CN106520414A - 一种用茶皂素和蜂蜡生产天然绿色香皂的方法 - Google Patents
一种用茶皂素和蜂蜡生产天然绿色香皂的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用茶皂素和蜂蜡生产天然绿色香皂的方法，以天然蜂蜡和植物油为皂基原料，天然茶皂素为活性成分、添加甘油和香精，从而制得一种天然绿色香皂。具体方法步骤是将蜂蜡加热溶解沉降去除杂质后，按一定比例称取蜂蜡和植物性油，加热混合，待其冷却至40~50℃时加入甘油搅拌混匀，与溶解一定烧碱的蒸馏水皂化反应得皂基，加热溶解后加入茶皂素（添加或不添加香精和色素）搅拌混匀，低温或常温下制模。本发明具有生产设备和生产方法简单、原料全天然无害的优点，同时几乎没有废水、易于处理，对环境没有影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用蜂蜡和茶皂素的生产方法，属于利用蜂蜡、茶皂素和植物油生产香皂领域。
背景技术
香皂是一种不可缺乏的日用洗涤品，传统的香皂是以动、植物性油脂为皂基原料的强碱性肥皂。而植物油弱碱香皂pH比传统香皂低，对皮肤无刺激，不会造成不适感觉或者过敏反应。此外，植物油中含有丰富的营养物质如维生素E、脂溶性植物化学物，具有营养呵护皮肤的作用。因此，植物弱碱香皂越来越受到消费者青睐。
蜂蜡是由蜂群内适龄工蜂腹部的4对蜡腺分泌出来的一种脂肪性物质，其主要成分有：酸类、游离脂肪酸、游离脂肪醇和碳水化合物，此外，还有类胡萝卜素、维生素A、芳香物质等。蜂蜡中酯类和游离脂肪酸含量占到80~90%，酯类和脂肪酸含量丰富，是一种理想的香皂天然皂基原料。
茶皂素，又名茶皂甙。是从茶籽饼粕中提取出的一种皂类，基本结构由三萜皂甙、结构糖、结构酸组成。茶皂素有杀虫、杀菌、刺激植物增长等生物活性和表面活性。茶皂素的水溶液具有表面活性，能够降低水的表面张力，生产持久的泡沫，并有很强的去污能力，且不受水硬度影响。使用茶皂素清洁剂洗涤毛织品或丝织品，能保持织物的鲜艳色彩，延长织物的使用寿命。同时，皂素属天然化合物，易被酶分解成无毒物质，不会污染环境。茶皂素洗头发具有发松、光滑、去头屑、止痒等优点，有洁发护发之功效，故茶皂素是一种优质的天然皂基原料。
目前，大部分香皂制造商以脂肪酸钠和其他化学合成的表面活性剂为主要原料制作香皂，添加品质改良剂和外观改良剂，皮肤长期接触化学合成的物质会对皮肤产生损伤。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用茶皂素和蜂蜡生产天然绿色香皂的方法，简单、安全、高效、天然、无害。
本发明所述的一种用茶皂素和蜂蜡生产天然绿色香皂的方法，包括以下步骤。
（1）通过加热或超声辅助将一定量的茶皂素溶于水，获得30~95%纯度的茶皂素溶液。
（2）加热溶解蜂蜡，将蜂蜡添加到香皂基料中，加入量为香皂基料的质量百分比5~50%，并加入香皂基料质量百分比50~95%的植物油，混合均匀，待其温度下降到40~50℃时，缓慢加入质量百分比浓度为20~30%的烧碱溶液，充分搅拌，进行皂化反应，得到皂基。
（3）皂化反应结束后，加热溶解皂基，加入步骤（1）香皂质量百分比2-10%的茶皂素溶液，搅拌混合；制模，低温放置一夜成型或常温数天后硬化成型。
本发明步骤（2）中，蜂蜡最佳添加量为香皂基料的质量百分比30~40 %；植物油最佳添加量为香皂基料的质量百分比60~70%；烧碱溶液添加量与皂料基料的质量比为0.4:1~0.6:1。
本发明步骤（3）中，茶皂素（按95%纯度计）最适添加量为香皂质量的2~5%。
本发明步骤（3）中，可以添加香精和色素。
茶皂素天然蜂蜡香皂属于植物弱碱香皂，所用的皂基原料（茶皂素、蜂蜡和植物油）都是天然绿色无害的原料，含有丰富的营养物质能滋养皮肤，具有较强的清洁能力。此外，本发明生产方法与传统香皂制造工艺有所不同，对传统制造工艺进行简化，在生产过程中加入了超声处理提高茶皂素溶解效率，从而制备一种茶皂素分布均匀的蜂蜡香皂。
本发明的有益效果是：1、生产出来的茶皂素蜂蜡香皂天然无毒无害，洗涤效果较好，洗后清爽芳香。2、本法生产蜂蜡香皂的工艺简单，所需设备较少，生产成本低。3、本法所用的所有原料天然无毒安全、质量高、色泽浅、不需精炼。4、香皂工艺几乎无废水排出，污染少。
具体实施方式
本发明将通过以下实施例作进一步说明。
实施例1。
