CN106531401B - Pulse transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

Present invention is primarily about the electronic devices of voltage conversion, it is the output voltage or output current using the primary side of the transformer of the real-time sensing rate of doing work switching of a second controller, and generate the control signal of transient response, and utilize the control signal transmission that coupling element generates second controller to the first controller of primary side, the first pulse signal for power switching is generated by the first controller, to control the shutdown or conducting of primary side winding.

Description

Pulse transformer

Technical field

Present invention is primarily about the electronic devices of voltage conversion, more precisely, being that real-time sensing is switched with the rate of doing work Transformer primary side output voltage or output current, and generate the control signal of transient response, and utilize coupling element The primary side for transmitting control signals to the transformer switched for power, to control the shutdown or conducting of primary side winding.

Background technology

In existing electric pressure converter, none is not to acquire the voltage or electric current of load-side, and utilize feedback network will The feedback signal of collected load-side feeds back to the drive component of electric pressure converter, such as typical pulse pulse width modulation mode Or pulse frequency modulated mode etc., drive component determine in electric pressure converter to cut between conducting and shutdown using feedback signal The duty ratio of the main switch changed, to which sized electric pressure converter is in the number of the output voltage of load-side.Industry has ability The usual skill in domain all knows that the drive component of electric pressure converter is used for driving main switch, but drive component can't be direct The load voltage that real-time change is captured from load-side, instead relies on feedback network to perceive load voltage, this feedback system must Delay effect so is will produce, adverse consequences is that drive component can not be kept because of the delay with the variable condition of load voltage It synchronizes to switch main switch in real time, so current output voltage value of the output to load and the virtual voltage needed for load can be caused There are deviations, this lag to bring potential unstability to output voltage between value.

Invention content

In one alternate embodiment, disclose a kind of electric pressure converter, the first side winding of one of transformer and One main switch is connected between an input voltage and a ground terminal, and the secondary side winding of the transformer is connected to load Between an output node and a ground reference that output voltage is provided；And first controller, for generating the One pulse signal drives the main switch to switch between conducting and shutdown；One second controller characterizes output voltage by one The detecting voltage and first reference voltage of size and/or characterization load current size compare, it is determined by comparison result The logic state of generated control signal；One coupling element, is connected between the first, second controller, will control The logic state of signal processed is transmitted to the first controller, and the first controller is made to judge the first arteries and veins according to the logic state of control signal Rush the logic state of signal.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, second controller first comparator inverting input input detecting voltage and In-phase input end inputs the first reference voltage；When detecting voltage less than the first reference voltage, the high level of first comparator compares As a result the rest-set flip-flop of set second controller makes the control signal that rest-set flip-flop exports be turned to high level from low level；The Timing at the time of the turn-on time generator of two controllers is turned to since low level the rising edge of high level from control signal, Timing is completed at the time of end to default turn-on time, the signal of turn-on time generator output is turned over by low level when timing is completed It goes to high level and resets rest-set flip-flop, control signal is made to be turned to low level from high level.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, one in second controller is in series between bias circuit and ground reference One, second switch, wherein the first, second switched fabric, in a common node, first switch is driven by control signal, and second Switch is driven by the inversion signal of control signal；The normal phase input end and the common node of the second comparator in first controller Between be connected with first capacitance for belonging to coupling element, the inverting input of the second comparator inputs the second reference voltage, There are one resistance for connection between second comparator normal phase input end and ground terminal, belong to second capacitance connection of coupling element Between ground terminal and ground reference.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, control signal for high level when first switch conducting and second switch turn off, bias plasma The voltage that road provides is applied at common node, and the voltage to more than the of the second comparator normal phase input end is drawn high by coupling element Two reference voltages, the second comparator export the first pulse signal of high level；First switch when signal is low level is controlled to turn off And second switch is connected, and the current potential at the common node is clamped down on ground reference, the second comparator is dragged down by coupling element The voltage of normal phase input end is low level first pulse signal to the second reference voltage, the output of the second comparator is less than.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, coupling element are pulse transformer, and control signal passes through one in second controller Coupled capacitor is transferred to one end of the primary side winding of pulse transformer, and the other end of primary side winding is connected to reference ground electricity Position；Between the one end for the primary side winding that a signal in first controller generates node and pulse transformer there are one connections The opposite other end of coupled capacitor, primary side winding is connected to ground terminal, believes with control to generate node in the signal and generate Number the first pulse signal for being consistent of logic state.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter generates in the signal and is connected with a resistance being arranged in parallel between node and ground terminal With a diode, the cathode of the diode is connected to that signal generates node and anode is then connected to ground terminal.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, the anode of rectifier diode are connected to one end of the secondary side winding of transformer, rectification The cathode of diode is connected to output node, and the opposite other end of the secondary side winding of transformer is then directly connected to reference ground electricity Position.

One end of above-mentioned electric pressure converter, the secondary side winding of transformer is directly connected to output node, transformer There are one synchronous switches for connection between the opposite other end and ground reference of secondary side winding, and synchronous switch is by by the second control The driving with the first pulse signal second pulse signal of inversion signal each other that device generates, turns off when main switch is connected The synchronous switch and the synchronous switch is connected when main switch turns off.Alternatively, still synchronous switch is made to be produced by by second controller The driving of raw second pulse signal controls in the first pulse signal (for instance in low level) turn off main switch at this time Stage, controlled by the second pulse signal (such as being also at low level) and also turned off the synchronous switch, that is, master opens It closes and synchronous switch all disconnects and enters dead time.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, a sampling holder in turn-on time generator are connected but are synchronized out in main switch The voltage value of the one end of the secondary side winding of the stage of shutdown, sampling and holding transformer being connected with synchronous switch, conducting One voltage current adapter of time generator by the voltage value of sampling be converted into electric current and in turn-on time generator One charging capacitor charges；Third switch and charging capacitor in turn-on time generator are connected in parallel on a charging section Between point and ground terminal, the positive of the control source at charge node to the third comparator in turn-on time generator is inputted It holds and inputs a third reference voltage in the inverting input of third comparator；And the rising edge triggering the by control signal One monostable flipflop of two controllers generates the clock signal of high level, and the clock signal is in addition to the rising in control signal Along at the time of to be low level in remaining time except high level, to by clock signal control signal rising edge Moment connects third switch to charging capacitor spark；Charging capacitor proceeds by the meter of charge period after spark When, until the voltage of charge node is more than third reference voltage and the comparison result of third comparator is caused to be turned to height by low level Just terminate when level meter, the high level comparison result triggering rest-set flip-flop of third comparator resets, the period conduct of the timing Connect the default turn-on time of main switch.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, when input voltage, which tends to increase, causes the voltage value of sampling to increase therewith, when presetting conducting Between tend to reduce；Or input voltage tends to reduce the voltage value for leading to sampling when reducing therewith, default turn-on time tends to increase.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, third switch and charging capacitor in turn-on time generator are connected in one in parallel and fill Between electrical nodes and ground terminal, by the control source at charge node to the positive of the third comparator in turn-on time generator Input terminal simultaneously inputs third reference voltage in inverting input；Turn-on time generator includes a fixed current source and multiple attached Add current source for charging for charging capacitor, is all connected between the current output terminal and charge node of each additional current sources There are one electronic switches；High level is generated by a monostable flipflop in the rising edge triggering second controller of control signal Clock signal, the clock signal is in addition to for high level with remaining external time being low at the time of controlling the rising edge of signal Level switchs to connect third in the rising edge of control signal by clock signal to charging capacitor spark；Charging capacitor The timing of charge period is proceeded by after spark, until the voltage of charge node is more than third reference voltage and leads to third The comparison result of comparator is turned to high level timing by low level just to be terminated, the high level comparison result triggering of third comparator Rest-set flip-flop resets, and the period of the timing is as the default turn-on time for connecting main switch.

When detecting voltage fluctuation, it is low to be set in the initial time of the preset period of time detecting voltage for above-mentioned electric pressure converter In the first reference voltage, and by making detecting voltage exist after one or more switch periods of the first pulse signal driving main switch It is modulated at the end of preset period of time more than the first reference voltage；The respective frequency of one or more clock signals in preset period of time Rate value by occur priority time sequencing, by turn-on time generator a frequency comparator respectively with upper frequency critical value, Lower frequency critical value is compared, and one of turn-on time generator is made when any one frequency values is more than upper frequency critical value The binary system initial count value of counter setting subtracts 1, or makes meter when any one frequency values is less than lower frequency critical value The initial count value of number device setting adds 1, and a total count value is calculated in counter after all frequency values are completeer；Tale Value defines total count value when being more than the upper critical count value of counter setting and is less than meter equal to upper critical count value or total count value Total count value, which is defined, when the lower critical count value of number device setting is equal to lower critical count value, it is each in binary total count value A high level or low level symbol of characterizing accordingly is used for turning on and off an electronic switch.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, in two preset period of time of arbitrary neighborhood, the total in previous preset time period Numerical value is more than initial count value, make the quantity of the electronic switch being switched in the latter preset time period than it is previous default when Between the quantity of electronic switch that is switched in section it is more, then the default turn-on time in the latter preset time period is less than previous pre- If the default turn-on time in the period；Or the total count value in previous preset time period is less than initial count value, makes the latter The quantity for the electronic switch being switched in preset time period is than the number for the electronic switch being switched in previous preset time period Amount is few, then the default turn-on time in the latter preset time period is more than the default turn-on time in previous preset period of time；Or Total count value in previous preset time period is equal to initial count value, makes the electronic cutting being switched in the latter preset time period The quantity for the electronic switch being switched in the quantity of pass and previous preset time period is equal, then in the latter preset time period Default turn-on time is equal to the default turn-on time in previous preset period of time.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, the transformer further include one with secondary side winding around to identical auxiliary winding, it is auxiliary Diode there are one connecting is helped between one end of winding and one end of an auxiliary capacitor, and auxiliary winding and auxiliary capacitor are respective The other end is connected to ground terminal, when secondary side winding have electric current by when its diode forward between auxiliary capacitor be connected simultaneously And the electric current for flowing through auxiliary winding charges to the auxiliary capacitor, and supply voltage is provided for the first controller by auxiliary capacitor.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, there are one junction field effect transistors for the electrifying startup module tool in the first controller Pipe and a control switch, and control switch is connected between the control terminal of junction field effect transistor and ground terminal, and control is opened It closes being to turn on when the voltage of auxiliary capacitor is not up to a startup voltage level but is to close reaching the when of starting voltage level Disconnected；Start the power up phase of incoming transport voltage in the electric pressure converter, after alternating voltage is via a rectifier circuit rectifies It is input to the drain electrode of the junction field effect transistor, the electric current flowed out from junction field effect transistor source electrode is made to pass through two poles Pipe is that the auxiliary capacitor charges, until the voltage of auxiliary capacitor, which reaches, starts voltage level to complete electrifying startup program, is powered on Control switch is turned off after the completion of startup program and is charged from auxiliary winding to the auxiliary capacitor in the stage of auxiliary winding conducting.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, including divider, detecting voltage are that divider captures output voltage in output node Partial pressure value and the size for characterizing output voltage.Including sensing resistance, sensing resistance is with load in series in output node and reference Between ground potential, detecting voltage is the size for sensing the pressure drop at resistance both ends and characterizing the load current for flowing through load.

Above-mentioned electric pressure converter, including a divider, by the divider in output node to the defeated of ripple Go out voltage and captures a partial pressure value as feedback voltage；Further include a sensing resistance, sensing resistance is being exported with load in series Between node and ground reference, by the pressure drop at sensing resistance both ends as the sensing voltage for characterizing load current size； And further include filter, amplifier and adder, filter is used to filter out the flip-flop in feedback voltage but retains exchange The voltage value of ingredient, for amplifier for amplifying sensing voltage, the voltage value and amplifier of the category alternating component of filter output are defeated The amplification voltage value of the sensing voltage gone out is used as the detecting voltage after being added by adder.

In one alternate embodiment, a kind of pulse transformer is disclosed, including one carries the one group of side extended in parallel First magnetic core framework of the U-shaped of arm, and include the second magnetic core framework of a bar shaped, in one for installing pulse transformer Printed circuit plate thickness and adjacent first, second through-hole is provided through on a printed circuit board, from printed circuit board First side by one group of lateral arm portion of the first magnetic core framework not Cha Ru first through hole and the second through-hole, and one group of side arm portion is respectively Front end face be directly pressed on a surface of the second magnetic core framework in the second side of printed circuit board.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer is provided with the of planarization in the first side surface of printed circuit board or the second side surface One, the second spiral coil, a series of ceoncentrically wound coils in the first spiral coil arrange around first through hole, the second spiral A series of ceoncentrically wound coils in shape coil are arranged around the second through-hole.On printed circuit board be located at the first, second through-hole it Between region setting there are one through printed circuit plate thickness strip gap, the first, second through-hole is using the gap in Heart line of symmetry and the both sides for being symmetrically distributed in the gap.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer, the first, second spiral coil are rendered as rectangular or circular spiral coil.Further include The insulating cement of coating on a printed circuit is used for the first, second magnetic core framework adherency fixing on a printed circuit.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer is internally provided with the first spiral coil of multilayer and printed circuit board in printed circuit board The alignment of first spiral coil of the first side surface or the second side surface overlaps, and is set to multiple the first of printed circuit intralamellar part Spiral coil is arranged around first through hole；The second end of arbitrary first spiral coil on this and adjacent next The first end of first spiral coil interconnects, and thereby the first all spiral coils is connected, in multiple first spiral shells of concatenation The first end for revolving first first spiral coil in shape coil is used as one of both equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end, end The second end of one the first spiral coil of tail is used as the other of both equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end.For example, In two neighbouring the first spiral coils, first spiral coil and adjacent next first spiral shell arbitrarily on this It is provided between rotation shape coil and belongs to the insulating layer of circuit board and be spaced apart them.Further for example, being located at the first side of printed circuit board The first end of first first spiral coil on surface be used as multiple first spiral coil series connection structures equivalent Same Name of Ends (or Different name end), and positioned at the second side surface of printed circuit board end first spiral coil second end be used as it is more The equivalent different name end (or Same Name of Ends) of a first spiral coil series connection structure.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer is internally provided with the second spiral coil of multilayer and printed circuit board in printed circuit board The alignment of second spiral coil of the first side surface or the second side surface overlaps, and is set to multiple the second of printed circuit intralamellar part Spiral coil is arranged around the second through-hole；The second end of arbitrary second spiral coil on this and adjacent next The first end of second spiral coil interconnects, and thereby the second all spiral coils is connected, in multiple second spiral shells of concatenation The first end for revolving first second spiral coil in shape coil is used as one of both equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end, end The second end of one the second spiral coil of tail is used as the other of both equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end.For example, First end positioned at first second spiral coil of the first side surface of printed circuit board is used as multiple second spiral coil strings The equivalent Same Name of Ends (or different name end) of binding structure, and end positioned at the second side surface of printed circuit board the first spiral wire The second end of circle is used as the equivalent different name end (or Same Name of Ends) of multiple second spiral coil series connection structures.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer is also equipped with the main transformer of power stage, the primary side of main transformer on printed circuit board Winding receives input voltage and provides output voltage, and the first side winding of main transformer and one in secondary side winding for load A main switch series connection；One chip installation with the first controller on a printed circuit, is used to generate the first pulse signal To drive main switch to switch between conducting and shutdown；One chip with second controller is installed on a printed circuit, The detecting voltage and first reference voltage of one characterization output voltage size and/or characterization load current size are compared, The logic state of its generated control signal is determined by comparison result；Wherein the pulse transformer will control signal Logic state is transmitted to the first controller, and the first controller is made to judge the first pulse signal according to the logic state of control signal Logic state thereby determines main switch on or off.

