CN106522998B - Longitudinal positioning connection device and construction method of underground engineering support arch - Google Patents
Longitudinal positioning connection device and construction method of underground engineering support arch Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/28—Longitudinal struts, i.e. longitudinal connections between adjoining arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种地下工程支护拱架纵向定位连接装置及施工方法，包括连接杆、第一固定装置和第二固定装置，其中，所述连接杆的一端为球形圆头，球形圆头上设置有第一螺纹孔；另一端为膨大结构；第一固定装置提供用于卡合固定所述膨大结构的卡合结构，卡合结构的内径小于膨大结构的外径；第二固定装置为由壳体围成的端部开口的中空结构，且壳体上设置有与球形圆头上的第一螺纹孔配合的第二螺纹孔，球形圆头的直径大于中空结构端部的内径，且小于中空结构主体部分的内径。定位方便灵活，缩短施工周期。应用该装置，仅需移动拱架对准并插入第一固定装置中即可实现拱架纵向连接及精确定位，大大节省施工时间，提高施工安全性。
The invention discloses a longitudinal positioning connection device and a construction method for an underground engineering supporting arch, comprising a connecting rod, a first fixing device and a second fixing device, wherein one end of the connecting rod is a spherical round head, and the spherical round head There is a first threaded hole on the top; the other end is an enlarged structure; the first fixing device provides an engaging structure for snapping and fixing the expanding structure, and the inner diameter of the engaging structure is smaller than the outer diameter of the expanding structure; the second fixing device is A hollow structure with an open end surrounded by a shell, and the shell is provided with a second threaded hole that matches the first threaded hole on the spherical round head, the diameter of the spherical round head is larger than the inner diameter of the end of the hollow structure, and smaller than the inner diameter of the main body of the hollow structure. The positioning is convenient and flexible, shortening the construction period. By applying the device, the vertical connection and precise positioning of the arches can be realized only by moving the arches to be aligned and inserted into the first fixing device, which greatly saves construction time and improves construction safety.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种地下工程支护拱架纵向定位连接装置及施工方法。The invention relates to an underground engineering supporting arch longitudinal positioning connection device and a construction method.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国基础设施建设的不断发展，地下工程的建设越来越得到重视。随着建设规模和速度的迅猛发展，地下工程初期支护的施工速度及施工安全性得到了广泛的关注，为此拱架的机械化作业成为了亟需解决的关键性技术。传统的拱架纵向连接方式多采用三点放样法，通过全站仪对隧道断面拱顶、两侧拱脚进行测量放样，确定隧道拱架的高程及安装位置，然后通过人工焊接连接钢筋进行拱架固定。虽然在近年来的工程实践中，人们针对地下工程拱架纵向安装定位连接装置做了很多工作，但是由于条件限制，目前没有一种方法能够切实有效地解决拱架快速定位问题。With the continuous development of my country's infrastructure construction, more and more attention has been paid to the construction of underground engineering. With the rapid development of construction scale and speed, the construction speed and construction safety of the initial support of underground engineering have been widely concerned, so the mechanized operation of the arch frame has become a key technology that needs to be solved urgently. The traditional longitudinal connection method of the arch frame mostly adopts the three-point stakeout method. The tunnel cross-section vault and the arch feet on both sides are measured and staked out by a total station to determine the elevation and installation position of the tunnel arch frame, and then the steel bars are connected by manual welding for arching. rack fixed. Although in engineering practice in recent years, people have done a lot of work on the longitudinal installation of positioning connection devices for underground engineering arches, but due to limited conditions, there is currently no method that can effectively solve the problem of rapid positioning of arches.
传统的地下工程支护拱架定位安装方法主要存在以下缺点：The traditional positioning and installation method of underground engineering support arches mainly has the following disadvantages:
(1)增加施工工序，量测精度低。每一循环的拱架安装均需进行一次隧道量测放样，增加了施工周期，且现场量测受限于上次量测结果及现场环境等因素，测量精度难以保证；(1) The construction process is increased, and the measurement accuracy is low. Each cycle of arch installation requires tunnel measurement and lofting, which increases the construction period, and the on-site measurement is limited by factors such as the previous measurement results and the on-site environment, and the measurement accuracy is difficult to guarantee;
(2)施工速度慢，安全性差。拱架纵向连接时，需要大量工人进行现场焊接，施工速度慢，效率低，且在不完全支护空间进行施工时，存在一定不安全因素。(2) The construction speed is slow and the safety is poor. When the arch frame is vertically connected, a large number of workers are required to carry out on-site welding, the construction speed is slow, the efficiency is low, and there are certain unsafe factors when the construction is carried out in an incompletely supported space.
