新鲜全草或干燥地上部分。辛，微寒，微苦；能清热解毒、消肿疗疮、利尿除湿、清热止痢、健胃消食，用治实热、热毒、湿邪、疾热为患的肺痈、疮疡肿毒、痔疮便血、脾胃积热等。现代药理实验表明，本品具有抗菌、抗病毒、提高机体免疫力、利尿等作用。属打药。
穿破石又名金蝉退壳、黄龙退壳、牵牛入石、金腰带、黄蛇根、山荔枝、千重皮。为桑科植物构棘Maclura cochinchinensis(Loureiro)Corner或柘M.tricuspidata Carriere的干燥根。味淡、微苦、性凉；祛风通络；清热除湿；解毒消肿。用于肺结核，黄疸型肝炎，肝脾肿大，胃、十二指肠溃疡，风湿性腰腿痛；外用治骨折，跌打损伤。属打药。
八角枫又名八角风(毕各崩)；祛风活络，散瘀止痛，镇痉。为八角枫科植物八角枫Alangium chinense(Lour.)Harms的干燥细根及须根。味辛、苦，性温；祛风，通络，散瘀，镇痛，并有麻醉及松弛肌肉作用。治风湿疼痛，麻木瘫痪，心力衰竭，劳伤腰痛，跌打损伤。用于崩闭闷(风湿痛、类风湿性关节)，播冲(跌打损伤)，布浪(羊吊风，癫痫，癫狂症，精神分裂症)，囊暗(毒蛇咬伤)及古岸闷(犬咬外伤)。属打药。
过山龙又名过山风；为卫矛科南蛇藤属植物过山枫Celastrus aculeatus Merr.的藤茎。味微辛，性温；具有清热解毒，消痧止痛，祛风除湿，消肿止痒之功效。用于锥碰江闷(坐骨神经痛)，崩闭闷(风湿痛、类风湿性关节)，播冲(跌打损伤)及身谢(湿疹)。属风打相兼药。
本发明瑶药组合物所用药材及辅料来源清楚，均为《中国药典》2015年版一部、《广西壮族自治区瑶药材质量标准(第一卷)》等收载，鉴定依据有法定标准。配方中铜钻、小发散等是广西壮族自治区瑶族特色药材，且疗效确切，使用安全，非常具有广西瑶药特色。
其中铜钻、钩藤、半枫荷、臭牡丹、宽筋藤、胆木、忍冬藤、小发散、透骨草、鱼腥草、穿破石、八角枫等12味具有穿经走脉、启关透窍、祛风散邪功效，药性威猛，属打药。
柴胡、砂仁、满山香、过山龙等4味具有发汗解表、泻热逐邪、开结导滞、益气强筋的功效，药性平和，属风打相兼药。
本发明中的水使用微分子活性水。在水化学中，大多数水分子被锁定在液态水的团粒中，只有不足20％的属于自由水分子。微分子活性水打断了水分子之间的氢键并产生自由水分子，微分子活化水中3～6个水分子氢键缔合的小分子团和/或单个小分子具有极佳的渗透性，利用微分子活性水为溶剂煎煮、提取及泡浴，所得瑶药组合物更容易被人体吸收利用，并具有极佳的溶解性，由于它很细，含有很多离子，能积极参与和改善生化作用，增强酶活性，充分发挥药效，更具散寒退热的效果。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明配方对于外感风寒发热症，全方配伍精当，具有发汗解表，温经散寒、疏风通络的功效，结合温水泡浴，更具散寒退热的效果；避免了非甾体类药物或激素类药物退热导致的大汗淋漓、汗出热退、汗止热复的弊端，更无胃肠刺激和肝肾损伤等毒副作用，弥补了口服中药的不足。全方打药为主，兼具风打，散寒祛邪而不伤正，充分体现了瑶医风亏打盈、平衡盈亏的思想。
(2)本发明瑶药组合物添加了防腐剂，保障药效长期贮存，适合各类人群使用；本发明制备方法中部分药材采用醇提，易于将此部分药材中溶于酒精的物质提取出来，醇提及水提结合，更宜于功能主治。
(3)本发明瑶药组合物利用利用微分子活性水为溶剂煎煮、提取及泡浴，更容易被人体吸收利用，并具有极佳的溶解性，由于它很细，含有很多离子，能积极参与和改善生化作用，增强酶活性，充分发挥药效，更具散寒退热的效果。
(4)将外感退热瑶药组合物用于泡浴液治疗外感发热，对瑶医药挖掘、整理民间治疗疑难病症有效的瑶医药偏方、秘方及验方，起到重要的示范作用。
(5)本发明采用纯瑶医药材制作，无毒无害，无副作用，取材便宜，成本低廉，售价符合广大人民群众的消费能力，易于推广。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下举出优选实施例，对本发明进一步详细说明。然而，需要说明的是，说明书中列出的许多细节仅仅是为了使读者对本发明的一个或多个方面有一个透彻的理解，即便没有这些特定的细节也可以实现本发明的这些方面。
本发明所用微分子活化水购自黑龙江虎峰泉饮品有限责任公司。
实施例1
一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻45份、钩藤150份、半枫荷60份、臭牡丹150份、宽筋藤45份、胆木200份、忍冬藤45份、小发散150份、透骨草15份、鱼腥草80份、穿破石45份、八角枫200份、柴胡60份、砂仁80份、豆鼓姜45份及过山龙80份。
本发明还提供一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法，由以下步骤组成：
