CN106499340B - A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit and its operating method - Google Patents

A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit and its operating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106499340B
CN106499340B CN201610981559.6A CN201610981559A CN106499340B CN 106499340 B CN106499340 B CN 106499340B CN 201610981559 A CN201610981559 A CN 201610981559A CN 106499340 B CN106499340 B CN 106499340B
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China
Prior art keywords
pipe nipple
shape pipe
slot
wiper block
playing
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201610981559.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106499340A (en
Inventor
汤历平
黄泽民
祝效华
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Priority to CN201610981559.6A priority Critical patent/CN106499340B/en
Publication of CN106499340A publication Critical patent/CN106499340A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/24Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fluid power pulse generating units, mainly it is made of shell, throttling pipe nipple, bullet shape pipe nipple, wiper block, gasket, spring, spring cup, transmission shaft, turbine stator, turbine rotor, pull rod, support plate, support cap, thrust bearing, it is characterised in that:The throttling pipe nipple is threadingly attached to shell lower end, the pipe nipple that throttles forms fluid power impulse generating unit with shape pipe nipple is played, wiper block is installed in the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple, it plays the upper and lower ends equipped with gasket, wiper block in the T-slot of shape pipe nipple and is mounted on spring, for spring cup for preventing the spring above wiper block to be detached from, the periphery of transmission shaft lower end is equipped with a closed skewed slot;The turbine stator forms power unit with turbine rotor, and turbine stator is fixed respectively with turbine rotor on shell and transmission shaft;The pull rod, support plate, support cap and thrust bearing collectively constitute support unit.Apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, easy to operate, and frequency of impact is easily adjusted.

Description

A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit and its operating method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit and its operating methods, belong to the brill of oil and gas exploitation industry Well field of engineering technology.
Background technology
Petroleum resources in stratum are to be formed wellbore based on certain drilling technique in the earth formation by well system by opened What extraction came, which includes ground system and underground equipment etc..Wherein drill string is one of most important underground equipment, it both made To transmit the bridge of well head power, and the barrier of the inside and outside annular space drilling fluid of isolation.With petroleum resources exploitation it is continuous into Row, drillng operation are constantly shifted to deep formation, and the quantity of deep & ultra-deep well incrementally increases.According to the distribution of China's petroleum resources Feature has 52% to bury in deep formation, the petroleum resources in west area in the natural gas in the sweet peaceful two big basin in Sichuan and Shan This ratio reaches 73%.At the same time, the oil and gas development in China is also gradually strided forward to deep-sea.
Under normal conditions, with the increase of well depth, rock strength increases and drillability is deteriorated, and it is relatively low to thereby result in rate of penetration And drilling tool is easy failure.In-situ data shows that the average rate of penetration of China member dam area deep-well drilling is only that upper part well section is flat The 15%-30% of equal rate of penetration, some areas ratio are even lower than 8%.For the low problem of deep formation drilling efficiency, International drilling well quotient contracts association (IADC) and repeatedly holds about the seminar for improving deep plot drilling efficiency.It is existing about raising There are many ways to rate of penetration, such as improve drill bit, improve drill assembly, optimization drilling technology etc..However, by for many years Development, these methods are all more ripe, also limited to the raising of rate of penetration.
In recent years, impact or pulse is very universal to improve rate of penetration for drilling well, such as axial impact Hydraulic impacter, the pneumatic hammer of gas drilling, torsional pulse reverse impactor, other tools further include hydroscillator etc. Tool.Although it is existing about drilling speed there are many ways to, in-situ data shows that these technologies can not answer to universality With Some tools even have larger impact due to structure size to lower drilling tool.Drilling fluid is in drilling process for cooling down The indispensable medium of drill bit and cutting carring, therefore how to make it while realizing not only functional using this medium but also make it can It is difficult point place to improve rate of penetration.Directly and rock contact due to the drilling fluid at drill bit, so if on drill bit Tool of the side's setting one for generating pressure and flow-rate impulse, can improve the mechanical characteristic of rock and rock unit is accelerated to damage Wound, to further increase rate of penetration, present disclosure is how to design such a device.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention in order to overcome above-mentioned difficult point, spy proposes a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit and its operation side Method is set, to improve drilling efficiency.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention solve this technical problem the technical solution adopted is that:
A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, mainly by shell, throttling pipe nipple, bullet shape pipe nipple, wiper block, gasket, spring, bullet Spring lid, transmission shaft, turbine stator, turbine rotor, pull rod, support plate, support cap, thrust bearing composition, it is characterised in that:It is described Throttling pipe nipple is threadingly attached to shell lower end, and throttling pipe nipple forms fluid power impulse generating unit, wiper block with shape pipe nipple is played It is installed in the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple, plays the upper and lower ends equipped with gasket, wiper block in the T-slot of shape pipe nipple and be mounted on bullet Spring, for spring cup for preventing the spring above wiper block to be detached from, the periphery of transmission shaft lower end is closed oblique equipped with one Slot;The turbine stator and turbine rotor form power unit, turbine stator and turbine rotor be fixed respectively in shell and On transmission shaft;The pull rod, support plate, support cap and thrust bearing collectively constitute support unit.
