CN106491994A - 一种治疗小儿多动症的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗小儿多动症的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗小儿多动症的药物及其制备方法，其主要是由白芍、天麻、珍珠母、白术、鸡血藤、远志、枸杞子、女贞子、夜交藤按一定重量配比制备而成，本发明药物具有安神益智，补脾益胃，息风定惊，祛痰解郁，滋肾润肺，补肝明目的功能，用于治疗小儿多动症见效快，疗效好，不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗小儿多动症的药物及其制备方法，属中药领域。
技术背景
小儿多动症是指年龄和发育水平不相称的注意力不集中和注意时间短暂、活动过度和冲动，常伴有学习困难和适应不良。中医则认为小儿多动症与肝肾阴虚，心脾两虚，痰火内扰有关。由于西药治疗副作用大，因此人们对有效治疗小儿多动症的中药药物存在极大的需求，至今为止，还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证，终于找到了有效治疗小儿多动症的药物，从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗小儿多动症的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择白芍、天麻、珍珠母、白术、鸡血藤、远志、枸杞子、女贞子、夜交藤、柏子仁、牡蛎、大枣药物进行组合制备的，将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用，从而能够有效治疗小儿多动症。其中选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸，凉，入肝、脾经，有养血柔肝，缓中止痛，敛阴收汗的功能，治胸腹胁肋疼痛，泻痢腹痛，自汗盗汗，阴虚发热，月经不调，崩漏，带下。选用天麻是因为其性味甘，平，入肝经，有息风，定惊的功能，治眩晕眼黑，头风头痛，肢体麻木，半身不遂，语言蹇涩，小儿惊癎动风。选用珍珠母是因为其性味咸，凉，入心、肝两经，有平肝，潜阳，定惊，止血的功能，治头眩，耳鸣，心悸，失眠，癫狂，惊癎，吐血，衄血，妇女血崩。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘，温，入脾、胃经，有补脾，益胃，燥湿，和中的功能，治脾胃气弱，不思饮食，倦怠少气，虚胀，泄泻，痰饮，水肿，黄疸，湿痹，小便不利，头晕，自汗，胎气不安。选用鸡血藤是因为其性味苦甘，温，入心、脾二经，有活血、舒筋的功能，治腰膝酸痛，麻木瘫痪，月经不调。选用远志是因为其性味苦辛，温，入心、肾经，有安神益智，祛痰，解郁的功能，治惊悸，健忘，梦遗，失眠，咳嗽多痰，痈疽疮肿。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘，平，有滋肾，润肺，补肝，明目的功能，治肝肾阴亏，腰膝酸软，头晕目眩，目昏多泪，虚劳咳嗽，消渴，遗清。选用女贞子是因为其性味苦甘，平，入肝、肾经，有补肝肾，强腰膝的功能，治阴虚内热，头晕，目花耳鸣，腰膝酸软，须发早白。选用夜交藤是因为其性味甘微苦，平，入心、肝经，有养心，安神，通络，祛风的功能，治失眠，劳伤，多汗，血虚身痛，痈疽，瘰疬，风疮疥癣。选用柏子仁是因为其性味甘，平，入心、肝、脾经，有养心安神，润肠通便的功能，治惊悸，失眠，遗精，盗汗，便秘的功能。选用牡蛎是因为其性味咸涩，凉，入肝、肾经，有敛阴，潜阳，止汗，涩精，化痰，软坚的功能，治惊癎，眩晕，自汗，盗汗，遗精，淋浊，崩漏，带下，瘰疬，瘿瘤。选用大枣是因为其性味甘，温，入脾、胃经，有补脾和胃，益气生津，调营卫，解药毒的功能，治胃虚食少，脾弱便溏，气血津液不足，营卫不和，心悸怔忡，妇人脏躁。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的，各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效：
白芍5-15克，天麻5-15克，珍珠母5-15克，白术5-15克，鸡血藤5-15克，远志5-15克，枸杞子10-20克，女贞子10-20克，夜交藤10-20克，柏子仁10-20克，牡蛎10-20克，大枣5-15克。
优选为：
白芍10克，天麻10克，珍珠母10克，白术10克，鸡血藤10克，远志10克，枸杞子15克，女贞子15克，夜交藤15克，柏子仁15克，牡蛎15克，大枣10克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、白芍：拣去杂质，分开大小个，用水浸泡至八成透，捞出，晒晾，润至内外湿度均匀，切片，干燥；
2、天麻：将天麻片平铺于喷过水的表芯纸上，置锅内，用文火烧至纸色焦黄，不断将药片翻动至两面老黄色为止；
3、珍珠母：拣去杂质，敲成碎块，筛去灰屑；
4、白术：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，泡后捞出，润透，切片，晒干；
5、鸡血藤：用水润透，切片，或蒸软后趁热切片，晒干；
6、远志：拣去杂质，切段，筛去灰屑；
7、枸杞子：簸净杂质，摘去残留的梗和蒂；
8、女贞子：拣去杂质，洗净，晒干；
9、夜交藤：清水洗净，稍浸泡，捞出，润透后，切段，晒干；
10、柏子仁：拣净杂质，除去残留的外壳和种皮；
11、牡蛎：洗净，晒干，打碎用；
12、大枣：拣净杂质，晒干。
二、制备
