CN106533096B - A kind of full superconducting magnetic gear motor and its application - Google Patents

A kind of full superconducting magnetic gear motor and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106533096B
CN106533096B CN201611037779.XA CN201611037779A CN106533096B CN 106533096 B CN106533096 B CN 106533096B CN 201611037779 A CN201611037779 A CN 201611037779A CN 106533096 B CN106533096 B CN 106533096B
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iron core
rotor iron
magnetic
outer rotor
internal rotor
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CN106533096A (en
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曲荣海
林峰
李大伟
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • H02K55/02Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
    • H02K55/04Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of magnetic gear motors, it includes the stator core being coaxially successively arranged from inside to outside, internal rotor iron core, cooled cryostat adiabatic wall and outer rotor iron core, outer rotor iron core inner wall is provided with multiple permanent magnets in the circumferential, and cooled cryostat adiabatic wall modulates rings with respect to multiple magnetic are circumferentially fixedly installed on the outer peripheral surface of permanent magnet;It is provided with excitation winding on internal rotor iron core, is provided with armature winding in stator core peripheral surface;Magnetic modulation ring can realize magnetic field modulation, the magnetic field interaction for generating magnetic field of permanent magnet and excitation winding, and then realize that outer rotor iron core drives the rotation of internal rotor iron core or internal rotor iron core to drive the rotation of outer rotor iron core, so that the armature winding in stator core generates the energy driving outer rotor iron core rotation of induced electromotive force or armature winding, energy conversion is realized.Magnetic gear motor of the invention increases torque density, avoids rotation leakage heat, improve power density and reliability by the way that magnetic gear structure is introduced full superconducting motor.

Description

A kind of full superconducting magnetic gear motor and its application
Technical field
The invention belongs to superconducting magnetic device fields, and in particular to a kind of full superconducting magnetic gear motor and its application.
Technical background
Due to the high current-carrying and zero resistance nature of superconductor, superconduction winding can be obviously improved the working characteristics of motor. Superconducting motor is the motor using superconduction winding, can be only on DC excitation winding using superconducting wire, is also possible to same When DC excitation winding with exchange on armature winding using superconducting wire.But superconducting wire can generate under the conditions of alternating electromagnetism A.C.power loss improves cooling cost, and the feasibility of superconducting motor is caused to reduce.Therefore, most of superconducting generator is only to exist Half superconducting motor of superconducting wire is applied on DC excitation winding.With the fast development of superconductor technology, occurring can be significant The filament superconducting wire or band for reducing A.C.power loss apply the full superconduction of superconductor simultaneously under the conditions of AC and DC Motor gradually attracts attention.
A kind of half superconducting motor, such as Fig. 1 are disclosed in the utility model patent that Authorization Notice No. is 202334039 U of CN Shown, the motor topology is from inside to outside successively comprising rotor back iron, cooled cryostat, superconduction excitation winding, electro-magnetic screen layer, common Armature winding and stator core.Superconduction excitation winding is fixed in cooled cryostat, rotor-support-foundation system is formed with rotor back iron, around motor Central axis rotation.Electro-magnetic screen layer is fixed on the Dewar outer wall of rotor, play the role of shield high frequency magnetic field, to prevent superconduction around Group generates excessive A.C.power loss, keeps refrigeration work consumption excessive.Armature winding is made of copper conductor, is fixed in stator slot.In electricity In machine operational process, superconduction excitation winding is passed through DC current, since its through-current capability is 150 times of copper winding, in phase Under same volume, it is capable of providing stronger air-gap field, power density is higher compared with conventional synchronous motor.
But above-mentioned half superconducting motor, since cooled cryostat adiabatic wall passes through air gap, effective air gap is longer, limits motor Power density further increases.The armature winding of half superconducting motor uses non-superconducting wire rod simultaneously, underuses superconduction material The advantage of material, and conventional motor due to technology maturation with continue to optimize, power density and operational efficiency can with it is half super Conductive machine compares.Secondly as the adiabatic wall of cooled cryostat passes through air gap, cause gas length excessive, power density still has Biggish room for promotion;Additionally, due to cooling medium to be transmitted into the superconduction excitation winding rotated with rotor, need to rotate close The piston of envelope, and rotatory sealing will lead to leakage heat, keep cooling cost higher.