(3)适用范围有限。现有拱架定位连接方式难以配合拱架的机械化现场，拱架上部定位装置完成定位后，下部连接杆往往偏离预定安装位置，难以实现拱架定位。(3) The scope of application is limited. The existing arch positioning and connection methods are difficult to match the mechanized site of the arch. After the upper positioning device of the arch is positioned, the lower connecting rod often deviates from the predetermined installation position, making it difficult to realize the positioning of the arch.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为了解决上述问题，提出了一种地下工程支护拱架纵向定位连接装置及施工方法，地下工程支护拱架施工过程中，在确定上一榀拱架位置后，利用本发明的纵向定位连接装置可以实现对第二榀拱架进行快速、准确定位，以解决拱架定位占用时间过长，精度不高和人员浪费等问题。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a longitudinal positioning connection device and construction method of an underground engineering support arch. The positioning connection device can realize the rapid and accurate positioning of the second arch, so as to solve the problems of excessive time taken for positioning the arch, low precision and waste of personnel.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种地下工程支护拱架纵向定位连接装置，包括连接杆、第一固定装置和第二固定装置，其中，所述连接杆的一端为球形圆头，球形圆头上设置有第一螺纹孔；另一端为膨大结构；A longitudinal positioning connection device for supporting arches in underground engineering, including a connecting rod, a first fixing device and a second fixing device, wherein one end of the connecting rod is a spherical round head, and a first threaded hole is arranged on the spherical round head ; The other end is an expanded structure;
第一固定装置提供用于卡合固定所述膨大结构的卡合结构，卡合结构的内径小于膨大结构的外径；The first fixing device provides an engaging structure for engaging and fixing the enlarged structure, and the inner diameter of the engaging structure is smaller than the outer diameter of the enlarged structure;
第二固定装置为由壳体围成的端部开口的中空结构，该结构整体对称分为两半，且其中一半壳体上设置有与球形圆头上的第一螺纹孔配合的第二螺纹孔，球形圆头的直径大于中空结构端部的内径，且小于中空结构主体部分的内径；The second fixing device is a hollow structure with an open end surrounded by a shell. The structure is divided into two halves symmetrically as a whole, and one half of the shell is provided with a second screw thread that cooperates with the first threaded hole on the spherical round head. The hole, the diameter of the spherical round head is larger than the inner diameter of the end of the hollow structure and smaller than the inner diameter of the main part of the hollow structure;
使用时，将多组纵向定位连接装置的第一固定装置和第二固定装置焊接在已安装拱架和待安装拱架上，并将连接杆的两端分别卡合在第一固定装置和第二固定装置上，调节好待安装拱架的位置，将螺栓旋入第一螺纹孔和第二螺纹孔，将连接杆和待安装拱架之间进行固定，实现待安装拱架的定位。When in use, weld the first fixing device and the second fixing device of multiple groups of longitudinally positioned connecting devices to the installed arch and the arch to be installed, and respectively engage the two ends of the connecting rod on the first fixing device and the second fixing device. On the second fixing device, adjust the position of the arch to be installed, screw the bolts into the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, fix between the connecting rod and the arch to be installed, and realize the positioning of the arch to be installed.
连接杆的一端为膨大结构，即为连接杆的端部直径大于其主体直径。当第一固定装置的卡合结构的内径小于膨大结构的外径时，膨大结构卡合在卡合结构中，可以实现活动连接，而且可以在外界的作用力下，保证连接的稳定性。One end of the connecting rod has an enlarged structure, that is, the diameter of the end of the connecting rod is larger than that of its main body. When the inner diameter of the engaging structure of the first fixing device is smaller than the outer diameter of the expanded structure, the expanded structure is engaged in the engaging structure, which can realize the flexible connection and ensure the stability of the connection under external force.
球形圆头，是指端部为球形结构、类球形结构或包括球形结构的一部分的结构。由于球形圆头的直径处处相等，且外表面较为光滑，球形圆头可以在容纳腔中旋转，而不会受到容纳腔形状的太大限制。A spherical round head refers to a structure whose end is a spherical structure, a quasi-spherical structure or a part of a spherical structure. Since the diameter of the spherical round head is equal everywhere and the outer surface is relatively smooth, the spherical round head can rotate in the accommodation cavity without being greatly restricted by the shape of the accommodation cavity.