A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that it is described throttling pipe nipple lower end circumferentially arranged with for The hole of installation and dismounting, the upper end are equipped with the horn-like conical surface;The upper and lower ends for playing shape pipe nipple are respectively coniform and cylinder Shape, the inner wall for playing shape pipe nipple upper end cylinder are set there are one bulb is driven, and the driving bulb opposite is equipped with a T-slot;It is described The circular cone for playing shape pipe nipple lower end is equipped with radially-arranged aperture, avoids bullet shape pipe nipple from being formed when doing periodic motion and builds the pressure;Institute The outside for stating bullet shape pipe nipple upper end cylinder is along the circumferential direction set there are three assistant, and the end of each assistant is embedded in the slot of shell To limit the rotation for playing shape pipe nipple;The wiper block is T shape, and wiper block is equipped with righting bulb;On the bullet shape pipe nipple Driving bulb and wiper block on the embedded transmission shaft lower end of righting bulb skewed slot in.
A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that the bottom end of the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple, wiper block Upper and lower ends, spring cup lower end be equipped with blind hole for placing spring;The material of the gasket be red copper to reduce with Friction between wiper block.
The inner walls are equipped with axial groove and are used to place the assistant for playing shape pipe nipple, and inner walls are additionally provided with step for putting Turbine stator is set, the upper end of inner walls is equipped with screw thread for connecting support plate;Step is equipped with outside the transmission shaft for putting Set turbine rotor.
The operating method of a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that the turbine stator is by support plate pressure It is tightly fixed on shell, turbine rotor is fixed by pull rod on transmission shaft, and support cap is connect by screw thread with pull rod, thrust Bearing is set to the weight and fluid for bearing the fluid power pulse generating unit inner body between support cap and support plate Pressure;Drilling fluid is flowed by fluid power pulse generating unit upper end, and turbine rotor is driven to drive transmission shaft rotation, transmission shaft Rotation so that the skewed slot of its lower end is rotated synchronously;The driving bulb played on shape pipe nipple is located in skewed slot, and plays shape pipe nipple It can not be rotated since its assistant is embedded in the slot of shell, the rotation of skewed slot will be such that bullet shape pipe nipple moves axially in reciprocal fashion; The wiper block can be slided up and down along the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple, and function is the driving effect for assisting playing shape pipe nipple, keeps away simultaneously Exempt to play shape pipe nipple run-off the straight;When the wiper block slides under the driving of skewed slot along T-slot upward or downward, on wiper block The spring of end or lower end is further compressed, and the spring cup is fixed on the top for playing shape pipe nipple by screw;In rotary chute Drive under, the cone for playing shape pipe nipple lower end periodically be bonded with the horn-like conical surface of throttling pipe nipple, when bullet shape is short When the driving bulb of section is located at the top of skewed slot, the horn-like conical surface of the separate throttling pipe nipple of cone of shape pipe nipple lower end is played, when When the driving bulb of bullet shape pipe nipple is located at the bottom end of skewed slot, the horn-like conical surface of the cone and throttling pipe nipple of shape pipe nipple lower end is played Fitting, during playing shape pipe nipple axially movable, the spacing of the cone and the horn-like conical surface constantly changes.
