CN106467994A - 远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺 - Google Patents
远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦纶/氨纶面料的后处理工艺,属于纺织印染技术领域。该远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺包括如下步骤:步骤一,预定型:取坯布进行定型,得定型坯布;步骤二,前处理;步骤三,染色;步骤四,柔软、开定处理,即得所述远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料。按照本发明工艺处理后的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料具有良好的保温性和舒适性,其耐干湿擦性、耐水性及耐汗渍性能均较佳,远红外发射率较好,同时面料环保健康,水洗后不易变形。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织印染技术领域,具体涉及一种远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺。
背景技术
常温下具有吸收和发射远红外线功能且其发射率大于65% 的纺织品可称之为远红外纺织品。远红外纤维是一种经过物理改性后而具有吸收并反射远红外线的功能性纤维,具有优良的理疗功能、热效应功能的新型纺织材料及保温材料,远红外线作用到人体后,被人体皮肤吸收,能改善人体微循环功能,增强人体新陈代谢、提高免疫力,对人体具有较好的保健作用。其中远红外腈纶不仅具有优异的蓬松感和染色性,其舒适性和透气性也大大优于涤纶和丙纶,但是远红外腈纶的成本较高,一般会用其与其他纺织材料一起织造功能面料,不仅可以降低生产成本,还可以体现出织物特有的设计风格。同时,目前远红外腈纶纤维的热效应温控性能并未被充分应用,对远红外腈纶纤维与其他面料纤维的交织研究也极为重要。
腈纶纤维具有柔软、耐光、抗菌、蓬松等优点,又称人造羊毛;而莫代尔纤维织物具有良好的手感和悬垂性,且吸湿性能、透气性能均优于纯棉织物,是理想的贴身材料,有第二肌肤之美誉。两种纤维混纺既柔软、蓬松、吸湿、透气,又有良好的手感和悬垂性。而将远红外腈纶、莫代尔、锦纶和氨纶进行交织,不仅可以赋予面料优异的远红外性能,还赋予面料优异的舒适性和吸湿性等较全面的功能,而且便于织造。但是在进行后处理过程中存在以下问题:第一:采用远红外腈纶、莫代尔、锦纶和氨纶织造的面料,按照面料设计风格,需要对远红外腈纶和莫代尔进行着色,而两种纤维性能差别较大,若按照常规染色工艺,远红外腈纶采用阳离子染料,莫代尔采用活性染料,阳离子染料染色温度是100-120℃,而活性染料染色温度是60℃,两种染料染色温度不同,若采用逐步升温的方式进行染色,染色效果不佳,匀染性较差,同时,阳离子染料是在酸性条件下染色,而活性染料需要靠碱来固色,两者对染液的酸碱度要求不同,因此无法同浴染色。因此对现有的远红外腈纶和莫代尔的后处理工艺进行改进研究就显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足,而提供一种远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,该方法不仅可以实现同浴染色,还缩短了工艺时间,提高了生产效率,得到的面料不仅具有优异的耐干湿擦、耐水、耐汗渍及耐皂洗性能,还具有优异的远红外功能、温控性及舒适性。
本发明采用如下技术方案:远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一,预定型:取坯布进行定型,得定型坯布;
步骤二,前处理:坯布准备,注水,升温至45-55℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入1.5%-2.5%NaOH,1.5%-2.5%精炼渗透剂,0.2%-0.8%螯合分散剂,按照水量计,再加入3mL/L的质量浓度为27.5%的H2O2,升温至96-99℃,保温25-35min,后降温至70℃,排液,热水洗,水洗,再加入双氧水去除酶0.008%-0.015%,经水洗,得前处理坯布;
步骤三,一浴染色:染缸内注入水,升温至40-45℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入0.8%-1.2%分散剂、0.9%-1.3%酸碱度调节剂,保温10min,加入0.02%-0.5%活性染料,保温10min,加入0.05%-0.3%的分散型阳离子染料,保温10min,加入0.5%-1.5%元明粉,保温10min,加入1.5%-4.5%元明粉,以2℃/min的速率升温至78-82℃,保温15min,继续以1℃/min的速率升温至118-122℃,保温30min后,以1.5℃/min的速率降温至59-61℃,再经热水洗、冷水洗后,加入0.6%-1.2%CT粉,升温至88-91℃,皂洗15min,经热水洗、冷水洗,出缸,得染色坯布;
