CN106461321A - Method for purifying, cooling and separating a gaseous mixture and associated apparatus - Google Patents
Method for purifying, cooling and separating a gaseous mixture and associated apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106461321A CN106461321A CN201580023553.1A CN201580023553A CN106461321A CN 106461321 A CN106461321 A CN 106461321A CN 201580023553 A CN201580023553 A CN 201580023553A CN 106461321 A CN106461321 A CN 106461321A
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- impurity
- heat exchanger
- gas
- admixture
- solidification
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04242—Cold end purification of the feed air
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
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- F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/08—Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
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- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/40—Features relating to the provision of boil-up in the bottom of a column
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- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
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- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/10—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using combined expansion and separation, e.g. in a vortex tube, "Ranque tube" or a "cyclonic fluid separator", i.e. combination of an isentropic nozzle and a cyclonic separator; Centrifugal separation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2205/20—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using solidification of components
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- F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/40—Separating high boiling, i.e. less volatile components from air, e.g. CO2, hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/32—Compression of the product stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/52—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being oxygen enriched compared to air, e.g. "crude oxygen"
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
- F25J2270/908—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by regenerative chillers, i.e. oscillating or dynamic systems, e.g. Stirling refrigerator, thermoelectric ("Peltier") or magnetic refrigeration
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cooling, purifying and separating a gaseous mixture (1) containing at least one impurity, in which the gaseous mixture is cooled to a temperature no higher than the temperature at which the at least one impurity solidifies in a heat exchanger (3, 3A) having cooling passages, the cooling passages being at least partially covered with a coating and/or physically treated and/or chemically treated, the coating and/or the treatment serving to limit or even to prevent the solidified impurity from forming and/or adhering to a surface of the passages; at least one portion (5B, 19) of the solidified impurity exiting the cooling passages of the heat exchanger is collected; and the gaseous mixture is drawn from the heat exchanger.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method for purifying, cooling down and separating admixture of gas and relate to a kind of for purifying
Equipment with cooling admixture of gas.When admixture of gas must be cooled to less than condensing temperature or even it comprises
During the temperature of the solidification temperature of one of gas component, this can cause special problem.If for cooling down this admixture of gas
Heat exchanger is, it may for example comprise the plate-fin exchangers of the passage that this admixture of gas cools down wherein, then these passages have
Formed the risk of solid obstruction on wall at passage.
This problem for air separate expert be especially known to because routinely by air to be distilled in heat exchange
On the wall of the passage that the water cooling down in device and containing in atmosphere and carbon dioxide are deposited on the first heat exchanger.Lead at these
Before road blocks, this air is delivered to another heat exchanger to be cooled, and this first heat exchanger is existed by making nitrogen
These passages pass through and reheats so that then fusing evaporates water and remove removing carbon dioxide.
These systems have been abandoned so that the purifying swum on the heat exchanger replaces decades ago.This
Becoming in common strategy, air is dried and carbon dioxide removal and then cold by the adsorption process in purifying in front end
But.
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of for for purifying and cooling down or even liquid gas mixture normal
The replacement scheme of rule strategy.
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of for the air gas separation unit for operating at low temperatures with other points
From and/or the replacement scheme of general purification strategy of liquefaction unit.In these liquefaction unit, it can be mentioned be air liquefaction
Unit (for example, is used for storing energy, for the unit of the gas (such as nitrogen) that liquefaction is produced by separation air, and is used for
The unit of liquefied natural gas.Other examples of separative element include for example for separating carbon dioxide at temperatures below ambient
The unit of mixture, this mixture contain at least 30% carbon dioxide and also hydrogen and/or methane and/or oxygen and/
Or carbon monoxide.These separative elements can also is that for cryogenic separation hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide and/or nitrogen and/or first
The unit of the mixture of alkane, this mixture contains at least one in these components of at least 10mol%.
The research of new process for treating surface makes it possible to imagination and is directly dried air in main switch and/or de-
Carbon dioxide, its mode is so that condense the CO of then freezing water and/or freezing2Have reduction adhesiveness or even more so that
They no longer stick on the wall of this interchanger and hence in so that blocking is increased up the passage of the air side at this interchanger
Blocked.
It is known that process surface or cover by the coating in the field very different with the cryogenic separation of admixture of gas
They, particularly reduction or even anti-stagnant ice or frost is being exposed to air element (such as aircraft, wind turbine and stringing tower)
Adhesion on metal surface.These surfaces it is also possible that in some cases, reduce the amount of the ice being formed.
Substantial amounts of surface treatment makes it possible to reduce the adhesion of ice.These are known as the place of " passive anti-icing process "
Reason, it is normally based on silicone or fluorocarbon polymer (non-exhaustive inventory), as described in US-A-2013/0305748.
Such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PTFE, also with title teflonIt is known that owing to low surface tension is permitted
The weak adhesion of Xu Bing, as M.G.Ferrick, N.D.Mulherin, B.A.Coutermarsh, G.D.Durell,
L.A.Curtis, T.L.St.Clair, E.S.Weiser, R.J.Cano, T.M.Smith, C.G.Stevenson and
E.C.Martinez, adheres to science and technology magazine (Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology),
Described in 26 (2012) 473.Based on polysiloxanesR2180 coating also makes it possible to significantly reduce ice
Adhesion.
The another kind of coating based on (DLC or " diamond-like-carbon ") amorphous carbon is used to have been obtained for the result being similar to,
As described in US-A-8524318.Make it possible to limit other examples of coating of the adhesion to aluminium alloy for the ice be by
Menini et al., cold district science and technology (Cold Regions Science and Technology), 65 (2011)
65 reports.