A kind of operating method of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that the circular cone for playing shape pipe nipple lower end The axial movement change drilling fluid of body flows through the area of passage at the horn-like conical surface of throttling pipe nipple, makes the flow velocity and pressure of drilling fluid Power generates fluctuation, when the fluid power pulse generating unit is directly connected with drill bit, the drilling fluid under flow velocity and pressure oscillation Efficiency of breaking rock can be improved;The shape pipe nipple lower end cone that plays is turned with the frequency that is bonded of the horn-like conical surface for the pipe nipple that throttles by turbine The rotating speed of son determines, therefore the frequency of fluid power pulse can be adjusted by changing turbine structure;When the wiper block when mounted, it is first It is first installed in T-slot and is bonded the righting bulb of wiper block with the skewed slot of transmission shaft lower end, then filled in gasket In the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple, and the spring and spring cup of wiper block upper end are installed.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:(1) the fluid power pulse that apparatus of the present invention generate is available In raising broken rock speed;(2) apparatus of the present invention can require the frequency of adjustment fluid power pulse according to bite type and formation characteristics; (3) apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, easy to operate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit of the present invention, and when playing the driving bulb in shape pipe nipple, to be located at transmission shaft lower end oblique The structural schematic diagram when top of slot;
Fig. 2 is a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit of the present invention, and when playing the driving bulb in shape pipe nipple, to be located at transmission shaft lower end oblique The structural schematic diagram when bottom end of slot;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the Section A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the section B-B in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view in the sections C-C in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view in the sections D-D in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is that Fig. 1 is hit by a bullet the partial enlarged view in shape pipe nipple region;
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the bullet shape pipe nipple of fluid power pulse generating unit of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of wiper block
Figure 11 is the partial enlarged view with skewed slot part in a kind of transmission shaft of fluid power pulse generating unit of the present invention;
In figure:1. shell, 2. throttling pipe nipples, 3. bullet shape pipe nipples, 4. wiper blocks, 5. gaskets, 6. springs, 7. spring cups, 8. Transmission shaft, 9. turbine stators, 10. turbine rotors, 11. pull rods, 12. support plates, 13. support caps, 14. thrust bearings.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1~11, a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, mainly by shell 1, throttling pipe nipple 2, play shape pipe nipple 3, help Positive block 4, gasket 5, spring 6, spring cup 7, transmission shaft 8, turbine stator 9, turbine rotor 10, pull rod 11, support plate 12, support cap 13, thrust bearing 14 forms, it is characterised in that:The throttling pipe nipple 2 is threadingly attached to 1 lower end of shell, throttling pipe nipple 2 with It plays shape pipe nipple 3 and forms fluid power impulse generating unit, wiper block 4 is installed in the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple 3, plays the T shapes of shape pipe nipple 3 Upper and lower ends equipped with gasket 5, wiper block 4 in slot are mounted on spring 6, and spring cup 7 is used to prevent the spring above wiper block 4 6 are detached from, and the periphery of 8 lower end of transmission shaft is equipped with a closed skewed slot;The turbine stator 9 is formed with turbine rotor 10 Power unit, turbine stator 9 are fixed respectively with turbine rotor 10 on shell 1 and transmission shaft 8;The pull rod 11, support Disk 12, support cap 13 and thrust bearing 14 collectively constitute support unit.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that under the throttling pipe nipple 2 End is equipped with the horn-like conical surface circumferentially arranged with the hole for installing and dismantling, the upper end.
As can be seen from figures 8 and 9, the upper and lower ends for playing shape pipe nipple 3 are respectively coniform and cylindric, play shape pipe nipple 3 The inner wall of upper end cylinder is set there are one bulb is driven, and the driving bulb opposite is equipped with a T-slot;Under the bullet shape pipe nipple 3 The circular cone at end is equipped with radially-arranged aperture, avoids bullet shape pipe nipple 3 from being formed when doing periodic motion and builds the pressure;The bullet shape pipe nipple The outside of 3 upper end cylinders is along the circumferential direction set there are three assistant, and the end of each assistant is embedded in the slot of shell 1 to limit Play the rotation of shape pipe nipple 3;The wiper block 4 is T shape, and wiper block 4 is equipped with righting bulb;The drive played on shape pipe nipple 3 In the skewed slot of embedded 8 lower end of transmission shaft of righting bulb on dynamic bulb and wiper block 4.
As shown in fig. 7, a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple 3 Bottom end, the upper and lower ends of wiper block 4, spring cup 7 lower end be equipped with blind hole for placing spring 6;The material of the gasket 5 is Red copper is to reduce the friction between wiper block 4.