步骤四,柔软、开定处理:将步骤三所得染色坯布进行柔软处理,后进行开定处理,即得所述远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料。
更进一步的,所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其中步骤一中所述定型具体为:将坯布于190℃、车速25m/min、超喂率25%下进行定型。
更进一步的,所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其中步骤一中所述坯布由远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨交织而成,其中远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨的比例为34:27:39、45:30:25或20:46:34。
更进一步的,所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其中步骤二中所述热水洗的温度为65-70℃。
更进一步的,所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其中步骤三所述活性染料为活性红CN-3B和活性兰CN-2G中的一种或两种,所述分散型阳离子染料为分散阳离子红GRL-ED和分散阳离子兰BG-ED中的一种或两种。
更进一步的,所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其中步骤四中所述柔软处理具体为:将水注入处理缸内,加入染色坯布,再加入柔软剂,柔软剂加入量为30g/L~40g/L,一浸一轧,轧液率70%~80%,所述开定处理具体为:加入3%柔软剂,于180℃、25m/min、超喂40%下进行开定处理,针架大于幅宽1-2cm。
本发明与现有技术相比,其有益效果为:
本发明采用预定型、前处理、染色、柔软、开定处理等步骤对远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料进行了后处理,其中采用合理助剂对面料进行染色,有效解决了远红外腈纶、莫代尔纤维无法同浴染色的技术问题,有效节约了染色所需时间,与传统的染色工艺相比,使工艺时间缩短了49.5%;采用前处理,可以使面料具有良好的热尺寸稳定性,纠正织造过程中纤维受到的歪曲、折皱、消除织造加工中织物的内应力不匀,保证染色时布面平整,防止染色过程中产生条花、折痕和鸡爪痕等;前处理中,采用升温至38-42℃进布,可以使织物快速的吸水,使纱线膨胀并达到饱满的状态,可以减少织物的折痕,而且原料纤维在纺纱和织布时或多或少会带有油剂,温水进布也可以加快油剂的溶解;在染色步骤中,采用酸碱度调节剂来调节染浴酸碱度,可以使染浴的pH值从染色开始的弱酸性变化到染色结束的弱碱性,从而使得阳离子染料和活性染料在染色过程中在不同的pH值条件下,两种染料可以很好的在各自所需的pH值条件下达到与纤维的键合固着。
柔软处理更进一步地赋予面料柔软、平滑、干爽等性能;通过开幅定型可以去除织物表面的折皱,提高织物的弹性和抗皱性能,使门幅达到要求尺寸。
按照本发明处理工艺处理后的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料不仅具有优异的耐干湿擦、耐水、耐汗渍及耐皂洗性能,还具有优异的远红外功能及舒适性,在常温下面料具有明显的吸收和发射远红外线功能,远红外发射率为88% ,高于远红外纺织品≥80%的标准要求,且面料手感细腻、吸湿透气性好。
此外,由于本发明采用添加了陶瓷微粉的远红外腈纶纤维,由于纤维中含有多孔性陶瓷粒子,在纤维内部形成一个静止层,降低了织物的热传导性,有效防止热量的逸散,从而使织物保温性得以提高。同时远红外陶瓷粉通过吸收外界的热量并储存起来,可发射7-14μm的红外线给予人体,这对人体细胞极为有效,且易被人体吸收,从而使人体有温热感,具有保温功效。同时本发明采用远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨交织而成的坯布,赋予面料优异的温控性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。本发明中使用的精炼渗透剂为精炼渗透剂Supemol AT,螯合分散剂为螯合分散剂FK422A,双氧水去除酶为双氧水去除酶CTAD3,所述酸碱度调节剂为羧酸衍生物的混合物,购自科凯精细化工上海有限公司,在具体实施染色时,按照添加的活性染料和分散型阳离子染料的量,根据实际需要,用活性红CN-3B和活性兰CN-2G中进行调色,用分散阳离子红GRL-ED和分散阳离子兰BG-ED进行调色,本发明坯布采用40S远红外腈纶纱线、50S莫代尔和N70D/40D锦包氨纱线,用罗纹圆纬机采用罗纹对针进行织造。
实施例1