In most of the cases, these process the hydrophobicity increasing surface, and this makes it possible to increase water on these surfaces
On contact angle and therefore reduce interaction between water and surface.Therefore, it is possible to reduce the table of the adhesion of ice
Face is typically hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic, as at L.Foroughi Mobarakeh, R.Jafari and M.Farzaneh, applies table
Face science (Applied Surface Science), described in 284 (2013) 459.
It is also possible to use include both hydrophobicity and hydrophilic region uneven surface reduce ice adhesion, as
Described in WO-A-05075112.In this case, process makes it possible to suitably control water crystallization region, and this is at gas
Promote with the help of body or liquid wash to eliminate ice.
Another type of surface makes it possible to reduce the adhesion of ice, and these are the surfaces of lubrication.This surface impregnation has
Lubricant, this lubricant can based on fluorocarbons such asOr based on silicone oil, as at WO-A-2012/100100 and
Described in US-A-2006/0281861.
Using such surface, ice contacts with lubricant i.e. liquid phase, thus adhesion is very weak.This lubricant also has
Having another advantage, it makes it possible to improve the corrosion resistance on surface.
In the example up to the present enumerated, face coat makes it possible to reduce the adhesion of ice.Upper in the present invention
Hereinafter may certify that favourable another type of surface be so that the formation of the ice that is possible to slow down be referred to as " actively anti-icing
The coating of coating ".
It is known that be possibly used salt or ethylene glycol type compound reduction ice formation temperature.In fact when polymer-type
Compound, usual hygroscopic polymer, phenomenon similar when being grafted on surface can occur.
Such coating can reduce ice and form temperature and reduce the amount of ice of formation.Foremost coating in this regard
It is the ethylene glycol type (US-A-2010/0086789) but anti-fog coatings being inspired by the structure of the protein with similar effect,
As at L.Makkonen, adhere to science and technology magazine, described in 26 (2012) 413.
Finally, some process makes it possible to combine two kinds of effects：Change frost type and minimizing its adhesion, as by
J.Chen, R.Dou, D.Cui, Q.Zhang, Y.Zhang, F.Xu, X.Zhou, J.Wang, Y.Song and L.Jiang, ACS applies
Material and interface (Applied Materials and Interfaces), 5 (2013) 4026 describe.For including moisture absorption
The surface of the micro-structural of polymer substrate (for example based on polyacrylic acid), situation is so.These surfaces make it possible to hold
Change places and eliminate the ice being formed and there is the advantage using water as lubricant, the moisture that therefore this surface is contained in atmosphere
It is certainly to be provided with lubricant under help.
It is also known that and for example limited by Joule effect or pneumatic pulsation system by heating or even prevent frost
Formed.
There is also use and have the gas stream of enough flows or the technology of the input of mechanical energy and/or electric energy, it is permissible
Combining to be easily separated impurity with coating and/or process, the adhesion of these impurity has been decreased by.
Those skilled in the art, it is the expert in terms of cryogenic purincation and cooling or separation or liquifying method, does not has
Catch up with regard to for limiting or the development of the surface treatment of the formation from the teeth outwards of even anti-stagnant ice and/or adhesion and coating.This
A part for invention comes from following understanding：These technology can be applied to cooling and purification art, for example, divide at low temperatures
From or liquefaction (such as distillation) or the another kind upstream of method that operates at low temperatures use.
GB-A-917286 describes a kind of low temperature separating methods, wherein contains the gas of carbon dioxide by two interchangers
Alternately cooling down, each interchanger allows the heat exchange between only two kinds fluids and each interchanger to include being designed to avoid
The region of the deposition of carbon dioxide.
In this case, because the passage cooling down gas to be separated during being directed at the period 1 is additionally operable to second
Separated gas is reheated, it is necessary that in interchanger, provide the wing of equal number of passage and same type during cycle
Piece is to obtain the operation of symmetry during two operation cycles.
Heat exchanger from GB-A-917286 is inevitably made up of at least two exchange main body and can not be single
The main body of block.
Depending on admixture of gas to be separated, cryogenic separation is at most 0 DEG C or even at least-50 DEG C or even exist
Occur at least-100 DEG C.
" hot junction " is the part of the heat exchanger being found under maximum average temperature operation." cold end " is to be found in
The part of the heat exchanger of operation at a temperature of harmonic(-)mean.
Heat exchanger is to carry out the single exchange main body of heat exchange or multiple exchange main body.
Admixture of gas to be cooled enters in the hot junction of interchanger and generally leaves this interchanger at cold end.
Generally, heat exchanger is installed so that its hot junction of discovery towards top and its cold end towards bottom.?
In some cases, as described later, the present invention may need hot junction is placed in bottom and cold end is placed in top.
This heat exchanger is normally placed at the cold box interior of thermal insulation.It has also been found that other of separation equipment in this ice chest
Element, such as distillation column.
Contain water and CO with regard to purifying2The conclusion of gas be to carry out purified gases by condensation/solidification more than absorption
Amount is effectively.It also makes it possible to eliminate or reduce (be for example used for being purified by absorption according to the equipment that prior art uses
Equipment) size.If this purifying is under atmospheric pressure to carry out, then this has particular advantage, because going out at interchanger
At Kou colder, CO2, an and part for particularly minor impurity, stoped by even better, this makes it possible to simplify or very
To elimination downstream purification and/or the design and/or the operation that simplify some downstream equipment (for example, evaporimeter).