1、将炮制好的白芍、天麻、珍珠母、白术、鸡血藤、远志、枸杞子、女贞子、夜交藤、柏子仁、牡蛎、大枣放入煎药容器内，第一次加水6倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；
2、将过滤的药渣加水4倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，分为4剂服用。
组方中远志有安神益智，祛痰解郁的功能为君药；天麻息风定惊；白术有补脾益胃，燥湿和中的的功能，二者为臣药，三味药共同发挥安神益智，祛痰解郁，补脾益胃，息风定惊的作用，治疗小儿多动症效力全面，且以安神益智，补脾益胃，息风定惊，祛痰解郁为主可治本，枸杞子有滋肾润肺，补肝明目的功能为佐药，牡蛎有敛阴潜阳，止汗涩精，化痰软坚的的功能为使药，余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有安神益智，补脾益胃，息风定惊，祛痰解郁，滋肾润肺，补肝明目的功能，用于治疗小儿多动症，疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果，这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告：
取家兔30只，雌雄兼用，体重2.0—2.5kg，分两组，每组15只，其中一组为超剂量试验组，另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg，正常量为10ml/kg，给药方式为灌胃法给药，每天两次，连服7天，每天观察给药反应，结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常，药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治小儿多动症门诊患者共27例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为注意力不集中，坐立不安，行为冲动，神经系统发育异常，患者的精细动作、协调运动、空间位置觉等发育较差。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂，给患者服用，每次服用1剂，每天早、晚各服1次，5天为一个疗程，连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效：小儿多动症症状消失，体质恢复正常，痊愈；
好转：患者注意力缺陷，活动过多，行为冲动和神经系统发育异常的症状减轻，小儿多动症症状明显好转，体质逐步恢复；
无效：达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果（见下表）
在上述治疗中，用本发明药物治疗小儿多动症患者27例，结果显效20例，显效率为86.96%，好转5例，好转率为18.52%，无效2例，总有效率为92.6%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗小儿多动症的药物，其特征在于：它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成：
白芍5-15克，天麻5-15克，珍珠母5-15克，白术5-15克，鸡血藤5-15克，远志5-15克，枸杞子10-20克，女贞子10-20克，夜交藤10-20克，柏子仁10-20克，牡蛎10-20克，大枣5-15克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物，其中各原料药的用量为：
白芍10克，天麻10克，珍珠母10克，白术10克，鸡血藤10克，远志10克，枸杞子15克，女贞子15克，夜交藤15克，柏子仁15克，牡蛎15克，大枣10克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法，它包括下列步骤：
（一）备料
（1）白芍：拣去杂质，分开大小个，用水浸泡至八成透，捞出，晒晾，润至内外湿度均匀，切片，干燥；
（2）天麻：将天麻片平铺于喷过水的表芯纸上，置锅内，用文火烧至纸色焦黄，不断将药片翻动至两面老黄色为止；
（3）珍珠母：拣去杂质，敲成碎块，筛去灰屑；
（4）白术：拣净杂质，用水浸泡，泡后捞出，润透，切片，晒干；
（5）鸡血藤：用水润透，切片，或蒸软后趁热切片，晒干；
（6）远志：拣去杂质，切段，筛去灰屑；
（7）枸杞子：簸净杂质，摘去残留的梗和蒂；
（8）女贞子：拣去杂质，洗净，晒干；
（9）夜交藤：清水洗净，稍浸泡，捞出，润透后，切段，晒干；
（10）柏子仁：拣净杂质，除去残留的外壳和种皮；
（11）牡蛎：洗净，晒干，打碎用；
（12）大枣：拣净杂质，晒干；
（二）制备
（1）将所述重量的白芍、天麻、珍珠母、白术、鸡血藤、远志、枸杞子、女贞子、夜交藤、柏子仁、牡蛎、大枣放入煎药容器内，加水6倍量，浸泡100分钟后，武火煎煮沸腾，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第一次煎煮液，将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内；
（2）将过滤的药渣加水4倍量，武火煮沸，再用文火煎煮20分钟，过滤得第二次煎煮液；
（3）将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀，分为4剂服用。
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