CN106465699B - A method for improving grassland productivity based on the coupling of livestock, poultry and grass - Google Patents
A method for improving grassland productivity based on the coupling of livestock, poultry and grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN106465699B CN106465699B CN201610872999.8A CN201610872999A CN106465699B CN 106465699 B CN106465699 B CN 106465699B CN 201610872999 A CN201610872999 A CN 201610872999A CN 106465699 B CN106465699 B CN 106465699B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for being coupled based on livestock and poultry grass and improving Productivity, the following steps are included: being put in a suitable place to breed on the meadow of degeneration meadow of the selection vegetation cover degree not higher than 50% or locust density 10 every square metre or more, it is required that phytobiocoenose height is lower than 30cm, it is ensured that poultry can see pouity dwelling place；According to the usable floor area on the meadow of selection and feeding fowl purpose, the breeding density of poultry and the placement of scale and pouity dwelling place are determined, and the distance between pouity dwelling place is adjusted according to the breeding density of determining poultry；By poultry seedling after de- temperature processing, using pouity dwelling place free-ranging on the meadow of selection, guarantee drinking water supply abundance, dusk supplement feed grain daytime；According to the vegetation state and edaphic condition of grazing pasture, every the position of 1-2 months mobile pouity dwelling places, and the excrement of accumulation is uniformly let go to pouity dwelling place surrounding；Harvest birds, beasts and eggs and poultry product；After poultry breeding period, increased herbage is gathered in and/or herd sheep and cattle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grassland ecological environment administering methods, more particularly to a kind of coupled based on livestock and poultry grass to improve meadow
The method of productivity.
Background technique
4,000,000,000 mu of northern China grassland area, due to overgrazing for years, different degrees of degeneration is had resulted in, is lured
The ecological problems such as sandstorm, the worm plague of rats have been sent out, the performance of its Ecosystem Service is directly affected, and have influenced surrounding area ecology
Environmental quality brings harm to local economy social development.
The main reason for herd sheep and cattle is taken as always the main production function on meadow, Grassland ecological degeneration, which is to overload, puts
It herds, as long as mitigating grazing pressure, most Degraded Pastures can be restored under the action of natural force.Taboo is sealed however, taking
Though herd, Ecological Immigration, a series of policies and measures such as returning husbandry to grassland can restorated sandlot ecological functions, in no substitution industry
Under the premise of, promotion pastoral area, which subtracts poultry or prohibits, herds, and has injured the economic well-being of workers and staff of peasants and herdsmen, therefore often by the conflict of peasants and herdsmen.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sides for coupling raising Productivity based on livestock and poultry grass
Method, using the predation eliminating pest of omnivorousness poultry, utilizes poultry by putting poultry in a suitable place to breed by certain specification on meadow
Excreta increase soil fertility, promote grassland vegetation growth, while restoring degeneration meadow, drive poultry produce synchronization
Development, thus realize biology go out locust, recovered grassland, improve meadow fertility, improve grass yield, develop poultry production, increase agriculture and animal husbandry
The multiple target of people's income.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: one kind improving meadow production based on the coupling of livestock and poultry grass
The method of power, comprising the following steps:
1) on the meadow for selecting degeneration meadow of the vegetation cover degree not higher than 50% or locust density 10 every square metre or more
It is put in a suitable place to breed, it is desirable that phytobiocoenose height is lower than 30cm, it is ensured that poultry can see pouity dwelling place；
2) according to the usable floor area on the meadow of selection and feeding fowl purpose, the breeding density and scale of poultry are determined, and
The placement of pouity dwelling place, and the distance between pouity dwelling place is adjusted according to the breeding density of determining poultry；
3) by poultry seedling after de- temperature processing, using pouity dwelling place free-ranging on the meadow of selection, daytime guarantees drinking water
It is in liberal supply, dusk supplement feed grain；According to the vegetation state and edaphic condition of grazing pasture, every 1-2 months mobile pouity dwelling places
Position, and the excrement of accumulation is uniformly let go to pouity dwelling place surrounding；
4) birds, beasts and eggs and poultry product are harvested；
5) after poultry breeding period, increased herbage is gathered in and/or herd sheep and cattle.