连接杆的球形圆头可以卡合在第二固定装置中，由于球形圆头可以在第二固定装置中旋转，所以可以调整连接杆与第二固定装置的相对位置，不但可以方便连接杆的安装，还方便待安装拱架的位置的调整，实现快速、准确定位。The spherical round head of the connecting rod can be engaged in the second fixing device. Since the spherical round head can rotate in the second fixing device, the relative position of the connecting rod and the second fixing device can be adjusted, which not only facilitates the installation of the connecting rod , It is also convenient to adjust the position of the arch to be installed, and realizes fast and accurate positioning.
由于连接杆的膨大结构与第一固定装置活动安装，所以连接杆可以相对于第一固定装置旋转；将球形圆头卡合在第二固定装置中，调整好拱架的位置后，旋转连接杆，调整球形圆头与第二固定装置的相对位置，使球形圆头的第一螺纹孔和第二固定装置的壳体上的第二螺纹孔相对，将螺栓插入螺纹孔以后，就可以实现球形圆头与第二固定装置的固定连接。Since the enlarged structure of the connecting rod is movably installed with the first fixing device, the connecting rod can rotate relative to the first fixing device; the spherical round head is engaged in the second fixing device, and after adjusting the position of the arch, rotate the connecting rod , adjust the relative position of the spherical round head and the second fixing device, so that the first threaded hole of the spherical round head is opposite to the second threaded hole on the shell of the second fixing device. After inserting the bolt into the threaded hole, the spherical shape can be realized. Fixed connection of the round head to the second fixing means.
优选的，焊接在同一拱架上的第一固定装置和第二固定装置同轴安装。Preferably, the first fixing device and the second fixing device welded on the same arch are installed coaxially.
当第一固定装置和第二固定装置同轴安装时，只要地面是平整的、拱架的规格相等，安装完毕后，同一位置处的连接杆应该在同一直线上，这样才能实现拱架的准确定位安装。When the first fixing device and the second fixing device are installed coaxially, as long as the ground is flat and the specifications of the arch frame are equal, after installation, the connecting rods at the same position should be on the same straight line, so as to realize the accuracy of the arch frame Positioning installation.
优选的，所述卡合结构为轴承夹。Preferably, the engaging structure is a bearing clip.
由于轴承夹的夹持位置开口，可以发生一定的弹性形变，进而容许膨大结构的插入，膨大结构插入后，夹持部位弹性回复，将膨大部位卡住，防止膨大部位的脱离，轴承夹为实现膨大结构与第一固定装置的活动连接提供了可能。Due to the opening of the clamping position of the bearing clip, a certain elastic deformation can occur, thereby allowing the insertion of the enlarged structure. After the expanded structure is inserted, the clamping part elastically recovers, and the enlarged part is blocked to prevent the disengagement of the enlarged part. An articulation of the bulky structure to the first fixing means provides the possibility.
进一步优选的，所述第一固定装置还包括喇叭状导向管，导向管的小径端与轴承夹的入口端固定连接。Further preferably, the first fixing device further includes a trumpet-shaped guide tube, and the small-diameter end of the guide tube is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the bearing clip.
由于喇叭状是缩径结构，包括小径端和大径端，其中的小径端是指半径较小的一端。由于连接杆是需要在拱架安装设备的夹持下安装到轴承夹中的，轴承夹的开口较小，受限于机械操作的精度，可能较难实现将连接杆准确地插入轴承夹中。喇叭状导向管可以扩大轴承夹的入口处的开口，使连接杆可以较为准确地插入导向管中，在连接杆的插入过程中，导向管的内壁提供支持力，使连接杆的膨大结构向轴承夹的开口运动，提高了安装的速度。Since the trumpet shape is a reduced-diameter structure, it includes a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end, wherein the small-diameter end refers to the end with a smaller radius. Since the connecting rod needs to be installed into the bearing clamp under the clamping of the arch installation equipment, the opening of the bearing clamp is small, which is limited by the accuracy of the mechanical operation, and it may be difficult to accurately insert the connecting rod into the bearing clamp. The trumpet-shaped guide tube can enlarge the opening at the entrance of the bearing clamp, so that the connecting rod can be inserted into the guide tube more accurately. During the insertion process of the connecting rod, the inner wall of the guide tube provides support force, so that the enlarged structure of the connecting rod is directed towards the bearing. The opening movement of the clamp increases the speed of installation.