(1)按上述比例称取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香，然后各取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香重量的1/4，混合后用食用酒精浸泡，过滤，得到药渣及醇液备用；所述食用酒精中乙醇的体积百分数为70％，所述浸泡的时间为2天；
(2)将步骤(1)所得药渣与剩余的半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香及其余药材合并，加水浸泡3h，煎煮4次，每次1h，合并煎液，过滤，得到滤液；
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液浓缩，再加入步骤(1)所得醇液，搅匀，冷藏静置24h，抽滤，得到清液，加入水调整液体总重量至1kg，再添加山梨酸钾，所述山梨酸钾的用量为液体总重量的0.1％，搅匀灌装，灭菌，即得。
上述治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物可应用在治疗外感发热药物中，亦可根据现有技术的相应制备方法做成膏剂、丸剂或片剂等。
实施例2
一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻150份、钩藤45份、半枫荷200份、臭牡45份、宽筋藤150份、胆木60份、忍冬藤150份、小发散45份、透骨草80份、鱼腥草15份、穿破石150份、八角枫60份、柴胡200份、砂仁15份、豆鼓姜150份及过山龙15份。
本发明还提供一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法，由以下步骤组成：
(1)按上述比例称取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香，然后各取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香重量的1/2，混合后用食用酒精浸泡，过滤，得到药渣及醇液备用；所述食用酒精中乙醇的体积百分数为30％，所述浸泡的时间为8天；
(2)将步骤(1)所得药渣与剩余的半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香及其余药材合并，加水浸泡5h，煎煮2次，每次2h，合并煎液，过滤，得到滤液；
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液浓缩，再加入步骤(1)所得醇液，搅匀，冷藏静置12h，抽滤，得到清液，加入水调整液体总重量至2kg，再添加山梨酸钾，所述山梨酸钾的用量为液体总重量的0.5％，搅匀灌装，灭菌，即得。
所述水为微分子活化水。
上述治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物可应用在治疗外感发热药物中，亦可根据现有技术的相应制备方法做成膏剂、丸剂或片剂等。
实施例3
一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻60份、钩藤100份、半枫荷80份、臭牡丹100份、宽筋藤60份、胆木150份、忍冬藤60份、小发散100份、透骨草30份、鱼腥草30份、穿破石100份、八角枫150份、柴胡80份、砂仁60份、豆鼓姜60份及过山龙60份。
本发明还提供一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法，由以下步骤组成：
(1)按上述比例称取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香，然后各取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香重量的1/3，混合后用食用酒精浸泡，过滤，得到药渣及醇液备用；所述食用酒精中乙醇的体积百分数为50％，所述浸泡的时间为6天；
(2)将步骤(1)所得药渣与剩余的半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香及其余药材合并，加水浸泡4h，煎煮3次，每次1.5h，合并煎液，过滤，得到滤液；
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液浓缩，再加入步骤(1)所得醇液，搅匀，冷藏静置12h，抽滤，得到清液，加入水调整液体总重量至4kg，再添加山梨酸钠，所述山梨酸钠的用量为液体总重量的0.3％，搅匀灌装，灭菌，即得。
所述水为微分子活化水。
上述治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物可应用在治疗外感发热药物中，亦可根据现有技术的相应制备方法做成膏剂、丸剂或片剂等。
实施例4
一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻100份、钩藤60份、半枫荷150份、臭牡丹60份、宽筋藤100份、胆木80份、忍冬藤100份、小发散60份、透骨草60、鱼腥草30份、穿破石100份、八角枫80份、柴胡150份、砂仁30份、豆鼓姜100份及过山龙30份。