A theme according to the present invention, provides a kind of for cooling down, purifying and separating containing at least one impurity
The method of admixture of gas, wherein should be cooled to temperature below by the admixture of gas containing at least one impurity, and this temperature is low
In or be equal to the temperature that solidifies in a heat exchanger of this at least one impurity, it is logical that this heat exchanger includes that at least one has cooling
The exchange main body in road, these cooling ducts are designed to reduce adhesion on the surface of these passages for the impurity of this solidification, receive
Collection leaves at least the one of the cooling duct of this heat exchanger and/or the impurity of this solidification at the by-level of this heat exchanger
Part and from this heat exchanger, preferably discharge this admixture of gas (optionally at least partial liquefaction), this gas at cold end
Mixture optionally cooling and this admixture of gas is delivered to column system will pass through at low temperature or even cryogenic temperature again
Lower distillation separates, in order to produce two kinds of fluids, and both fluids are each rich in a kind of component of this admixture of gas, and it is special
Levy and be that these cooling ducts are covered by the coating at least in part and/or carry out physical treatment and/or carry out chemical treatment, this painting
Layer and/or this process are used for limiting or even prevent the formation of the impurity of this solidification on the surface of these passages and/or glue
Attached, and it is characterized in that
I) during the substantially whole time carrying out separated, this admixture of gas (is set having cooling duct
Be calculated as reducing adhesion on the surface of these passages for the impurity of this solidification) each exchange main body in cooling, and/or
Ii) both fluids, each a kind of component rich in this mixture, have each exchange main body of cooling duct
Middle reheating, these cooling ducts are designed to reduce adhesion on the surface of these passages for the impurity of this solidification.
According to other optional aspects：
This admixture of gas of-discharge contains at least a portion of the impurity of this solidification,
-this admixture of gas comprises at least one component, preferred key component, and this component is not solid in this heat exchanger
It is that change and optionally do not liquefy,
-this admixture of gas comprises at least two component, preferred key component, and these components are not in this heat exchanger
Solidification and optionally do not liquefy,
-impurity be account for this admixture of gas be less than 10mol% or 5mol% or even 1mol% or even
The component of 0.1mol% or even 0.01mol%,
-this admixture of gas is purified to remove at least of this at least one impurity in this heat exchanger upstream
Point, this part account for this impurity comprising in this admixture of gas swum on this method between 20% and 95%,
-this admixture of gas is not purified to remove at least of this at least one impurity in this heat exchanger upstream
Point,
-by means of phase separator and/or worm screw at least of impurity of this solidification of collected downstream at this heat exchanger
Point,
-these cooling ducts are physically changed at least in part, and this process is used for limiting or even prevent to lead at these
The formation of the impurity of this solidification on the surface in road and/or adhesion,
-this cooled admixture of gas is in the downstream of this heat exchanger and/or at least one of this heat exchanger
Between level process, in order to eliminate in gaseous state and/or the impurity of liquid and/or solid form,
-this cooled admixture of gas is only in the downstream of this heat exchanger and not at least one of this heat exchanger
By-level is processed, in order to eliminate in gaseous state and/or the impurity of liquid and/or solid form,
-this cooled admixture of gas is only at least one by-level of this heat exchanger and not in this heat exchange
The downstream of device is processed, in order to eliminate in gaseous state and/or the impurity of liquid and/or solid form,
-this admixture of gas is first cooled to temperature below in this heat exchanger, and this temperature is less than or equal to this extremely
Lacking the condensing temperature of a kind of impurity but being higher than its solidification temperature, taking out this admixture of gas from this interchanger should to eliminate
The part in liquid form of impurity and send this admixture of gas containing certain impurity back to this heat exchanger so that will
It is cooled to the solidification temperature of this impurity,
-be present in this heat exchanger entrance (being referred to as hot junction) place this impurity at least 20%, at least 50% or very
To at least 70% or even at least 90% by after the cooling period with solid and/or liquid form at least the one of this heat exchanger
It is collected at individual intermediate point and be eliminated,
-be present in this heat exchanger entrance (being referred to as hot junction) place this impurity most 80%th, most 50% or very
To most 30% or even up to 10% by after the cooling period with solid and/or liquid form at least the one of this heat exchanger
It is collected at individual intermediate point and be eliminated,
-be present in this heat exchanger entrance (being referred to as hot junction) place this impurity at least 50% or even at least
70% or even at least 90% or even at least 99% or even at least 99.9% or even at least 99.99% by directly
It is collected in the downstream of this heat exchanger after outlet cooling at the cold end of this interchanger and be eliminated,
-be present in this heat exchanger entrance (being referred to as hot junction) place this impurity most 50% or even up to
30% or even up to 10% or even up to 1% or even up to 0.1% or even up to 0.01% by until
It is collected in the downstream of this heat exchanger after outlet cooling at the cold end of this interchanger and be eliminated,
-be present in this heat exchanger entrance (being referred to as hot junction) upstream this impurity at least 20%, at least 50%,
Or even at least 70% or even at least 90% or even at least 99% be eliminated,
-be present in this heat exchanger entrance (being referred to as hot junction) upstream this impurity most 80%th, most 50%th,
Or even up to 30% or even up to 10% or even up to 1% be eliminated,
The hot junction of-this heat exchanger is placed in than cold end at higher level,