优选的，所述第一固定装置中的喇叭状导向管后部的圆柱部分为中空结构，中空结构内部设置内螺纹，内螺纹与带有外螺纹的螺纹固定管配合，螺纹固定管焊接在拱架上，实现第一固定装置的固定。Preferably, the cylindrical part at the rear of the trumpet-shaped guide pipe in the first fixing device is a hollow structure, and internal threads are arranged inside the hollow structure, and the internal threads cooperate with the threaded fixing pipes with external threads, and the threaded fixing pipes are welded on the arch On the frame, the fixing of the first fixing device is realized.
螺纹固定管的体积较小，方便焊接，螺纹固定管焊接完成后，再将第一固定装置通过螺纹安装在螺纹固定管上，可以更快捷地实现第一固定装置的安装。The threaded fixing pipe has a small volume and is convenient for welding. After the threaded fixing pipe is welded, the first fixing device is mounted on the threaded fixing pipe through threads, so that the installation of the first fixing device can be realized more quickly.
优选的，所述连接杆的膨大部分是环状凸起，环状凸起的外径大于卡合结构的内径。Preferably, the enlarged part of the connecting rod is an annular protrusion, and the outer diameter of the annular protrusion is larger than the inner diameter of the engaging structure.
进一步优选的，所述环状凸起与连接杆的主体部分之间还设置有环形凹槽。Further preferably, an annular groove is further provided between the annular protrusion and the main body of the connecting rod.
轴承夹卡合在环形凹槽中，阻止了连接杆的轴向移动，更精确实现拱架的定位安装。The bearing clip is engaged in the annular groove, which prevents the axial movement of the connecting rod, and more accurately realizes the positioning and installation of the arch.
优选的，所述连接杆主体与球形圆头之间设置有缩径段，球形圆头端的连接杆的直径小于连接杆主体的直径。Preferably, a diameter-reducing section is provided between the main body of the connecting rod and the spherical round head, and the diameter of the connecting rod at the end of the spherical round head is smaller than that of the main body of the connecting rod.
优选的，第二固定装置的中空结构为圆柱形中空结构。Preferably, the hollow structure of the second fixing device is a cylindrical hollow structure.
一种拱架定位连接系统，包括若干个并列连接的拱架，相邻拱架之间连接有若干组纵向定位连接装置，若干组纵向定位装置分布在相邻拱架的拱顶和拱腰处，且连接在拱架相同位置处的纵向定位连接装置在同一直线上。An arch positioning and connection system, including several arches connected in parallel, several groups of longitudinal positioning connection devices are connected between adjacent arches, and several groups of longitudinal positioning devices are distributed at the vaults and waists of adjacent arches , and the longitudinal positioning connecting devices connected at the same position of the arch are on the same straight line.
优选的，所述拱架包括常规方钢、圆钢、工字钢和U型钢拱架以及相对应的约束混凝土拱架。Preferably, the arch includes conventional square steel, round steel, I-beam and U-shaped steel arches and corresponding constrained concrete arches.
优选的，相邻拱架的拱顶上对称连接有两组纵向定位连接装置，两侧拱腰上各连接有一组纵向定位连接装置。Preferably, two sets of longitudinal positioning connecting devices are symmetrically connected to the vaults of adjacent arches, and one set of longitudinal positioning connecting devices are respectively connected to the waists of the arches on both sides.
