CN106501103A - A kind of decay test device and method - Google Patents
A kind of decay test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106501103A CN106501103A CN201610917118.XA CN201610917118A CN106501103A CN 106501103 A CN106501103 A CN 106501103A CN 201610917118 A CN201610917118 A CN 201610917118A CN 106501103 A CN106501103 A CN 106501103A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
- G01N2203/0238—Inert
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
- G01N2203/024—Corrosive
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of decay test device and method, decay test device includes box body, upper load plate and fatigue machine；The upper loading clamping device of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the upper load plate；The lower loading clamping device of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the bottom of the box body；It is test for testpieces to be placed in box body, on the top surface of testpieces, testpieces is clamped the upper load plate top pressure by the base plate of box body and upper load plate.The device can simulate temperature, acid rain, villaumite and the coefficient operating mode of bullet train load, so as to more really draw dynamic property Decay Law of the non-fragment orbit cement-based material in actual moving process, so as to be that the prediction of non-fragment orbit fatigue life and maintenance provide effective, reliable test data, to improve ride comfort, comfortableness and the safety of high-speed railway operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of rail traffic, declines more particularly, to a kind of non-fragment orbit cement-based material dynamic property
Become assay device and method.
Background technology
Non-fragment orbit is used as the main track structure pattern of China's high ferro, the spy with high smooth-going, high stable and few maintenance
Point.Different from the granular ballast bed of traditional Ballast track, non-fragment orbit mainly adopts armored concrete, emulsification asphalt cement mortar
Cement-based materials such as (CA mortars) is constructed.CRTS I-type plate-type non-fragment orbits are, during China's high ferro is built, there is wide variety of rail
Road form, its structure composition are mainly rail, fastener, track plates, CA slurry placement layer adjustment layer, convex blocking platform, concrete bottom
Seat etc..The reasons such as the complexity due to the multiformity of non-fragment orbit composition material, the repeatability of imposed load and operating environment,
Gradually trauma is degenerated unavoidably to occur various Structural defects, material property during one's term of military service.
Easily there are following several diseases in CRTS I-type plate-types non-fragment orbit：
1. track plates ftracture.In the presence of train load, it is perpendicular that track plates are subject to the repeated action of bending dynamic load to occur
To crackle, the generation of crackle makes the reinforcing bar in track plates be directly exposed in air, and meeting accelerated erosion ion is in track plates
Diffusion, cause steel bar corrosion, so as to the damage of acceleration orbit plate.
2. track plates are damaged.As the concrete around fastener has stress concentration, under the repeated action of train load,
Easily there is breakage in the concrete of stress concentration position.
3. non-fragment orbit interlayer draws water.For frame-type non-fragment orbit, precipitation can make track plates inside groove hydrops occur.Hydrops
Penetrate down into, make screed become fragile.
Block is fallen in 4.CA mortar breakages.Under High-speed Train Loads, the CA screeds after becoming fragile will be easy to breakage occur, and
Engender extrusion, fall the situation of block.
As the structure of non-fragment orbit bears the work of repetition train load and multiple environmental attacks under arms in process for a long time
With in the coupling that the research to its structure and material must take into train load and environmental attack.Tired for concrete
The cause of labor load and environment coupled action is damaged problem, Xi, MITSURU S., Xiang etc. and has carried out concrete axle center compression fatigue
With transporting of the chloride ion in concrete and infiltrative research under chlorine ion binding capacity reciprocal action, but for concrete fatigue
The research of performance is unknown；Kuhl, Postolopoulos have studied accumulation and corrode the low-cycle fatigue to armored concrete
Can, it is believed that corroding to cause reinforcing bar ductility in fatigue process largely to reduce；Beijing Jiaotong University Zhai Song peaks, Dalian University of Science ＆ Engineering are big
The fatigue effect that learns under business bosom is handsome, Fagerlund is acted on to the freeze-thaw cycle and uniaxial load of concrete is studied, and is set up
The Fatigue Damage Equation of freeze thawing.In terms of to the deterioration of CA mortars and the research of endurance quality, Wuhan University of Technology Wang Fazhou, king
Great waves, Hu Shuguang etc. are respectively directed to 18 DEG C, 20 DEG C and -20 DEG C of ambient temperature and establish CA mortars times of fatigue and stress level phase
The simulation equation of closing property；CA mortars under Zhejiang Polytechnical University's Mao Jinda simulation tests load-vibration-high and low temperature environment resist tired
Labor performance；Beijing Jiaotong University Hu Huafeng etc. is directed to severe cold area CA mortar frost resistances, cryogenic mechanics performance and 10-40Hz frequencies
The fatigue behaviour of 3,500,000 times carried out experimental study.