Meadow in the step 1) is natural meadow or artificial pasture.
Pouity dwelling place is placed on the position of high-land, not ponding in the step 2).
Pouity dwelling place in the step 2) includes: mobile cage body, and the hopper of the top of the cage body is arranged in, and is arranged in institute
The feeder for stating cage body interior bottom portion is arranged in the nipple-shaped drinker of the cage body inside top, and is arranged in the cage body
The leakage excrement net of bottom；Wherein, vertical hinged door is provided in the middle part of at least one side of the cage body；The hopper is downward in center
Inclined funnel-form, the feeder are connected by feeder pipe with the minimum point at the hopper center；The nipple-shape drinking-water
Device is connected by water pipe with water source point；The leakage excrement net is apart from ground a certain distance.
The angle that the center of the hopper tilts down is 9 °, and the size of the hopper is 75cm × 75cm × 10cm.
Hopper lid with matching is additionally provided at the top of the hopper.
The mesh size of the leakage excrement net is 2cm × 16cm, between the leakage excrement net and the ground for placing the chicken coop
Distance is 5cm, is also equipped with dropping tray below the leakage excrement net.
It is when supporting fowl purpose, using the breeding density of 1/mu with locust of going out in the step 2)；It is to support fowl with culture fertility
When purpose, using the breeding density for being not higher than 30/mu.
Poultry in the step 3) is chicken, duck or goose.
The breeding period of poultry is 4 months in the step 3), and only the summer on meadow cultivates one batch.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme, which has the following advantages: 1, one kind of the invention is based on livestock and poultry grass coupling
The method for improving Productivity is closed, has fully considered the climate characteristic, space characteristics, topography and geomorphology, plant on northern China meadow
By feature and soil characteristic, the omnivorousness poultry for introducing small density is put in a suitable place to breed, easy to operate, will not be done great damage to meadow.
2, a kind of method for coupling raising Productivity based on livestock and poultry grass of the invention, only the summer on meadow cultivates one batch, puts in a suitable place to breed
Poultry section grain save this, growth cycle is long, and disease is few, with good meat quality, high financial profit.3, one kind of the invention is based on livestock and poultry grass coupling
The method for improving Productivity is closed, puts after poultry that pest is controlled, soil fertility gets a promotion in a suitable place to breed, forage yield obtains greatly
Amplitude improves, and for improving local environment, increasing household's actions, plays a positive role.4, one kind of the invention is based on
The method that the coupling of livestock and poultry grass improves Productivity, using inside by the pouity dwelling place of setting feeder and nipple-shaped drinker, structure
More rationally, facilitate the supplementary feeding and drinking-water of chicken, be conducive to chicken and the culture of nest habit and fixed point are laid eggs the culture of habit.5, this hair
It is bright it is a kind of the method for improving Productivity is coupled based on livestock and poultry grass, the hopper capacity of the pouity dwelling place used is up to 15 liters, can be with
It realizes the feed of addition in 7~8 days, supplies water by the way that pipeline is unified, avoid everyday plus the labour of water puts into, so that labor
Power investment is greatly reduced, and the operation is more convenient, saves labour.4, one kind of the invention is based on the coupling of livestock and poultry grass and improves grass
The method of ground productivity, the poultry house structure used is simple, convenient for assembling and uses, and use cost is low, is conducive to family's examination and supports, herds chicken
It invests pressure and marketing risk is small, be conducive to the popularization and application of herding chicken in grassland technology, can be widely applied to degeneration grassland ecology
The recovery of function.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view that pouity dwelling place is used in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view that pouity dwelling place is used in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
On the basis of studying many years, the invention proposes the methods of " coupling of livestock and poultry grass " that improves Productivity, lead to
The poultry for introducing omnivorousness and supplementary feeding feed grain are crossed, makes full use of on grassland that ultraviolet light is strong, air stream is had friendly relations, natural Chinese medicinal herb
Advantage abundant keeps the individual for the poultry put in a suitable place to breed healthy and strong, the use of hormone, antibiotic is avoided, thus the fowl of output high-quality
Egg product；The poultry of small density, which is put in a suitable place to breed, to do great damage to meadow, opposite, the excretas such as excrement of poultry are dissipated at it
It is uniformly sowed during supporting, culture fertility；Poultry is further reduced the loss of herbage to the feeding of the pests such as locust, ensure that grass
The raising of the fast-growth and forage yield of ground vegetation；Meadow after poultry free-ranging can be used to certain amount of beating the grass or herd
Cattle and sheep, promote the development of Grass livestock industry.