利用上述纵向定位连接装置进行拱架施工的方法，包括如下步骤：The method for arch construction using the above-mentioned longitudinal positioning connection device includes the following steps:
1)在已安装拱架的设定位置处焊接第一固定装置的螺纹固定管，然后将带有轴承夹的喇叭状导向管安装在固定管上，至少在拱顶和两侧拱腰处各焊接一组第一固定装置；1) Weld the threaded fixing tube of the first fixing device at the set position of the installed arch, and then install the horn-shaped guide tube with bearing clips on the fixing tube, at least at the top of the arch and at the waist of both sides. welding a set of first fixtures;
2)将第二固定装置的两部分对称中空结构包裹住连接杆的球形圆头，然后将包含球形圆头的固定装置焊接在待安装拱架的设定位置处，第二固定装置与第一固定装置的焊接位置相对应；2) The two-part symmetrical hollow structure of the second fixing device is wrapped around the spherical round head of the connecting rod, and then the fixing device including the spherical round head is welded at the set position of the arch to be installed, the second fixing device and the first The welding position of the fixture corresponds to that;
3)在待安装拱架的拱顶处的第二固定装置和球形圆头的螺纹孔中插入螺栓，对连接杆与待安装拱架之间进行固定，其他位置处的第二固定装置内可不插入紧固螺栓，以方便现场拼接；3) Insert bolts into the second fixing device at the vault of the arch to be installed and the threaded hole of the spherical head to fix the connecting rod and the arch to be installed. The second fixing device at other positions may not Insert fastening bolts to facilitate on-site splicing;
4)开动拱架安装机械设备抓举并移动待安装拱架，使拱顶处连接杆的膨大结构插入已安装拱架的拱顶处第一固定装置中，实现拱顶处拱架的纵向连接；4) Start the arch installation mechanical equipment to snatch and move the arch to be installed, so that the enlarged structure of the connecting rod at the vault is inserted into the first fixing device at the vault where the arch has been installed, so as to realize the vertical connection of the arch at the vault;
5)利用球形圆头的转动调整连接杆的角度，配合拱架安装机械进行其余连接杆的连接，实现待安装拱架的精确快速定位连接；5) Use the rotation of the spherical round head to adjust the angle of the connecting rod, and cooperate with the arch installation machine to connect the remaining connecting rods, so as to realize the precise and fast positioning and connection of the arch to be installed;
重复上述步骤完成其余拱架的定位连接；只要不影响安装，以上步骤可互换。Repeat the above steps to complete the positioning and connection of the remaining arches; as long as the installation is not affected, the above steps can be interchanged.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)定位方便灵活，缩短施工周期。应用该装置，仅需移动拱架对准并插入第一固定装置中即可实现拱架纵向连接及精确定位，大大节省施工时间，提高施工安全性。(1) The positioning is convenient and flexible, shortening the construction period. By applying the device, the vertical connection and precise positioning of the arches can be realized only by moving the arches to be aligned and inserted into the first fixing device, which greatly saves construction time and improves construction safety.
(2)安装精度高，球头圆头的设计使得连接杆可以在一定范围内转动，方便连接杆的连接，提高了施工精度；(2) The installation accuracy is high. The design of the ball head and the round head enables the connecting rod to rotate within a certain range, which facilitates the connection of the connecting rod and improves the construction accuracy;
(3)适用范围广，该装置适用于任何截面、类型的钢拱架，尤其适用于机械化安装拱架的现场施工。(3) The scope of application is wide. The device is suitable for any section and type of steel arch, especially for the on-site construction of mechanized installation of the arch.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是第二固定装置结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the second fixing device;
图2是第一固定装置结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the first fixing device;
图3(a)是轴承夹的主视图结构示意图；Fig. 3 (a) is the schematic diagram of the front view structure of the bearing clip;
图3(b)是轴承夹的侧视图结构示意图；Fig. 3 (b) is the side view structure schematic diagram of bearing clip;
图4是连接杆的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of connecting rod;
图5是连接杆与第一固定装置装配完成后的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram after the connecting rod and the first fixing device are assembled;
图6是第一固定装置和第二固定装置在拱架中安装位置示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the first fixing device and the second fixing device in the arch;
图7是该纵向定位连接装置在约束混凝土拱架中的位置示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the position of the longitudinal positioning connection device in the constrained concrete arch.