-in the case of inverted U-shaped interchanger, the hot junction of this heat exchanger is placed in than the cold end of this interchanger or middle water
At flat lower level, and at least the 50% of the impurity (such as water) being present in this admixture of gas to be cooled is in this warm
The entrance (being referred to as hot junction) of interchanger is by being collected with solid or liquid form and being disappeared at the hot junction at this interchanger
Removing, after this hot junction is in this heat exchanger cooling, this impurity (is limited because of its adhesion to wall by gravity drippage
),
-in the case of inverted U-shaped interchanger, the hot junction of this heat exchanger is placed at the level identical with cold end,
-this admixture of gas be air or have hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide and/or methane as key component and should
At least one impurity is the mixture of water and/or carbon dioxide, or has carbon dioxide and optionally hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide
And/or methane and/or oxygen and/or nitrogen and/or argon gas are as the mixing that key component and this at least one impurity are water
Thing,
At least one surface of-these cooling ducts is processed so that it is more coarse and/or makes it lubricate and/or makes
Its hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic and/or water suction and/or moisture absorption, in order to limit or even prevent the formation of the impurity (such as ice) solidifying
And/or adhere to,
-this heat exchanger can include passage, and at least one section of these passages has process and/or coating and/or several
What shape and/or, in the case of plate-fin exchangers, fin type, it is different from must grasp in the range of lower temperature
The process of another section made and/or coating and/or geometry and/or, in the case of plate-fin exchangers, fin class
Type,
-this heat exchanger can include passage, and at least one section of these passages has process and/or coating and/or several
What shape and/or, in the case of plate-fin exchangers, fin type, its be different from the discovery of the downstream of intermediate point for
Another section of the impurity discharging solidification process and/or coating and/or geometry and/or, in the feelings of plate-fin exchangers
Under condition, fin type,
-this admixture of gas is purified by method as above and is cooled down, and optionally again cools down and is sent to post
Will pass through separated under low temperature or even cryogenic temperature in system, in order to produce the one rich in this admixture of gas
At least one fluid of component,
-add again in reheating passage in this heat exchanger rich in this fluid of a kind of component of this admixture of gas
Heat,
-this heat exchanger include at least one for the passage reheating fluid, this at least one reheat passage not yet
Processed or coating to limit or even prevent the formation of impurity (such as ice) and/or the adhesion of solidification,
-at least a portion of impurity of this solidification of cooling duct of leaving this heat exchanger be sent back to this heat exchanger with
Just it is reheated,
At least a portion of the impurity of-this solidification mixes with another kind of gas before being reheated in this heat exchanger,
The impurity of-solidification be sent to this at least one reheat that passage is processed or coating is to limit or very
To formation and/or the adhesion of the impurity (such as ice) preventing solidification,
-collect and leave the cooling duct of this heat exchanger and/or this solidification at the by-level of this heat exchanger
At least a portion of impurity and the discovery of this admixture of gas self is liquefied or follow-up by the downstream of this interchanger
Step is liquefied and/or is separated at temperatures below ambient in the downstream of this interchanger, optionally the downstream at this interchanger
At this less than under environment temperature by after the elimination of the residual impurity being cured,
-kilocalorie is supplied to this admixture of gas of cooling at least one intermediate point of this heat exchanger,
-kilocalorie is supplied to (the preferably middle water at this heat exchanger at least one intermediate point of this heat exchanger
The downstream of at least one of point for that discharge this solidification or liquefaction impurity at flat place or upstream) this gas of cooling down mixes
Compound,
-kilocalorie be supplied to be in-5 DEG C with 5 DEG C at a temperature of between this admixture of gas,
-kilocalorie be supplied to be in-20 DEG C with-30 DEG C at a temperature of between this admixture of gas,
-by least a portion of this admixture of gas is taken out from this heat exchanger and by by it cool down by thousand
Card is supplied to this admixture of gas,
-it is supplied to this gas to mix kilocalorie by means of the refrigerant fluid of the by-level being sent to this heat exchanger
Thing,
-this admixture of gas is cooled down in this heat exchanger continuously,
-this admixture of gas is cooled down in this heat exchanger discontinuously,
-this heat exchanger is until this admixture of gas is cooled to less than 0 DEG C by cold end or even below-50 DEG C or even
Temperature less than-100 DEG C,
-this admixture of gas is under the pressure of atmospheric pressure or superatmospheric,
-this heat exchanger only includes single exchange main body and is the interchanger of monolithic,
-this heat exchanger includes at least two exchange main body,
-this admixture of gas cools down in the cooling channel, and the number of these cooling ducts is not equal to be connected to for carrying
The number of the reheating passage of the device of the first gas,
-this admixture of gas cools down in the cooling channel, and the number of these cooling ducts is not equal to be connected to for carrying
The number of the reheating passage of the device of the second gas,
Each of features above can with other each combination above, except obvious incompatible in the case of.
If the passage of this heat exchanger is processed to limit the deposition of impurity but does not entirely prevent it, then by necessity
Be to remove the solid being formed in these passages, for example by heating and/or by with enough flow velocity (its nominal flow rate or
Higher flow velocity) and/or make this admixture of gas pass through with the high pressure relative to the flow velocity during cooling using and/or pressure
Or by machinery means, for example, pass through the change of gas mixture flow rate or the pulse of gas mixture flow rate, also or directly execute
It is added to the vibration of interchanger.