As the load testing machine design of fatigue and environment coupled action is complicated, existing experimental study scheme focuses mostly on
In the effect of the coupling to testpieces of dead load and environmental factorss, more than cyclic load and environmental attack by the way of alternating action
Indirect Loaded, this are not inconsistent with the practical situation of Train induced load and environmental attack coupling in high-speed railway circuit.For CA
The research of the fatigue-environment coupled action of mortar is then more based on fatigue-temperature coupling, and rarely seen water erosion, salt corrosion etc. are acted on
The research of lower CA mortar fatigue behaviours.
Content of the invention
The primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of non-fragment orbit cement-based material dynamic property decay test device, should
Device can simulate temperature, acid rain, villaumite and the coefficient operating mode of bullet train load, so as to more really draw without tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. rail
Dynamic property Decay Law of the road cement-based material in actual moving process, so as to the prediction for non-fragment orbit fatigue life and
Maintenance provides effective, reliable test data, to improve ride comfort, comfortableness and the safety of high-speed railway operation.
Another object of the present invention is to providing a kind of using above-mentioned non-fragment orbit cement-based material dynamic property decay
The method that assay device carries out dynamic property decay test to non-fragment orbit cement-based material.
For achieving the above object, a kind of decay test device that the present invention is provided, which includes box body, upper load plate and fatigue
Testing machine；
The upper loading clamping device of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the upper load plate；
The lower loading clamping device of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the bottom of the box body；
Be test for testpieces to be placed in box body, the upper load plate top pressure on the top surface of testpieces, the bottom of box body
Testpieces is clamped by plate and upper load plate.
Further, it is provided with the box body for simulating the liquid of corrosive atmosphere；Preferably, the liquid is
Water, acid solution or saline solution.
Further, lower load plate is provided with the box body, and lower load plate is fixedly connected with the base plate of box body；The examination
Test part to be placed in lower load plate, the testpieces is clamped by upper and lower load plate.
Wherein, lower load plate is preferably fixed on the base plate of box body by welding manner.
Further, the upper load plate is rectangle, and the both sides of upper load plate bottom surface are provided with down in convex bar shaped and load
Head；Or, the upper load plate is circle, and upper load plate bottom surface is not provided with down convex upper loading head.
Further, the both sides of the lower loading plate top surface are provided with loading head under convex strip.
When decay test is carried out to CA mortar tests part, the upper and lower cylinder of the CA mortar test parts of cylinder is straight respectively
Connect on the upper load plate bottom surface and lower load plate upper surface that abut in circle.
And testpieces be concrete test part when, the testpieces of box-shaped is placed on the upper load plate and lower load plate of rectangle
Between, the upper and lower loading head in upper and lower load plate is acted against in the upper and lower surface of concrete test part respectively.
Further, the loading head is the strip projected parts arranged along the upper and lower load plate edge.Preferably, described
Loading head and load plate are integrally formed, it is preferable that formed by one piece of steel plate machining.
Further, the end that the loading head is contacted with testpieces is circular arc.The round and smooth setting of loading head, to avoid
In sharp so as to direct failure test part.
Further, the lower load plate is rectangular slab, and the length of lower load plate is 2-4 times of width, it is further preferable that
The length of lower load plate is width for 3 times；
The upper load plate is rectangular slab or circular slab；The consistency of thickness of upper and lower load plate；The width of upper load plate or
Person's diameter is consistent with the width of lower load plate.
Wherein, box body is preferably welded by steel plate, is connected between the side plate and base plate of box body by the way of welding.
In concrete Dynamic performance examination, upper load plate is rectangular slab；In CA mortar Dynamic performance examinations, upper loading plate shape
The preferably round steel plate of shape.
Further, the box body inner surface is provided with for preventing the coating that corrodes, and the coating is preferably ring
Oxygen tree lipid layer.
Further, the heating list for being heated to the liquid or gas in box body is provided with the box body
Unit, and the temperature measuring equipment for the liquid or gas temperature in measuring box body.
Preferably, the heating unit is electrically heated rod；Temperature measuring equipment is thermometer or temperature sensor.
By arrange heating unit and temperature measuring equipment can with the temperature value for being modeled environment in damper box body, so as to
The affecting parameters coupling of temperature is entered, so as to truly reduce the working environment residing for non-fragment orbit.
Further, the decay test device is also included for sealing the lid of the box body upper opening；
The upper loading clamping device of the fatigue machine is connected with the upper load plate by upper connecting pole；Set on lid
Be equipped with through hole, the upper connecting pole upper end be connected with upper loading clamping device, the lower end of upper connecting pole pass through the through hole with upper
Load plate connects.
Further, it is slidingly sealed between the upper connecting pole and the through hole.
By arranging lid, can simulate under different temperatures, corrosiveness of the air of different pH values to testpieces, mesh
Before, due to the excessive development of industry, worse and worse, thus the influence factor of air quality has to take into account that air quality.
Further, the decay test device also includes blower fan, be provided with the box body or lid air inlet and
Air outlet, blower fan are connected with air inlet by pipeline；Air speed measuring apparatus are provided with the box body.