1 inner wall of the shell is equipped with axial groove and is used to place the assistant for playing shape pipe nipple 3, and 1 inner wall of shell is additionally provided with step use In placing turbine stator 9, the upper end of 1 inner wall of shell is equipped with screw thread for connecting support plate 12;8 outside of the transmission shaft is equipped with platform Rank is for placing turbine rotor 10.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of operating method of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that the whirlpool Wheel stator 9 is fixed by support plate 12 on shell 1, and turbine rotor 10 is fixed by pull rod 11 on transmission shaft 8, is supported Cap 13 is connect by screw thread with pull rod 11, and thrust bearing 14 is set between support cap 13 and support plate 12 for bearing the fluid power The weight and Fluid pressure of pulse generating unit inner body;Drilling fluid is flowed by fluid power pulse generating unit upper end, And driving turbine rotor 10 that transmission shaft 8 is driven to rotate, the rotation of transmission shaft 8 makes the skewed slot of its lower end rotate synchronously;The bullet shape Driving bulb on pipe nipple 3 is located in skewed slot, and bullet shape pipe nipple 3 can not be rotated since its assistant is embedded in the slot of shell 1, Therefore the rotation of skewed slot will be such that bullet shape pipe nipple 3 moves axially in reciprocal fashion;The wiper block 4 can be above and below the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple 3 Sliding, function are the driving effect for assisting playing shape pipe nipple 3, while avoiding playing 3 run-off the straight of shape pipe nipple;When the wiper block 4 when sliding under the driving of skewed slot along T-slot upward or downward, and the spring 6 of 4 upper end of wiper block or lower end is further compressed, The spring cup 7 is fixed on the top for playing shape pipe nipple 3 by screw;Under the drive of rotary chute, 3 lower end of bullet shape pipe nipple Cone periodically be bonded with the horn-like conical surface of throttling pipe nipple 2, when the driving bulb of bullet shape pipe nipple 3 is located at the top of skewed slot When end, the horn-like conical surface of the cone far from throttling pipe nipple 2 of 3 lower end of shape pipe nipple is played, when the driving bulb for playing shape pipe nipple 3 is located at When the bottom end of skewed slot, the cone for playing 3 lower end of shape pipe nipple is bonded with the horn-like conical surface of throttling pipe nipple 2, is playing shape pipe nipple 3 along axis During movement, the spacing of the cone and the horn-like conical surface constantly changes.
A kind of operating method of fluid power pulse generating unit, it is characterised in that the circle for playing 3 lower end of shape pipe nipple The axial movement change drilling fluid of cone flows through the area of passage at the horn-like conical surface of throttling pipe nipple 2, makes the flow velocity of drilling fluid And pressure generates fluctuation, and when the fluid power pulse generating unit is directly connected with drill bit, the brill under flow velocity and pressure oscillation Efficiency of breaking rock can be improved in well liquid;It is described play 3 lower end cone of shape pipe nipple and the horn-like conical surface for the pipe nipple 2 that throttles be bonded frequency by The rotating speed of turbine rotor determines, therefore the frequency of fluid power pulse can be adjusted by changing turbine structure;When the wiper block 4 is being pacified It when dress, is installed on first in T-slot and is bonded the righting bulb of wiper block 4 with the skewed slot of 8 lower end of transmission shaft, then will Gasket 5 is filled in the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple 3, and installs the spring 6 and spring cup 7 of 4 upper end of wiper block.
The range that specific implementation mode described above is used to illustrate the present invention without limiting the present invention, the skill of any this field Art personnel equivalent variations and modification made under the premise of not departing from design and the principle of the present invention, belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect range.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of fluid power pulse generating unit, mainly by shell (1), throttling pipe nipple (2), bullet shape pipe nipple (3), wiper block (4), pad Piece (5), spring (6), spring cup (7), transmission shaft (8), turbine stator (9), turbine rotor (10), pull rod (11), support plate (12), support cap (13), thrust bearing (14) composition, it is characterised in that:The throttling pipe nipple (2) is threadingly attached to shell (1) lower end, throttling pipe nipple (2) form fluid power impulse generating unit with shape pipe nipple (3) is played, and wiper block (4), which is installed on, plays shape pipe nipple (3) in T-slot, the upper and lower ends equipped with gasket (5), wiper block (4) in the T-slot of shape pipe nipple (3) is played and are mounted on spring (6), spring cup (7) is used to prevent the spring (6) of wiper block (4) to be above detached from, and the periphery of transmission shaft (8) lower end is equipped with One closed skewed slot;The turbine stator (9) forms power unit with turbine rotor (10), and turbine stator (9) turns with turbine Sub (10) are fixed respectively on shell (1) and transmission shaft (8);The pull rod (11), support plate (12), support cap (13) and Thrust bearing (14) collectively constitutes support unit;The lower end of the throttling pipe nipple (2) is circumferentially arranged with for installing and dismantling Hole, the upper end are equipped with the horn-like conical surface;The upper end for playing shape pipe nipple (3) is cylindrical shape, and lower end is coniform, plays shape pipe nipple (3) inner wall of upper end cylinder is set there are one bulb is driven, and the driving bulb opposite is equipped with a T-slot;The bullet shape pipe nipple (3) circular cone of lower end is equipped with radially-arranged aperture, avoids bullet shape pipe nipple (3) from being formed when doing periodic motion and builds the pressure;It is described The outside for playing shape pipe nipple (3) upper end cylinder is along the circumferential direction set there are three assistant, the embedded shell (1) in end of each assistant To limit the rotation for playing shape pipe nipple (3) in slot;The wiper block (4) is T shape, and wiper block (4) is equipped with righting bulb;Institute It states in the skewed slot for playing embedded transmission shaft (8) lower end of the righting bulb on driving bulb and wiper block (4) on shape pipe nipple (3); It is described play shape pipe nipple (3) the bottom end of T-slot, the upper and lower ends of wiper block (4), spring cup (7) lower end be equipped with blind hole use In placement spring (6);The material of the gasket (5) is red copper to reduce the friction between wiper block (4).