By the way that the birds of omnivorousness are introduced Grassland ecosystems, the matter and energy for improving Grassland ecosystems is followed
Ring optimizes the structure of grassland agriculture；The climatic characteristic for making full use of the meadow rain hot same period, optimizes grassland resources utilization
Spatial and temporal pattern, the industrial chain of the food chain of Grassland ecosystems and market is combined, more reasonably using grass
Ground resource, promotes the raising of degeneration meadow soil fertility and grass yield, so that peasants and herdsmen's income be significantly increased, realizes ecology
It protects, the multiple target of ecological recovery and economic development.
Based on the above principles, a kind of method that raising Productivity is coupled based on livestock and poultry grass provided by the invention, specifically
The following steps are included:
1) meadow for putting poultry in a suitable place to breed is selected.
It is typically chosen in the grass of degeneration meadow of the vegetation cover degree not higher than 50% or locust density 10 every square metre or more
It is put in a suitable place to breed on the ground, thick grass phytobiocoenose height is lower than 30cm, it is ensured that poultry can see pouity dwelling place.
2) it is go out locust or culture fertility according to fowl purpose is supported, determines the breeding density of poultry for 1/mu or not higher than 30
Only/mu, and determine the placement of pouity dwelling place.
Pouity dwelling place is typically placed in that topography is slightly higher, position of not ponding, and each pouity dwelling place generally accommodates medium-sized poultry 30
Only.The control of poultry breeding density is in 30/mu hereinafter, using different breeding density according to different feeding fowl purposes: with locust of going out
It is put in a suitable place to breed when as the main purpose using low-density, about 1/mu；It is put in a suitable place to breed when with culture fertility as the main purpose using high density, about 30
Only/mu.Breeding density is generally not more than 30/mu, so as not to put in a suitable place to breed current year do great damage to vegetation after cause wind erosion husky
Change.The distance between pouity dwelling place is adjusted according to the breeding density of determining poultry, when breeding density is 30/mu, pouity dwelling place
The distance between be 26 meters or so.
3) poultry is put in a suitable place to breed.
The breeding period of poultry is about 4 months, and only the summer (5-9 month) on meadow cultivates one batch.Late May is young by poultry
Seedling arrests to be put into pouity dwelling place in night and recognizes nest after de- temperature processing, and second day early morning opened the door of pouity dwelling place, and poultry is allowed freely to live
It is dynamic；After the dusk, poultry entered pouity dwelling place, the door of pouity dwelling place is closed, prevents wild beast from invading；Poultry can recognize nest after a period of time, be not required to
Continue to arrest, only needs the door for switching pouity dwelling place sooner or later.Poultry, in meadow, guarantees that drinking water supply is sufficient daytime using pouity dwelling place free-ranging,
A small amount of feed grain is supplemented at dusk, and section grain saves this, and growth cycle is long, and disease is few, with good meat quality, high financial profit.
According to the vegetation state and edaphic condition of grazing pasture, the position of regular mobile pouity dwelling place every 1-2 months, with adjustment
The distribution of group of birds, and the excrement of accumulation is uniformly let go around.Pouity dwelling place adjustment can be carried out in night, enter pouity dwelling place to poultry
It is shifted after inside inhabiting with pouity dwelling place, moves pouity dwelling place to desired position, poultry guarantees second day poultry with regard to nest habit
Original pouity dwelling place can still be returned to.
4) harvest of poultry and Related product.
After poultry, which reaches, lays eggs the age, poultry is conducive to poultry to the familiarity of pouity dwelling place environment and lays eggs in pouity dwelling place；Poultry
Slaughterhouse's sale can be transported after maturation to, increase peasants and herdsmen's income.
5) it is operated after poultry is put in a suitable place to breed.