A theme according to the present invention, provides a kind of mixed for cooling and the gas purifying containing at least one impurity
The equipment of compound, this equipment includes：There is passage for cooling down this admixture of gas and for reheating the passage of gas
Heat exchanger；Have for transmission and stay in this gas comprising at least one impurity being cooled to temperature below in this heat exchanger
The device of mixture, this temperature is less than or equal to this at least one impurity cured temperature；With for from this heat exchanger, preferably
Discharge the device of the optionally at least admixture of gas of partial liquefaction at cold end；With the cooling leaving this heat exchanger for collection
At least one of device of the impurity of passage and/or this solidification at the by-level of this heat exchanger and for by this extremely
The device that the admixture of gas of few a kind of impurity takes out from this heat exchanger, it is characterised in that at least portion, these cooling ducts
Point be covered by the coating and/or carry out physical treatment and/or carry out chemical treatment, this coating and/or this process be used for limiting or
Even prevent formation and/or the adhesion of the impurity of this solidification on the surface of these passages, and it is characterized in that, this equipment
Including be connected to the single heat exchanger of at least one of device of the impurity for collecting this solidification, this heat exchanger is
Monolithic heat exchanger.
According to other optional aspects：
-this equipment includes for the reheating passage of the first gas and the reheating passage for the second gas,
-this equipment includes for miscellaneous to remove this at least one at this admixture of gas of the upstream purification of this heat exchanger
At least one of device of matter,
-at least one of device of impurity of this solidification of collected downstream at this heat exchanger by phase separator
And/or worm screw is constituted,
-this heat exchanger is made up of at least one plate-fin exchangers,
-this heat exchanger is made of aluminum by least two or is made of copper or the plate-fin exchangers that is made of titanium is constituted,
-this heat exchanger is made up of at least one coil heat exchanger,
-this heat exchanger is made up of at least one shell-tube type interchanger,
-this equipment includes for processing in the downstream of this heat exchanger and/or in the middle of at least one of this heat exchanger
This cooled admixture of gas at level to eliminate in gaseous state and/or the device of impurity of liquid and/or solid form,
The hot junction of-this heat exchanger is placed in than cold end at higher level,
-in the case of inverted U-shaped interchanger, the hot junction of this heat exchanger is placed in than the cold end of this interchanger or middle water
At flat lower level, and at least the 50% of the impurity (such as water) being present in this admixture of gas to be cooled is in this warm
The entrance (being referred to as hot junction) of interchanger is by being collected with solid or liquid form and being disappeared at the hot junction at this interchanger
Removing, after this hot junction is in this heat exchanger cooling, this impurity is dripped by gravity,
At least one surface of-these cooling ducts is processed so that it is more coarse and/or makes it lubricate and/or has
Promising hydrophobic and/or super-hydrophobic and/or there is hydrophobic and hydrophilic and/or moisture absorption region surface, in order to limit or even
Prevent formation and/or the adhesion of the impurity (such as ice) of solidification,
The surface of-passage can with or can not impregnated with lubricant,
-this interchanger include at least one for reheat the passage of fluid and this at least one reheat passage extremely
Few one surface is processed so that it is more coarse and/or makes it lubricate and/or make it hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic and/or water suction
And/or moisture absorption, in order to limit or even prevent the formation of impurity (such as ice) and/or the adhesion of solidification.
According to another aspect of the present invention, one is provided for by distilling under low temperature or even cryogenic temperature
The equipment separating, this equipment includes cooling down as above and purifier apparatus and also column system and for will be cold by this
But admixture of gas that is that purify with purifier apparatus and that cool down is sent to the device of this column system.
This separation equipment can not include the device for cooling down this admixture of gas in the downstream of this cooling and purifier apparatus
Part.
This equipment can include for transmit have stay in this heat exchanger reheat passage reheats rich in this
A kind of device of the fluid of the component of admixture of gas.
According to other optional features：
-this heat exchanger include at least one for the passage reheating fluid, this at least one reheat passage not yet
Processed or coating to limit or even prevent the formation of impurity (such as ice) and/or the adhesion of solidification,
-this equipment includes that at least a portion of the impurity of this solidification for the cooling duct by leaving this heat exchanger passes
Deliver to this heat exchanger so that the device being reheated,
-mixed with another kind of gas before making at least a portion of the impurity of this solidification reheat in this heat exchanger
The device closing,
The impurity of-solidification be sent to this at least one reheat that passage is processed or coating is to limit or very
Formation and/or adhesion to the impurity (such as ice) preventing solidification.
This separation and purifier apparatus can include for kilocalorie is supplied at least one intermediate point at this heat exchanger
The device of this admixture of gas of place's cooling.
This separation and purifier apparatus can include for kilocalorie is supplied at least one intermediate point at this heat exchanger
Place's (preferably at least one of point for that discharge this solidification or liquefaction impurity at the by-level of this heat exchanger
Downstream and/or upstream) device of this admixture of gas that cools down.
This separation and purifier apparatus can include for passing through at least a portion of this admixture of gas from this heat exchange
Device takes out the device that kilocalorie is supplied to this admixture of gas.
This separation and purifier apparatus can include for the cold-producing medium by means of the by-level being sent to this heat exchanger
Kilocalorie is supplied to the device of this admixture of gas by fluid.
In the All Policies by liquefaction and condensation separation impurity, problem is via the device (example outside main switch
As, heat pump, refrigeration unit) compensate each one-tenth by energy input (refrigeration supplements (refrigeration make-up) at this)
The enthalpy of phase change dividing.
Supplement if not done by refrigeration, then interchange graph separates at cold end, as shown in Figure 11.
In the curve from Figure 11, it was observed that then solidified by the condensation of water (malaria under 1.4 bars) and make
The bending becoming.Figure 12 is the curve map being supplemented " compensation " by enough refrigeration.
The situation of Figure 12 is to combine CO2The simulation that then solidifies of the condensation of water of solidification.
The present invention will be illustrated in greater detail with reference to the Fig. 1 schematically showing the method according to the invention to 10.