By arranging blower fan, then can be by dynamics such as the environmental factorss such as air quality, temperature and wind speed and train loads
Factor is coupled, so as to more realistically show that dynamic property of the non-fragment orbit cement-based material in actual moving process declines
Become rule, so as to be that the prediction of non-fragment orbit fatigue life and maintenance provide effective, reliable test data, to improve high-speed iron
The ride comfort of road operation, comfortableness and safety.
Further, the lower loading clamping device of the fatigue machine is solid with the bottom of the box body by lower connecting pole
Fixed connection.
Wherein, upper and lower connecting pole is preferably hard metal post, such as steel column etc..
Further, the testpieces includes non-fragment orbit cement-based material concrete test part and CA mortar test parts.
The decay test device that the present invention is provided has some beneficial effect following：
(1) fatigue behaviour of various cement sill in non-fragment orbit can be studied.
Used as the part of most critical in ballastless track structure, the change of concrete railway board and CA screed material properties is right
The integrally-built mechanical property of non-fragment orbit has conclusive impact, by determining under train load and environmental attack coupling
The numerical value of the mechanical property such as concrete and CA mortar material intensity, elastic modelling quantity, research fatigue load and environmental attack coupling are made
With lower concrete and CA mortar material performance degradation rules；
(2) impact of multiple environmental factorss can be considered.
As ballastless track structure is chronically exposed in atmospheric environment, concrete railway board and CA mortars will inevitably
Corroded by environmental load.This test tool can be acted on to concrete with multiple environmental loads such as analog temperature, acid rain, villaumite
With the impact of CA mortar fatigue behaviours, non-fragment orbit key structure material under train load and environmental load collective effect is studied
The Changing Pattern of performance.
With certain fatigue life cycle as a loading cycle, parsed in different loading cycles using Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement
Data such as the intensity of concrete or CA mortars, elastic modelling quantity and fracture width, depth afterwards.By being sampled to test component point
Analysis determines erosion condition of the salt ion to concrete.
For realizing the object of the invention, present invention also offers a kind of decay test system using above-mentioned decay test device
System, which also includes processor and display, the processor and the heating unit, temperature measuring equipment, air speed measuring apparatus with
And blower fan connection.
Further, drimeter is provided with the box body；Preferably, drimeter is connected with the processor.
For realizing the object of the invention, present invention also offers a kind of utilize above-mentioned decay test device to non-fragment orbit cement
The test method of sill dynamic property decay test, the test method specifically include following steps：
S1. the initial intensity level of concrete test part or CA mortar test parts is determined；
S2. testpieces is placed on lower loading head or lower load plate；
S3. loading environment is arranged；
Ambient As are specifically included：
1) corrosive atmosphere；According to the needs of test, water, corrosive gas, acid solution or saline solution is added into box body
Simulation corrosive atmosphere；
2) noncorrosive atmospheric environment；I.e. in the case where water, corrosive gas, acid solution or saline solution is added without,
In dry conditions, the dynamic property decay test data of concrete and CA mortars under different High-speed Train Loads are simulated；
S4. temperature setting is loaded；By being turned on or off heating unit, gas or liquid in box body is made to be heated to setting
Constant temperature degree；
S5. start fatigue machine, fatigue machine applies to set to testpieces by upper load plate, lower load plate/box body
Determine the load of frequency, amplitude and cycle-index, to simulate load of the different trains with friction speed to rail effect；
Wherein, the axle of different trains is simulated by adjustment loading stress size again, and different operation speed per hours are added by adjustment
Carrier frequency rate is realizing simulating；
S6. fatigue machine, the number such as the residual intensity of experiment with measuring part, elastic modelling quantity and fracture width, depth are stopped
According to completing the load test of a cycle；
S7. repeat step S1-6, completes the load test in multiple cycles, obtains different temperatures, acid rain, salt geology, tide
Under the varying environment such as wetland matter etching condition and different High-speed Train Loads, the dynamic property decay test data of testpieces are obtained
Go out in train load coaxially not weigh, under friction speed and varying environment etching condition collective effect, non-fragment orbit cement matrix
The rule of material Performance Decay.
Further, the test method also includes processing test data, measures after loading number of times according to difference
The intensity of testpieces concrete or CA mortars, elastic mould value, can obtain concrete or CA mortars under different load actions
The deterioration rule of material property, fits the fatigue defect curve of concrete railway board or CA screeds.
Further, the test method also includes：
S8. the measure of testpieces ion diffusion rates, carries out core boring sampling to testpieces center after the completion of fatigue loading, right
Core sample carries out hierarchy slicing grinding, titrates the concentration of every layer of sample intermediate ion, and coaxially heavy, the train lotus of friction speed is obtained
Under load effect, diffusion rate of the ion in non-fragment orbit cement-based material.