In order to make full use of the advantage of superconductor, the higher full superconducting motor of superconduction degree can choose.Surpassing entirely It in conductive machine, is easier to obtain higher magnetic loading and electric load, further increases the power density and efficiency of motor.But it is complete at present There is also some technological difficulties for superconducting motor: firstly, the independent sub-cooled container of rotor will cause effective air gap into one Step increases, and limits power density;Secondly, the leakage heat of rotatory sealing still remains, the efficiency of entire electric system is reduced.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing motor, the present invention provides a kind of magnetic gear motors, are designed by the structure of optimization, Magnetic gear structure is introduced on the basis of the full superconducting motor of outer rotor, Dewar outer wall is avoided to be located at the situation in air gap, reduces air gap Length improves the power density of motor;The rotatory sealing leakage heat of motor is also avoided simultaneously, and the torque for improving motor is close Degree.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, a kind of magnetic gear motor is provided comprising coaxially successively cover from inside to outside If stator core, internal rotor iron core, cooled cryostat adiabatic wall and outer rotor iron core, wherein
The outer rotor iron core inner wall is provided with multiple permanent magnets in the circumferential, and the cooled cryostat adiabatic wall is relatively described Multiple magnetic modulation rings are circumferentially fixedly installed on the outer peripheral surface of permanent magnet;
It is provided with excitation winding on the internal rotor iron core and can be rotated synchronously with internal rotor iron core, outside the stator core Armature winding is provided in perimeter surface, and the stator core and internal rotor iron core are closed by the cooled cryostat adiabatic wall;
The magnetic modulation ring can be changed the magnetic conductivity in circumferential direction and realize magnetic field modulation, make magnetic field of permanent magnet and excitation winding The magnetic field interaction of generation, and then realize that outer rotor iron core drives the rotation of internal rotor iron core or internal rotor iron core to drive outer rotor Iron core rotation, so that the armature winding in stator core generates induced electromotive force or the energy of armature winding drives outer rotor iron Energy conversion is realized in heart rotation.
As present invention further optimization, the relatively described outer rotor iron core 8 of the cooled cryostat adiabatic wall and internal rotor The static setting of iron core.
As present invention further optimization, the armature winding and/or excitation winding use superconductor.
As present invention further optimization, the speed ratio of outer rotor iron core and internal rotor iron core is equal to excitation winding number of poles With the ratio of permanent magnet number of poles.
As present invention further optimization, the magnetic modulation ring is for the number of pole-pairs of magnetic field of permanent magnet to be adjusted to and encourage The magnetic field number of pole-pairs that magnetic winding generates is identical.
As present invention further optimization, the permanent magnet number of poles is greater than excitation winding number of poles.
As present invention further optimization, the outer rotor iron core is connect by shaft with external equipment.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that providing a kind of above-mentioned magnetic gear motor in wind-power electricity generation as wind-driven generator Application.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, have below beneficial to effect Fruit:
1) present invention in motor topology use magnetic gear structure, can non contact transmission energy, and avoid rotation leakage heat, And superconduction excitation winding therein participates in constituting magnetic gear, and the ability that superconduction winding can produce high-intensity magnetic field is utilized, strengthens The reliability of magnetic gear structure simultaneously improves torque density.
2) superconductor all can be used in the motor excitation winding in the present invention and armature winding, can greatly improve the function of motor Rate density gives full play to the advantage of superconducting wire;
3) in the electric machine structure in the present invention, using magnetic gear structure, so that motor gas-gap length is smaller, help to increase Power density.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show a kind of half superconducting motor structural schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the full superconducting magnetic gear motor topological structure of the embodiment of the present invention;
In all the appended drawings, identical appended drawing reference is used to denote the same element or structure, in which: 1- stator core, 2- armature winding, 3- excitation winding, 4- cooled cryostat adiabatic wall, 5- cooled cryostat adiabatic wall, 6- magnetic modulation ring, 7- permanent magnet, 8- outer rotor iron core.
Specific embodiment
In order to more clearly from explain technical solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to the present invention It is described in further detail, following embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation of the invention.Under in addition, Technical characteristic involved by each embodiment of the present invention described in face is as long as they do not conflict with each other It is combined with each other.
Fig. 2 show a kind of full superconducting magnetic gear motor topological diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment A kind of full superconducting magnetic gear motor, be preferably radial magnetic field formula ring structure, as shown in Fig. 2, the motor ring structure by It from inside to outside successively include stator core 1, armature winding 2, excitation winding 3, internal rotor iron core 4, cooled cryostat adiabatic wall 5, magnetic tune Ring 6, permanent magnet 7 and outer rotor iron core 8 processed.