It puts the excretas such as the excrement left in a suitable place to breed by poultry and improves soil nutrient, the damage of herbage is reduced by biological locust of going out
It loses, ensure that the forage yield in the recovery and meadow of vegetation increases substantially.Therefore after poultry is put in a suitable place to breed, increased Herbage harvest
It can be used to beat the grass and/or herd sheep and cattle, to improve forage yield and animal number, the sustainable development for local animal husbandry is provided
Reliable material guarantee.Carry out and increases good poultry egg products, grass product, livestock products on the meadow of livestock and poultry grass coupling, it is economical
Income increases substantially.
In above-described embodiment, meadow in the step 1) concretely natural meadow or artificial pasture.
In above-described embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the pouity dwelling place in the step 2) is a kind of moveable, water supply feed
Integrated small pouity dwelling place is provided for poultry and is inhabited and supplementary feeding place comprising cage body 1, hopper 2, feeder 3, nipple-shape drinking-water
Device 4 and leakage excrement net 5；Wherein, cage body 1 can shift position as needed, be provided in the middle part of at least one side of cage body 1 and be opened flat
Door 6；The top of cage body 1 is arranged in hopper 2, and the bottom inside cage body 1 is arranged in the funnel-form tilted down in center, feeder 3
Portion, and be connected by feeder pipe 7 with the minimum point at 2 center of hopper, so that the Feed Energy in hopper 2 all arrives at feeder 3；
The top inside cage body 1 is arranged at least one nipple-shaped drinker 4, and is connected by water pipe 8 with water source point；Leak excrement net 5
The bottom of cage body 1 is set, and has a certain distance apart from ground, to guarantee chicken manure with row with leakage.
In above-described embodiment, the angle that the center of hopper 2 tilts down is 9 ° or so, and the size of hopper 2 can be 75cm
× 75cm × 10cm, capacity are up to 15 liters, and the feed of addition in 7~8 days may be implemented.
In above-described embodiment, it is additionally provided with hopper lid 9 with matching at the top of hopper 2, can prevent rainwater from drenching feeding
Material or feed are blown to four winds and are contaminated.
In above-described embodiment, the mesh size for leaking excrement net 5 can be 2cm × 16cm, leakage excrement net 5 and the ground for placing chicken coop
The distance between be 5cm, can guarantee chicken manure with row with leakage.
In above-described embodiment, also mountable dropping tray 10 below excrement net 5 is leaked, the cleaning of chicken manure is facilitated.
In above-described embodiment, the poultry in the step 3) is usually chicken, also can be duck or goose.
Below to exhale putting in a suitable place to breed for the 400 mu of Degenerated grounds that large loud, high-pitched sound is looked into recklessly all loud, high-pitched sound bush Ba Yin in Inner Mongol Zhenglan Banner match sound
For the thin and small hen of North China, a kind of method that raising Productivity is coupled based on livestock and poultry grass of the invention is illustrated:
1) meadow for putting North China thin and small hen in a suitable place to breed is selected.The place of putting in a suitable place to breed of selection is located at the large loud, high-pitched sound of Ba Yin Hu and looks into gravel road east side
About 400 mu of degeneration meadow, soil is slightly saline and alkaline, initial vegetation cover degree, height, ground biomass be respectively 30%, 25cm,
50g/㎡。
2) breeding density of North China thin and small hen and the placement of scale and henhouse are determined.
Using moveable, supplying water is fed integrated henhouse, each henhouse can accommodate medium-sized North China thin and small hen 30
Only, 10000-12000 is put in a suitable place to breed every year only, the distance between pouity dwelling place is 26 meters or so.Small henhouse will be moved and be placed on topography slightly
High, not ponding position.
3) breeding period of chicken is about 4 months, and free-ranging chicken in grassland only cultivates one batch in summer (5-9 month).Late May will be through
The North China thin and small hen for crossing de- temperature processing utilizes pouity dwelling place free-ranging in meadow, guarantees that drinking water supply is sufficient, supplements raise on a small quantity at dusk daytime
Expect grain, every chicken daily supplements grain less than or equal to 50 grams.The regular position of mobile henhouse every other month, and by the excrement of accumulation
It uniformly lets go around.