Further, also include processing testpieces according to test objective in step S2：
If corrosivity of the research environment to non-fragment orbit cement-based material, directly non-fragment orbit cement-based material can be tested
Part is placed on lower loading head or lower steel plate；
If research permeability test of the ion in non-fragment orbit cement-based material, non-fragment orbit cement-based material is tried
Its lap that tests beyond part permeable face coats waterproof material.
Further, the test method also includes：
S0. pour and maintenance testpieces；Type and mechanical property according to the non-fragment orbit cement-based material of required research
Pour testpieces.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be realized to bullet train, general fast car by arranging different loading frequencies
Experimental study with the dynamic property Decay Law of non-fragment orbit cement-based material under the different operation conditions such as general fast lorry.Separately
Outward, by carrying out train load and environmental attack coupling loading, can realize under train load and environmental attack coupling without the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc.
The experimental study of the dynamic property Decay Law of track cement-based material.
In addition, the present invention has taken into full account the dynamic of concrete and mortar material under train load and environmental attack coupling
State property energy decay prohlem, under the fatigue deterioration and multiple natural environment concrete and CA mortars under High-speed Train Loads is corroded
Deterioration combine, the load-bearing situation of non-fragment orbit cement-based material under different operation conditions can be simulated, there is provided train load
With the test data of non-fragment orbit cement material dynamic property decay under environmental load coupling, ballastless track structure is destroyed
Research and prediction more accurately and reliably the prediction in ballastless track structure life-span and the determination of maintenance cycle can be provided theoretical
Basis.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art below will be to concrete
Needed for embodiment or description of the prior art, accompanying drawing to be used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid
Put, can be with according to these other accompanying drawings of accompanying drawings acquisition.
Fig. 1 is the front view of the decay test device of concrete test part provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Transverse sectional views of the Fig. 2 for Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the front view of the decay test device of CA mortar tests part provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Transverse sectional views of the Fig. 4 for Fig. 3；
The front view of the decay test device of another kind of way of example that Fig. 5 is provided for the present invention；
The flow chart of the test method that Fig. 6 is provided for the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that different loading frequencies are advised to the change of the impact that modulus of elasticity of concrete changes in embodiment of the present invention test
Rule figure；
Fig. 8 is that different loading frequencies are advised to the change of the impact that concrete flexural strength changes in embodiment of the present invention test
Rule figure；
Fig. 9 is that different stress levels are advised to the change of the impact that modulus of elasticity of concrete changes in embodiment of the present invention test
Rule figure；
Figure 10 is change of the different stress levels to impact that concrete flexural strength changes in embodiment of the present invention test
Rule figure；
Figure 11 be in embodiment of the present invention test under different loading frequencies in concrete free chloride ion concentration with concrete
The Changing Pattern figure of depth；
Figure 12 be in embodiment of the present invention test under different stress levels in concrete free chloride ion concentration with concrete
The changing trend diagram of depth.
Reference：
1- testpieces；2- liquid；
10- box bodys；11- air inlets；
12- air outlets；15- lids；
The upper load plates of 20-；The upper loading heads of 21-；
Load plate under 25-；Loading head under 26-；
Clamping device is loaded on 30-；The upper connecting poles of 31-；
Clamping device is loaded under 35-；Connecting pole under 36-；
40- heating units；45- temperature measuring equipments；
48- air speed measuring apparatus.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described enforcement
Example is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Embodiment in based on the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made by personnel, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
With reference to specific embodiment the present invention will be further explained explanation.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-4, a kind of decay test device that the present embodiment is provided, which includes box body 10,20 and of upper load plate
Fatigue machine；
The upper loading clamping device 30 of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with upper load plate 20；
The lower loading clamping device 35 of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the bottom of box body 10；
Be test for testpieces 1 to be placed in box body 10,20 top pressure of upper load plate on the top surface of testpieces 1, box body 10
Base plate and upper load plate 20 testpieces 1 is clamped.
It is provided with box body 10 for simulating the liquid 2 of corrosive atmosphere；Wherein, different according to corrosive atmosphere, liquid 2
It is divided into water, acid solution or saline solution.
Lower load plate 25 is provided with box body 10, lower load plate 25 is fixedly connected with the base plate of box body 10；Testpieces 1 is placed
In lower load plate 25, testpieces 1 is clamped by upper load plate 20 and lower load plate 25.
Wherein, lower load plate 25 is preferably fixed on by welding manner on the base plate of box body 10.
As shown in Figure 1-2, the both sides of 20 bottom surface of upper load plate are provided with down convex upper loading head 21；Lower 25 top surface of load plate
Both sides be provided with convex lower loading head 26.
As shown in Figure 3-4, when decay test is carried out to CA mortar tests part, cylinder CA mortar tests part 1 upper,
Lower cylinder is bearing directly against on 20 bottom surface of load plate and lower 25 upper surface of load plate respectively.
And testpieces 1 be concrete test part when, the testpieces 1 of box-shaped is placed on load plate 20 and lower load plate 25
Between, upper loading head 21 and lower loading head 26 in upper load plate 20 and lower load plate 25 act against concrete test part respectively
In upper and lower surface.