图中，1、第二固定装置；2、第一固定装置；3、轴承夹；4、螺纹固定管；5、球形圆头；6、连接杆；7、凹槽；8、膨大端头；9、拱架；10、拱顶处第一纵向定位连接装置；11、拱顶处第二纵向定位连接装置；12、拱腰处第一纵向定位连接装置；13、拱腰处第二纵向定位连接装置。In the figure, 1. Second fixing device; 2. First fixing device; 3. Bearing clamp; 4. Thread fixing tube; 5. Spherical round head; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Groove; 8. Expanded end; 9. Arch frame; 10. The first longitudinal positioning connection device at the vault; 11. The second longitudinal positioning connection device at the vault; 12. The first longitudinal positioning connection device at the waist; 13. The second longitudinal positioning at the waist Connect the device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图5和图6所示，一种地下工程支护拱架定位连接装置，包括第二固定装置1、连接杆6、第一固定装置2、螺纹固定管4和轴承夹3。第二固定装置1与第一固定装置2分别焊接在拱架9侧面的两侧，且共轴设置。连接杆6尾部连接已完成拼装的拱架9的第一定位固定装置2，头部连接正在拼装拱架9的第二固定装置1，完成正在拼装拱架9与已拼装完成拱架9之间的定位、固定，从而实现拱架9的快速定位拼装。As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , an underground engineering support arch positioning connection device includes a second fixing device 1 , a connecting rod 6 , a first fixing device 2 , a threaded fixing pipe 4 and a bearing clamp 3 . The second fixing device 1 and the first fixing device 2 are respectively welded on both sides of the side of the arch 9 and arranged coaxially. The tail end of the connecting rod 6 is connected to the first positioning and fixing device 2 of the assembled arch 9, and the head is connected to the second fixing device 1 of the assembling arch 9 to complete the gap between the assembling arch 9 and the assembled arch 9 positioning and fixing, thereby realizing the rapid positioning and assembling of the arch frame 9.
所述的第二固定装置1和第一固定装置2焊接在拱架9两侧的中心位置，且两者共轴安装，成对出现。The second fixing device 1 and the first fixing device 2 are welded at the center positions on both sides of the arch 9, and they are installed coaxially, appearing in pairs.
如图1所示，第二固定装置1为焊接在拱架9上的中空的圆柱体，且中空圆柱体的端头内径小于主体部分，该处的端头是指第二固定装置1远离拱架9的一端，连接杆6通过该端头与第二固定装置1进行连接。第二固定装置1沿轴向对称分为两半，其中一半柱体上设有螺纹孔，该螺纹孔与球形圆头上的螺纹孔配合，将螺栓旋入两者的螺纹孔，便可以将连接杆与第二固定装置1的相对位置进行固定。As shown in Figure 1, the second fixing device 1 is a hollow cylinder welded on the arch 9, and the inner diameter of the end of the hollow cylinder is smaller than the main body, and the end here means that the second fixing device 1 is far away from the arch. One end of the frame 9 through which the connecting rod 6 is connected with the second fixing device 1 . The second fixing device 1 is divided into two halves symmetrically along the axial direction, wherein half of the cylinder is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole cooperates with the threaded hole on the spherical round head, and the bolts are screwed into the threaded holes of the two, so that the The relative position of the connecting rod and the second fixing device 1 is fixed.
由于第二固定装置1的作用是实现与球形圆头5的连接，所以，中空部分的形状并没有严格的限定，可以为圆柱形、球形、椭球形，以及其他的形状，只要球形圆头5在该中空腔室中可以实现自由转动即可。Because the function of the second fixing device 1 is to realize the connection with the spherical head 5, so the shape of the hollow part is not strictly limited, it can be cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoid, and other shapes, as long as the spherical head 5 It only needs to realize free rotation in the hollow chamber.
由于球形圆头5的直径大于第二固定装置1的端头处的内径，且拱架9的材质属于刚性材质，很难发生形变，即球形圆头5单单从端头处塞入第二固定装置绞为困难。所以，将第二固定装置1设置成对分结构，将球形圆头5放置于第二固定装置1的两部分之间以后，将这两部分焊接，即可实现球形圆头5与第一固定装置1的连接。Because the diameter of the spherical round head 5 is greater than the inner diameter at the end of the second fixing device 1, and the material of the arch 9 belongs to rigid material, it is difficult to deform, that is, the spherical round head 5 is simply inserted into the second fixing device from the end. The installation is difficult. Therefore, the second fixing device 1 is arranged in a bisected structure, and after the spherical round head 5 is placed between the two parts of the second fixing device 1, the two parts are welded to realize the fixing of the spherical round head 5 and the first fixing device. Connection of device 1.