远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一,预定型:取坯布进行定型,将坯布于190℃、车速25m/min、超喂率25%下进行定型,得定型坯布,其中所述坯布由远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨交织而成,其中远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨的比例为45:30:25;
步骤二,前处理:坯布准备,注水,升温至50℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入2%NaOH,2%精炼渗透剂,0.5%螯合分散剂,按照水量计,再加入3mL/L的质量浓度为27.5%的H2O2,升温至98℃,保温30min,后降温至70℃,排液,热水洗(热水洗的温度为65-70℃),水洗,再加入双氧水去除酶0.01%,经水洗,得前处理坯布;
步骤三,一浴染色:染缸内注入水,升温至40℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入1%分散剂、1%酸碱度调节剂,保温10min,加入0.2%活性染料,保温10min,加入0.15%的分散型阳离子染料,保温10min,加入1%元明粉,保温10min,加入3%元明粉,以2℃/min的速率升温至80℃,保温15min,继续以1℃/min的速率升温至120℃,保温30min后,以1.5℃/min的速率降温至60℃,再经热水洗、冷水洗后,加入1%CT粉,升温至90℃,皂洗15min,经热水洗、冷水洗,出缸,得染色坯布;
步骤四,柔软、开定处理:将步骤三所得染色坯布进行柔软处理:将水注入处理缸内,加入染色坯布,再加入柔软剂,柔软剂加入量为35g/L,一浸一轧,轧液率75%;后进行开定处理:加入3%柔软剂,于180℃、25m/min、超喂40%下进行开定处理,针架大于幅宽1-2cm,即得所述远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料。
对照例1:
与实施例1的区别在于采用醋酸调节染浴酸碱度。
实施例1与对照例1在染色过程中不同温度下pH变化的对比,如下表1所示:
表1 实施例1与对照例1在染色过程中pH变化
温度(℃) | 40℃ | 50℃ | 60℃ | 70℃ | 80℃ | 90℃ | 120℃ |
实施例1 pH值 | 6.78 | 6.88 | 6.84 | 6.84 | 7.0 | 7.06 | 7.28 |
对照例1 pH值 | 4.37 | 4.49 | 4.32 | 4.2 | 4.28 | 4.37 | 4.38 |
实施例2
远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一,预定型:取坯布进行定型,将坯布于190℃、车速25m/min、超喂率25%下进行定型,得定型坯布,其中所述坯布由远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨交织而成,其中远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨的比例为34:27:39;
步骤二,前处理:坯布准备,注水,升温至45℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入1.5%NaOH,1.5%精炼渗透剂,0.2%螯合分散剂,按照水量计,再加入3mL/L的质量浓度为27.5%的H2O2,升温至96℃,保温35min,后降温至70℃,排液,热水洗(热水洗的温度为65-70℃),水洗,再加入双氧水去除酶0.008%,经水洗,得前处理坯布;
步骤三,一浴染色:染缸内注入水,升温至45℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入0.8%分散剂、0.9%酸碱度调节剂,保温10min,加入0.02%活性染料,保温10min,加入0.05%的分散型阳离子染料,保温10min,加入0.5%元明粉,保温10min,加入1.5%元明粉,以2℃/min的速率升温至78℃,保温15min,继续以1℃/min的速率升温至118℃,保温30min后,以1.5℃/min的速率降温至59℃,再经热水洗、冷水洗后,加入0.6%CT粉,升温至88℃,皂洗15min,经热水洗、冷水洗,出缸,得染色坯布;
步骤四,柔软、开定处理:将步骤三所得染色坯布进行柔软处理:将水注入处理缸内,加入染色坯布,再加入柔软剂,柔软剂加入量为30g/L,一浸一轧,轧液率70%;后进行开定处理:加入3%柔软剂,于180℃、25m/min、超喂40%下进行开定处理,针架大于幅宽1-2cm,即得所述远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料。成品规格:克重220G/M2,幅宽160cm。
实施例3
