CN106576766A - 一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法 - Google Patents

一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法 Download PDF

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CN106576766A
CN106576766A CN201611057341.8A CN201611057341A CN106576766A CN 106576766 A CN106576766 A CN 106576766A CN 201611057341 A CN201611057341 A CN 201611057341A CN 106576766 A CN106576766 A CN 106576766A
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冯晓磊
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Quanjiao County Fruit And Vegetable Planting Cooperatives Carefree And Content
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Abstract

本发明属于番茄种植技术领域，具体涉及一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法，包括种子处理、苗床管理、育苗期各个阶段的管理，使花芽能够正常分化，壮苗率达到95%以上，育苗后所得植株节间短，抗病能力强，缩短育苗期限，避免花器木栓化，用于栽培后，所结果实畸形率低，能够有效保障种植户的经济利益。

Description

一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法
技术领域
本发明属于番茄种植技术领域，具体涉及一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法。
背景技术
番茄在生产中常常出现畸形果，通常认为是品种和使用激素等原因，但事实上番茄果实发育成整齐果或畸形果，取决于花芽分化的质量，幼苗在低温、水分足、氮肥多的条件下，花芽容易过度分化，形成多心皮的畸形，结果就可能出现畸形果，如果幼苗苗龄过程，长期处于低温、干燥的抑制生长的条件下，也可能会出现畸形果，如果在花芽形成过程中，低温经历的时间较长，所形成的的畸形花就较多，因此，需要通过多个方面对减少畸形果进行研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）种子处理：将种子晒8-12小时后，放到温度为40-45℃的温水中浸泡3-4小时，然后放到浸种剂中浸泡25-30分钟，捞出后用清水洗净，在26-32℃下催芽，等到有80%以上的种子露白时即可播种，所述浸种剂中各组分的重量百分比为：尿酸35-40ppm、谷维素10-15ppm、红景天提取物1-2%、硝酸钾1-2%；
（2）苗床管理：在田内施足底肥，并按80kg/亩施入土壤改良剂，土壤改良剂由以下重量份的原料混合后调节水分至50-55%堆积发酵得到：煤渣2-5、污泥稀土4-7、猪粪炭3-5、磷酸二氢铵5-8、木薯渣8-12、臭椿树叶粉4-6、绿茶残渣2-5、生物菌2-4；
（3）苗床中65%以上的幼苗出土到第一片真叶发生阶段：每天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为15-20g/株；
（4）幼苗第一片真叶生长至第二片真叶发生阶段：每天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为25-30g/株；
（5）幼苗第二片真叶生长至花蕾发生阶段：每隔3天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为65-70g/株。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述氨茶碱营养液包含以下重量百分比的成分：氨茶碱2.5-3%，钼酸铵0.1-0.2%，正磷酸铁0.06-0.08%，葡萄籽提取物0.2-0.3%，黄芩苷0.01-0.04%，聚维酮K30 0.02-0.04%，谷氨酸钾0.3-0.5%，甘露醇0.01-0.02%，重酒石酸间羟胺0.1-0.2%。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述土壤改良剂的发酵温度为45-50℃。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中育苗方法在现有技术的基础上对种子的育苗催芽、育苗土调整以及育苗各个阶段进行相应的管理，使花芽能够正常分化，壮苗率达到95%以上，育苗后所得植株节间短，抗病能力强，缩短育苗期限，避免花器木栓化，用于栽培后，所结果实畸形率低，能够有效保障种植户的经济利益。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）种子处理：将种子晒10小时后，放到温度为42℃的温水中浸泡3.5小时，然后放到浸种剂中浸泡25分钟，捞出后用清水洗净，在30℃下催芽，等到有80%以上的种子露白时即可播种，所述浸种剂中各组分的重量百分比为：尿酸38ppm、谷维素12ppm、红景天提取物2%、硝酸钾2%；
（2）苗床管理：在田内施足底肥，并按80kg/亩施入土壤改良剂，土壤改良剂由以下重量份的原料混合后调节水分至55%堆积发酵得到：煤渣3、污泥稀土6、猪粪炭4、磷酸二氢铵6、木薯渣10、臭椿树叶粉5、绿茶残渣3、生物菌4；
（3）苗床中65%以上的幼苗出土到第一片真叶发生阶段：每天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为18g/株；
（4）幼苗第一片真叶生长至第二片真叶发生阶段：每天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为30g/株；
（5）幼苗第二片真叶生长至花蕾发生阶段：每隔3天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为68g/株。
其中，所述氨茶碱营养液包含以下重量百分比的成分：氨茶碱2.8%，钼酸铵0.2%，正磷酸铁0.06%，葡萄籽提取物0.3%，黄芩苷0.03%，聚维酮K30 0.03%，谷氨酸钾0.4%，甘露醇0.01%，重酒石酸间羟胺0.2%。
为了验证本发明中的实验效果，设置对照组，对照组1中按照实施例1中方法对种子处理，其他步骤按照常规方法处理；对照组2中按照实施例1中方法对种子处理及苗床管理，其他步骤按照常规方法处理；对照组3中完全按照常规方法处理，育苗后移栽到大田种植，统计结果后的畸形率及产量：
表1
组别 产量（kg/亩） 畸形率（%）
对照组1 4880 4.76
对照组2 4970 4.39
对照组3 4850 5.15
实施例1 5210 2.36
通过表1中数据可以看出，本发明中方法制备育苗栽种后，产量在保持原有基础上略有提高，在幼苗生长期各个阶段的管理对番茄畸形率的改变起到主要作用。