如图2所示，所述第一固定装置2包括内部的螺纹固定管4和外部的喇叭状导向固定装置2，喇叭状导向固定装置2的小径端为中空的柱状结构，中空柱状结构的内部设置有内螺纹，螺纹固定管4设置有外螺纹，外螺纹与内螺纹配合，将喇叭状导向固定装置2与螺纹固定管4连接。将螺纹固定管4的一端焊接在拱架9上，再将喇叭状导向固定装置2拧在螺纹固定管4上，实现了第一固定装置2的安装。As shown in Figure 2, the first fixing device 2 includes an internal threaded fixing pipe 4 and an external horn-shaped guiding and fixing device 2, the small-diameter end of the horn-shaped guiding and fixing device 2 is a hollow columnar structure, and the inside of the hollow columnar structure An internal thread is provided, and the threaded fixing pipe 4 is provided with an external thread, and the external thread cooperates with the internal thread to connect the horn-shaped guiding and fixing device 2 with the threaded fixing pipe 4 . One end of the threaded fixing pipe 4 is welded on the arch 9, and then the trumpet-shaped guiding and fixing device 2 is screwed on the threaded fixing pipe 4 to realize the installation of the first fixing device 2.
喇叭状导向固定装置2与螺纹固定管4之间安装轴承夹3。轴承夹3的结构如图3(a)和图3(b)所示，轴承夹3包括环形支撑部和周向分布的六段夹持部，相邻夹持部之间留有一定间隙，六段夹持部向环形支撑部的同一侧凸出，构成类似喇叭状的结构，其中内径较大的一端为轴承夹3的入口，连接杆6的膨大结构从入口端插入，并被夹持部卡合安装。A bearing clamp 3 is installed between the trumpet-shaped guiding and fixing device 2 and the threaded fixing pipe 4 . The structure of the bearing clamp 3 is shown in Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(b). The bearing clamp 3 includes an annular support part and six clamping parts distributed in the circumferential direction. A certain gap is left between adjacent clamping parts. The six-section clamping part protrudes toward the same side of the annular support part, forming a trumpet-like structure, wherein the end with a larger inner diameter is the entrance of the bearing clamp 3, and the enlarged structure of the connecting rod 6 is inserted from the entrance end and is clamped snap-fit installation.
如图4为连接杆6的结构示意图，从左到右依次为球形圆头5、连接杆主体、凹槽7和膨大端头8，凹槽7的外径小于连接杆6主体的外径，膨大端头8的外径大于凹槽7的外径。球形圆头5用于与第二固定装置1的连接，膨大端头8插入第一固定装置2的轴承夹3中，轴承夹3的夹持部抵住凹槽7的内壁，防止连接杆6从第一固定装置2中脱落，实现牢固连接。Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the connecting rod 6, from left to right are the spherical round head 5, the connecting rod main body, the groove 7 and the enlarged end 8, the outer diameter of the groove 7 is smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting rod 6 main body, The outer diameter of the enlarged end 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the groove 7 . The spherical round head 5 is used for connection with the second fixing device 1, and the enlarged end 8 is inserted into the bearing clip 3 of the first fixing device 2, and the clamping part of the bearing clip 3 is against the inner wall of the groove 7, preventing the connecting rod 6 from Comes off from the first fixing device 2 to achieve a firm connection.
凹槽7为环形凹槽，实现凹槽内壁的受力均匀。The groove 7 is an annular groove, which realizes uniform stress on the inner wall of the groove.
球形圆头5上设置有螺纹孔，螺纹孔的设置方向大体垂直于连接杆6的轴线，第二固定装置上的螺纹孔也大体垂直于其轴线，将两者的螺纹孔对齐，便可以将两者的相对位置进行固定。Spherical round head 5 is provided with threaded hole, and the setting direction of threaded hole is substantially perpendicular to the axis of connecting rod 6, and the threaded hole on the second fixing device is also substantially perpendicular to its axis, and both threaded holes are aligned, just can be connected The relative positions of the two are fixed.
膨大端头8的作用是卡合在轴承夹3中，实现活动连接，所以对膨大端头8的形状没有特殊限制，如膨大端头8可以为环状的凸起，也可以是圆台状凸起，甚至可以为其他不规则形状的膨大，为了便于加工和实际工程操作，优选为圆台形端头。The function of the enlarged end 8 is to snap into the bearing clamp 3 to realize a flexible connection, so there is no special restriction on the shape of the enlarged end 8, such as the enlarged end 8 can be a ring-shaped protrusion or a frustum-shaped protrusion. It can even be expanded in other irregular shapes. In order to facilitate processing and actual engineering operations, the frustum-shaped end is preferred.