远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一,预定型:取坯布进行定型,将坯布于190℃、车速25m/min、超喂率25%下进行定型,得定型坯布,其中所述坯布由远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨交织而成,其中远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨的比例为20:46:34;
步骤二,前处理:坯布准备,注水,升温至55℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入2.5%NaOH,2.5%精炼渗透剂,0.2%-0.8%螯合分散剂,按照水量计,再加入3mL/L的质量浓度为27.5%的H2O2,升温至99℃,保温25min,后降温至70℃,排液,热水洗(热水洗的温度为65-70℃),水洗,再加入双氧水去除酶0.015%,经水洗,得前处理坯布;
步骤三,一浴染色:染缸内注入水,升温至45℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入1.2%分散剂、1.3%酸碱度调节剂,保温10min,加入0.5%活性染料,保温10min,加入0.3%的分散型阳离子染料,保温10min,加入1.5%元明粉,保温10min,加入4.5%元明粉,以2℃/min的速率升温至82℃,保温15min,继续以1℃/min的速率升温至122℃,保温30min后,以1.5℃/min的速率降温至61℃,再经热水洗、冷水洗后,加入1.2%CT粉,升温至91℃,皂洗15min,经热水洗、冷水洗,出缸,得染色坯布;
步骤四,柔软、开定处理:将步骤三所得染色坯布进行柔软处理:将水注入处理缸内,加入染色坯布,再加入柔软剂,柔软剂加入量为40g/L,一浸一轧,轧液率80%;后进行开定处理:加入3%柔软剂,于180℃、25m/min、超喂40%下进行开定处理,针架大于幅宽1-2cm,即得所述远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料。
实施例1至3的处理工艺在实际操作过程中需要注意,经过预定型的织物要重新进行缝合,缝合时正面在内,注意针脚要平齐、均匀、牢固,同时,由于该类面料对折痕较敏感,因此在前处理过程中要注意控制升温速率在0.5~1℃/min,若面料要求为浅色,在处理时还需要进行漂白处理,漂白时采用纯碱和烧碱混合使用,且烧碱的用量不宜过高,最好不超过1g/L,以避免烧碱对氨纶造成损伤;在染色时,传统的溢流机染色加料时间较长,因此可以采用气流染色机进行,不仅可大幅缩短加料时间,还可以保证织物的匀染性,而且其独特的喷嘴设计可以使织物在染色过程中始终保持较松驰的状态,从而使织物折叠的地方不停地换位,在低浴比条件下就可以解决布面折痕问题,前处理和染色时的浴比为1:8。本发明中的面料可采用隔目排列的方式进行织造,织物结构为双面变化罗纹结构。
将本发明实施例1至3处理得到的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料进行性能检测,结果如下表2所示:
表2 性能测试数据
由上表2可见,按照本发明处理后的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料具有良好的保温性和舒适性,其耐干湿擦性、耐水性及耐汗渍性能均较佳,远红外发射率较好,同时面料环保健康,水洗后不易变形。
对照例2
与实施例1的区别在于,坯布由莫代尔/锦包氨(80/20)交织而成。
对照例3
与实施例1的区别在于,坯布由莫代尔/锦包氨(70/30)交织而成。
对照例4
与实施例1的区别在于,坯布由莫代尔/锦包氨(60/40)交织而成。
将实施例1至实施例3、对照例2至对照例4所得面料进行调温性能测试,
根据不同的升温时间比较调温性能,将上述6块试样平铺在试验板上,用数字测温仪测量试样表面温度,待其温度降至20℃时,开始试验。测量并记录试样表面温度从20℃上升到31℃所需时间,结果如下表3所示:
表3 试样升温时间
由上表3可以看出:含腈纶纱织物在同样的温差下,所需耗用的时间比不含腈纶纱的织物长,即温度变化缓慢,调温性能较好。在三块含腈纶纱的织物中,我们可以看出,在同样的温差下,三块织物试样的升温时间较为接近,其中实施例4试样因为含腈纶纱比例较高,升温时间略长。总体来看,腈纶纱比例在30%左右即可以发挥出较好的调温作用,而且可更好控制产品成本。
取对照例2和实施例2的试样进行升温速率比较,结果如下表4和表5所示:
表4 对照例1织物表面温度试验记录表
时间/S | 温度/℃ | 时间/S | 温度/℃ | 时间/S | 温度/℃ | 时间/S | 温度/℃ | 时间/S | 温度/℃ |
0 | 26.2 | 50 | 31.7 | 100 | 32.8 | 150 | 32.8 | 200 | 32.7 |
5 | 27.3 | 55 | 31.7 | 105 | 32.9 | 155 | 32.9 | 205 | 32.9 |
10 | 28.8 | 60 | 31.6 | 110 | 32.7 | 160 | 32.7 | 210 | 32.8 |