Detailed herein is the flow chart that can apply idea of the invention.They are single-column, low-pressure air separative element
Sketch.They can be exchanged and separate and/or liquifying method to other, are used for H for example as explained above2/ CO mixes
The deep cooling separating method of thing.
Represent in FIG is for using the aluminum plate fin type heat exchanger 3 of soldering and simple distillation post 27 to be steamed by deep cooling
Cut is from the method for air.The method makes it possible to produce oxygen enriched liquid the 43rd, oxygen rich gas 45 and nitrogen-rich gas 47.The aluminium of soldering
The use of plate fin type heat exchanger is not necessarily.This interchanger can use other technologies and can e.g. hand over coiled
Parallel operation or shell-tube type interchanger.
Air 1 to be separated contains water and carbon dioxide, and it must be purified in the upstream of distillation.Passing through filter F
After filtering and compressing in compressor C, the air 1 of compression enters that be made up of single exchange main body and is referred to as " exchange
The heat exchanger 3 of circuit ", and it is not passed through the adsorbent bed being present in routinely in air separation equipment.It is envisaged that it is logical
Cross the part separating during the water condensing during the compression then cooling step of air eliminates at this air the water containing.So
And, at least the 20% of the water being present in surrounding air will be by being removed through this interchanger.On the one hand water then the opposing party
The remainder of face water and CO2Extraction be that two different positions in exchange line 3 are carried out.Close to 0 DEG C
At a temperature of substantial portion of water remove in liquid form (compressing then after cooling step, at the air reaching interchanger 3
Present in 1 water about 75%)：Air 5 in this position is discharged so by separating this air and water 5B in phase separator 2
After reinject the air 5A being dried to complete its cooling and carrying out specifically from its exit of exchange line 3 and its of water
Remaining part is divided and CO2The identical separation of (both is solid).For the latent heat of the liquefaction of compensated impurity and condensation, by means of two
Individual heat pump, for example 0 DEG C and at-25 DEG C at two refrigeration supplement be necessary.
Therefore the air 7 discharged at the by-level of exchange line 3 cools down by means of the first heat pump 4 and this is cooled
Air be sent back to this exchange line 3.
Next the air 11 discharged at the colder by-level of exchange line 3 by supplied by fluid 13 second
Heat pump 6 is cooled.This cooled air 11A is sent back to this exchange line.
Purge water in two steps and the air 15 cooling down has contained ice and drikold and has been sent to
Phase separator 17 and this ice and this drikold 19 are removed.
The wall of cooling duct is processed to limit, even anti-stagnant ice and carbon dioxide from the teeth outwards, lead at least in
The temperature in road is contemplated to formation and/or adhesion less than water and/or the region of the solidification temperature of carbon dioxide.
This process can be physical treatment or installation coating (as described above, e.g. super-hydrophobic) on surface.
Therefore, before being collected in the second phase separator 17, solid water and drikold retain in atmosphere and pass through to be handed over
Thread-changing Lu Zhileng end.
A part (particularly propane, acetylene, propylene, C4+, N of the minor impurity of air2O) also cold at this interchanger
The separator 17 of end separates, or in solid form, or in liquid form.
Purified air 20 is divided into two parts the 23rd, 25.Part 23 is sent to the centre of simple distillation post 27, here it
The nitrogen-rich gas 47 at the top being separated to be formed at post and the oxygen enriched liquid 43 in the bottom of post 27.
The part 15 of air in heat exchanger 59 by condensing at least in part with fluid stream 57 heat exchange, this fluid stream
Cool down by means of the heat pump 21 using magnetocaloric effect.
Cooling fluid 53, typically surrounding air or cooling water are sent to use the heat pump 21 of magnetocaloric effect.Reheat
Water 55 leave heat pump 21.
This post includes bottom reboiler 29 and overhead condenser 31.This reboiler is by mean of and uses magnetocaloric effect
Fluid circuit 41 heating that heat pump 33 connects.This uses the heat pump 33 of magnetocaloric effect to be additionally operable to cool down fluid 37, this fluid
Cooling tower top condenser 31.Fluid 37 and 41 can be identical or different.Oxygen enriched liquid 43 the bottom of post 19 discharge and
In interchanger 3, reheat and be not used in regeneration purification unit because there is not purifying via the nitrogen-rich gas that pipeline 47 is discharged
Unit.Oxygen rich gas 45 is discharged in the bottom of post 27, reheats and compressed by compressor 49 in interchanger 3.
Fig. 1 a shows the variant of Fig. 1, and wherein heat exchanger 3 is to be made up of two exchange main bodys 3a, 3b.Main body 3a, 3b
It is individually plate-fin exchangers as described above but it is contemplated that other technologies.
Different from Fig. 1, within the duration of whole distillation, air 1 is divided into two streams, and one of them is sent to main body
3a and another be sent to main body 3b.These main bodys each have the impurity being designed to reduce solidification on the surface of passage
The cooling duct of adhesion.Each main body 3a, the cooling duct of 3b are covered by the coating at least in part and/or carry out physical treatment
And/or carrying out chemical treatment, this coating and/or this process are for limiting or even preventing the impurity of solidification at these passages
Formation on surface and/or adhesion.It is contemplated that use more than two main body.
The carbon dioxide of solidification and/or (solidification) water are all collected for the two main body and delivers to single container 17.Aobvious
So it is contemplated that several containers of use.
By the air mixing of the purifying from the two main body to form stream 20 and such as Fig. 1 to be continued to its process.
Gas 47 reheats during distilling in the two exchange main body simultaneously, is divided in the upstream of main body 3a, 3b
Two and remix in the downstream of these main bodys.