连接杆主体与球形圆头5连接的是缩径段，图4中，从右到左缩径段的外径逐渐减小。What connects the main body of the connecting rod and the spherical round head 5 is a diameter-reducing section. In FIG. 4 , the outer diameter of the diameter-reducing section decreases gradually from right to left.
该缩径段的设置可以使球形圆头3的直径不至于太大，便于实际的施工操作，同时还可以保证连接杆6具有足够的直径，进而保证足够的连接强度。The setting of the reduced diameter section can prevent the diameter of the spherical head 3 from being too large, which is convenient for actual construction operations, and can also ensure that the connecting rod 6 has a sufficient diameter, thereby ensuring sufficient connection strength.
利用该纵向定位连接装置进行拱架施工的方法，包括如下步骤：The method for arch construction using the longitudinal positioning connection device includes the following steps:
第一步，提前在拱架9的设定位置焊接第一固定装置2的螺纹固定管4，然后将带有轴承夹3的第一固定装置2安装在螺纹固定管4上，完成第一固定装置2的安装。The first step is to weld the threaded fixing pipe 4 of the first fixing device 2 at the set position of the arch 9 in advance, and then install the first fixing device 2 with the bearing clip 3 on the threaded fixing pipe 4 to complete the first fixing Installation of device 2.
第二步，拱架9架设前，连接杆6的球形圆头5放在第二固定装置1的对分的两部分之间，使连接杆6从第二固定装置1的端部穿出，将这两部分合并后焊接成一个整体，实现连接杆6与第二固定装置1的连接。In the second step, before the arch frame 9 is erected, the spherical round head 5 of the connecting rod 6 is placed between the two halves of the second fixing device 1, so that the connecting rod 6 passes through the end of the second fixing device 1, The two parts are combined and then welded into a whole to realize the connection between the connecting rod 6 and the second fixing device 1 .
第三步，将带有连接杆6的第二固定装置1的尾部(与端部相对的一端)焊接在拱架9的既定位置(拱顶、拱腰或拱脚)上，在拱顶两侧对称安装拱顶处第一纵向定位连接装置10和拱顶处第二纵向定位连接装置11，这两个位置处的球形圆头5与第二固定装置1的螺纹孔内拧入螺栓进行固定，其他位置处的球形圆头5不进行螺栓固定(如图7中，拱腰处第一纵向定位连接装置12和拱腰处第二纵向定位连接装置13的球形圆头5不进行螺栓固定)；In the 3rd step, the afterbody (an end opposite to the end) of the second fixing device 1 with connecting rod 6 is welded on the predetermined position (vault, arch waist or arch foot) of arch frame 9, on both ends of arch The first longitudinal positioning connection device 10 at the vault and the second longitudinal positioning connection device 11 at the vault are installed laterally symmetrically, and the spherical round head 5 at these two positions is screwed into the threaded hole of the second fixing device 1 with bolts for fixing , the spherical round head 5 at other positions is not bolted (as shown in Figure 7, the spherical round head 5 of the first longitudinal positioning connecting device 12 at the arch waist and the second longitudinal positioning connecting device 13 at the arch waist are not bolted) ;
第四步，利用拱架安装机械设备抓举并移动拱架9，控制拱顶处连接杆前端的端头插入前一榀拱架第一固定装置2内部的轴承夹3，实现拱架拱顶处纵向连接。The fourth step is to use the arch installation mechanical equipment to snatch and move the arch 9, and insert the end of the connecting rod front end at the top of the arch into the bearing clip 3 inside the first fixing device 2 of the previous arch to realize the arch at the top of the arch. vertical connection.
第五步，利用球形圆头5控制拱架连接杆的转动，配合拱架安装机械进行其余连接杆的定位连接，进而实现拱架的纵向定位连接；The fifth step is to use the spherical round head 5 to control the rotation of the connecting rods of the arch, and cooperate with the installation machinery of the arch to perform positioning and connection of the remaining connecting rods, so as to realize the longitudinal positioning and connection of the arch;
第六步，拱架定位完成后，旋转连接杆6，使球形圆头5的螺纹孔与第二固定装置1的螺纹孔对齐，拧紧螺栓进行固定，然后将拱架固定在隧道壁上。In the sixth step, after the positioning of the arch frame is completed, rotate the connecting rod 6 to align the threaded hole of the spherical round head 5 with the threaded hole of the second fixing device 1, tighten the bolts for fixing, and then fix the arch frame on the tunnel wall.
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围内。Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the scope of protection of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
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