In one alternate embodiment, a kind of pulse transformer is disclosed, including one carries the one group of side extended in parallel First magnetic core framework of the U-shaped of arm, and include the second magnetic core framework of a bar shaped, in one for installing pulse transformer Printed circuit plate thickness and adjacent first, second through-hole is provided through on a printed circuit board；And it carries in first First chip in heart hole and the second chip with the second centre bore, the first, second chip are installed on a printed circuit, and first Centre bore and first through hole alignment overlap and the second centre bore and the second through-hole alignment overlap；It will from the first side of printed circuit board One of one group of side arm portion of first magnetic core framework is inserted into the first centre bore, first through hole and another one and is inserted into the simultaneously simultaneously Two centre bores, the second through-hole, and one group of respective front end face in side arm portion is directly pressed in the second side of printed circuit board On one surface of the second magnetic core framework.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer, the first chip include：First substrate is provided on a surface of the first substrate One helical form connects up：Two pins in the first substrate proximity are set, and the both ends of the first helical form wiring are right respectively by lead It should be connected on two pins；One the first plastic-sealed body envelopes the first substrate, the first helical form cloth, lead, wherein pin A part for accepting lead is enveloped by the first plastic-sealed body, but another part of pin extends to the external application of the first plastic-sealed body It is welded in the pad on printed circuit board；First centre bore runs through the first plastic-sealed body and the first substrate, and makes the first spiral shell A series of form concentric spirals shape wiring grommets in rotation shape wiring are arranged around the first centre bore.If being additionally provided with the first substrate of carrying First substrate, then two pins of first substrate and the first chip are arranged to mutually adjacent, and first substrate is also by first Plastic-sealed body coats and the first centre bore also also extends through first substrate.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer is provided with the first helical form of multilayer and connects up and between them on the first substrate Alignment overlaps up and down mutually, and insulating medium layer is provided between the wiring of neighbouring two the first helical forms, any one the A series of form concentric spirals shape wiring grommets in the wiring of one helical form are arranged around the first centre bore；Arbitrarily first spiral on this The first end interconnection of the second end of shape wiring and adjacent next first helical form wiring, thereby by the first all helical form cloth Line is connected, in multiple first helical forms wiring of concatenation the first end of first first helical form wiring be used as equivalent Same Name of Ends or The second end at one of both equivalent different name ends, first helical form wiring at end is used as equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different The other of both name ends.For example, in neighbouring two the first helical forms wiring, arbitrary first spiral on this Insulating medium layer is provided between shape wiring and adjacent next first helical form wiring to be spaced apart them.Further for example, substrate On positioned at top first helical form connect up first end be used as multiple first helical forms connect up series connection structure etc. Second end that first helical form for being located at the bottom on Same Name of Ends (or different name end) and substrate connects up is imitated as multiple the One helical form connects up the equivalent different name end (or Same Name of Ends) of series connection structure.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer, the second chip include：Second substrate is provided on a surface of the second substrate Two helical forms connect up：Two pins in the second substrate proximity are set, and the both ends of the second helical form wiring are right respectively by lead It should be connected on two pins；One the second plastic-sealed body envelopes the second substrate, the second helical form cloth, lead, wherein pin A part for accepting lead is enveloped by the second plastic-sealed body, but another part of pin extends to the external application of the second plastic-sealed body It is welded in the pad on printed circuit board；Second centre bore runs through the second plastic-sealed body and the second substrate, and makes the second spiral shell A series of form concentric spirals shape wiring grommets in rotation shape wiring are arranged around the second centre bore.If being additionally provided with the second substrate of carrying Second substrate, then two pins of second substrate and the second chip are arranged to mutually adjacent, and second substrate is also by second Plastic-sealed body coats and second centre bore also also extends through second substrate.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer, be provided on the second substrate the second helical form of multilayer wiring and they between Alignment overlaps up and down, is provided with insulating medium layer between neighbouring two the second helical form wirings, any one second spiral shell A series of form concentric spirals shape wiring grommets in rotation shape wiring are arranged around the second centre bore；An arbitrarily second helical form cloth on this The first end interconnection of the second end of line and adjacent next second helical form wiring, thereby connects up string by the second all helical forms Connection, the first end of first second helical form wiring is used as equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent in multiple second helical forms wiring of concatenation The second end at one of both different name ends, second helical form wiring at end is used as equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end The other of the two.For example, in neighbouring two the second helical forms wiring, an arbitrary second helical form cloth on this Insulating medium layer is provided between line and adjacent next second helical form wiring to be spaced apart them.Further for example, on substrate The first end connected up positioned at second helical form of top is used as multiple first helical forms and connects up the equivalent same of series connection structure The second end that second helical form positioned at the bottom on name end (or different name end) and substrate connects up is used as multiple second spiral shells Revolve the equivalent different name end (or Same Name of Ends) of shape wiring series connection structure.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer further includes that the insulating cement of coating on a printed circuit is used for the first, second magnetic core Skeleton adherency fixing is on a printed circuit.It is connected to each other by one or more interconnecting pieces between first chip and the second chip And them is made to become coplanar integral structure, so that the first chip and the second chip synchronization are installed on printed circuit board.

In one alternate embodiment, a kind of pulse transformer, including the first and second chips, the first chip tool are disclosed There are one the first magnetic core framework of U-shaped and with the first plastic-sealed body that the first magnetic core framework is given to plastic packaging, the second chip has Second magnetic core framework of one U-shaped and with the second plastic-sealed body that the second magnetic core framework is given to plastic packaging；First and second magnetic cores Skeleton respectively carries one group of side arm portion extending in parallel, and one group of respective front end face in side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework is from the The lateral margin face of one plastic-sealed body exposes, and one group of respective front end face in side arm portion of the second magnetic core framework is from the second plastic packaging The lateral margin face of body exposes, and makes the lateral margin face in the side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework of exposing of the first plastic-sealed body towards second The lateral margin face in the side arm portion of the second magnetic core framework of exposing of plastic-sealed body, and any one side arm portion in the first magnetic core framework is set Front end face correspond to and the second magnetic core framework in a side arm portion front end face alignment.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer, connection is there are one stage casing part between one group of side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework, and first The first coil winding that chip has is wrapped on the stage casing part of the first magnetic core framework, and the both ends of first coil winding, which correspond to, to be divided It is not connected on two pins of the first chip, the part that pin is used to accept first coil winding is coated by the first plastic-sealed body Inside, another part of pin extends to except the first plastic-sealed body for carrying out butt welding with the pad on printed circuit board.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer, connection is there are one stage casing part between one group of side arm portion of the second magnetic core framework, and second The second coil winding that chip has is wrapped on the stage casing part of the second magnetic core framework, and the both ends of second coil winding, which correspond to, to be divided It is not connected on two pins of the second chip, the part that pin is used to accept second coil winding is coated by the second plastic-sealed body Inside, another part of pin extends to except the second plastic-sealed body for carrying out butt welding with the pad on printed circuit board.

When the first and second chips are mounted side by side on printed circuit board, the first plastic packaging is arranged in above-mentioned pulse transformer Body and the second plastic-sealed body are spaced apart, before the side arm portion in the front end face and the second magnetic core framework in the side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework End face is aligned one to one in a spaced apart manner.

When the first and second chips are mounted side by side on printed circuit board, the first plastic packaging is arranged in above-mentioned pulse transformer Body and the second plastic-sealed body fit closely, and make the lateral margin face and in the side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework of exposing of the first plastic-sealed body The lateral margin face in the side arm portion of the second magnetic core framework of exposing of two plastic-sealed bodies is seamless applying, the front end in the side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework The front end face in the side arm portion in face and the second magnetic core framework is aligned one to one in such a way that mutual low pressure is lived.

Above-mentioned pulse transformer, the first plastic-sealed body and the second plastic-sealed body are spaced apart and are filled in gap between them Insulating materials, the front end face in the side arm portion in the front end face and the second magnetic core framework in the side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework is to be insulated Material mode spaced apart is aligned one to one.

Description of the drawings

Read it is described further below and with reference to the following drawings after, feature and advantage of the invention will be evident：

Fig. 1 be the present invention relates to electric pressure converter basic framework.

Fig. 2 is the feedback network that electric pressure converter carries out feedback using TL431.

Fig. 3~4 are the schematic diagrames that capacitance and pulse transformer is respectively adopted in coupling element.

Fig. 5 is the starting module that the first driver of primary side carries.

Fig. 6 A are the second controller capacity couplers of primary side to the mode of the first driver transmission of control signals.

Fig. 6 B are based on Fig. 6 A as output voltage or size of current change and generate the first, second pulse signal.

Fig. 6 C are to realize the adjustable pattern of the turn-on time of main switch in second controller based on Fig. 6 A.

Fig. 6 D are the oscillograms that turn-on time is adjusted based on Fig. 6 C.

Fig. 7 A are the second controller pulse transformers of primary side to the mode of the first driver transmission of control signals.

Fig. 7 B are based on Fig. 7 A as output voltage or size of current change and generate the first, second pulse signal.

Fig. 7 C be after the output result of the filter of introducing and amplifier is superimposed based on Fig. 7 A again compared with reference voltage.

Fig. 8 is the synchronous switch that primary side is replaced with the rectifier diode of primary side.

Fig. 9 is the mode for the turn-on time that main switch is adjusted when load lightens.

Figure 10 is when clamping down on the main switch that the latter control signal is determined by previous control signal based on Fig. 9 to be connected Between.

Figure 11 A~11B are structure of the pulse transformer in its first embodiment.

Figure 12 A~12E are structure of the pulse transformer in its second embodiment.

Figure 13 A~13C are structure of the pulse transformer in its 3rd embodiment.

Specific implementation mode

Below in conjunction with each embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is clearly completely illustrated, but described reality It is the present invention embodiment not all with the embodiment being described herein used in explanation to apply example only, is based on such embodiment, this field The scheme that is obtained without making creative work of technical staff belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, come so that exchange turns the flyback FLYBACK electric pressure converters (Voltage Converter) of direct current as an example The spirit of the present invention is illustrated, electric pressure converter includes the power stage transformer T, transformer T that are converted for voltage main With primary side or first side winding L_PWith with primary side or secondary side winding L_S, primary side winding L_PFirst end such as Same Name of Ends is in input node N₁₀Place receives input voltage V_INAnd primary side winding L_PIf opposite second end such as different name end with ground connection There are one main switch Q1 for connection between holding GND.Basic working mechanism is embodied in, main switch Q1 by primary side controller or The driving of first controller 104 and switch between turn-on and turn-off, when main switch Q1 is connected, the electric current of primary side flows through just Grade side winding L_PWith main switch Q1 and flow to ground terminal GND, but this stage primary side winding L_SThere is no electric current to flow through, and just Grade side winding L_PStart to store energy；Once main switch Q1 is turned off, the electric current of primary side stops, and the polarity of all windings is all Reversely, and transformer T starts to transfer energy to primary side winding L_SSo that primary side winding L_SIn main switch Q1 shutdowns Stage provides operating voltage and electric current to load 18, and in output node N₂₀Place is to output capacitance C_OUTCharging and storage charge, Primary side winding L_SThere is no electric current to flow through output capacitance C when directly can not provide operating current to load 18_OUTIt can continue to negative It carries 18 and operating voltage is provided.Transformer T also has there are one auxiliary winding L in some embodiments_AUX, auxiliary winding L_AUXCoil Around to primary side winding L_SAround to identical, that is to say, that once main switch Q1 is turned off, generation flows through auxiliary winding L_AUX Electric current substantially can be to a capacitance C_AUXCarry out charging and as the working voltage source of the first driver 104.

Referring to Fig. 1, it includes the diode D11 of diagram to utilize 101 rectification alternating current of rectifier, bridge rectifier 101 in advance To four diodes such as D14.The sinusoidal voltage of conventional alternating current is inputted typically in a pair of of input line namely busbar 12,14 V_AC, bridge rectifier 101 makes full use of this two part of the positive half cycle of original alternating current sinusoidal waveform, negative half period, and alternating current is complete Whole sinusoidal waveform is converted into same polarity to export.As sinusoidal voltage V_ACAll-wave by bridge rectifier 101 is whole It after stream, is rectified and is converted into the pulsating volage with alternating component, in order to further decrease the ripple of pulsating volage, alternating current quilt Also further the ripple of rectified voltage is filtered out using a CLC mode filter and obtain input voltage V after rectification_IN.In Fig. 1 In it is observed that CLC mode filters inductance L₁One end be connected to the diode D of rectifier 101₁₁、D₁₃Respective cathode, Inductance L₁Opposite other end in node N₁₀It is coupled to primary side winding L in place_PFirst end, an and capacitance of CLC filters C₁₁It is connected to inductance L₁One end and ground terminal GND between, another capacitance C of CLC filters₁₂It is connected to inductance L₁It is another Between end and ground terminal GND.The diode D of bridge rectifier 101₁₂、D₁₄Respective anode is connected to ground terminal GND, wherein female Line 12 is connected to diode D₁₁Anode and D₁₂Cathode and busbar 14 be connected to diode D₁₃Anode and D₁₄Cathode.

Referring to Fig. 1, electric pressure converter further includes and primary side winding L_PA RCD clamp circuit or shutdown buffering in parallel Circuit 103.Capacitance and resistance that buffer circuit 103 includes parallel with one another are turned off, the rwo respective one end is connected to node N₁₀And their own other end is connected to the cathode of a diode in shutdown buffer circuit 103, the anode of the diode Then it is connected to primary side winding L_PSecond end.The effect of shutdown buffer circuit 103 is limitation main switch Q1 high frequencies when off The superposition of peak voltage and secondary coil reflected voltage caused by the energy of transformer leakage inductance, superimposed voltage generate opportunity be During main switch Q1 turns to shutdown by saturation state, the energy in leakage inductance can pass through the diode of shutdown buffer circuit 103 To its capacitor charging, and the voltage on the capacitance may be flushed to the superposition value of counter electromotive force and leakage inductance voltage, the effect of capacitance It is then to fall the energy absorption of the part.In primary side winding L_PConducting phase is again introduced by cut-off state with main switch Q1 When, the energy turned off on the capacitance of buffer circuit 103 is discharged through turning off the resistance of buffer circuit 103, until the electricity on capacitance Pressure reaches the counter electromotive force before next main switch Q1 shutdowns.

Referring to Fig. 1, primary side winding L_SFirst end such as different name end be connected to output node N₂₀And primary side winding L_S's The first end of a synchronous switch Q2, and the second end connection of synchronous switch Q2 are connected to if opposite second end such as Same Name of Ends To ground reference VSS.Output capacitance C_OUTIt is connected to output node N₂₀Between ground reference VSS, in output node N₂₀ Place can be that load 18 provides output voltage V_OOperating voltage as load 18.It should be noted that in limit switch Q1, Q2 One is connected another one and is had to be off, as the main switch Q1 of primary side is closed in the synchronous switch Q2 for connecting demands primary side Disconnected, vice versa, and the main switch Q1 of primary side is switched in the synchronous switch Q2 of the demands primary side of shutdown.Main switch Q1 The first, second end and a control terminal are respectively all had with synchronous switch Q2, they are as electronic switch, by being applied to control terminal Signal high low logic level determine first end and second end between be conducting or disconnection.Electric pressure converter just Normal working stage, the first pulse signal S of the first controller 104 generation of primary side₁For drive main switch Q1 shutdown and Switch between conducting state, the second pulse signal S of the generation of second controller 105 of primary side₂For driving synchronous switch Q2 Switch between switching off and on state.In addition in synchronous switch Q2 by the second pulse signal generated by second controller 105 S₂The driving stage, there is also dead time (dead time) between main switch Q1 and synchronous switch Q2, so may also send out Life is in the first pulse signal S₁Control stage the second pulse signal S of main switch Q1 shutdowns₂Control is turned off synchronous switch Q2 The case where.