Wherein, stator core outer peripheral surface is equipped with open slot, and armature winding 2 accommodates wherein, and internal rotor iron core 4 is coaxially set in 1 periphery of stator core is provided with open slot on internal rotor iron core 4, and excitation winding 3 is arranged in the open slot, the excitation winding 3 with 4 synchronous rotary of internal rotor iron core.
As shown in Fig. 2, 4 periphery coaxial sleeve of internal rotor iron core is equipped with cooled cryostat adiabatic wall 5, the cooled cryostat adiabatic wall 5 Peripheral surface is circumferentially spaced to be provided with multiple magnetic modulation rings 6.In the present embodiment, magnetic modulation ring 6 is by several silicon steel sheet stacks String configuration made of pressure is attached on the outer surface of cooled cryostat adiabatic wall 5, and magnetic modulator block number is preferred in the present embodiment It is 12 pieces, is circumferentially uniformly distributed, but magnetic modulator block number is not limited to this in the present invention, can be selected according to specific requirements.
As shown in Fig. 2, magnetic modulation 6 periphery of ring is also arranged with the outer rotor 8 coaxial with the cooled cryostat adiabatic wall 5, outside The circumferentially spaced fixed and arranged of 8 inner wall of rotor has multiple permanent magnets 7, and permanent magnet 7 can be with 8 synchronous rotary of outer rotor.
The full superconducting motor of the embodiment of the present invention be outer rotor, default minor structure, including two rotating parts and two it is quiet Stop point, wherein rotating part includes the part that outermost outer rotor iron core 8 and permanent magnet 7 form, and by internal rotor iron The part that the heart 4 and superconduction excitation winding 3 form.Stationary part is comprising the ferromagnetic modulation ring 6 on Dewar outer wall 5 and is located at Du The stator core 1 of watt inside and superconductive armature winding 2 are stator core 1, armature winding 2 that is, in the present embodiment electric machine structure, low Warm Dewar adiabatic wall 5 and magnetic modulation ring 6 are remain stationary.Wherein, excitation winding 4 and armature winding 2 are all made of superconductor, should Electric machine structure is enclosed in static single layer cooled cryostat, is connect with the external world without physics shaft.In addition, the outer surface of cooled cryostat On be bonded one layer of ferromagnetic modulation ring 6, which is external air gap and the rotor core structure for being bonded permanent magnet 7 outward, Permanent magnet 7 in the superconduction excitation winding 3 and modulation ring 6 and external rotor 8 together constitutes magnetic gear.
When motor operation, outer rotor iron core 8 is passed through to motor transmission machine power, with outer rotor iron core from external power supply The permanent magnet 7 of 8 movements generates the rotating excitation field of higher number of pole-pairs, changes the magnetic on circumferencial direction by ferromagnetic modulation ring 6 effect Conductance, by high number of pole-pairs magnetic field modulation be low number of pole-pairs rotating excitation field, and with the magnetic of the identical number of pole-pairs generated by excitation winding 3 Field generates the effect of power, and internal rotor iron core 4 is driven to rotate.And the rotating excitation field generated by excitation winding 3 can stator armature around Effect generates induced electromotive force in group 2, completes the conversion of mechanical energy to electromagnetic energy.
In motor operation course of the present invention, outer rotor 8 compared with low speed usually to run, and internal rotor 4 is run with higher speed, outside The speed ratio of rotor and internal rotor is equal to the ratio of excitation winding number of poles and permanent magnet number of poles.
Above-mentioned motor topology of the invention can be such that need to work at low ambient temperatures two groups of superconduction windings are placed in together In one cooled cryostat, Dewar wall is avoided across motor gas-gap, reduces effective air gap.It can be by primary shaft by turning outside Sub- iron core is to full superconducting motor transmission machine power.The rotary magnetic of higher number of pole-pairs is generated with the permanent magnet of outer rotor iron core movement , the magnetic conductivity on circumferencial direction is changed by ferromagnetic modulation ring, is low number of pole-pairs rotating excitation field by high number of pole-pairs magnetic field modulation And the effect of electromagnetic force is generated with the magnetic field of the identical number of pole-pairs of the excitation winding generation on internal rotor, drive its rotation.And by The rotating excitation field that the excitation winding generates can act on stator armature winding generates induced electromotive force, completes mechanical energy to electricity The conversion of magnetic energy.Since energy passes through the transmitting of magnetic gear physical contact, internal rotor is not necessarily to through shaft and outside Connection does not need rotation piston connection shaft while Dewar is static, there is no rotation leakage heat.