Wherein, loading head is the strip projected parts arranged along upper load plate 20 and lower 25 edge of load plate.Preferably, loading head
It is integrally formed with load plate, it is preferable that formed by one piece of steel plate machining.
The end that loading head is contacted with testpieces 1 is circular arc.The round and smooth setting of loading head, to avoid being excessively sharp so as to straight
Connect failure test part 1.
Lower load plate 25 is rectangular slab, and the length of lower load plate 25 is 2-4 times of width, it is further preferable that lower load plate
25 length is width for 3 times；
Upper load plate 20 is rectangular slab or circular slab；Upper load plate 20 and the consistency of thickness of lower load plate 25；Upper loading
The width or diameter of plate 20 are consistent with the width of lower load plate 25.
Wherein, box body 10 is preferably welded by steel plate, between the side plate and base plate of box body 10 by the way of welding
Connection.
In concrete Dynamic performance examination, upper load plate 20 is rectangular slab；In CA mortar Dynamic performance examinations, upper load plate
The preferably round steel plate of 20 shapes.
10 inner surface of box body is provided with for preventing the coating that corrodes, and coating is preferably epoxy resin layer.
The heating unit 40, Yi Jiyong for being heated to liquid 2 or gas in box body 10 is provided with box body 10
In the temperature measuring equipment 45 for measuring liquid 2 or gas temperature in box body 10.
Preferably, heating unit 40 is electrically heated rod；Temperature measuring equipment 45 is thermometer or temperature sensor.
The temperature for being modeled environment in box body 10 can be adjusted by arranging heating unit 40 and temperature measuring equipment 45
Value, so as to the affecting parameters coupling by temperature is entered, so that truly reduce the working environment residing for non-fragment orbit.
In addition, the present invention is more excellent be preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 5, decay test device is also included for sealing
The lid 15 of 10 upper opening of box body；
The upper loading clamping device 30 of fatigue machine is connected with upper load plate 20 by upper connecting pole 31；Set on lid 15
Through hole is equipped with, 31 upper end of upper connecting pole is connected with upper loading clamping device 30, the lower end of upper connecting pole 31 is added through through hole with upper
Support plate 20 connects.
It is slidingly sealed between upper connecting pole 31 and through hole.
By arranging lid 15, can simulate under different temperatures, the air of different pH values is made to the corrosion of testpieces 1
With at present, due to the excessive development of industry, worse and worse, thus the influence factor of air quality has to take into account that air quality.
Decay test device also includes being provided with air inlet 11 and air outlet 12, wind on blower fan, box body 10 or lid 15
Machine is connected with air inlet 11 by pipeline；Air speed measuring apparatus 48 are provided with box body 10.
By arranging blower fan, then can be by dynamics such as the environmental factorss such as air quality, temperature and wind speed and train loads
Factor is coupled, so as to more realistically show that dynamic property of the non-fragment orbit cement-based material in actual moving process declines
Become rule, so as to be that the prediction of non-fragment orbit fatigue life and maintenance provide effective, reliable test data, to improve high-speed iron
The ride comfort of road operation, comfortableness and safety.
The lower loading clamping device 35 of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the bottom of box body 10 by lower connecting pole 36.
Wherein, upper connecting pole 31 and lower connecting pole 36 are preferably hard metal post, such as steel column etc..
Testpieces 1 includes non-fragment orbit cement-based material concrete test part and CA mortar tests part 1.
Present invention also offers a kind of decay test system using above-mentioned decay test device, its also include processor and
Display, processor are connected with heating unit 40, temperature measuring equipment 45, air speed measuring apparatus 48 and blower fan.
In addition, can also set up drimeter in box body 10；Drimeter is connected with processor.
Embodiment 2
For realizing the object of the invention, present invention also offers a kind of utilize above-mentioned decay test device to non-fragment orbit cement
The test method of sill dynamic property decay test, test method specifically include following steps：
S0. pour and maintenance testpieces 1；Type and mechanical property according to the non-fragment orbit cement-based material of required research
Pour testpieces 1.
S1. the initial intensity level of non-fragment orbit cement-based material testpieces is determined；
S2. testpieces 1 is processed according to test objective：
If corrosivity of the research environment to non-fragment orbit cement-based material, directly non-fragment orbit cement-based material can be tested
Part 1 is placed in lower loading head 26 or lower load plate 25；
If research permeability test of the ion in non-fragment orbit cement-based material, non-fragment orbit cement-based material is tried
Its lap that tests beyond 1 permeable face of part coats waterproof material.