Referring to Fig. 1, in addition to primary side winding L_SOutside, an auxiliary winding L being additionally arranged_AUXFirst end such as different name end It is connected to a diode D_AUXAnode, diode D_AUXCathode be correspondingly connected with capacitance C_AUXOne end, and the capacitance C_AUXThe other end be connected to ground terminal GND and auxiliary winding L_AUXOpposite second end such as Same Name of Ends be connected to ground terminal GND.When main switch Q1 is connected, primary side winding L_SWith auxiliary winding L_AUXTheir different name end with respect to Same Name of Ends be it is negative and No current circulates, output capacitance C_OUTGive load 18 power supply.Conversely, when main switch Q1 is turned off, primary side winding L_SWith auxiliary around Group L_AUXThe pole reversal, their own different name end is to have just and current flowing, primary side winding L with respect to Same Name of Ends_P's Energy is transmitted to primary side winding L_SWith auxiliary winding L_AUX, in other words, the not only primary side winding L when main switch Q1 is turned off_STo 18 offer load current of load returns output capacitance C_OUTCharging, auxiliary winding L_AUXAlso the auxiliary capacitor C for serving as power supply is returned_AUX Charging.In Fig. 1, capacitance C_AUXThe voltage V that one end is kept_CCSupply voltage i.e. as the first controller 104.Capacitance C_YIt is to connect Primary side ground GND and primary side are connected to reference to the safe capacitance between ground potential VSS, can filter out primary side and primary side around The noise voltage that distribution capacity between group generates, or say that filtering out the common mode that coupled capacitor generates between primary side and primary side winding does It disturbs.

Referring to Fig. 1, the 105 real time acquisition node N of second controller of primary side₂₀Locate output voltage V_OChanging condition or reality When sensing flow through load 18 load current I_O(i.e. output current) changing condition, and control signal SQ is thereby generated, and it is primary First controller 104 of side needs the state using the high low logic level of control signal SQ further to generate the first arteries and veins all the way Signal S1 is rushed, and accordingly by the first pulse signal S₁Determine that main switch Q1 is to need to be connected or need to turn off.Because second Controller 105 generates control signal SQ relative to voltage V_OOr electric current I_OVariation be almost transient response, first controller 104 generate variation of the first pulse signal S1 summary responses in control signal SQ, then it is also real that the first pulse signal S1, which is equivalent to, When floating voltage V_OOr electric current I_OVariation.It is how to generate a control signal SQ, Yi Ji as second controller 105 It is how using coupling element 106 to transmit the contents such as information follow-up to interact between two controllers 105, the first controller 104 Later in will be described in detail.

Referring to Fig. 2, in TL431 feedback networks, resistance R₁And R₂To output voltage V_OPartial pressure sampling, resistance R₃As ring Road Gain tuning, capacitance C₁And C₂It is compensating electric capacity and resistance R₅It is compensation resistance.Substantially operation principle is：Output voltage V_O When raising, three ends may be programmed the control terminal of shunt regulator diode and (be equivalent to the reversed of voltage error amplifier in TL431 Input terminal) due to having input resistance R₁And R₂Partial pressure value, so also with output voltage V_ORise and increase, but three ends can Programming the voltage of the cathode (output end for being equivalent to voltage error amplifier) of shunt regulator diode can decline, and cause to flow through light The cathode and resistance R of shunt regulator diode are connected in coupler 17₃Between light-emitting component primary current I_DIncrease, even Also increase therewith with the output current flowed through in the transistor of the reception light intensity of the other side in photo-coupler 17, so primary side The duty ratio that the voltage of the feedback port COMP of controller 16 declines to promote to control the pulse signal of main switch Q1 reduces, and comes Realize output voltage V_OReduction.Vice versa, as output voltage V_OWhen reduction, adjustment process is similar but each corresponding The trend of responsive state is on the contrary, the duty ratio of the final pulse signal for promoting to control main switch Q1 increases, to realize output voltage V_OLifting.Resistance R₄Effect be that an electric current is additionally injected to TL431, avoid TL431 because Injection Current is too small cannot be just Often work, if resistance value R₃It is appropriate to choose resistance value then resistance R₄It can be omitted.The feedback network of Fig. 2 must reserve enough increasings It benefit and phase margin and ensures that the stability of whole system, such as open-loop gain at least reserve 45 ° of phase margin, usually permits Perhaps range is 45 ° to 75 °.It is clear that greatest problem existing for this compensating form is control mode complexity and postpones Effect clearly, the case where primary side controller 16 can not detect primary side in real time, and the present invention then advocate to abandon it is this anti- Present network.

Referring to Fig. 3, the coupling element 106 in Fig. 1 specifically uses coupled capacitor, referring to Fig. 4, the coupling element in Fig. 1 106 specifically use pulse transformer.In addition to this, other piezoelectric elements or optical coupling element etc. also are suitable as coupling Element 106, as long as can be in primary side controller or the first controller 104 and secondary side controller or second controller Interaction data information between 105.

Referring to Fig. 5, there are one safe capacitance C for connection between input line 12,14_X, can be used to that differential mode type is inhibited to interfere and filter Except high frequency spurs signal, in the economization schematic diagram, an input capacitance C_INIt is connected between input node and ground terminal GND, Input to the alternating voltage V of one group of input line 12,14_ACBy after 101 rectification of bridge rectifier described above again by inputting Capacitance C_INIt is filtered, obtains input voltage V_IN.Electric pressure converter is by input voltage V_INBy power stage voltage conversion after On one group of output line 22,24 output voltage V is provided to load_O.A rectification circuit is additionally provided in the present invention to be connected to In input line 12,14, a rectifier diode D of rectification circuit₂₁Anode be connected in input line 12, rectification circuit it is another A rectifier diode D₂₂Anode be then connected in input line 14.In addition diode D₂₁And D₂₂Respective cathode interconnects and all connects It is connected to the drain electrode end for a high voltage startup element JFET for belonging to the first controller 104, it can also be in the drain electrode end of JFET and two Pole pipe D₂₁And D₂₂A current-limiting resistance R as shown in Figure 1 is connected between respective cathode₂₁, junction field effect transistor JFET's Source terminal is connected to a diode D₃₁Anode, diode D₃₁Cathode be connected to the auxiliary mentioned above as power supply Capacitance C_AUXUnearthed one end, and connection is there are one current-limiting resistance R between the grid control terminal and source terminal of JFET₃₁, and There are one control switch SW for connection between the grid and ground terminal GND of JFET₃₁, control switch SW₃₁First end be connected to JFET Grid and second end is connected to ground terminal GND.When input line 12,14 plugs alternating current and incoming transport electricity, it is applied to control Switch SW₃₁Grid on switching signal CTRL start drive control switch SW₃₁Into conducting state, so control switch SW₃₁'s Grid can be connected to ground potential GND and connect the JFET of negative critical voltage, therefore the electric current generated flows to source electrode from the drain electrode of JFET Pass through diode D₃₁To capacitance C_AUXUnearthed one end charging.Resistance R₃₁The forward voltage drop at both ends can rise, but JFET grid Pole declines to the voltage between source electrode, and big date of the voltage between final JFET source electrodes and grid is equilibrated at the pinch-off voltage of a JFET The voltage value of (Pinch off) is equivalent to and is equal to the negative of this pinch off value by the actual pressure drop of JFET grid Gs to source S direction Number.When JFET is to capacitance C_AUXVoltage V of the charging up to its storage_CCRising reaches when starting voltage level, and one does not illustrate Drive control module is triggered into working condition, and drive control module makes main switch for generating inceptive impulse signal Q1 is switched between turn-on and turn-off and started to work by inceptive impulse signal driving, and so far then electric pressure converter is completed to start Start-Up programs.After startup program terminates, by auxiliary winding L_AUXBy the diode D for being connected to its first end_AUX To capacitance C_AUXIt charges.In addition, though Fig. 1 is not illustrated, it should be appreciated that can also be in auxiliary winding L_AUXFirst A divider is connected between end and ground terminal GND, and the partial pressure that divider samples is inputed into the first controller 104, thus the One controller 104 implements current over-zero (ZCD) detection of primary side winding either to the defeated of primary side using the divider Go out voltage and carries out over-pressed detection.And such as drain electrode of the first end of main switch Q1 is connected to primary side winding L_PA second end, Inductive reactance R there are one being also connected between the second end such as source electrode and ground terminal GND of main switch Q1_S, flow through primary side winding L_P's Current value is multiplied by inductive reactance R_SResistance value can obtain indicate flow through primary side size of current voltage V_SIf should Voltage V_SInput to the first controller 104, the first controller 104 is by this voltage V_SIt is limited to a preset limitation voltage V_LIMITIn range, so that it may be monitored with the electric current to primary side and realize overcurrent protection.

Referring to Fig. 1, after completing startup program and main switch Q1 made to switch between turn-on and turn-off for the first time, once when master opens It closes Q1 to be turned off, primary side winding L_SFirst end, that is, different name end polarity be just, then in primary side winding L_SFirst end capture Voltage can open the second controller 105 of primary side as voltage ST is started.Second controller 105 monitors primary side in real time Output voltage V_OThe electric current I of load 18 is flowed through with real-time monitoring_O, specific mode is for example, using by being connected on output node N₂₀Resistance R between the ground reference VSS of primary side_D1And R_D2The divider of composition come a partial pressure value obtaining, this Partial pressure value substantially results from resistance R_D1And R_D2Node at the two interconnection and as a feedback voltage V_FBFeed back to the second control Device 105 processed.And in output node N₂₀Load 18 and a sensing electricity are arranged in series between the ground reference VSS of primary side Hinder R_C, then the electric current I of load 18 is flowed through_OSensing resistance R can be used_COn sensing pressure drop V_CSDivided by sensing resistance R_CResistance value come It indicates, in other words, sensing pressure drop V_CSIt can be used to characterize and flow through load 18 and sensing resistance R_CLoad current value size.

Referring to Fig. 6 A, the members of the first controller 104 and second controller 105 are illustrated, it is mentioned above to reach By sensing pressure drop V_CSAnd feedback voltage V_FBVariation come real-time control main switch Q1 on or off purpose.First control Device 104 and second controller 105 processed carry out the interaction of data by coupling element 106, and coupling element 106 includes two coupling electricity Hold C₂₁And C₂₂, the working mechanism of the first, second controller 104,105 is discussed below.Statement in advance, 104 He of the first controller Second controller 105 is only used for the spirit of the explanation present invention in the following contents as the topological structure of example, such Embodiment is there are many variant of equal value, any based on such embodiment and without making creative work institute The scheme of acquisition belongs to protection scope of the present invention.

In second controller 105, there are one first switch SW for tool₄₁With a second switch SW₄₂, each wraps First end and second end and control terminal are included, as electronic switch, the high low logic state for the signal that control terminal is applied determines It is being off between first end and second end or conducting.The rwo is connected on bias circuit 105d and with reference to ground potential VSS Between, such as first switch SW₄₁First end be connected to bias circuit 105d and second end is connected to second switch SW₄₂ One end, second switch SW₄₂Second end be then connected to reference to ground potential VSS, first switch SW₄₁With second switch SW₄₂It is controlled by The control signal SQ that the Q output of one rest-set flip-flop 105a generates, such as control signal SQ are coupled to first switch SW₄₁Control End processed, control signal SQ are coupled to second switch SW by the phase inverter 105e inversion signals generated₄₂Control terminal, certainly control Signal SQ also can also be by again being coupled to first switch SW after a buffer₄₁Control terminal.That is, first switch SW₄₁Second switch SW when connection₄₂It should turn off or first switch SW₄₁Second switch SW when shutdown₄₂It should connect.

For second controller 105, by the resistance R of divider_D1And R_D2Partial pressure, which captures, arrives output voltage V_OOne Partial pressure value, that is, feedback voltage V_FB, by feedback voltage V_FBIt is input to the reverse phase of a first comparator A1 in second controller 105 Input terminal, and input a first reference voltage V in the in-phase input end of first comparator A1_REF.Or as substitution feedback electricity Press V_FBMode, by with load 18 concatenated sensing resistance R_CCapture the sensing voltage V that characterization flows through 18 sizes of load_CS, will Sensing voltage V_CSIt is input to the inverting input of the first comparator A1 in second controller 105.In addition first comparator A1 Output end is then connected to the set end S of rest-set flip-flop 105a, and a turn-on time generator 105c in second controller 105 is defeated The signal S gone out_ONIt is input to the reset terminal R of rest-set flip-flop 105a, and a monostable flipflop (One-Shot) or one shots 105b is then connected between the Q output of rest-set flip-flop 105a and turn-on time generator 105c.The position in second controller 105 In first switch SW₄₁With second switch SW₄₂To the branch road with reference to ground potential VSS, node N₂It is first switch SW₄₁ Second end and second switch SW₄₂First end interconnection at a common node, node N₄It is connected to reference to ground potential VSS, And node N₄It is second switch SW₄₂Second end at a node.

For the first controller 104, including a second comparator A2, also there is the positive with the second comparator A2 A connected node N of input terminal₁, and there are one the node N for being connected to ground terminal GND for tool₃, it is additionally provided with and is connected to node N₁ With node N₃Between a resistance R₄₁.A second reference voltage V is inputted in the inverting input of the second comparator A2_TH.Its In the first controller 104 node N₁With the node N of second controller 105₂Between be connected with and belong to one of coupling element 106 Capacitance C₂₁, in the node N of the first controller 104₃With the node N of second controller 105₄Between be connected with and belong to coupling element A 106 capacitance C₂₂.Although the twisted pair construction of coupling element 106 and Ethernet is entirely different, they have similar As data transmission effect, for example node N₁The receiving interface RX1+ of the first controller 104, node N can be substantially regarded as₃It can To be regarded as the receiving interface RX2-, corresponding to be, node N of the first controller 104₂The second control can be substantially regarded as The transmission interface TX1+ of device 105 processed, node N₄It can be regarded as the transmission interface TX2- of second controller 105.

It cooperates to produce between the first controller 104 and second controller 105 from the angle of system to discuss now The first pulse signal S of raw control main switch Q1₁Embodiment, this needs explains by Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B.When the second control First comparator A1 reverse side individually enters feedback voltage V in device 105 processed_FBOr individually enter sensing voltage V_CSWhen, wherein when anti- Feedthrough voltage V_FBOr sensing voltage V_CSStart the first reference voltage V than positive terminal_REFT is betided when low namely in Fig. 6 B₁When The event at quarter, the output result of first comparator A1 is logic high makes output end Q so rest-set flip-flop 105a is set The control signal SQ of output jumps to logic high, to control the first switch SW that signal SQ is connected in Fig. 6 A₄₁, but control Signal SQ processed by the signal after phase inverter 105e reverse phases be logic low so second switch SW can be turned off₄₂.Due to first Switch SW₄₁Second switch SW when connection₄₂Shutdown can be less than ground terminal GND current potentials, so from second with reference to ground potential VSS current potentials Signal is transmitted between the 105 to the first controller of controller 104, it can be along by bias circuit 105d, first switch SW₄₁, node N₂, capacitance C₂₁, node N₁, resistance R₄₁, node N₃, capacitance C₂₂, node N₄, with reference to ground potential VSS such a circuit LOOP1 Upper formation current path, the positive voltage source that bias circuit 105d is provided at this time start along the first switch SW by conducting₄₁With Node N₂To the capacitance C in coupling element 106₂₁Charging, then node N₂Charging voltage V at place namely transmission interface TX1+_TX1 Changing condition it is as shown in Figure 6B, gradually rise.And node N₁Charging voltage V at place namely receiving interface RX1+_RX1Change Change situation is also as shown in Figure 6B, due to capacitance C₂₁The voltage at both ends cannot be mutated, so T₁Moment voltage V_RX1Almost there is maximum Value, and with capacitance C₂₁Pole plate between voltage be gradually lifted the voltage V so at receiving interface RX1+_RX1It gradually reduces.This stage Because of node N₁Charging voltage V at place namely receiving interface RX1+_RX1More than the second reference voltage V_TH, lead to the second comparator The output result of A2 namely the first pulse signal S of generation₁For logic high, to by the first pulse signal S₁It is coupled to master The control terminal of switch Q1 connects main switch Q1.It should be noted that because the first pulse signal S₁It has begun to control master Switch Q1, so in startup (Start-Up) stage of electric pressure converter, the drive control circuit institute in the first controller 104 is defeated The inceptive impulse signal for being used for controlling main switch Q1 gone out just stops generating, and starts completely by the first pulse signal S₁Control master Switch Q1, only electric pressure converter restarting power on and need to start main switch Q1 using inceptive impulse signal again.