Motor of the invention uses superconductor simultaneously in excitation winding and armature winding, greatly improves electric load density While, copper loss is not present, and the superconduction winding on internal rotor and on stator is placed in the same cooled cryostat cooling, gas Dewar outer wall is not present in gap, gas length can be substantially reduced, improves magnetic loading.
Full superconducting magnetic gear motor of the invention, by introducing magnetic gear knot on the basis of outer rotor full superconducting motor Structure improves the power density for carrying out motor, avoids rotatory sealing leakage heat and makes full use of the purpose of superconductor.
Oversea wind power generation can be used as the most typical application of this technology, but invention is not limitedly applied to Oversea winds Power field.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of magnetic gear motor comprising the stator core (1) that is coaxially successively arranged from inside to outside, internal rotor iron core (4), low Warm Dewar adiabatic wall (5) and outer rotor iron core (8), wherein
Outer rotor iron core (8) inner wall is provided with multiple permanent magnets (7) in the circumferential, cooled cryostat adiabatic wall (5) phase Ring (6) are modulated to multiple magnetic are circumferentially fixedly installed on the outer peripheral surface of the permanent magnet (7);
It is provided with excitation winding (3) on the internal rotor iron core (4) and can be rotated synchronously with internal rotor iron core (4), the stator It is provided with armature winding (2) in iron core (1) peripheral surface, the peripheral coaxial and described stator core (1) of the internal rotor iron core (4) And internal rotor iron core (4) is closed by the cooled cryostat adiabatic wall (5);
Magnetic modulation ring (6) can be changed the magnetic conductivity in circumferential direction and realize magnetic field modulation, make permanent magnet (7) magnetic field and excitation around The magnetic field interaction that group (3) generates, and then realize that outer rotor iron core (8) drive internal rotor iron core (4) rotation or internal rotor iron The heart (4) drives outer rotor iron core (8) rotation, so that the armature winding (2) in stator core (1) generates induced electromotive force or electricity Energy driving outer rotor iron core (8) rotation of pivot winding, realizes energy conversion;Magnetic modulation ring (6) is used for permanent magnet (7) It is identical as the magnetic field number of pole-pairs that excitation winding (3) generate that the number of pole-pairs in magnetic field is adjusted to.
2. a kind of magnetic gear motor according to claim 1, wherein the relatively described outer rotor of cooled cryostat adiabatic wall Iron core (8) and internal rotor iron core (4) static setting.
3. a kind of magnetic gear motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the armature winding (2) and excitation winding (3) Using superconductor.
4. a kind of magnetic gear motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein outer rotor iron core (8) and internal rotor iron core (4) Speed ratio be equal to excitation winding number of poles and permanent magnet number of poles ratio.
5. a kind of magnetic gear motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the permanent magnet number of poles is greater than excitation winding pole Number.
6. a kind of magnetic gear motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer rotor iron core (8) is by shaft and outside The connection of portion's equipment.
7. a kind of magnetic gear motor described in any one of claims 1 to 6 answering as wind-driven generator in wind-power electricity generation With.
CN201611037779.XA 2016-11-21 2016-11-21 A kind of full superconducting magnetic gear motor and its application Active CN106533096B (en)

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CN109617373A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-04-12 上海交通大学 A kind of synchronous motor and starting method of based superconductive permanent magnetism mixed rotor magnet
CN112491241A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-12 江苏博淮科技有限公司 Magnetic gear with good heat dissipation performance
CN112532017A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-19 江苏博淮科技有限公司 Magnetic gear convenient to install
CN112615517A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-06 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Magnetic gear assembly and composite motor with same
CN113067421B (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-07-19 东南大学 Field modulation type outer rotor vernier motor adopting direct-current superconducting excitation and application
CN113285578B (en) * 2021-06-09 2023-06-13 东南大学 Static seal excitation single-loop superconducting magnetic gear motor and application
CN113890306A (en) * 2021-09-24 2022-01-04 华中科技大学 Superconducting magnetic transmission system

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