Claims (3)

1.一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）种子处理：将种子晒8-12小时后，放到温度为40-45℃的温水中浸泡3-4小时，然后放到浸种剂中浸泡25-30分钟，捞出后用清水洗净，在26-32℃下催芽，等到有80%以上的种子露白时即可播种，所述浸种剂中各组分的重量百分比为：尿酸35-40ppm、谷维素10-15ppm、红景天提取物1-2%、硝酸钾1-2%；
（2）苗床管理：在田内施足底肥，并按80kg/亩施入土壤改良剂，土壤改良剂由以下重量份的原料混合后调节水分至50-55%堆积发酵得到：煤渣2-5、污泥稀土4-7、猪粪炭3-5、磷酸二氢铵5-8、木薯渣8-12、臭椿树叶粉4-6、绿茶残渣2-5、生物菌2-4；
（3）苗床中65%以上的幼苗出土到第一片真叶发生阶段：每天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为15-20g/株；
（4）幼苗第一片真叶生长至第二片真叶发生阶段：每天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为25-30g/株；
（5）幼苗第二片真叶生长至花蕾发生阶段：每隔3天用氨茶碱营养液对幼苗喷施一次，喷施量为65-70g/株。
2.如权利要求1所述一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法，其特征在于，所述氨茶碱营养液包含以下重量百分比的成分：氨茶碱2.5-3%，钼酸铵0.1-0.2%，正磷酸铁0.06-0.08%，葡萄籽提取物0.2-0.3%，黄芩苷0.01-0.04%，聚维酮K30 0.02-0.04%，谷氨酸钾0.3-0.5%，甘露醇0.01-0.02%，重酒石酸间羟胺0.1-0.2%。
3.如权利要求1所述一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法，其特征在于，所述土壤改良剂的发酵温度为45-50℃。
CN201611057341.8A 2016-11-26 2016-11-26 一种预防番茄畸形果的育苗方法 Pending CN106576766A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

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CN109776130A (zh) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-21 丹阳市陵口镇漕塘土地股份专业合作社 一种提高作物产量的肥料

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CN103798026A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-21 和县常久农业发展有限公司 一种番茄的种植方法
CN104285660A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-21 和县鑫发农业发展有限公司 一种无公害番茄的大田栽培方法
CN104798484A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2015-07-29 芜湖县能胜农业科技有限公司 一种番茄的种植方法
CN105432299A (zh) * 2015-12-04 2016-03-30 安徽省康之源农业科技有限公司 一种西红柿高产的种植方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101370384A (zh) * 2005-10-28 2009-02-18 植物冲击股份有限公司 包含咖啡因家族化合物的植物生长刺激组合物
CN103798026A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-05-21 和县常久农业发展有限公司 一种番茄的种植方法
CN104285660A (zh) * 2014-10-29 2015-01-21 和县鑫发农业发展有限公司 一种无公害番茄的大田栽培方法
CN104798484A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2015-07-29 芜湖县能胜农业科技有限公司 一种番茄的种植方法
CN105432299A (zh) * 2015-12-04 2016-03-30 安徽省康之源农业科技有限公司 一种西红柿高产的种植方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109776130A (zh) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-21 丹阳市陵口镇漕塘土地股份专业合作社 一种提高作物产量的肥料

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