After process, testpieces 1 is placed on lower loading head 26 or lower load plate 25；
S3. loading environment is arranged；
Ambient As are specifically included：
1) corrosive atmosphere；According to the needs of test, into box body 10, add water, corrosive gas, acid solution or salt molten
Liquid simulates corrosive atmosphere；
2) noncorrosive atmospheric environment；I.e. in the case where water, corrosive gas, acid solution or saline solution is added without,
In dry conditions, the dynamic property decay test data of concrete and CA mortars under different High-speed Train Loads are simulated；
S4. temperature setting is loaded；By being turned on or off heating unit 40, add gas or liquid 2 in box body 10
Heat is to design temperature；
S5. start fatigue machine, fatigue machine is by upper load plate 20,25/ box body 10 of lower load plate to testpieces 1
Apply the load of setpoint frequency, amplitude and cycle-index, to simulate load of the different trains with friction speed to rail effect；
Wherein, the axle of different trains is simulated by adjustment loading stress size again, and different operation speed per hours are added by adjustment
Carrier frequency rate is realizing simulating；
S6. fatigue machine, the number such as the residual intensity of experiment with measuring part 1, elastic modelling quantity and fracture width, depth are stopped
According to completing the load test of a cycle；
S7. repeat step S1-6, completes the load test in multiple cycles, obtains different temperatures, acid rain, salt geology, tide
Under the varying environment such as wetland matter etching condition and different High-speed Train Loads, the dynamic property decay test data of testpieces 1 are obtained
Go out in train load coaxially not weigh, under friction speed and varying environment etching condition collective effect, non-fragment orbit cement matrix
The rule of material Performance Decay.
Test method also includes processing test data, measures 1 concrete of testpieces after loading number of times according to difference
Intensity, elastic mould value, can obtain non-fragment orbit cement-based material material property under different load actions deterioration rule
Rule, fits the fatigue defect curve of concrete railway board or CA screeds.
When determination test part ion diffusion rates are needed, drill core is carried out to 1 center of testpieces after the completion of fatigue loading and is taken
Sample, carries out hierarchy slicing grinding to core sample, titrate the concentration of every layer of sample intermediate ion, be obtained coaxially do not weigh, friction speed
Under High-speed Train Loads, diffusion rate of the ion in non-fragment orbit cement-based material.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be realized to bullet train, general fast car by arranging different loading frequencies
Experimental study with the dynamic property Decay Law of non-fragment orbit cement-based material under the different operation conditions such as general fast lorry.Separately
Outward, by carrying out train load and environmental attack coupling loading, can realize under train load and environmental attack coupling without the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc.
The experimental study of the dynamic property Decay Law of track cement-based material.
In test, loading equipemtn and testing tool also include：MTS, multifunctional concrete nondestructive detection system, notebook electricity
Brain, pressure testing machine, corning machine, balance.
The operating condition of test of the assay device of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in table 1.
1 operating condition of test of table
| Operating mode one | Train load is individually loaded |
| Operating mode two | Train load and erosion carbon dioxide coupling loading |
| Operating mode three | Train load and the coupling loading that heats up |
| Operating mode four | Train load, erosion carbon dioxide and the coupling loading that heats up |
For train load, three kinds of trains running in the existing non-fragment orbit of China, i.e. bullet train, general fast car and general
Fast lorry, the eigenvalue of its train load are as shown in table 2.Special according to the corresponding train load of train load object select of research
Value indicative is loaded.
2 train load eigenvalue of table
| Load species | Axle weight | Stress level | Design speed per hour | Loading frequency |
| Bullet train | 15t | 0.3～0.5 | 200km/h～350km/h | 22Hz～39Hz |
| General fast car | 15t | 0.3～0.5 | 120km/h～160km/h | 13Hz～18Hz |
| General fast lorry | 30t | 0.5～0.7 | 120km/h | ≤13Hz |
For erosion carbon dioxide, the geogen according to residing for research rail track is loaded, such as rainy
Area carries out water erosion loading, and coastal area carries out Chloride Attack loading, and many Acid Rain Areas carry out acid solution and corrode loading etc..
For intensification, the frock of the embodiment of the present invention can be heated to testpieces by the way of heating in water bath.
The non-fragment orbit cement-based material dynamic property Decay Law of this patent assay device research is concrete and CA sand
The Decay Law of mechanical property under slurry Fatigue Load.
Wherein, if research concrete Bending Fatigue Behavior, pour testpieces Dimensions for 400mm × 100mm ×
The prism bending test part of 100mm；If the compression fatigue performance of research CA mortars, testpieces outward appearance is poured for basal diameter
50mm, the cylinder test part of high 50mm.
Its data processing is as follows：
According to intensity, elastic mould value that concrete is measured after different loading number of times, can obtain non-fragment orbit cement based
The deterioration rule of material material property under different load actions, fits the fatigue defect of concrete railway board or CA screeds
Curve.
Using above assay device and Test Research concrete material flexural fatigue performance and chloride permeability performance
Concrete test parameterss and result as follows：
In test, the concrete prism bending test part that testpieces specification is 400mm × 100mm × 100mm is poured；
In test procedure S2, due to needing to study diffusibility of the chloride ion in concrete, need to concrete test part
All faces beyond tension face apply one layer of epoxy resin and carry out water-proofing treatment；
NaC l solution of the liquid in box body for concentration 10%.