Referring to Fig. 6 B, T₁First pulse signal S caused by moment₁This state continues to T₂Moment has arrived T₂Moment leads The turn-on time T of logical time generator 105c settings_ONTerminate so that turn-on time generator 105c will produce a logically high electricity Flat signal S_ONThe reset terminal S of rest-set flip-flop 105a is transported to as reset signal, so that the Q output of rest-set flip-flop 105a The control signal SQ of output is turned into logic low, and first switch SW in Fig. 6 A is turned off to control signal SQ₄₁, but control Signal SQ processed by the signal after phase inverter 105e reverse phases be logic high so second switch SW can be connected₄₂.Due to first Switch SW₄₁Second switch SW when shutdown₄₂It connects, it, can be along by node N from the 105 to the first controller of second controller 104₂、 Second switch SW₄₂, node N₄, capacitance C₂₂, node N₃, resistance R₄₁, node N₁, capacitance C₂₁Return to node N₂Form the circuit being closed LOOP2, capacitance C₂₁With capacitance C₂₂A part of charge of charge storage can offset neutralization and by resistance R₄₁Consumption.So from T₂ Moment, capacitance C₂₁Release charge leads to node N₂Charging voltage V at place namely transmission interface TX1+_TX1It gradually reduces, T₂Moment is because of capacitance C₂₁Voltage cannot be mutated so leading to node N₁Voltage V at place namely receiving interface RX1+_RX1It is drawn As low as the negative value of of short duration appearance, with capacitance C₂₁With capacitance C₂₂Release charge leads to the voltage V at receiving interface RX1+_RX1It is close T₃The zero potential of moment static state, and node N₂Voltage V at place namely transmission interface TX1+_TX1Also close to T₃The zero of moment static state Current potential, this stage is due to node N₁Voltage V at place namely receiving interface RX1+_RX1Less than for example close to the second ginseng of zero potential Examine voltage V_TH, lead to the output result of the second comparator A2 namely the first pulse signal S of generation₁For logic low, to By the first pulse signal S₁To turn off main switch Q1.From in Fig. 6 B, T₁Moment is to T₂Turn-on time T between moment_ONIt is main The stage that switch Q1 is connected, T₂Moment is to T₃Turn-off time T between moment_OFFIt it is the stage of main switch Q1 shutdowns, referring back to figure 1, the second pulse signal S has been handed over above₂It is the first pulse signal S₁The inversion signal of control signal SQ in other words, so Second pulse signal S₂In turn-on time T_ONT between when off_OFFLogic state and the first pulse signal S₁On the contrary, can be with Second pulse signal S is generated by second controller part 105₂Synchronous switch Q2 for controlling primary side.

In the stage of main switch Q1 conductings, primary side current flows through primary side winding L_PEnergy storage is carried out, at this time due to synchronization Switch Q2 is turned off so primary side winding L_SThere is no electric current to pass through, output capacitance C_OUTGive load 18 power supply.It is closed in main switch Q1 Disconnected stage, primary side current are reduced to zero primary side winding L_PIt releases energy, primary side winding L_PEnergy be transmitted to primary side Winding L_SWith auxiliary winding L_AUX, synchronous switch Q2 conductings at this time are so primary side winding L_SAnd there is electric current logical in synchronous switch Q2 It crosses, primary side winding L_SOutput capacitance C is returned to 18 offer load current of load_OUTCharging, auxiliary winding L_AUXAlso electricity is served as The capacitance C in source_AUXCharging.Turn-on time T is determined about turn-on time generator 105c_ONBe delayed the mode measured, in conjunction with Fig. 6 A It, such as can be by control signal SQ that rest-set flip-flop 105a is exported in T with Fig. 6 B₁The rising edge Rising-edge at moment is touched One monostable flipflop 105b of hair generates an other narrow clock pulses CLK1 of lasting nanosecond, it should be noted that when narrow It is high level that clock CLK1, which is only in the rising edge for controlling signal SQ, and other times are low levels.Clock pulses CLK1 is logical Know that turn-on time generator 105c starts timing, turn-on time generator 105c arrives preset turn-on time T just in timing_ONKnot At the time of beam, a high level signal S is sent by turn-on time generator 105c_ONReset rest-set flip-flop 105a, therefore this Control model substantially may be considered the control model of constant on-time Constantly On Time, based on the present invention's Spirit, in each switch periods, preset constant on-time T_ONLasting duration can also adjust, such as we can To design satisfactory minimum constant on-time T_ON-MINOr maximum constant turn-on time T_ON-MAX。

It is a kind of optional embodiment based on Fig. 6 A referring to Fig. 6 C.In view of the switching frequency f of main switch Q1 is with defeated Enter voltage V_INIncrease and reduce or with input voltage V_INReduce and increase, and frequency f is with turn-on time T_ONIncrease and reduces Or with turn-on time T_ONReduce and increase, if the too small core flux generations that may result in transformer T of switching frequency f can not The starting point for being restored to hysteresis loop makes magnetic core supersaturation, such as input voltage V_INIncrease causes switching frequency f too small just Transformer T can be caused to be saturated, once magnetic core can not bear voltage and be easy for burning at this time.In this embodiment, we will overcome This problem.When main switch Q1 connects still synchronous switch Q2 shutdowns, primary side winding L_SThere is no electric current to pass through, still It can be from primary side winding L_SSecond end such as Same Name of Ends and synchronous switch Q2 first end interconnection a node at capture this The voltage sample amount V of a node_SAM, and primary side winding L_SSecond end the period voltage V_SAMAbout it is equal to primary side Winding L_SThe number of turns NS than upper primary side winding L_PThe number of turns NP ratio NS/NP is multiplied by input voltage V again_INObtained calculating As a result, that is to say, that voltage V_SAMWith input voltage V_INSize there is relevances.Based on this relevance, turn-on time production Raw device 105c perception voltages V_SAMSize, thereby be used as foundation, to generate suitable turn-on time T_ONTo inhibit switching frequency F is reduced to the saturation of the magnetic core caused by abnormality.As shown in Fig. 6 C, 6D, pressure drop V is sensed_CSOr feedback voltage V_FBThan first Reference voltage V_REFThe small set end S that may result in first comparator A1 and export high level to rest-set flip-flop 105a, rest-set flip-flop The control signal SQ that the Q output of 105a generates is high level by low level overturning, and control signal SQ is exported to monostable trigger Device 105b will promote monostable flipflop 105b at the time of it is the rising edge of high level to control signal SQ by low level overturning Generate clock signal clk 1.Turn-on time generator 105c includes 105c-1 and voltage electricity of a sampling holder (S/H) Stream transformer 105c-2 further includes a third switch SW₅₁An and capacitance C_T, the wherein input of sampling holder 105c-1 End is connected to primary side winding L_SSecond end such as Same Name of Ends, the output end of sampling holder 105c-1 is connected to voltage and current and turns The voltage input end of parallel operation 105c-2, supply voltage V_DDOperating voltage, voltage and current are provided for voltage current adapter 105c-2 The current output terminal of converter 105c-2 and capacitance C_TOne end be connected to node N_T, capacitance C_TOpposite other end be connected to and connect Ground terminal GND.Third switch SW₅₁First end be connected to node N_TAnd second end is connected to ground terminal GND so that third is opened Close SW₅₁With capacitance C_TIt is relationship parallel connection, third switch SW₅₁The clock signals that generate of control terminal input monostable flipflop 105b CLK1.Turn-on time generator 105c further includes a third comparator A3, and the normal phase input end of third comparator A3 is connected To capacitance C_TOne end namely charge node N_T, and input a third reference voltage in the inverting input of third comparator A3 V_P。

Turn-on time T is adjusted referring to Fig. 6 C, turn-on time generator 105c_ONWorking mechanism be, utilize sampling keep Device 105c-1 sampling primary side windings L_SSecond end such as Same Name of Ends voltage V_SAM, the opportunity of sampling can be e.g. main The time of switch Q1 conductings and synchronous switch Q2 shutdowns, if input voltage V_INThe electricity that more big then sampling holder 105c-1 is kept Pressure value is bigger, causes the electric current that voltage current adapter 105c-2 is exported bigger.Vice versa, input voltage V_INIt is smaller then The voltage value that sampling holder 105c-1 is kept is just smaller, causes the electric current that voltage current adapter 105c-2 is exported with regard to smaller. Due to being used to drive third switch SW₅₁Clock signal clk 1 only in the rising of the rest-set flip-flop 105a control signal SQ generated Along at the time of be high level, other times are low level, so that third switch SW at the time of the rising edge of control signal SQ₅₁Quilt Transient state is connected, then capacitance C_TIt is stored in one end namely node N_TThe charge at place is in third switch SW₅₁This moment being switched on It discharges, so it is low level signal S that the output end of third comparator A3, which will produce and export at this moment,_ON.In figure 6d, it controls It is a preset period of time T at the time of rising edge of signal SQ processed_SETAt the time of beginning.Control the rising edge This move of signal SQ Clock signal clk 1 is turned to low level again after end, as long as third switch SW₅₁It is disconnected after connection, capacitance C_TIt utilizes again The electric current of voltage current adapter 105c-2 outputs charges.Once capacitance C_TIn conducting period T_ONInterior lasting charging, is leading Logical period T_ONAfter shutdown period T_OFFInside make node N_TThe voltage at place starts than third reference voltage V_PGreatly.Final knot Fruit is the signal S for making the output end of third comparator A3 generate_ONBy period T is connected_ONInterior low level is lifted to the shutdown period T_OFFInterior high level, and signal S_ONIt is input into the reset terminal R of rest-set flip-flop 105a again, so the signal S of high level_ONIt can answer Position rest-set flip-flop 105a allows the control signal SQ that its Q output generates by period T is connected_ONWhen interior high level drops into shutdown Section T_OFFInterior low level.Control signal SQ section T when off_OFFIt is inside continuously low level, until shutdown period T_OFFAfter Low level is also extended for, unless sensing pressure drop V next time_CSOr feedback voltage V_FBThan the first reference voltage V_REFSmall, first compares Device A1 sends out high level and carrys out set rest-set flip-flop 105a output high level again.And the letter that the output end of third comparator A3 generates Number S_ONSection T when off_OFFIt is inside continuously high level, until shutdown period T_OFFAfter also extend for high level, except non-straight There is rising edge to next secondary control signal SQ, third switch SW is connected to make clock signal clk 1 high level occur₅₁, with To allowing capacitance C_TNode N_TSpark, third comparator A3 can just generate low level signal S again_ON。

Referring to Fig. 6 C, input voltage V_INThe voltage value that more big then sampling holder 105c-1 is kept is also bigger, and causes The current value of voltage current adapter 105c-2 output is bigger, to reduce the charging time, allows capacitance C quickly_TThe section of one end Point N_TThe voltage at place is more than third reference voltage V_P, it is equivalent to and inside contracts short time interval T in entire switch periods_ONDuration, and this when Section T_ONInterior control signal SQ be high level and be main switch Q1 turn-on time, so work as input voltage V_INWhen being connected when bigger Between T_ONBut it is shortened, is corresponding to it, period T_OFFInterior control signal SQ be low level and be main switch Q1 turn-off time.Change speech It, although input voltage V_INIncrease and is intended to reduce switching frequency f, but turn-on time T_ONThe effect being shortened is to inhibit out Close the reduction degree of frequency f.Vice versa, once input voltage V_INVoltage value smaller, then that sampling holder 105c-1 is kept It is just smaller, cause the current value that voltage current adapter 105c-2 is exported with regard to smaller, and delay the charging time, finally with slow Speed just allow capacitance C_TThe node N of one end_TThe voltage at place is more than third reference voltage V_P, it is equivalent in entire switch periods It is suitably to extend period T_ONTime span, so input voltage V_INTurn-on time T that is smaller and leading to main switch_ONBut It is extended.In other words, although input voltage V_INReduction is intended to increase switching frequency f, but turn-on time T_ONThe effect being extended It is the increase degree for inhibiting switching frequency f.Obviously, what this embodiment of the invention can be splendid ensures switching frequency f's Relative steady-state.

Such as discontinuous DCM patterns lower switch frequency f=(2 × I_O×L×V_O)÷{(V_IN)²×(T_ON)², wherein L is to become The equivalent inductance value of depressor T, according to present invention scheme provided above, it is clear that either input voltage V_INIt reduces or increases, (V in functional relation_IN)²×(T_ON)²The variation scale of this calculated value is simultaneously little, can inhibit the change of switching frequency f Change amount/amplitude is damaged to avoid transformer T from entering saturation.

Referring to Fig. 7 A, compared with the embodiment of Fig. 6 A, it is most important difference be change coupling element 106 component type and Other features are then essentially identical.Coupling element 106 is pulse transformer PT, wherein the circuit of second controller 105 and generation The mode for controlling signal SQ is hereinbefore interpreted, repeats no more.In this embodiment, pulse transformer PT is as The transmission medium that data-signal interaction is carried out between one controller 104 and second controller 105 has primary side or primary survey Winding L_PT1With primary side or secondary side winding L_PT2, primary side winding L_PT1It is connected to second controller 105, primary side winding L_PT2It is connected to the first controller 104.Primary side winding L_PT1The first end having such as Same Name of Ends is used for receiving rest-set flip-flop 105a Produced control signal SQ and second end such as different name end are coupled to reference to ground potential VSS, primary side winding L_PT2First had End such as Same Name of Ends can generate the first pulse signal S for driving main switch Q1₁And second end such as different name end is used for coupling To ground terminal GND.Although in primary side winding L_PT1First end directly input control signal SQ, and by primary side winding L_PT2's The output result of first end is directly as the first pulse signal S₁It is feasible in theory, but in order to ensure that signal does not pass Mistake, the present invention provides the embodiments of Fig. 7 A.Controlling signal SQ can be for transmission to the input terminal to a buffer A4, buffer The output end of A4, that is, node N₅Place and primary side winding L_PT1First end between connect a capacitance C₅₂, primary side winding L_PT1's Second end is in node N₇It is with reference to ground potential VSS that place, which is connected to a lower current potential or says,.Primary side winding L_PT2First end With one for exporting the first pulse signal S₁Signal generate node N_SBetween connect a capacitance C₅₁, primary side winding L_PT2 Second end in a node N₆Place is connected to ground terminal GND.And optionally by a diode D₅₁Cathode be connected to section Point N_SAnd anode is in node N₆Place is connected to ground terminal GND, and optionally can also be in node N_SWith node N₆Between connect one A resistance R₅₁.The working mechanism of pulse transformer PT is embodied in, capacitance C₅₂Isolated DC electricity, when control signal SQ overturnings are height Capacitance C is given when level₅₂Charging, can also be lifted primary side winding L_PT1First end such as Same Name of Ends current potential.Such as being located at just for Fig. 7 B Grade side winding L_PT1The voltage V of transmission interface TX1+ at first end node_TX1Rough waveform, primary side winding L_PT1Second end Node at be considered as transmission interface TX2-, pulse transformer PT is transmitted to primary side winding L by signal SQ is controlled_PT2, primary side Winding L_PT2The current potential of first end such as Same Name of Ends be also lifted, be located at primary side winding L such as Fig. 7 B_PT2Connecing at the first end node Receive the voltage V of interface RX1+_RX1Rough waveform, primary side winding L_PT2It is considered as receiving interface RX2- at the node of second end.It should In the process due to capacitance C₅₁Coupling also can be by node N_SCurrent potential synchronize lifting get up, if using Schottky diode D₅₁Then diode D₅₁Clamp effect be also possible that node N_SCurrent potential increase rapidly, in node N_SPlace's output high level The first pulse signal S₁.In contrast, once the capacitance C when controlling signal SQ overturnings and being low level₅₂It will be by first Grade side winding L_PT1Electric discharge, capacitance C₅₁Also by primary side winding L_PT2With resistance R₅₁Electric discharge so that signal generates node N_SElectricity Position is fallen rapidly, to generate node N in signal_SPlace generates low level first pulse signal S₁, the first pulse signal S₁With The logic state of control signal SQ overturns and synchronizes variation.Second pulse signal S₂It is the first pulse signal S₁Inversion signal, wave Shape figure such as Fig. 7 B.