Gas 45 reheats during distilling in the two exchange main body simultaneously, is divided in the upstream of main body 3a, 3b
Two and remix in the downstream of these main bodys.
Because each passage only receives a kind of gas to be reheated or a kind of gas to be cooled and these stream is steaming
During evaporating reversely, the number of the passage being exclusively used in cooling air for given main body is different from and is intended to reheat the logical of gas 47
The number in road.
The exchange main body of the main body corresponding to one of other figures the 3rd, 3a, 3b of schematically showing in Figure 1b, wherein
It is possible to notice that the number of the passage being exclusively used in cooling admixture of gas (air here) is different from and be exclusively used in reheating the
The number of the passage of one gas (here corresponding to nitrogen N R of nitrogen 47) or be different from and be exclusively used in reheating the second gas
The number of (gaseous oxygen OG here).
In those of at the variant from Fig. 2 with from Fig. 3 to 9, heat exchanger 3 is the heat exchanger of monolithic, and this heat is handed over
Parallel operation occurs the whole period cooling of distillation to be intended to all air for this distillation wherein.There is distillation also wherein in it
Whole period reheats all gas being derived from distillation.On the one hand the water then on the other hand remainder of water and CO2Extraction
It is also that two different positions in exchange line 3 are carried out.But, the temperature of close-25 DEG C (therefore in solid shape
Formula) under substantial portion of water be removed in solid form (be present in reach interchanger 3 air 1 in water about 97%).
Then air 5 reinjects dry air 5A in this position by making this air separate discharge with ice 5B in phase separator 2
To complete its cooling.It is sent to the air of separator 2 to be replenished upstream by the first refrigeration at 0 DEG C and be cooled.
Therefore then first the air 7 discharged at the by-level of exchange line 3 cool down by means of the first heat pump 4 and
Remove to go deicing from this circuit.The cooled air 5A being sent back to exchange line 3 is again cold by the second cooler 6
But.
As Fig. 3, air first in exchange line 3 cool down, it is taken out from this exchange line and
Removing the water in liquid form in separator 2, then purified air 5A cools down in this exchange line, then cold by first
But device 4 cools down, and then cools down in AC line line 3, and then this air is purified to remove water in separator 8, by it at this
Exchange line cools down, then cools down with the second cooler 6 and this air is cooled until cold end.
It should be noted that in all cases, single refrigeration may be only had at exchange line 3 and supplement, or even basic
No, if being willing to trade off energy, then the cold end that necessary refrigeration replenishes interchanger introduces, and here spends at most.
In the variant from Fig. 4, separate water and CO2The order of the step supplementary with refrigeration is as Fig. 1.By about
Discharging liquid water in separating first at 0 DEG C, this liquid water may be used for cooling down machine, such as compressor C.
But the solid in this example, collected in separator 17 or liquid 19 (remainder of water, CO2And other
Minor impurity) it is sent to exchange line 3 to provide the refrigeration to it.This make it possible to reclaim latent heat a part, and because of
This refrigeration reducing or even simplifying necessity is supplemented.
In order to not make exchange line complicate, they can be injected into that at least one is done and cold fluid, such as source
From cryogenic separation, such as nitrogen 47 is to form mixed flow 61.In such a case, it is possible to process nitrogen with caution to reheat passage
At least some to limit or even prevent the deposition of these solids.
Fig. 5 is shown in which to use endless screw system 17A to extract in ice or the impurity of form of mixture of ice liquid body
So as situation about they being directly re-introduced in product.This is instead of the phase separator 17 from other figures.
It is contemplated that other devices for removing solid impurity, this solid impurity can be released in air.Heat is handed over
Parallel operation can periodically cool down the gas containing at least one impurity and this impurity can be melted, such as in this heat exchange
When device is idle.
This solid can also lose the one of the admixture of gas then carrying this solid by pneumatic type by license
Part is discharged.
Fig. 6 is all water and CO being wherein present in the air of hot junction2The removed variant of cold end at exchange line.Can
Providing refrigeration to supplement with the condensation of compensated impurity and solidification, and also has it at the multiple heat pumps of whole exchange line (here
Be by cooling stream the 9th, 13 supply n heat pump PACl, PACn) cooling.This refrigeration is supplemented and can also be entered by the cold temperature of change
OK.It can also be restricted to 1 or 2 refrigeration and supplement.
In the figure 7, a part for impurity is removed by conventional absorbtion piece-rate system A.This part may be constructed the one of existence
Or plurality of impurities between 20% and 95%.Purifying can be carried out by other means in addition to absorption.Then, purge
The fluid of at least one impurity enters exchange line and wherein completes to be removed deimpurity remainder and final dividing by solidification/liquefaction
From.It need nonetheless remain at least one heat pump and comes the liquefaction of compensated impurity and the latent heat of condensation.It is possible to impurity is re-introduced into product
In product, as found out for Figure 4 and 5.The major part of impurity to be removed wherein is removed in conventional system A in upstream
In the case of, refrigeration is supplemented and can the cold end only at interchanger 3 be carried out.
In the variant from Fig. 8, use another piece-rate system E in the exit of fan C to remove the impurity of stream
A part, the such as form with drying wheel.Then, the fluid 1 being still loaded with impurity enters exchange line 3.Impurity is two
It is removed at individual level and heat pump compensates the condensation of these impurity and the latent heat of liquefaction.Freezing water/solid CO2With solid/
Liquid minor impurity reclaims at cold end and does not reinjects them in product.