4), 5) slightly.
By practice in 3 years, soil nutrient was greatly improved in the excretas such as excrement of chicken, and locust density is almost nil,
Vegetation cover degree, height, ground biomass have respectively reached 95%, 60cm, 450g/ ㎡, and forage yield increases 60 tons/year.Show
Model family is increased substantially by selling poultry egg products and herbage, economic well-being of workers and staff.
The various embodiments described above are merely to illustrate the present invention, wherein the structure of each component, setting position and its connection type etc.
It may be changed, all equivalents and improvement carried out based on the technical solution of the present invention should not arrange
In addition in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of couple the method for improving Productivity based on livestock and poultry grass, comprising the following steps:
1) it selects to be put on the meadow of degeneration meadow of the vegetation cover degree not higher than 50% or locust density 10 every square metre or more
It supports, it is desirable that phytobiocoenose height is lower than 30cm, it is ensured that poultry can see pouity dwelling place；
2) according to the usable floor area on the meadow of selection and feeding fowl purpose, the breeding density and scale and pouity dwelling place of poultry are determined
Placement, and the distance between pouity dwelling place is adjusted according to the breeding density of determining poultry；
Pouity dwelling place in the step 2 includes:
Mobile cage body,
The hopper of the top of the cage body is set,
The feeder of the cage body interior bottom portion is set,
The nipple-shaped drinker of the cage body inside top is set, and
The leakage excrement net of the cage body bottom is set；
Wherein, vertical hinged door is provided in the middle part of at least one side of the cage body；The hopper is in the leakage that center tilts down
Bucket-shaped, the feeder is connected by feeder pipe with the minimum point at the hopper center；The nipple-shaped drinker passes through water
Pipe is connected with water source point；The leakage excrement net is apart from ground a certain distance；
The angle that the center of the hopper tilts down is 9 °, and the size of the hopper is 75cm × 75cm × 10cm；
It is when supporting fowl purpose, using the breeding density of 1/mu with locust of going out in the step 2；It is to support fowl purpose with culture fertility
When, using the breeding density for being not higher than 30/mu；
3) by poultry seedling after de- temperature processing, using pouity dwelling place free-ranging on the meadow of selection, daytime guarantees drinking water supply
Abundance, dusk supplement feed grain；According to the vegetation state and edaphic condition of grazing pasture, every the position of 1-2 months mobile pouity dwelling places
It sets, and the excrement of accumulation is uniformly let go to pouity dwelling place surrounding；
Poultry in the step 3) is chicken, duck or goose；
The breeding period of poultry is 4 months in the step 3), and only the summer on meadow cultivates one batch；
4) birds, beasts and eggs and poultry product are harvested；
5) after poultry breeding period, increased herbage is gathered in and/or herd sheep and cattle.
2. a kind of method for coupling raising Productivity based on livestock and poultry grass as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Meadow in step 1) is natural meadow or artificial pasture.
3. a kind of method for coupling raising Productivity based on livestock and poultry grass as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Pouity dwelling place is placed on the position of high-land, not ponding in step 2.
4. a kind of method for coupling raising Productivity based on livestock and poultry grass as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Hopper lid with matching is additionally provided at the top of hopper.
5. a kind of method for coupling raising Productivity based on livestock and poultry grass as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The mesh size for leaking excrement net is 2cm × 16cm, and the distance between the leakage excrement net and the ground for placing chicken coop are 5cm, the leakage
Dropping tray is also equipped with below excrement net.
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| CN107637210A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-30 | 普定县红祥养殖专业合作社 | A kind of goose cultural method for improving soil fertility |
| CN114586738A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-07 | 西南林业大学 | Poultry ecological stocking and breeding method |
| CN115462346A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-12-13 | 贵州大学 | A method for breeding Guizhou yellow cattle and cows combining agriculture and animal husbandry |
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| CN102524172A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for herding chicken in grassland |
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| CN204796475U (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-25 | 江西天韵农业开发有限公司 | Feeding device is bred to egg duck |
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| CN101773026A (en) * | 2009-01-12 | 2010-07-14 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for recovering development and production of vegetation of sandy pasture |
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