In step S4, intensification setting is not carried out, tested at room temperature.
In step S5, arranging load is：Under conditions of stress level is 0.3, frequency takes 10Hz, 15Hz and 20Hz respectively；
Under conditions of frequency is 15Hz, stress level takes 0.3,0.5 and 0.7 respectively.(in prior art, concrete fatigue test plus
Carrier frequency rate is normally no higher than 10Hz, and the speed of service of bullet train is 200km/h～350km/h, the operation speed of general fast train
Spend for 120km/h～160km/h, corresponding train load frequency is respectively 22Hz～39Hz and 13Hz～18Hz, thus, existing
The loading frequency of test does not meet the eigenvalue of train load frequency).
After concrete fatigue test, the rule of rupture strength and elastic modelling quantity decay is as shown in Fig. 7-8 and Fig. 9-10.Wherein,
Fig. 7 and 8 is respectively the impact that different loading frequencies change to modulus of elasticity of concrete and rupture strength；Fig. 9 and 10 is respectively not
With the impact that stress level changes to modulus of elasticity of concrete and rupture strength.
In Fig. 7 and 8, r represents that the stress level of testpieces loading, f represent the frequency of testpieces loading.In relatively Fig. 7 and 8
Stress level is all Loading frequency under conditions of 0.3 and is taken knowable to the testpieces of 10Hz, 15Hz and 20Hz respectively：
1. in the case where initial elastic modulus and rupture strength are close to, springform of the Loading frequency for the testpieces of 10Hz
The speed that amount and rupture strength decline is most fast, and when loading number of times is 2,000,000 times or so, elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength decline respectively
6.3GPa and 0.97MPa.
2. Loading frequency for 15Hz testpieces and Loading frequency for 20Hz testpieces load number of times less when, elasticity
The Mean Speed that modulus and rupture strength decline is close to, when loading number of times is 2,000,000 times or so, test of the Loading frequency for 15Hz
Part elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength reduce 4.40GPa and 0.46MPa respectively, Loading frequency for 20Hz testpieces elastic modelling quantity and
Rupture strength reduces 4.40GPa and 0.55MPa respectively.
3. Loading frequency is lower, and testpieces elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength assume " staged " downward trend from image
More obvious, the flex point for occurring being decreased obviously is more early；Frequency is higher, the decline that its elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength are presented from figure
Curve is more smooth, and the flex point for occurring being decreased obviously is more late.
In Fig. 9 and 10, r represents that the stress level of testpieces loading, f represent the frequency of testpieces loading.Relatively Fig. 9 and 10
In where frequency be all stress level under conditions of 15Hz and take 0.3,0.5 and 0.7 testpieces respectively and understand：
1. in the case where initial elastic modulus and rupture strength have differences, stress level is higher, testpieces springform
The decline of amount and rupture strength is more obvious.Stress level is 0.7 testpieces initial elastic modulus and rupture strength highest, loads
When number of times is 1,500,000 times, its elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength decline 7.41GPa and 0.96MPa respectively, and when completing fatigue loading
Then decline 15.01GPa and 2.06MPa respectively；Stress level is that 0.5 testpieces initial elastic modulus and rupture strength take second place,
When loading number of times is 1,500,000 times, its elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength decline 3.01GPa and 0.58MPa respectively, and complete fatigue and add
Then decline 11.39GPa and 1.56MPa during load respectively；Stress level be 0.3 testpieces initial elastic modulus and rupture strength most
Low, when loading number of times is 1,500,000 times, its elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength decline 2.64GPa and 0.21MPa respectively, and complete tired
Then decline 5.11GPa and 0.73MPa when labor is loaded respectively.
2. stress level is bigger, and reduction more easily occur in the elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength of testpieces.Stress level is 0.3
Testpieces loading number of times elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength 1,500,000 times before all relatively steady, load number of times after 1,500,000 times
The speed of decline starts to increase；Stress level is 0.5 testpieces loading number of times elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength after 1,250,000 times
Appearance is decreased obviously；Stress level is that 0.7 testpieces then occurs significantly from starting elastic modelling quantity and rupture strength after loading
Decline.
The result of the test of core boring sampling layering survey chlorine ion concentration is as shown in Fig. 9,10 and 11.Figure 11 is different loading frequencies
Changing Pattern figure of the free chloride ion concentration with concrete depth in lower concrete.
As shown in Figure 11, in dynamic loading 2d, while when natural immersion is in 5% sodium chloride solution, with loading frequency
In the change concrete of rate, at same depth, free chloride ion concentration is different.With the increase of loading frequency, same depth
Interior free chloride ion concentration increases.When concrete depth be less than 25mm when, loading frequency to chlorine ion concentration obvious effect,
Compared to frequency be 10Hz and 15Hz, frequency for 20Hz dynamic loading under chlorine ion concentration substantially higher.Work as concrete
When depth is more than 25mm, as in the increase coagulation of depth, free chloride ion concentration change is less.