Referring to Fig. 7 C, which slightly distinguishes with Fig. 7 A, in the embodiment of Fig. 7 A in second controller 105 first The inverting input of comparator A1 has been entered feedback voltage V_FBOr sensing voltage V_CSOne of them, but the embodiment of Fig. 7 C The output of median filter 105g, which is re-fed into after being added by an adder 105i with the output of amplifier 105h to first, compares The inverting input of device A1.Output node N in Fig. 1₂₀The implementation as shown in Figure 8 that place either will be described in detail later The output node N of example₂₀The waveform of the practical ripple voltage Ripple at place carries alternating component and flip-flop, and ripple voltage is put down Equal voltage value is equivalent to the voltage level of flip-flop, and total ripple voltage subtracts the voltage value of flip-flop substantially just etc. In the voltage value of alternating component.Feedback voltage V_FBBecause being output node N₂₀Locate the partial pressure value captured, so it is substantially also One partial pressure of practical ripple voltage.In addition sensing voltage V_CSCharacterization is load current I_OSize, show alternating current-direct current spy The load current I of property_OThe DC current component carried is much larger than the alternating current ingredient that it is carried, so sensing voltage V_CSIt is also Alternating current-direct current signal, its average voltage level are equal to the voltage value of its flip-flop.In fig. 7 c, practical ripple voltage is conveyed To a filter 105g, which is used to filter out the flip-flop of practical ripple voltage and only retains and exchanged into output Point, it is believed that filter 105g is by feedback voltage V_FBTotal voltage value subtract the voltage value of flip-flop in it and just obtain it The voltage value of alternating component in the middle.In fig. 7 c, load current I_OIn sensing resistance R_CPressure drop, that is, sensing voltage of upper generation V_CSIt is transported to an amplifier 105h, sensing voltage V_CSBy being exported after amplifier 105h amplifications.Filter 105g will be filtered out instead Feedthrough voltage V_FBFlip-flop obtained from the signal of alternating component export and give adder 105i, amplifier 105h is by sensing voltage V_CSThe signal with alternating component and flip-flop of processing amplification, which exports, gives adder 105i, and adder 105i is by filter The signal of 105g outputs is re-fed into the inverting input of first comparator A1 after being added with the amplifier 105h signals exported.Figure The embodiment of 7C is not direct feedback voltage V in addition to the inverting input of first comparator A1_FBOr sensing voltage V_CSExcept, It is other identical with Fig. 7 A.And the letter that adder 105i exports the filter 105g signals exported and amplifier 105h It is input to this scheme of inverting input of first comparator A1 after number being added, to replace the inverting input of first comparator A1 Feedback voltage V_FBOr sensing voltage V_CS, apply also for the embodiment of Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 C.

Referring to Fig. 8, the maximum difference of the embodiment and Fig. 1 are primary side winding L_SFirst end such as different name end pass through one Rectifier diode D_RECIt is connected to output node N₂₀.And the synchronous switch Q2 in Fig. 1 can also be abandoned, at this time primary side around Group L_SSecond end such as Same Name of Ends may be coupled directly to reference to ground potential VSS.Rectifier diode D_RECAnode be connected to secondary Side winding L_SFirst end and cathode is connected to output node N₂₀, starting voltage ST can be from rectifier diode D_RECCathode at It captures.It no longer needs to generate the second pulse signal S if synchronous switch Q2 is cancelled₂, in addition to this, the running working machine of Fig. 8 System is identical as Fig. 1, and it will not go into details here.

In electric pressure converter, if load 18 lightens or is unloaded, load current I_OIt will significantly reduce, this is equally The switching frequency f of main switch Q1 can be caused to reduce, the underloading Light load situations of load 18 described herein are either unloaded Empty load are with respect to for its heavily loaded Heavy load situations.And whether switching frequency f enters with electric pressure converter Audio zone is closely bound up, if switching frequency f is too low to will produce unwanted oscillation, if such as electric appliance user hear transformer send out The howling gone out may be exactly that switching frequency f is reduced to 20Hz or so.

Referring to Fig. 9, caused by the adaptive certainly solution switching frequency f reductions of electric pressure converter will be introduced in this embodiment Audio sense of discomfort.The embodiment of either Fig. 6 A or Fig. 7 A or Fig. 7 C, by feedback voltage V_FBOr sensing voltage V_CSOr addition One of the signal of device 105i outputs is considered as detection signal DE, therefore detection signal DE can be used for characterization and be supplied to load 18 Output voltage V_OAnd/or load current I_OReal-time size cases.This detection signal DE is input to the reverse phase of first comparator A1 Input terminal, the first reference voltage level V_REFIt is input to the normal phase input end of first comparator A1, when detection signal DE is less than the first ginseng Examine voltage value V_REFWhen, the high level of first comparator A1 outputs makes the set end S set of rest-set flip-flop 105a, rest-set flip-flop 105a starts to export the control signal SQ of high level, when closed between generator 105c generate the signal S of high level_ONIt is transported to RS Rest-set flip-flop 105a starts to export low level control signal SQ when the reset terminal R of trigger 105a, this is hereinbefore in detail Thin to introduce, it will not go into details.In the embodiment in fig. 9, a part of component of electric pressure converter is only illustrated, while also specially Illustrate a kind of optional but nonessential embodiment of turn-on time generator 105c.In figure 9 and in figure 10, once when detecting letter Number DE is less than the first reference voltage level V_REF, triggering is single at the time of controlling rising edges of the signal SQ from low transition to high level Steady state trigger 105b sends out clock signal clk.In the embodiment in figure 10, the first reference voltage level is less than with detection signal DE V_REFTwo adjacent time intervals for illustrated, for example, a first period TIME1 have occurred detection signal DE (such as certain One detection signal DE1) it is less than the first reference voltage level V_REFThe case where, this moment electric pressure converter can be by generating control letter Number SQ1 connects main switch Q1 and increases output voltage V to modulate_OAnd/or load current I_O, to make first by voltage modulated Period TIME1, end point detection signal DE was revert to just more than the first reference voltage level V_REFState, later at one second Detection signal DE (such as some detection signal DE2) has occurred again below the first reference voltage level V in period TIME2 again_REF's Situation, electric pressure converter need to modulate increase output voltage again by control signal SQ2 controls connection main switch Q1 is generated V_OAnd/or load current I_O, through voltage modulated so that the second period TIME2 end point detection signal DE is revert to just more than One reference voltage level V_REF, so recycle.

Referring to Figure 10, detection signal DE1 is less than the first reference voltage level V in the first period TIME1_REF, in the first period TIME1 initial times, the high level comparison result of first comparator A1 make the control of rest-set flip-flop 105a set generation high level Signal SQ1, this moment, the rising edge that control signal SQ1 is turned to high level by low level before make monostable trigger Device 105b coverlets fire out the burst pulse namely clock signal CKL1 of high level, which can combine Fig. 6 A and Fig. 7 A or Fig. 7 C To understand.The clock signal CKL1 triggering and conducting time generators 105c generated by monostable flipflop 105b proceeds by conducting Time T_ON1Timing, in the turn-on time T that main switch Q1 is connected_ON1The signal S that interior third comparator A3 is sent out_ON1It is continuously low Level.To turn-on time T_ON1After, the third comparator A3 in turn-on time generator 105c sends out the signal of high level S_ON1As reset signal, allows rest-set flip-flop 105a to reset and control signal SQ1 is made to be turned to low level state.In the first period In TIME1, main switch Q1 can have the multiple switch period and the quantity that illustrates incessantly, a preset period of time T_SET- A from first when The start time point of section TIME1 starts timing, by one or more switch periods until in preset period of time T_SET- A terminates When, detecting voltage DE it is anticipated that imagination be greater than the first reference voltage V_REF, it is low level to control signal SQ1 at this time, and The moment is again because of the also no appearance of the narrow clock signal of the subsequent next high level of clock signal clk 1, capacitance C_TDo not have also There is spark, then the signal S of third comparator A3 outputs_ON1Maintain high level.

Referring to Figure 10, after the first period TIME1 terminates, due to the voltage modulated effect of electric pressure converter so that detect Signal DE is surveyed to revert to more than the first reference voltage level V_REFState, at this time the comparison result of first comparator A1 be low level. After certain interval of time, later in a second period TIME2 detection signal DE2 again below the first reference voltage level V_REF, The high level comparison result of second period TIME2 initial time, first comparator A1 makes rest-set flip-flop 105a set generate high electricity Flat control signal SQ2, this moment, control signal SQ2 are turned to the rising edge of high level by low level before so that single Steady state trigger 105b is clicked and is sent out the burst pulse namely clock signal CKL2 of high level.It is produced by monostable flipflop 105b Raw clock signal CKL2 triggering capacitances C_TIt discharges and is less than third reference voltage V_P, at this time turn-on time generator 105c start Carry out turn-on time T_ON2Timing, in the turn-on time T that main switch Q1 is connected_ON2The signal S that interior third comparator A3 is sent out_ON2 It is continuously low level.To turn-on time T_ON2After, capacitance C_TIt is more than third reference voltage V to charge to_P, turn-on time generator Third comparator A3 in 105c sends out the signal S of high level_ON2As reset signal, allows rest-set flip-flop 105a to reset and make control Signal SQ2 processed is turned to low level state.Equally in the second period TIME2, main switch Q1 can also have the multiple switch period And the quantity illustrated incessantly, a preset period of time T_SET- B timing since the start time point of the second period TIME2, by one A or multiple switch period is until in preset period of time T_SETAt the end of-B, detecting voltage DE it is anticipated that imagination can be more than the One reference voltage V_REFMeet loading demand, it is low level to control signal SQ2 at this time, and moment is again because of clock signal The narrow clock signal of the subsequent next high level of CLK2 does not occur also, so capacitance C_TThere are no spark, then third ratio Compared with the signal S of device A3 outputs_ON2Maintain high level.

It, hereafter will be with adjacent previous preset period of time T referring to Fig. 9_SET- A and the latter preset period of time T_SET- B is occurred Feedback voltage V_FBOr sensing voltage V_CSOr the output signal of adder 105i is less than the first reference voltage V_REFIn case of, Come be illustrated in switching frequency f it is too low when, the present invention is how to avoid that transformer T utters long and high-pitched sounds and directing switch frequency f is detached from audio zone 's.Wherein feedback voltage V_FBOr sensing voltage V_CSOr the output signal of adder 105i one of arbitrary is considered as detection signal DE. In Fig. 9 and Figure 10, previous preset period of time T_SETThe clock signal clk 1 that the control signal SQ1 moment generates in-A has frequency values F, because the quantity of the high level burst pulse of period clock signal CLK1 may more than once, frequency value F also may be used Energy can there is one or more situations.In fig.9, the clock generator 113 provided includes at least oscillator 113a It generates oscillator signal with frequency divider 113b, oscillator 113a and exports and give frequency divider 113b, and frequency divider 113b then changes and shakes The frequency of signal is swung to provide a upper frequency critical value F_HWith a lower frequency critical value F_LIt exports and makees to frequency comparator 114 For reference frequency, possessed by the clock signal clk 1 that thereby frequency comparator 114 can trigger control signal SQ1 rising edges Frequency value F and upper frequency critical value F_HWith lower frequency critical value F_LIt is compared.Counter 115 is with totalizer and subtracts Method counter, and the initial count value of counter 115 can advance assignment, some frequency value F be more than upper frequency critical Value F_HTime limit counter 115 subtracts 1 on the basis of the counting initial value being assigned, and is less than lower frequency in some frequency value F Critical value F_LTime limit counter 115 adds 1 on the basis of the counting initial value being assigned, and adds operation still to hold until then executing Row subtracts operation and is determined entirely by the comparison result of frequency comparator 114, and comparison result is transferred to counter 115, counter 115 by The result executes the operation rule of previous definition.In preset period of time T_SETIn-A, according to each high level narrow pulse clock signal The comparison result of the size and reference frequency of the corresponding frequency value F of CLK1 so that counter 115 sequentially either plus 1 or Subtract 1, and makes the identical of the execution of counter 115 based on the corresponding type number of frequency value F (for example 5 different frequency values) The counts of number (for example counting 5 times), final counter 115 will produce a total count value.In addition counter 115 also has Definition has count condition, namely limits a upper critical count value and a lower critical count value to counter 115, once when total Count value then defines total count value and is equal to upper critical count value when being more than upper critical count value, or faces under total count value is less than Total count value is then defined when boundary's count value is equal to lower critical count value.Or when total count value is equal to upper critical count value or lower critical When one of count value, total count value is defined without changing.

In order to facilitate understanding, it is assumed that in exemplary but non-limiting embodiment, in preset period of time T_SETIt is several high in-A Level narrow pulse clock signal CLK1 corresponds to tool, and there are five types of different frequencies, it is also assumed that the frequency value F of clock signal clk 1 Total number be five.In this case, the counting initial value of counter 115 is to be presented as two binary symbol BIT [00] for, lower critical count value is defined as two binary symbol BIT [00], and upper critical count value is defined as Two binary symbol BIT [11].The total number of the frequency value F of clock signal clk 1 be five when, each frequency values according to The timing node of appearance successively keeps up with frequency critical value F_HWith lower frequency critical value F_LBe compared, by frequency comparator 114 It executes, the result hypothesis that front and back comparison obtains is respectively：First frequency values is less than lower frequency critical value F_L, second frequency values Higher than upper frequency critical value F_H, third frequency values be less than lower frequency critical value F_L, the 4th frequency values be higher than upper frequency critical value F_H, the 5th frequency values be less than lower frequency critical value F_L, according to counting rule defined above, counter 115 is to several high level The number of narrow pulse clock signal CLK1 counts, front and back five execution on the basis of counting [00] initial value BIT of counter 115 Counting step be embodied in：First frequency values is less than lower frequency critical value F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result triggering The up counter of counter 115 is effective and 1, second frequency values is added to be higher than upper frequency critical value F_HWhen frequency comparator 114 Comparison result flip-flop number 115 subtraction count device effectively and subtract 1, third frequency values are less than lower frequency critical value F_LWhen The up counter of the comparison result flip-flop number 115 of frequency comparator 114 is effective and adds 1, the 4th frequency values higher than upper Frequency critical value F_HWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 subtraction count device effectively and subtract 1, the 5th A frequency values are less than lower frequency critical value F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 up counter Effectively and add 1, so counting initial value BIT [00] meets two into one tales obtained after sequentially front and back total five times count Value is [01] BIT.In another example, it is assumed that counting initial value BIT [00] mentioned above and lower critical count value BIT [00] and upper critical count value BIT [11] is constant, but the range of five frequency values is changed, and counter 115 is counting The counting step of front and back five execution is embodied on the basis of initial value BIT [00]：First frequency values is higher than upper frequency critical Value F_HWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 subtraction count device effectively and subtract 1, second frequency values Higher than upper frequency critical value F_HWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 subtraction count device effectively and subtract 1, third frequency values are higher than upper frequency critical value F_HWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 subtraction Counter is effective and subtracts 1, the 4th frequency values are higher than upper frequency critical value F_HWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result triggering meter The subtraction count device of number device 115 is effective and subtracts 1, the 5th frequency values are higher than upper frequency critical value F_HWhen frequency comparator 114 The subtraction count device of comparison result flip-flop number 115 is effective and subtracts 1, and total count value is counted less than lower critical in this case Value BIT [00], so the lower critical count value BIT [00] being assigned finally is treated as total count value.Opposite at another In example, it is assumed that it counts initial value BIT [00] and lower critical count value BIT [00] and upper critical count value BIT [11] is constant, but It is that the ranges of five frequency values is changed, front and back five execution on the basis of counting [00] initial value BIT of counter 115 Counting step be embodied in：First frequency values is less than lower frequency critical value F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result triggering The up counter of counter 115 is effective and 1, second frequency values is added to be less than lower frequency critical value F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 The up counter of comparison result flip-flop number 115 effectively and add 1, third frequency values less than lower frequency critical value F_LWhen The up counter of the comparison result flip-flop number 115 of frequency comparator 114 is effectively and under adding 1, the 4th frequency values to be less than Frequency critical value F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 up counter effectively and add the 1, the 5th A frequency values are less than lower frequency critical value F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 up counter Effectively and add 1, the total count value after five countings is more than upper critical count value BIT [11] in this case, so being assigned Upper critical count value BIT [11] be finally treated as total count value.