称取15g蜂蜡，17.5g椰子油，17.5g茶油加热溶解，搅拌充分混合，温度降至50℃时添加8.5g甘油混合，待皂化反应。0.25gNacl溶解在20ml水中，加入7.25g烧碱，搅拌混匀，待温度冷却至50℃时缓慢加入至混合油中皂化反应硬化成皂基。加热溶解皂基，加入0.4g滑石粉，1.7g茶皂素搅拌均匀，放置模具中，冷却一夜成型，常温下放置数天硬化成样。制成的香皂80g左右，软硬适中，表面光滑，颜色天然浅黄。
起泡去污性实验。
起泡性试验：称取0.1g茶皂素香皂于具塞试管中，加入10ml自来水，加热充分溶解，待冷却后，宁紧具塞，上下摇晃具塞试管2min,测定各试管泡沫高度，进行起泡性实验。
去污试验：准确称取茶油 10.0 g，炭黑 1.6 g，搅拌均匀，放置备用，制成人造污垢。准备好干净的羽毛，称重记为M1，然后将一定量的人造污垢涂抹于羽毛上，称重记为M2，然后再将羽毛浸入上述配好的剩余溶液中摆洗2 min，取出开自来水冲洗2min,冲洗表面粘着物，最后放置于50 ℃的干燥箱中，90 min后取出称重记为M3。
泡沫高度44.5±0.707mm，去污率22.224±0.317%。
实施例2。
称取17.6g蜂蜡，20.5g棕榈油，20.5g橄榄油加热溶解，搅拌充分混合，温度降至50℃时添加5g甘油混合，待皂化反应。0.3gNacl溶解在24ml水中，加入8g烧碱，搅拌混匀，待温度冷却至50℃时缓慢加入至混合油中皂化反应硬化成皂基。加热溶解皂基，加入1.5g香兰素，0.5g滑石粉，2g茶皂素搅拌均匀，放置模具中，冷却一夜成型，常温下放置数天硬化成样。制成的香皂100g左右，软硬适中，表面光滑，颜色天然浅黄。
起泡去污性实验如实施例1中所示，实施例2中香皂泡沫高度41.5±0.707mm，去污率23.417±0.59%。
实施例3。
称取20g蜂蜡，40g椰子油，40g茶油加热溶解，搅拌充分混合，温度降至50℃时添加5g甘油混合，待皂化反应。0.3gNacl溶解在36ml水中，加入12g烧碱，搅拌混匀，待温度冷却至50℃时缓慢加入至混合油中皂化反应硬化成皂基。加热溶解皂基，加入0.5g滑石粉，2g茶皂素搅拌均匀，放置模具中，冷却一夜成型，常温下放置数天硬化成样。制成的香皂140g左右，软硬适中，表面光滑，颜色天然乳白。
起泡去污性实验如实施例1中所示，实施例3中香皂泡沫高度25±4.243mm，去污率20.052±0.073%。
实施例 4。
称取50g蜂蜡，30g棕榈油，20g葵花油加热溶解，搅拌充分混合，温度降至50℃时添加5g甘油混合，待皂化反应。0.3gNacl溶解在36ml水中，加入12g烧碱，搅拌混匀，待温度冷却至50℃时缓慢加入至混合油中皂化反应硬化成皂基。加热溶解皂基，加入1.5g香兰素，0.5g滑石粉，2g茶皂素搅拌均匀，放置模具中，冷却一夜成型，常温下放置数天硬化成样。制成的香皂140g左右，软硬适中，表面光滑，颜色深黄。
起泡去污性实验如实施例1中所示，实施例4中香皂泡沫高度34.5±0.605mm，去污率21.132±0.182%。
Claims (6)
1.一种用茶皂素和蜂蜡生产天然绿色香皂的方法，其特征是包括以下步骤：
（1）通过加热或超声辅助将茶皂素溶于水，获得30~95%纯度的茶皂素溶液；
（2）加热溶解蜂蜡，将蜂蜡添加到香皂基料中，加入量为香皂基料的质量百分比5~50%，并加入香皂基料质量百分比50~95%的植物油，混合均匀，待其温度下降到40~50℃时，缓慢加入质量百分比浓度为20~30%的烧碱溶液，充分搅拌，进行皂化反应，得到皂基；
（3）皂化反应结束后，加热溶解皂基，加入步骤（1）香皂质量百分比2-10%的茶皂素溶液，搅拌混合；制模，低温放置一夜成型或常温数天后硬化成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是步骤（2）中，蜂蜡添加量为香皂基料的质量百分比30~40 %。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是步骤（2）中，植物油添加量为香皂基料的质量百分比60~70%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是步骤（2）中，烧碱溶液添加量与皂料基料的质量比为0.4:1~0.6:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是步骤（3）中，按95%纯度计，茶皂素添加量为香皂质量的2~5%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是步骤（3）中添加香精和色素。
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