And Figure 12 represents change of the free chloride ion concentration with concrete depth in concrete under different stress levels；By scheming
12 understand, in dynamic loading 2d, while when natural immersion is in 5% sodium chloride solution, with the change of loading stress level
In concrete, at same depth, free chloride ion concentration is different.With the increase of stress level, free chlorine in same depth
Ion concentration increases.When concrete depth is less than 25mm, stress level to chlorine ion concentration obvious effect, compared to should
When power level is 0.3 and 0.5, stress level is that chlorine ion concentration is substantially higher under 0.7 dynamic loading.When concrete depth
During more than 25mm, as in the increase concrete of depth, free chloride ion concentration change is less.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above only in order to technical scheme to be described, rather than a limitation；To the greatest extent
Pipe has been described in detail to the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
So the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent；And these modifications or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of decay test device, it is characterised in which includes box body, upper load plate and fatigue machine；
The upper loading clamping device of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the upper load plate；
The lower loading clamping device of fatigue machine is fixedly connected with the bottom of the box body；
Be test for testpieces to be placed in box body, the upper load plate top pressure on the top surface of testpieces, the base plate of box body and
Testpieces is clamped by upper load plate.
2. decay test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with the box body for simulating corrosion
The liquid of property environment.
3. decay test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with lower load plate in the box body, under
Load plate is fixedly connected with the base plate of box body；The testpieces is placed in lower load plate, and upper and lower load plate is by the testpieces
Clamp.
4. decay test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper load plate is rectangle, upper load plate
The both sides of bottom surface are provided with down loading head in convex bar shaped；Or, the upper load plate is circle, and upper load plate bottom surface is not provided with
Under convex upper loading head.
5. decay test device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the both sides of the lower loading plate top surface are respectively provided with
There is loading head under convex strip.
6. decay test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the box body inner surface is provided with for preventing
The coating that only corrodes.
7. decay test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with box body in the box body
The heating unit heated by the liquid or gas, and the temperature survey for liquid or gas temperature in measuring box body
Amount device.
8. the test method of the decay test device described in a kind of any one of utilization claim 1-7, it is characterised in which is concrete
Comprise the steps：
S1. the initial intensity level of concrete test part or CA mortar test parts is determined；
S2. testpieces is placed on lower loading head or lower load plate；
S3. loading environment is arranged；
Ambient As are specifically included：
1) corrosive atmosphere；According to the needs of test, the simulation of water, corrosive gas, acid solution or saline solution is added into box body
Corrosive atmosphere；
2) noncorrosive atmospheric environment；I.e. in the case where water, corrosive gas, acid solution or saline solution is added without, dry
Under the conditions of dry, the dynamic property decay test data of concrete and CA mortars under the different High-speed Train Loads of simulation；
S4. temperature setting is loaded；By being turned on or off heating unit, gas or liquid in box body is made to be heated to setting temperature
Degree；
S5. start fatigue machine, fatigue machine applies to set frequency to testpieces by upper load plate, lower load plate/box body
The load of rate, amplitude and cycle-index, to simulate load of the different trains with friction speed to rail effect；
Wherein, the axle of different trains is simulated by adjusting loading stress size again, and different operation speed per hours are by adjusting loading frequency
Rate is realizing simulating；
S6. stop fatigue machine, the residual intensity of experiment with measuring part, elastic modelling quantity and fracture width, the data of depth are complete
Load test into a cycle；
S7. repeat step S1-6, completes the load test in multiple cycles, obtains different temperatures, acid rain, salt geology, flush
Under the varying environment etching condition of matter and different High-speed Train Loads, the dynamic property decay test data of testpieces draw
Train load is not coaxially to weigh, under friction speed and varying environment etching condition collective effect, non-fragment orbit cement-based material
The rule that can be decayed.
9. decay test method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the test method is also included to test data
Processed, according to intensity, elastic mould value that testpieces concrete or CA mortars is measured after different loading number of times, obtained coagulation
Soil or the deterioration rule of CA mortars material property under different load actions, fit the tired of concrete railway board or CA screeds
Impairment caused by overstrain damages curve.
10. decay test method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the test method also includes：
S8. the measure of testpieces ion diffusion rates, carries out core boring sampling to testpieces center after the completion of fatigue loading, to core sample
Hierarchy slicing grinding is carried out, the concentration of every layer of sample intermediate ion is titrated, the train load that coaxially heavy, friction speed is obtained is made
With under, diffusion rate of the ion in non-fragment orbit cement-based material.
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| CN115963008B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2024-05-28 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Full life cycle ballastless track laminated structure concrete dynamic performance test method |
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