本发明还提供一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法，由以下步骤组成：
(1)按上述比例称取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香，然后各取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香重量的1/3，混合后用食用酒精浸泡，过滤，得到药渣及醇液备用；所述食用酒精中乙醇的体积百分数为50％，所述浸泡的时间为6天；
(2)将步骤(1)所得药渣与剩余的半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香及其余药材合并，加水浸泡4h，煎煮3次，每次1.5h，合并煎液，过滤，得到滤液；
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液浓缩，再加入步骤(1)所得醇液，搅匀，冷藏静置12h，抽滤，得到清液，加入水调整液体总重量至1kg，再添加山梨酸钠，所述山梨酸钠的用量为液体总重量的0.3％，搅匀灌装，灭菌，即得。
所述水为微分子活化水。
上述治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物可应用在治疗外感发热药物中，亦可根据现有技术的相应制备方法做成膏剂、丸剂或片剂等。
实施例5
一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻92份、钩藤75份、半枫荷140份、臭牡丹68份、宽筋藤63份、胆木77份、忍冬藤75份、小发散98份、透骨草35份、鱼腥草44份、穿破石85份、八角枫130份、柴胡95份、砂仁40份、豆鼓姜95份及过山龙35份。
本发明还提供一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法，由以下步骤组成：
(1)按上述比例称取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香，然后各取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香重量的1/4，混合后用食用酒精浸泡，过滤，得到药渣及醇液备用；所述食用酒精中乙醇的体积百分数为50％，所述浸泡的时间为6天；
(2)将步骤(1)所得药渣与剩余的半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香及其余药材合并，加水浸泡4h，煎煮3次，每次1.5h，合并煎液，过滤，得到滤液；
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液浓缩，再加入步骤(1)所得醇液，搅匀，冷藏静置12h，抽滤，得到清液，加入水调整液体总重量至3kg，再添加山梨酸，所述山梨酸的用量为液体总重量的0.3％，搅匀灌装，灭菌，即得。
所述水为微分子活化水。
上述治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物可应用在治疗外感发热药物中，亦可根据现有技术的相应制备方法做成膏剂、丸剂或片剂等。
本发明治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的使用方法为：将制备好的瑶药组合物倒入清洁消毒后的浴盆或浴缸里，加入热水，然后把水调到适当的温度，即可洗浴或泡浴。
一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，临床疗效总结：
一、一般性资料：本瑶药组合物应用于临床外感发热患者120例，其中男78例，女42例，其年龄5～70岁，其中5-16岁30例，17-30岁45例，31-70岁45例。120例患者中，低热48例，中度热57例，高热15例。
二、用法用量：将制备好的瑶药组合物倒入清洁消毒后的浴盆或浴缸里，加入热的微分子活化水，然后把水温调至38-45℃，即可洗浴或泡浴。每5L水中放入10-100g瑶药组合物，每天泡1-2次，每次泡20-30min。临床应用时，组合物中的组分根据患者的体重和年龄酌情增减，肥胖或寒湿体质者，可适当提高水温，加强药性渗透，强化药效。
三、疗效标准：
(1)临床痊愈：体温恢复正常，症状消失，异常理化指标恢复正常；
(2)显效：体温恢复正常，主要症状消失，异常理化指标接近正常；
(3)有效：体温较前下降，主要症状减轻，异常理化指标有所改善；
(4)无效；体温和症状无明显改善，症状如前。
四、治疗效果：该临床观察病例中，洗浴或泡浴2～10天后，痊愈82例，显效21例，有效14例，无效3例；总有效率达97.5％。治疗期间未发生毒副作用。
五、典型病例：
病例1：