15 | 29.9 | 65 | 31.6 | 115 | 32.7 | 165 | 32.7 | 215 | 32.9 |
20 | 30.2 | 70 | 31.7 | 120 | 32.7 | 170 | 32.9 | 220 | 32.9 |
25 | 30.6 | 75 | 31.9 | 125 | 32.9 | 175 | 32.8 | 225 | 32.8 |
30 | 30.9 | 80 | 32.1 | 130 | 32.8 | 180 | 32.8 | 230 | 33.0 |
35 | 31.2 | 85 | 32.4 | 135 | 32.9 | 185 | 32.7 | 235 | 32.8 |
40 | 31.3 | 90 | 32.4 | 140 | 32.6 | 190 | 32.8 | 240 | 32.8 |
45 | 31.5 | 95 | 32.7 | 145 | 32.6 | 195 | 32.7 | 245 | 32.9 |
表5 实施例2织物表面试验温度记录表
由上表4和表5可见,在同样的温差下,试样的升温速率不一样,对照例1为0.27℃/min,对照例2为0.23℃/min,升温速率低说明温度变化缓慢,调温性能较好。这与上述上述调温性能测试得到的规律基本一致。
综上,在升温试验中,随着时间的延续,织物表面的温度呈上升趋势,当温度上升到33℃时,织物的表面温度上升速率逐渐变慢。而含有腈纶纤维的织物在温度31℃时即保持该温度趋于平衡,可见含有腈纶纤维的织物,其升温过程中的调温性能要优于普通织物。
本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (6)
1.远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一,预定型:取坯布进行定型,得定型坯布;
步骤二,前处理:坯布准备,注水,升温至45-55℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入1.5%-2.5%NaOH,1.5%-2.5%精炼渗透剂,0.2%-0.8%螯合分散剂,按照水量计,再加入3mL/L的质量浓度为27.5%的H2O2,升温至96-99℃,保温25-35min,后降温至70℃,排液,热水洗,水洗,再加入双氧水去除酶0.008%-0.015%,经水洗,得前处理坯布;
步骤三,一浴染色:染缸内注入水,升温至40-45℃,按坯布重量计,依次加入0.8%-1.2%分散剂、0.9%-1.3%酸碱度调节剂,保温10min,加入0.02%-0.5%活性染料,保温10min,加入0.05%-0.3%的分散型阳离子染料,保温10min,加入0.5%-1.5%元明粉,保温10min,加入1.5%-4.5%元明粉,以2℃/min的速率升温至78-82℃,保温15min,继续以1℃/min的速率升温至118-122℃,保温30min后,以1.5℃/min的速率降温至59-61℃,再经热水洗、冷水洗后,加入0.6%-1.2%CT粉,升温至88-91℃,皂洗15min,经热水洗、冷水洗,出缸,得染色坯布;
步骤四,柔软、开定处理:将步骤三所得染色坯布进行柔软处理,后进行开定处理,即得所述远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其特征在于,步骤一中所述定型具体为:将坯布于190℃、车速25m/min、超喂率25%下进行定型。
3.根据权利要求1所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其特征在于,步骤一中所述坯布由远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨交织而成,其中远红外腈纶、莫代尔和锦包氨的比例为34:27:39、45:30:25或20:46:34。
4.根据权利要求1所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其特征在于,步骤二中升温时的升温速率为0.5~1℃/min,所述热水洗的温度为65-70℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其特征在于,步骤三所述活性染料为活性红CN-3B和活性兰CN-2G中的一种或两种,所述分散型阳离子染料为分散阳离子红GRL-ED和分散阳离子兰BG-ED中的一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的远红外腈纶/莫代尔/锦包氨面料的后处理工艺,其特征在于,步骤四中所述柔软处理具体为:将水注入处理缸内,加入染色坯布,再加入柔软剂,柔软剂加入量为30g/L~40g/L,一浸一轧,轧液率70%~80%,所述开定处理具体为:按坯布重量计,先加入3%柔软剂,于180℃、25m/min、超喂40%下进行开定处理,针架大于幅宽1-2cm。
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