Referring to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, counter 115 described above is happened at the counting of the frequency value F of clock signal CLK1 A upper preset period of time T_SETIn-A, and a register is transmitted and encoded/be burnt to total count value finally by counter 115 It is stored in 116.In a upper preset period of time T_SETThe meaning of-A inside counting frequency value Fs is, makes adjacent next preset period of time T_SETTurn-on time T in-A_ON2Absolute presupposition period T_SETTurn-on time T in-A_ON1It is adjusted, and the foundation for implementing adjustment is exactly Total count value corresponding to frequency value F.Adjust turn-on time T_ON2Mode referring to Fig. 9, in the turn-on time generator of Fig. 9 In 105c, includes mainly a fixed current source 110 and two optional additional current sources 111,112, further include a third Switch SW₅₁An and capacitance C_T, supply voltage V_DDWork is provided for fixed current source 110 and two additional current sources 111,112 Make voltage.The electric current I that wherein fixed current source 110 exports₀It is delivered directly to C_TAn end node N_TPlace and capacitance can be continuously C_TCharging, capacitance C_TOpposite other end be connected to ground terminal GND.But additional current sources 111 and capacitance C_TThe node N of one end_T Between be connected to a 4th switch SW₆₁, the 4th switch SW₆₁First end receive additional current sources 111 export electric current I₁And Second end is connected to node N_T, only the 4th switch SW₆₁Control terminal make the 4th switch SW receiving high level₆₁It leads When logical, the electric current I of the output of additional current sources 111₁It just can be from node N_TPlace is capacitance C_TCharging.Similarly, another additional current sources 112 and capacitance C_TThe node N of one end_TBetween be connected to another the 5th switch SW₆₂, the 5th switch SW₆₂First end receive it is attached The electric current I for adding current source 112 to export₂And second end is connected to node N_T, only the 5th switch SW₆₂Control terminal receiving height Level makes the 5th switch SW₆₂When conducting, the electric current I of the output of additional current sources 112₂It just can be from node N_TPlace is capacitance C_TIt fills Electricity.A third switch SW in voltage current adapter 105c-2₅₁First end be connected to node N_TAnd second end is connected to Ground terminal GND is so that third switch SW₅₁With capacitance C_TIt is relationship parallel connection, third switch SW₅₁Control terminal input monostable Trigger 105b is in a upper preset period of time T_SETThe high level clock signal formed by the rising edge of control signal SQ1 in-A CLK1, third switch SW₅₁It is connected by transient state, then capacitance C_TIt is stored in one end namely node N_TThe charge at place is switched in third SW₅₁This moment being switched on discharges, so the output end of third comparator A3 will produce low level signal at this moment S_ON1.The high level burst pulse of clock signal clk 1 falls back to low level, fixed current source after the rising edge of control signal SQ1 110 start to capacitance C_TNode N_TCharging, if the 4th switch SW₆₁It is switched on then additional current sources 111 and fixed current source 110 together to capacitance C_TNode N_TCharging, if the 5th switch SW₆₂It is switched on then that additional current sources 112 are also and fixed current Source 110 is together to capacitance C_TNode N_TCharging.The clock signal CKL1 triggering and conducting times generated by monostable flipflop 105b Generator 105c proceeds by turn-on time T_ON1Timing, in the turn-on time T that main switch Q1 is connected_ON1Interior third comparator A3 The signal S sent out_ON1It is continuously low level.Once capacitance C_TIn conducting period T_ON1Interior lasting charging, in conducting period T_ON1Terminate Capacitance C afterwards_TNode N_TThe voltage at place starts than third reference voltage V_PThe big letter that the output end of third comparator A3 is generated Number S_ON1In conducting period T_ON1At the end of be turned to shutdown period T_OFF1Interior high level, and signal S_ON1RS is input into again to touch The reset terminal R for sending out device 105a, so the signal S of high level_ON1Rest-set flip-flop 105a can be resetted, the control letter for allowing Q output to generate Number SQ1 is by being connected period T_ON1Interior high level drops into shutdown period T_OFF1Interior low level, to turn off main switch Q1.Such as Fruit main switch Q1 detects voltage DE after first switch periods and still is below the first reference voltage V_REF, then main switch Q1 will Start to execute second switch periods, and so on, until preset period of time T_SETAt the end of-A detect voltage DE it is anticipated that set Want more than the first reference voltage V_REF.According to this switching mode, main switch Q1 is in conducting period T_ON1It is inside switched on and is closing Disconnected period T_OFF1The action being inside turned off, in entire preset period of time T_SETIt can be recycled in-A repeatedly.

Second controller 105 is according to a upper preset period of time T_SETThe total count value of-A inside countings device 115, it is next to generate A preset period of time T_SETControl signal SQ2 in-B and its high level burst pulse CLK2 at the time of rising edge.This working mechanism It is embodied in：If a upper preset period of time T_SETSwitching frequency f is too low in-A causes transformer T to enter the audio zone uttered long and high-pitched sounds so that The final total count value of counter 115 is more than preset initial count value because of cumulative algorithm, which is stored In register 116, and the binary element that register 116 is written is by as control electronic switch namely the 4th switch SW₆₁With the 5th switch SW₆₂The control signal whether connected makes total count value be more than initial count once switching frequency f is too low Value, such as the total count value that register 116 is written is [01] bit BIT, or write-in is considered as the upper critical count value of total count value BIT [11], they are bigger than counting initial value symbol BIT [00].

According to example described above, total count value BIT [01] is by as the 4th switch SW₆₁With the 5th switch SW₆₂Control Signal processed, 0 the 4th switch SW of control of high bit₆₁Shutdown, 1 compared with low level controls the 5th switch SW₆₂It connects.Or total count value BIT [11] is by as the 4th switch SW₆₁With the 5th switch SW₆₂Control signal, high bit 1 control the 4th switch SW₆₁It connects Logical, 1 compared with low level controls the 5th switch SW₆₂It connects.It is worth noting that, turn-on time generator 105c is only to open up in Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of modelling is shown, there is no displayings for the content of some common-senses, such as known to those skilled in the art, register Control signal data need in certain embodiments in advance by recycled after decoder for decoding one group of decoded signal come effectively Turn on and off corresponding switch.

In next preset period of time T_SETDetecting voltage DE occurs in-B and is less than the first reference voltage V_REFWhen, when this is default Section T_SETThe clock signal clk 2 of the high level burst pulse of the rising edge triggering of control signal SQ2 in-B once allows third to switch SW₅₁It is connected by transient state, capacitance C_TIt is stored in node N_TThe charge at place is by third switch SW₅₁It discharges, so third comparator The output end of A3 will produce low level signal S at this moment_ON2.The height of clock signal clk 2 after the rising edge of control signal SQ2 Level burst pulse falls back to low level, and fixed current source 110 starts to capacitance C_TNode N_TCharging, if the 4th switch SW₆₁ Be switched on then additional current sources 111 also with fixed current source 110 together to capacitance C_TNode N_TCharging, if the 5th switch SW₆₂Be switched on then additional current sources 112 also with fixed current source 110 together to capacitance C_TNode N_TCharging.Register 116 Total count value BIT [01] controls the 4th switch SW₆₁It turns off and controls the 5th switch SW₆₂It connects, so additional current sources 112 are defeated The electric current I gone out₂The electric current I exported with fixed current source 110₀It is delivered directly to capacitance C_TAn end node N_TPlace is capacitance C_TIt fills Electricity, it is clear that the sum of electric current (I₀+I₂) relative to simple electric current I₀Charging rate faster, so next preset period of time T_SETIn-B Relative to a upper preset period of time T_SET- A can be soon by capacitance C_TIt is full of, speed is faster.Identical reason, register 116 Total count value BIT [11] control the 4th switch SW₆₁, the 5th switch SW₆₂It connects, so the electric current that additional current sources 111 export I₁, additional current sources 112 export electric current I₂The electric current I exported with fixed current source 110₀It is delivered directly to capacitance C_TOne end Node N_TPlace is capacitance C_TCharging, it is clear that the sum of electric current (I₀+I₁+I₂) relative to simple electric current I₀Charging rate faster, so Next preset period of time T_SETRelative to a upper preset period of time T in-B_SET- A can be soon by capacitance C_TIt is full of, speed is more Soon.The clock signal CKL2 triggering and conducting time generators 105c generated by monostable flipflop 105b proceeds by turn-on time T_ON2Timing, in the turn-on time T that main switch Q1 is connected_ON2The signal S that interior third comparator A3 is sent out_ON2It is continuously low level. Once capacitance C_TIn conducting period T_ON2Interior lasting charging, in conducting period T_ON2After capacitance C_TNode N_TThe voltage at place is opened Begin than third reference voltage V_PThe big signal S that the output end of third comparator A3 is generated_ON2In conducting period T_ON2At the end of It is turned to shutdown period T_OFF2Interior high level, and signal S_ON2It is input into the reset terminal R of rest-set flip-flop 105a again, so high The signal S of level_ON2Rest-set flip-flop 105a can be resetted, allows the control signal SQ2 that its Q output generates by period T is connected_ON2Interior High level drops into shutdown period T_OFF2Interior low level, to turn off main switch Q1.If main switch Q1 is switched at first Voltage DE is detected after period still is below the first reference voltage V_REF, then main switch Q1 will start execute second switch periods, And so on, until preset period of time T_SETAt the end of-B detect voltage DE it is anticipated that imagination be greater than the first reference voltage V_REF.According to this switching mode, main switch Q1 is in conducting period T_ON2Inside be switched on and section T when off_OFF2Inside it is turned off Action, in entire preset period of time T_SETIt can be recycled in-B repeatedly.

Has no doubt, in preset period of time T_SET- A does not introduce additional current source 111 and/or current source 112 in advance, but Preset period of time T_SETAdditional current source 111 and/or current source 112 are introduced in-B so that preset period of time T_SETIn-B when conducting Section T_ON2Because of charging current bigger, capacitance C_TCharging time speed relative to conducting period T_ON1Faster and quickly allow node N_T The voltage at place is than third reference voltage V_PGreatly, result is exactly to lead to subsequent conducting period T_ON2Less than conducting period T_ON1.It examines The switching frequency f of main switch Q1 is considered with conducting period T_ONIncrease and reduce or with conducting period T_ONReduce and increases, when Load 18 is underloading or unloaded, conducting period T_ON1The switching frequency f in stage allows transformer T to enter audio of uttering long and high-pitched sounds because of too small Qu Shi, because of later conducting period T_ON2Become smaller, namely the appropriate value for increasing switching frequency f, allows transformer T to be detached from and make a whistling sound Cry audio zone.

Substantially conducting period T_ON1With conducting period T_ON2Relative size relationship and the counting initial value of counter 115 it is non- Chang Xiangguan.If in exemplary but non-limiting embodiment, in preset period of time T_SETAt the beginning of the counting of-A Stage Countings device 115 Initial value is BIT [01] or BIT [10], then the 4th switch SW₆₁Or the 5th switch SW₆₂One of them can be switched on and another one quilt It closes, then the electric current I that additional current sources 111 export₁Or the electric current I that additional current sources 112 export₂Meeting and fixed current source 110 electric current I₀Together in conducting period T_ON1Stage is capacitance C_TCharging, total total charging current value is (I₁+I₀) or (I₂+ I₀), by taking counting initial value therein is BIT [01] as an example, on the basis of counting [01] initial value BIT, go out by different frequency The counting step of five execution is before and after existing priority time sequencing：Frequency critical value F on first frequency values ＞_HWhen frequency ratio Compared with the subtraction count device of the comparison result flip-flop number 115 of device 114 effectively and subtract 1, second frequency values ＜ lower frequency it is critical Value F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 up counter effectively and add 1, third frequency values The upper frequency critical value F of ＞_HWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 subtraction count device effectively and subtract 1, 4th frequency values ＜ lower frequency critical values F_LWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 plus coujnt Device is effective and adds frequency critical value F on 1, the 5th frequency values ＞_HWhen frequency comparator 114 comparison result flip-flop number 115 subtraction count device is effective and subtracts 1, and final total count value is BIT [00] in this case, that is, the period is connected T_ON2Stage is capacitance C_TThe total total charging current value of charging is I₀, so capacitance C_TIn conducting period T_ON2Stage charging needs Be greater than capacitance C total times_TIn conducting period T_ON1The time of stage charging is equivalent to conducting period T_ON2It is adjusted to and is more than Period T is connected_ON1, so as to cause switching frequency f from preset period of time T_SETThe higher value of-A is adjusted to preset period of time T_SET- B's is smaller Value.

In conclusion previous preset period of time T in Fig. 10_SET- A, the control letter of the second controller 105 of primary side Number SQ1 is transmitted to the first controller 104 of primary side by coupling element 106 so that the first arteries and veins that the first controller 104 generates Rush signal S₁Control main switch Q1 has turn-on time T in switch periods_ON1.The latter preset period of time T in Fig. 10_SET- B, the control signal SQ2 of the second controller 105 of primary side are transmitted to the first controller of primary side by coupling element 106 104 so that the first pulse signal S that the first controller 104 generates₁Control main switch Q1 has turn-on time in switch periods T_ON2.As preset period of time T_SETThe number of the frequency value F for the CLK1 that-A inside countings device 115 triggers the rising edge for controlling signal SQ1 According to counting rule, when final total count value is calculated more than initial count value so that the latter preset period of time T_SET-B Interior turn-on time T_ON2＜ turn-on times T_ON1.Vice versa, when final total count value be calculated is less than initial count When value so that the latter preset period of time T_SETTurn-on time T in-B_ON2＞ turn-on times T_ON1.When be calculated final total When count value is equal to initial count value so that the latter preset period of time T_SETTurn-on time T in-B_ON2=turn-on time T_ON1.Its Cause is that often the primary detecting voltage DE of experience is less than the first reference voltage V_REFEvent when, total count value can all be updated one It is secondary, and the symbol in total count value directly decides switch SW₆₁、SW₆₂Connection whether.Namely detecting electricity ought occur next time DE is pressed to be less than the first reference voltage V_REFEvent when, last time detecting voltage DE is less than the first reference voltage V_REFStage calculate The total count value gone out determines that detecting voltage DE occurs next time is less than the first reference voltage V_REFStage turn-on time.Value Must be it is noted that although the present invention be explained using the additional additional current sources 111,112 of two bit symbols and two as example The spirit of the present invention, but in actual topology, count initial value and count critical value up and down in fact not by two The limitation of bit symbols quantity, while the quantity of additional current sources is not also limited by two such quantity of branch.

In content described above, data transmission medium namely this hair between the first and second controllers 104,105 The framework of pulse transformer PT used by the bright coupling element 106 being related to is extremely important, below corresponding Figure 11 A to figure In 13C, it will the structure of pulse transformer PT is discussed in detail.