胡某，男，13岁。主诉：发热、鼻塞流涕、咳嗽、口渴、尿黄等风热感冒症状2天，还伴随有腹部胀满、恶心呕吐、大便不调等夹滞症状，以及异常舌脉。使用本发明瑶药组合物泡浴3天后，发热、鼻塞流涕、咳嗽、口渴、腹部胀满、恶心呕吐均已缓解，继续泡浴3天后，鼻塞流涕、咳嗽、大便不调全治，诸症状消失，治愈。
病例2：
张某，女，7岁。主诉：发热头痛、咳嗽、咯痰3天；易出现呕吐、厌食、腹胀等挟滞现象，不愿吃药，更不愿打针，西医无法进行治疗；症状加重而就诊。使用本发明瑶药组合物泡浴3天后，发热头痛、咳嗽、呕吐、口渴、腹部均已缓解，继续泡浴4天后，发热头痛、厌食、咯痰、呕吐等症全治，诸症状消失，治愈。
病例3：
刘某，男，35岁。主诉：发热恶寒、头痛、关节酸痛1天。病史：洗澡感冐，头晕，轻度头痛，咽干，上肢关节酸痛，无咳嗽。没进行治疗，症状加重而就诊。症见：头痛、项背发紧，全身关节肌肉酸痛，恶寒无汗，咽喉发干，舌苔薄黄，脉浮滑。使用本发明瑶药组合物泡浴2天后，发热恶寒、咽痛、关节酸痛均已缓解，继续泡浴3天后，诸症状消失，治愈。
病例4：
秦某，女，52岁。就诊主诉：发热头痛，喉痛、咳嗽2天。病史：受凉感冒，自感到周身发冷，白天体温37.8℃，晚上38.5℃，周身无力，轻度咽部干痛，伴咳嗽。症见：见面红唇干，咽喉潮红，发热头胀，四肢酸楚，无汗，咽喉干痛，口渴喜饮，咳嗽咯痰黄粘不爽。舌红苔黄薄，脉浮数。使用本发明瑶药组合物泡浴3天后，体温降至正常，咽喉干痛已解，咳嗽亦减，继续泡浴2天后，症状消失，痊愈。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，其特征在于：包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻45-150份、钩藤45-150份、半枫荷60-200份、臭牡丹45-150份、宽筋藤45-150份、胆木60-200份、忍冬藤45-150份、小发散45-150份、透骨草15-80份、鱼腥草15-80份、穿破石45-150份、八角枫60-200份、柴胡60-200份、砂仁15-80份、豆鼓姜45-150份及过山龙15-80份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，其特征在于：包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻60-100份、钩藤60-100份、半枫荷80-150份、臭牡丹60-100份、宽筋藤60-100份、胆木80-150份、忍冬藤60-100份、小发散60-100份、透骨草30-60份、鱼腥草30-60份、穿破石60-100份、八角枫80-150份、柴胡80-150份、砂仁30-60份、豆鼓姜60-100份及过山龙30-60份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物，其特征在于：包括以下重量份数的原料：铜钻92份、钩藤75份、半枫荷140份、臭牡丹68份、宽筋藤63份、胆木77份、忍冬藤75份、小发散98份、透骨草35份、鱼腥草44份、穿破石85份、八角枫130份、柴胡95份、砂仁40份、豆鼓姜95份及过山龙35份。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法由以下步骤组成：
(1)按上述比例称取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香，然后各取半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香重量的1/4-1/2，混合后用食用酒精浸泡，过滤，得到药渣及醇液备用；
(2)将步骤(1)所得药渣与剩余的半枫荷、鱼腥草、小发散、满山香及其余药材合并，加水浸泡3-5h，煎煮2-4次，每次1-2h，合并煎液，过滤，得到滤液；
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液浓缩，再加入步骤(1)所得醇液，搅匀，冷藏静置12-24h，抽滤，得到清液，加入水调整液体总重量至1-4kg，再添加防腐剂，搅匀灌装，灭菌，即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤(1)，所述食用酒精中乙醇的体积百分数为30-70％，所述浸泡的时间为2-8天。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤(3)，所述防腐剂为山梨酸钾、山梨酸钠或山梨酸；所述防腐剂的用量为液体总重量的0.1-0.5％。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述水为微分子活化水。
8.如权利要求1至3任一项所述的治疗外感发热的瑶药组合物在治疗外感发热药物中的应用。
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