2. a kind of operating method of fluid power pulse generating unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the turbine is fixed Sub (9) are fixed by support plate (12) on shell (1), and turbine rotor (10) is fixed by pull rod (11) in transmission shaft (8) on, support cap (13) is connect by screw thread with pull rod (11), and thrust bearing (14) is set to support cap (13) and support plate (12) Between for bearing the weight and Fluid pressure of the fluid power pulse generating unit inner body;Drilling fluid is by the fluid power arteries and veins The inflow of generating means upper end is rushed, and drives turbine rotor (10) that transmission shaft (8) is driven to rotate, the rotation of transmission shaft (8) makes under it The skewed slot at end rotates synchronously;The driving bulb played on shape pipe nipple (3) is located in skewed slot, and plays shape pipe nipple (3) due to it It can not be rotated in the slot of assistant insertion shell (1), therefore the rotation of skewed slot will be such that bullet shape pipe nipple (3) moves axially in reciprocal fashion; The wiper block (4) can slide up and down along the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple (3), and function is that the driving for assisting playing shape pipe nipple (3) is made With, while avoiding playing shape pipe nipple (3) run-off the straight;When the wiper block (4) under the driving of skewed slot along T-slot upward or downward When sliding, the spring (6) of wiper block (4) upper end or lower end is further compressed, and the spring cup (7) is fixed on bullet by screw The top of shape pipe nipple (3);Under the drive of rotary chute, it is described play shape pipe nipple (3) lower end cone periodically with throttling The horn-like conical surface of pipe nipple (2) is bonded, and when the driving bulb for playing shape pipe nipple (3) is located at the top of skewed slot, is played under shape pipe nipple (3) The horn-like conical surface of the cone at end far from throttling pipe nipple (2), when the driving bulb for playing shape pipe nipple (3) is located at the bottom end of skewed slot When, the cone for playing shape pipe nipple (3) lower end is bonded with the horn-like conical surface of throttling pipe nipple (2), is transported in an axial direction playing shape pipe nipple (3) In dynamic process, the spacing of the cone and the horn-like conical surface constantly changes.
3. a kind of operating method of fluid power pulse generating unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bullet shape is short The axial movement change drilling fluid of the cone of section (3) lower end flows through the area of passage at the horn-like conical surface of throttling pipe nipple (2), The flow velocity and pressure for making drilling fluid generate fluctuation, when the fluid power pulse generating unit is directly connected with drill bit, flow velocity and Efficiency of breaking rock can be improved in drilling fluid under pressure oscillation;The loudspeaker for playing shape pipe nipple (3) lower end cone and the pipe nipple (2) that throttles The fitting frequency of the shape conical surface is determined by the rotating speed of turbine rotor, therefore the frequency of fluid power pulse can be adjusted by changing turbine structure Rate;When the wiper block (4) when mounted, be installed on first in T-slot and by the righting bulb of wiper block (4) with transmission The skewed slot of axis (8) lower end is bonded, and is then filled in gasket (5) in the T-slot for playing shape pipe nipple (3), and install wiper block (4) upper end Spring (6) and spring cup (7).
CN201610981559.6A 2016-11-09 2016-11-09 A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit and its operating method Expired - Fee Related CN106499340B (en)

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