Referring to Figure 11 A, it is contemplated that in the whole system of electric pressure converter all electronic components all can surface installation or On patch to PCB circuit board, and it will advocate in this embodiment using circuit board 200 as pulse transformer PT physical arrangements A part.It is emphasized that circuit board 200 is not the overall picture of PCB in Figure 11 A, the part for needing to use is shown only Region.On circuit board 200 by drill or etch or be cut by laser etc. it is all possible in a manner of, it is previously prepared to have adjacent one First through hole 201 and second through-hole 202, they run through the thickness of circuit board 200.The nonessential item as option, also The gap 203 that the region between first through hole 201 and the second through-hole 202 prepares a strip can be located in circuit board 200, The gap 203 also extends through the thickness of circuit board 200.The nonessential item as option, first through hole 201 and the second through-hole 202 The line of symmetry centered on gap 203 and the opposite sides for respectively symmetrically being arranged in the gap 203.It is nonessential as option , first through hole 201 and the second through-hole 202 are rectangular.On the surface of circuit board 200 spiral is formed with around first through hole 201 Shape coil 202a, such as the primary side winding of pulse transformer PT, spiral coil 202a has the rectangular of multiple concentric The conducting ring of shape, this series of concentric square conducting ring is around first through hole 201, and the conducting ring respectively enclosed is on circuit board 200 It is set and is generally aligned in the same plane.The center of spiral coil 202a and the center of first through hole 201 substantially overlap.Together Sample is formed with another spiral coil 202b on the same surface of circuit board 200 around the second through-hole 202, such as pulse The primary side winding of transformer PT, spiral coil 202b has the conducting ring of the square shape of multiple concentric, this series of concentric Around the second through-hole 202, the conducting ring respectively enclosed is set on circuit board 200 and is generally aligned in the same plane rectangular conducting ring.Spiral The center of shape coil 202b and the center of the second through-hole 202 substantially overlap.There are one first for spiral coil 202a tools The end of a thread at end is as Same Name of Ends and the end of a thread with another opposite tail end is as different name end.Same spiral coil 202b tools The end of a thread for a head end having is as Same Name of Ends and the end of a thread with another opposite tail end is as different name end.Spiral coil There are many patterns or structure of 202a and 202b, such as in the upper surface of circuit board 200 either lower surface around first through hole 201 form spiral helicine back-shaped shallow trench, including multiple concentric square grooves from the inside to the outside, when in these concentric square grooves Such as metallic copper, the conducting ring that can form the square shape of multiple concentric is used as helical form for interior filling or damascene conductive material Coil 202a.Equally, in the upper surface of circuit board 200 either lower surface spiral helicine shallow ridges is formed around the second through-hole 202 Slot can form the conduction of the square shape of multiple concentric when the filling in these concentric square grooves or damascene conductive material Ring is as spiral coil 202b.In other various alternative embodiments, spiral coil 202a or 202b are directly exactly example Such as it is installed to the upper surface of circuit board 200 in a manner of adherency, deposition, sputtering, plating, including a series of multiple concentric is rectangular Wire coil, for example, they be on circuit board 200 other metal lines or line footpath TRACE be coated with simultaneously by metal material and At.Although be in figure by taking rectangular spiral coil 202a or 202b as an example, in the other embodiment that do not illustrate, helical form Each coil of coil 202a or 202b are also configured to a series of donuts or various polygonal shapes etc..Although figure 11A only depicts the spiral coil 202a or 202b of single layer, but in other alternative embodiments, for spiral coil For 202a, the spiral coil that multilayer does not illustrate can also be set inside circuit board 200 and carry out spiral shell with top layer or bottom It revolves shape coil 202a and overlaps being aligned on the direction of circuit board 200, make between the spiral coil of different levels mutually It is arranged in such a way that face is parallel, at this time these spiral coils additionally added (not illustrating) and spiral shell inside circuit board 200 It is the same around the arrangement of first through hole 201 to revolve shape coil 202a.It, can also be in circuit equally for spiral coil 202b The spiral coil that 200 inside setting multilayer of plate does not illustrate comes with the spiral coil 202b of top layer or bottom perpendicular to electricity It is aligned and overlaps on the direction of road plate 200, make mutually to be arranged in such a way that face is parallel between the spiral coil of different levels, at this time These additional spiral coils (not illustrating) inside circuit board 200 are logical around second as spiral coil 202b Hole 202 is arranged.In multi-layer spiral coil framework, it is spaced apart between the spiral coil of different levels and is laminated between them Belong to the insulating layer of printed circuit board 200 and be electrically insulated, but arbitrary two neighbouring spiral coils must meet one The condition of interconnection：The second end (or first end) of a upper spiral coil must be with the first of adjacent next spiral coil End (or second end) is electrically connected by the interconnection line being built in circuit board 200, these multi-layer spiral coils are given It is together in series.Such as in multi-layer spiral coil, the first end (or second end) of the first spiral coil of top layer or bottom The spiral at one end of the equivalent Same Name of Ends (or different name end) and bottom or top layer as multiple spiral coil series connection structures The second end (or first end) of shape coil is used as the equivalent different name end (or Same Name of Ends) of multiple spiral coil series connection structures.

Referring to Figure 11 A, pulse transformer PT includes at least the magnetic core framework 210 of U-shaped (or saying it is the shape of a saddle) and including one The magnetic core framework 211 of a strip, magnetic core framework 210 include the side arm portion 210a extended in parallel along the same direction and side arm portion 210b further includes the stage casing part 210c substantially vertical with side arm portion 210a, 210b, and side arm portion 210a and 210b are connected to The both sides of stage casing part 210c, both substantial side arm portion 210a and 210b and stage casing part 210c are integral structures.Work as U-shaped One side arm portion 210a of magnetic core framework 210 interts interior to first through hole 201 and the U-shaped magnetic core framework 210 with respect to another Side arm portion 210b then intert to the second through-hole 202 by correspondence, so that magnetic core framework 210 is mounted on circuit board 200, and And in order to form the magnetic circuit loop of closure, it is also necessary to combine magnetic core framework 211 with magnetic core framework 210.In Figure 11 B, Magnetic core framework 210 is inserted into from the positive side of circuit board 200, and two side arm portions 210a, 210b of magnetic core framework 210 are respective Front end face (or disconnected section or cut surface) is close in the opposite reverse side of circuit board 200 and a surface of magnetic core framework 211 It fits together, to build magnetic circuit.It is worth noting that, in order to avoid being brought in understanding because of the difference of term or term Deviation, the front end face END FACE in the side arm portion that context refers to are the surrounding side SIDE FACE of opposite side arm For.It is reserved between the side and the side wall of first through hole 201 of one side arm portion 210a of magnetic core framework 210 and has the gap 204, Equally, it also reserves and has the gap between the side and the side wall of the second through-hole 202 of another side arm portion 210b of magnetic core framework 210 204.In view of magnetic core framework 210 and magnetic core framework 211 condensed together in the form of separable, if built-in in Figure 11 B There is the electronic equipment of pulse transformer PT to be shaken or fallen and be likely to cause magnetic core framework calving, preferably in circuit Some insulating cements are put on plate 200 by the rwo gluing or are retained on circuit board 200 and unlikely shaking displacement.Pay attention to print here The primary efficacy of printed circuit board 200 is installation transformer T above and the encapsulation chip for being integrated with the first controller 104 and integrates There are each components such as the encapsulation chip of second controller 105, only some folding corner region in PCB circuit board 200 Or a position is reserved into eleven punch 11 in some surface mount elements comparatively rare region, prepares 201 He of first through hole Second through-hole 202, in this reserved location installation pulse transformer PT.Wherein main switch Q1 and synchronous switch Q2 can both may be used With separately installed to main switch Q1 and the first controller 104 in PCB circuit board 200, can also be integrated in an encapsulation chip In be installed to again in PCB circuit board 200, and/or by synchronous switch Q2 and second controller 105 be integrated in one encapsulation chip in It is installed to again in PCB circuit board 200.

It is another structure of pulse transformer PT referring to Figure 12 A, still includes the magnetic core framework 210 and cuboid of U-shaped Or cube-shaped magnetic core framework 211, but as the scheme for substituting spiral coil 202a and 202b, also there are one first for tool Chip 301 and second chip 302.The relatively close center position of first chip 301 of flat square shape is provided with one A the first centre bore 314 for running through 301 thickness of the first chip, and the first chip 301 also has at least two pins, 312 He 313, the pin 312 and 313 be used for and circuit board 200 on pad butt welding, for example by surface mount technology using weld Tin material is welded.There are one run through the second chip 302 for the close center position setting of second chip 302 of flat square shape Second centre bore 324 of thickness, and also there are the second chip 302 at least two pins 322 and 323, pin 322 and 323 to use In with the pad butt welding on circuit board 200.At this point, being still formed with adjacent first through hole 201 and on circuit board 200 Two through-holes 202.When the first chip 301 is installed on circuit board 200, its first centre bore 314 as rectangular should be with electricity The rectangular first through hole 201 of road plate 200 is aligned, when the second chip 302 is installed on circuit board 200, it as rectangular Second centre bore 324 should be with circuit board 200 the second rectangular through-hole 202 be aligned.Since the first centre bore 314 and first is logical Hole 201 is overlapping so a side arm portion 210a of U-shaped magnetic core framework 210 is easy to be inserted through the rwo simultaneously, U-shaped magnetic core framework 210 opposite another side arm portion 210b is then corresponding while being inserted through overlapping the second centre bore 324 and the second through-hole 202. In Figure 12 B, magnetic core framework 211 is combined with magnetic core framework 210, magnetic core framework 210 is inserted from the positive side of circuit board 200 Enter, and two respective front end faces of side arm portion 210a, 210b of magnetic core framework 210 circuit board 200 opposite reverse side it is another Side and a surface accurate of magnetic core framework 211 fit together, to build magnetic circuit.Shown in Figure 12 B, magnetic core framework It reserves and has the gap between the side and first through hole 201,314 respective side wall of the first centre bore of a 210 side arm portion 210a The side of 204, another side arm portion 210b of magnetic core framework 210 and the second through-hole 202,324 respective side wall of the second centre bore Between also reserve have the gap 204.

Referring to Figure 12 C-1, the relationship of the first chip 301 and the second chip 302 has been changed on the basis of Figure 12 A, has been schemed The first chip 301 and the second chip 302 are each independent chips in the embodiment of 12A, they are needed individually toward circuit Patch on plate 200, but in the possible embodiments of Figure 12 C-1, the first chip 301 and the second chip 302 are connected to integrated conduct First chip 301 patch synchronous with the second chip 302 can be mounted on circuit board 200 by one entirety.Figure 12 C-2's In vertical view, the first chip 301 and the second chip 302 are arranged side by side, wherein a corner 311a of the first chip 301 and second It is close to each other between one corner 321a of chip 302, and the rwo is linked together by an interconnecting piece 331.First Close to each other between another corner 311b of chip 301 and another corner 321b of the second chip 302, the rwo passes through company Socket part 332 links together.Interconnecting piece 331,332 is moveable to the first and second chips other than the corner for being arranged in chip The other positions in gap between the two, as long as ensureing that the first chip 301 of interconnection and the second chip 302 are substantially coplanar, Neng Goutong Step is installed on circuit board 200.

It is the perspective view based on Figure 12 A the first chips 301 and the second chip 302 shown referring to Figure 12 D.First core Piece 301 connects up 315 including helical form and the second chip 302 includes helical form wiring 325, and 315 and 325 are connected up about helical form Pattern individually shows in fig. 12e.Optionally, in fig. 12e, a substrate 317 is for carrying a silicon substrate 316, substrate 316 can also be used alone, and substrate 317 and 316 respective center of substrate offer hole, on the upper surface of substrate 316 It is disposed with helical form wiring 315, the center of helical form wiring 315 and substrate 317, substrate around the hole of its center 316 respective centers substantially overlap, because helical form wiring 315 is conductor the insulation for passing through 316 upper surface of substrate Layer insulate with substrate 316.Another substrate 326 being arranged side by side with substrate 316 is carry by a substrate 327, and substrate 326 can It is used alone, substrate 327 and 326 respective center of substrate offer hole, on the upper surface of substrate 326 in it The hole of heart position is disposed with helical form wiring 325, and the wherein center of helical form wiring 325 and substrate 327, substrate 326 is each From center substantially overlap because helical form wiring 325 is conductor needing to be situated between by the insulation of 326 upper surface of substrate Matter layer insulate with substrate 326.Here substrate 317,327 ensures the implementation of the present invention there are many selection mode, in addition to insulation The alternatives such as the lead frame (Lead-frame) of typical metal material can also be used other than substrate.Although Figure 12 E are only The helical form wiring 315 or 325 for only depicting single layer can be with for substrate 316 but in other alternative embodiments The helical form wiring that multilayer does not illustrate is arranged on it to come with helical form wiring 315 on the direction of substrate 316 Alignment overlaps, and is mutually arranged in such a way that face is parallel between so that the helical form of different levels is connected up, at this time this on substrate 316 A little helical form wirings (not illustrating) additionally added are arranged as helical form wiring 315 around the first centre bore 314.Together Sample can also be arranged the helical form that multilayer does not illustrate on it for substrate 326 and connect up to connect up 325 with helical form It is overlapped being aligned on the direction of substrate 316, between so that the helical form of different levels is connected up mutually in such a way that face is parallel Setting, the ring as helical form wiring 315 of these helical forms additionally added wiring (not illustrating) on substrate 326 at this time It is arranged around the second centre bore 324.In the framework of multi-layer spiral wiring, it is spaced apart between the helical form wiring of different levels And be provided with insulating medium layer (such as silica etc.) between them and so that be electrically insulated each other, but arbitrary phase up and down Adjacent two helical forms wiring must but meet the condition of an interconnection：Second end (or first end) palpus of upper helical form wiring The first end (or second end) connected up with adjacent next helical form is sent a telegram here by the interconnection line being built in insulating medium layer Property connection, in this way by these multi-layer spirals wiring be together in series.Such as in multi-layer spiral wiring, it is located at The first end (or second end) of the first helical form of top layer or bottom wiring connects up the equivalent of series connection structure as multiple helical forms Same Name of Ends (or different name end), and positioned at an end of bottom or top layer helical form connect up second end (or first end) be used as The equivalent different name end (or Same Name of Ends) of multiple helical form wiring series connection structures.

Referring to Figure 12 D and Figure 12 A, there are one plastic-sealed bodies 311 for the first chip 301 tool, and there are one plastic packagings for the second chip 302 tool Body 321.In the first chip 301, the helical form wiring 315 that substrate 316 and its upper surface are formed is coated on by plastic-sealed body 311 Interior, it is also coated on by plastic-sealed body 311 interior if being additionally provided with substrate 317.Helical form wiring 315 one end (such as Same Name of Ends) by By wire bonding WIRE BONDING be formed by lead 318 be connected to adjacent substrates 317, substrate 316 pin 312 on, spiral shell The opposite other end (such as different name end) of rotation shape wiring 315 is formed by other leads 318 using wire bonding WIRE BONDING Be connected to adjacent substrates 317, substrate 316 pin 313 on, in same lead 318 is also required to be coated on by plastic-sealed body 311.Draw Foot 312 is used to accept in the part of lead 318 is coated on by plastic-sealed body 311, but pin 312 some extend to plastic packaging Except body 311 for use in the pad butt welding on circuit board 200, same pin 313 is used to accept the part of lead 318 In being coated on by plastic-sealed body 311, but pin 313 some extend to except plastic-sealed body 311 for use in circuit board Pad butt welding on 200.Similar, in the second chip 302, plastic-sealed body 321 forms substrate 326 and its upper surface Helical form wiring 325 be coated in, in it is also coated on by plastic-sealed body 321 if being additionally provided with substrate 327.Wherein helical form One end (such as Same Name of Ends) of wiring 325 is formed by lead 328 by wire bonding WIRE BONDING and is connected to adjacent substrates 327, on the pin 322 of substrate 326, the opposite other end (such as different name end) of helical form wiring 325 utilizes wire bonding WIRE BONDING be formed by other leads 328 be connected to adjacent substrates 327, substrate 326 pin 323 on, same lead 328 In being coated on by plastic-sealed body 321, plastic-sealed body is, for example, the material preparation by epoxy resin.Pin 322 and 323 draws for accepting In the part of line 318 is coated on by plastic-sealed body 311, but pin 322 and 323 respective some extend to plastic-sealed body 311 Except for use in the pad butt welding on circuit board 200.

Referring to Figure 12 D and Figure 12 A, in the first chip 301, a first rectangular centre bore 314 runs through plastic packaging simultaneously Body 311, substrate 316, substrate 317 (if being selected) respective thickness, and the first centre bore 314 is located substantially on plastic-sealed body 311, substrate 316,317 respective center of substrate, primary side winding of the helical form wiring 315 as pulse transformer PT, A series of concentric square conducting rings in it around the first centre bore 314, and the center of helical form wiring 315 and The center of first centre bore 314 essentially coincides.It is corresponding, in the second chip 302, a second rectangular centre bore 324 simultaneously through plastic-sealed body 321, substrate 326, substrate 327 (if being selected) respective thickness, and the second centre bore 324 It is located substantially on plastic-sealed body 321, substrate 326,327 respective center of substrate, wherein helical form wiring 325 becomes as pulse The primary side winding of depressor PT, a series of concentric square conducting rings in it are around the second centre bore 324, and helical form The center of wiring 325 and the center of the second centre bore 324 essentially coincide.For the implementation of Figure 12 C-1 and Figure 12 C-2 Example, in plastic packaging process MOLDING steps, the plastic-sealed body 311 of the first chip 301 is synchronous with the plastic-sealed body 321 of the second chip 302 The molding of integrated plastic packaging, a corner 311a of plastic-sealed body 311 and a corner 321a of plastic-sealed body 321 are adjacent, in position It is close to each other, and be bridged the two by the interconnecting piece 331 (and plastic-sealed body material) between them, plastic-sealed body 311 One corner 321b of another corner 311b and plastic-sealed body 321 is adjacent, close to each other in position, and by between them The two is bridged by interconnecting piece 332 (and plastic-sealed body material).In the embodiment of Figure 12 B, first on circuit board 200 is logical The narrow gap 203 that region between hole 201 and the second through-hole 202 can prepare strip can not also be prepared.In Figure 12 A to 12E Embodiment in, on position relationship, the stage casing part 210c and magnetic core framework 211 of magnetic core framework 210 are with flat first Chip 301, the second chip 302 respectively where plane it is parallel, it is also parallel with circuit board 200, but magnetic core framework 210 is connected to The side arm portion 210a and side arm portion 210b at its stage casing part both ends 210c with the first chip 301, the second chip 302 respectively where Plane it is vertical, it is also perpendicular with circuit board 200.When the first chip 301 and the second chip 302 are mounted on circuit board 200 When, substrate 316 and substrate 317, substrate 326 and substrate 327 and for plastic packaging their flat plastic-sealed body 311,321 and electricity Road plate 200 is parallel.

It is another structure of pulse transformer PT referring to Figure 13 A, there are one the first chip 401 and second cores for tool Piece 402, the first chip 401 include the magnetic core framework 410 of a U-shaped or the shape of a saddle, and the second chip 402 includes a U-shaped or horse The magnetic core framework 420 of saddle type.In the first chip 401, as shown in Figure 13 B, magnetic core framework 410 includes the side arm portion extended in parallel 410a and side arm portion 410c further includes the stage casing part 410b substantially vertical with side arm portion 410a, 410c, and stage casing part 410b connects It is connected on side arm portion 410a, 410c between the two.One first coil winding 415 is wrapped on the 410b of stage casing part, first coil One end (such as Same Name of Ends) of winding 415 is directly electrically connected with welding or with other various connection types and pin 412, First Line The opposite other end (such as different name end) for enclosing winding 415 directly electrically connects with welding or with other various connection types with pin 413 It connects, pin 412,413 is adjacent to magnetic core framework 410.Plastic-sealed body 411 coats magnetic core framework 410,415 plastic packaging of first coil winding Inside, pin 412 be used to accept first coil winding 415 that part be coated on by plastic-sealed body 411 in, but pin 412 Some extend to except plastic-sealed body 411 for use in the pad butt welding on circuit board 200, same pin 413 In being coated on for accepting that part of first coil winding 415 by plastic-sealed body 411, but pin 413 some prolong Reach except plastic-sealed body 411 for use in the pad butt welding on circuit board 200.In the second chip 402, such as Figure 13 B Shown, magnetic core framework 420 includes the side arm portion 420a extended in parallel and side arm portion 420c further includes and side arm portion 420a, 420c base This vertical stage casing part 420b, stage casing part 420b are connected to side arm portion 420a, 420c between the two.One the second coil around Group 425 is wrapped on the 420b of stage casing part, and one end (such as Same Name of Ends) of second coil winding 425 is directly with welding or with other Various connection types are electrically connected with pin 422, and the opposite other end (such as different name end) of second coil winding 425 is directly with weldering It connects or is electrically connected with other various connection types and pin 423, pin 422,423 is adjacent to magnetic core framework 420.Plastic-sealed body 421 In magnetic core framework 420,425 plastic packaging of second coil winding are coated on, pin 422 is used to accept that of second coil winding 425 In a part is coated on by plastic-sealed body 421, but pin 422 some extend to except plastic-sealed body 411 for use in Pad butt welding on circuit board 200, same pin 423 are used to accept that part of second coil winding 425 by plastic packaging In body 421 is coated on, but pin 423 some extend to except plastic-sealed body 421 for use in on circuit board 200 Pad butt welding.In the embodiment of Figure 13 A to 13C, on position relationship, the stage casing part 410b of magnetic core framework 410, side Arm 410a, 410c are coplanar and parallel with the plane where flat the first chip 401, the stage casing part of magnetic core framework 420 420b is coplanar with side arm portion 420a, 420c and parallel with the plane where flat the second chip 402.And when the first chip 401 and second chip 402 when be mounted side by side onto circuit board 200, the magnetic core framework 410, magnetic core framework 420 and corresponding And circuit board 200 is parallel for plastic packaging their flat plastic-sealed body 411,421.

Referring to Figure 13 A, for magnetic core framework 410 and magnetic core framework 420, it is desirable that the side arm portion 410a's of magnetic core framework 410 Front end face 410a-1 is exposed from a side 411a of plastic-sealed body 411, and front end face 410a-1 is to belong to side arm in fact A cut surface or disconnected section perpendicular with the length direction of side arm portion 410a of portion 410a, also requires magnetic core framework 410 The front end face 410c-1 of side arm portion 410c is exposed from a side 411a of plastic-sealed body 411, front end face 410c-1 its It is in fact the cut surface or disconnected section perpendicular with the length direction of side arm portion 410c for belonging to side arm portion 410c.And it requires The front end face 420a-1 of the side arm portion 420a of magnetic core framework 420 is exposed from a side 421a of plastic-sealed body 421, before this End face 420a-1 is the cut surface or disconnected perpendicular with the length direction of side arm portion 420a for belonging to side arm portion 420a in fact Section also requires the front end face 420c-1 of the side arm portion 420c of magnetic core framework 420 from a side 421a of plastic-sealed body 421 In expose, front end face 420c-1 is belong to side arm portion 420c perpendicular with the length direction of side arm portion 420c in fact One cut surface or disconnected section.It wherein further defines and must be directed towards moulding using the side 411a of plastic-sealed body 411 when pulse transformer PT The side 421a of body 421 is sealed, wherein aspectant are oppositely arranged of limitation side 411a and side 421a is to allow magnetic core framework The front end face 410a-1 of 410 side arm portion 410a can be aligned with the front end face 420a-1 of the side arm portion 420a of magnetic core framework 420, It can also allow the front end face 410c-1 of side arm portion 410c of magnetic core framework 410 can be with the side arm portion of magnetic core framework 420 simultaneously The front end face 420c-1 alignments of 420c, so as to along the side arm of the side arm portion 410a of magnetic core framework 410 to magnetic core framework 420 Portion 420a, and along the side arm portion 410c from the side arm portion 420c of magnetic core framework 420 to magnetic core framework 410, in two pieces of magnetic cores The magnetic core magnetic circuit of closure is built between skeleton 410 and 420.

Referring to Figure 13 B, it is a kind of application method of pulse transformer PT, the first chip 401 and the second chip 402 is installed When on to circuit board 200, keep the first chip 401 and the second chip 402 close to each other, until the plastic packaging of the first chip 401 The side 411a of body 411 touches a side 421a of the plastic-sealed body 421 of the second chip 402, and side 411a and side 421a is seamless, and unoccupied place fits together.The front end face 410a-1 and magnetic core framework 420 of the side arm portion 410a of magnetic core framework 410 at this time The seamless unoccupied places front end face 420a-1 of side arm portion 420a fit together, the front end face of the side arm portion 410c of magnetic core framework 410 The seamless unoccupied places front end face 420c-1 of the side arm portion 420c of 410c-1 and magnetic core framework 420 fit together.It is equivalent in position The side arm portion 410a of magnetic core framework 410 and the side arm portion 420a of magnetic core framework 420 is allowed to dock in relationship, the side of magnetic core framework 410 The side arm portion 420c of arm 410c and magnetic core framework 420 is docked, to which magnetic core framework 410 and magnetic core framework 420 can splice structure At expected ring core structure.

Referring to Figure 13 C, which slightly has difference, the side 411a and plastic packaging of Figure 13 B limitation plastic-sealed bodies 411 with Figure 13 B The side 421a of body 421 is completely seamless to be fitted closely, but in Figure 13 C, simultaneously by the first chip 401 and the second chip 402 When row is installed on circuit board 200, keep the first chip 401 and the second chip 402 close to each other, but plastic-sealed body 411 Retain a gap 430 between side 411a and the side 421a of plastic-sealed body 421, is remained that at this time until the first chip 401 The side 421a of the side 411a plastic-sealed bodies 421 that touch the second chip 402 of plastic-sealed body 411 face each other the alignment in face, and And the front end face 420a- of the side arm portion 420a of the front end face 410a-1 and magnetic core framework 420 of the side arm portion 410a of magnetic core framework 410 1 faces each other the alignment in face, the side arm portion of the front end face 410c-1 and magnetic core framework 420 of the side arm portion 410c of magnetic core framework 410 The front end face 420c-1 of 420c faces each other the alignment in face.It is equivalent on position relationship, allows the side arm portion of magnetic core framework 410 It is mutually butted in a manner of there are gap between 410a and the side arm portion 420a of magnetic core framework 420, similar, magnetic core framework It is mutually butted in a manner of there are gap between 410 side arm portion 410c and the side arm portion 420c of magnetic core framework 420, to magnetic Core crab 410 and magnetic core framework 420 can be spliced to form expected ring core structure, only the side arm of magnetic core framework 410 The side arm portion 420a of portion 410a and magnetic core framework 420 separated and form air gap and magnetic core framework in the position of disconnection The 410 side arm portion 410c and side arm portion 420c of magnetic core framework 420 separated and form air gap, front end in the position of disconnection The air gap between air gap and front end face 410c-1 and front end face 420c-1 between face 410a-1 and front end face 420a-1 is for preventing Only magnetic saturation.When in the magnetic core in pulse transformer PT there are when air gap, since the magnetic permeability of air only has such as iron core magnetic conduction Several one thousandths of rate, magnetomotive force nearly all drop on air gap, therefore its average permeability will be big there are the magnetic core of air gap Big to decline, not merely residual magnetic flux density can reduce, and peakflux density may also reach up saturation flux density, to make Magnetic flux increment increases, and magnetic core of transformer is no longer susceptible to magnetic saturation.In this embodiment, optionally also in plastic-sealed body 411 Fill insulant 450 among the gap 430 retained between side 411a and the side 421a of plastic-sealed body 421, insulating materials 450 It can not only realize electrical isolation, on the other hand can also effectively enhance the first chip 401 and the second chip 402 is retained on electricity Bond strength on road plate 200.

More than, by description and accompanying drawings, give the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific implementation mode, foregoing invention Existing preferred embodiment is proposed, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For a person skilled in the art, in reading State it is bright after, various changes and modifications undoubtedly will be evident.Therefore, appended claims, which should be regarded as, covers the present invention True intention and range whole variations and modifications.In Claims scope the range of any and all equivalences with it is interior Hold, is all considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of pulse transformer, which is characterized in that include the first magnetic of a U-shaped with the one group of side arm portion extended in parallel Core crab, and include the second magnetic core framework of a bar shaped, it is set on a printed circuit board for installing pulse transformer It is equipped with the first, second through printed circuit plate thickness and adjacent through-hole；And

The first chip with the first centre bore and the second chip with the second centre bore, the first, second chip are mounted on print On printed circuit board, the first centre bore and first through hole alignment coincidence and the second centre bore and the second through-hole alignment overlap；

From the first side of printed circuit board by one of one group of side arm portion of the first magnetic core framework simultaneously be inserted into the first centre bore, First through hole and another one are inserted into the second centre bore, the second through-hole simultaneously, and one group of respective front end face in side arm portion is printing The second side of circuit board is directly pressed on a surface of the second magnetic core framework；

First chip includes：

First substrate is provided with the wiring of the first helical form on a surface of the first substrate：

Two pins in the first substrate proximity are set, and the both ends of the first helical form wiring are connected respectively this by lead On two pins；

One the first plastic-sealed body envelopes the first substrate, the first helical form cloth, lead, and wherein pin is for accepting the one of lead Part is enveloped by the first plastic-sealed body, but another part of pin is extended to except the first plastic-sealed body and is used for and printed circuit board Pad welded；

First centre bore runs through the first plastic-sealed body and the first substrate, and makes a series of form concentric spirals shapes in the wiring of the first helical form Wiring grommet is arranged around the first centre bore；

Second chip includes：

Second substrate is provided with the wiring of the second helical form on a surface of the second substrate：

Two pins in the second substrate proximity are set, and the both ends of the second helical form wiring are connected respectively this by lead On two pins；

One the second plastic-sealed body envelopes the second substrate, the second helical form cloth, lead, and wherein pin is for accepting the one of lead Part is enveloped by the second plastic-sealed body, but another part of pin is extended to except the second plastic-sealed body and is used for and printed circuit board Pad welded；

Second centre bore runs through the second plastic-sealed body and the second substrate, and makes a series of form concentric spirals shapes in the wiring of the second helical form Wiring grommet is arranged around the second centre bore.

2. pulse transformer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with the first spiral of multilayer on the first substrate Shape connects up and alignment overlaps up and down to each other, is provided with insulating medium layer between the first neighbouring helical form wiring, appoints A series of form concentric spirals shape wiring grommets in one the first helical form wiring of meaning are arranged around the first centre bore；

One end interconnection of one end and adjacent next first helical form wiring of the first helical form wiring arbitrarily on this, thereby By the first all helical form wiring series, the one of first first helical form wiring in multiple first helical forms wiring of concatenation End is used as one of both equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end, and one end of first helical form wiring at end is used as etc. Imitate the other of both Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end.

3. pulse transformer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with the second spiral of multilayer on the second substrate Shape connects up and alignment overlaps up and down to each other, is provided with insulating medium layer between the second neighbouring helical form wiring, appoints A series of form concentric spirals shape wiring grommets in one the second helical form wiring of meaning are arranged around the second centre bore；

One end interconnection of one end and adjacent next second helical form wiring of the second helical form wiring arbitrarily on this, thereby By the second all helical form wiring series, the one of first second helical form wiring in multiple second helical forms wiring of concatenation End is used as one of both equivalent Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end, and one end of second helical form wiring at end is used as etc. Imitate the other of both Same Name of Ends or equivalent different name end.

4. pulse transformer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the insulation of coating on a printed circuit Glue is used for the first, second magnetic core framework adherency fixing on a printed circuit.

5. pulse transformer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pass through one between the first chip and the second chip Or multiple interconnecting pieces are connected to each other and them are made to become coplanar integral structure, so that the first chip and the second chip synchronization are pacified It is attached on printed circuit board.

6. pulse transformer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be also equipped with the master of power stage on printed circuit board The first side winding of transformer, main transformer receives input voltage and provides output voltage in secondary side winding for load, and The first side winding of main transformer and a main switch series connection；

One chip installation with the first controller on a printed circuit, drives master to open for generating the first pulse signal Pass switches between conducting and shutdown；

One chip installation with second controller on a printed circuit, output voltage size and/or table is characterized by one The detecting voltage and first reference voltage for levying load current size compare, its generated one is determined by comparison result Control the logic state of signal；

Wherein the logic state for controlling signal is transmitted to the first controller by the pulse transformer, makes the first controller according to control The logic state of signal judges the logic state of the first pulse signal, thereby determines main switch on or off.