In the case of from Fig. 9, for the admixture of gas 1 of the water being loaded with in gaseous form, in liquid and/or solid
The water of bodily form formula flows upstream with gas stream 1, and air stream 1 is entered by the bottom of interchanger 3, contrary with routine operation (and also
Being possible to imagine that inverted U-shaped interchanger constructs, wherein hot junction and cold end are in bottom, and intermediate point is at top).
Really, by solidification and/or liquefaction, water become heavier and with cooled back flow of gas fall.It is being handed over
The hot junction of parallel operation 3 occurs in liquid form.
This variant does not use to be separated but typically require to supply in alternating current circuit and freezes.
On the contrary, cold flow 45,47 are left into and through bottom by the top of alternating current circuit.
For the sake of becoming apparent from, this figure is plotted as the water as being present in air and/or ice 19 by being different from them
The passage of the passage entering through declines.
It is true that water and/or ice 19 will be left by its same passage of passage entering by them.
In the variant from Figure 10, for the mixture containing water, the exchange line 3 from Fig. 9 is divided into two and (hands over
Flow Line 3 and 3A) to discharge water between both at intermediate temperatures.Therefore, separate in phase separator supply from
The air cooling down in circuit 3 under the refrigeration of cooler 4 is to remove a part of 5B of water.The remainder of water and/or ice court
Fall to the bottom of circuit 3 and 3A.The air at least partly purifying is supplying under the refrigeration of cooler 6 at exchange line 3A
Middle cool down and then again cool down in circuit 3A.There is not phase separator 17 under this particular case.
When wherein exchange line is divided into two permutoids of series connection, two circuits 3,3A can be with identical
Technology or different technique construction (plate-fin exchangers, coil heat exchanger, shell-tube type interchanger).Similarly, if exchanged
Circuit is identical technology, then they not necessarily have the identical number constructing and with difference can be the size of passage, passage
Mesh, the type of the coating of deposition and/or process for limiting solid, the fin type of use, the material etc. constructing them.
This 11 examples all referring in single-column pass through separated air.Present invention could apply to the deep of air
Cold separation, by any of column system, except describe that in addition to, and use any of means producing refrigeration, remove
Outside those describing.
Air separation equipment can e.g. produce double skies of at least one gaseous product and/or at least one product liquid
Gas splitter.
Present invention can also apply to purify and cooling has its of at least one impurity that can during cooling solidify
His admixture of gas.Impurity be account for this admixture of gas be less than 10mol% or 5mol% or even 1mol% or even
The component of 0.1mol% or even 0.01mol%.
It is specifically for use in other admixture of gas, for example, contain the carbon dioxide of for example, at least 30% and the titanium dioxide of water
The mixture of carbon.In this case, it is processed for the passage of exchange line limiting or even prevent the deposition of water simultaneously
And selection pressure and temperature are to avoid CO2Deposition.Such mixture can lead in the method from Fig. 1 to 10
Cross change operation temperature to separate.
For all of figure, it is possible to use any of and suitable device (for example, the hot cooler of mangneto, compression-swollen
Swollen conventional refrigerant unit, turbine) supply freezed, if any.
In these figures, a part for admixture of gas leaves exchange line to cool down in the element of supply refrigeration,
And the remainder of this admixture of gas continues its cooling in this exchange line.The part freezed by supply and cool down is right
Mix with the remainder also without departing from this mixture of this exchange line afterwards.
It is also possible to whole admixture of gas is taken out from this exchange line to send it to the unit of supply refrigeration
Part and send cooled mixture back to this exchange line.
In the example from these figures, it will be seen that the part of air or several part 7,11 leaves interchanger 3 so that quilt
Cool down and be sent back to (stream 7A, 11A) and arrive this interchanger.It is also possible to use heat in the case of all or part of in the closed circuit
Transmission fluid, heat is transferred to cooling device 4 from heat exchanger 3 by this heat transfer fluid, 6 and return to this heat exchanger so that
To its supply refrigeration.
In all cases, it can be envisaged that in the downstream of interchanger and in the appropriate case phase separator or worm screw
Downstream final purifying is provided, in order to eliminate the remaining impurity in mixing logistics 20.
In all cases, heat exchanger 3 can include passage, at least one section of these passages have process and/
Or coating and/or geometry and/or fin type (in the case of plate-fin exchangers), it is different from must be relatively low
The process of another section of operation and/or coating and/or geometry and/or fin type are (at plate-fin in temperature range
In the case of interchanger).
For example, be in 20 DEG C with 0 DEG C at a temperature of between the channel section of interchanger will locate in one way
Reason or by have a type of coating and be in 0 DEG C with-60 DEG C at a temperature of between channel section will be with another kind
Mode is processed.This process or coating can be selected to adapt to type (gas → liquid, the gas of physical phenomenon change
→ solid, liquid → solid), also or the type (such as water/carbon dioxide) of impurity that discussed.
Heat exchanger 3 can include passage, and at least one section of these passages has process and/or coating and/or geometry
Shape and/or fin type (in the case of plate-fin exchangers), its be different from the downstream of intermediate point discovery for arranging
Go out the process of another section of the impurity of solidification and/or coating and/or geometry and/or fin type (is handed at plate-fin
In the case of parallel operation).
The heat exchanger that this heat exchanger can be made from a different material by least two, for example, the aluminium of a soldering is handed over
The copper interchanger of parallel operation and a soldering, is constituted.
For all of example, during the substantially whole time carrying out separated, this admixture of gas has
Each of cooling duct (being designed to reduce adhesion on the surface of these passages for the impurity of this solidification) exchanges in main body cold
But.
Claims (16)
1. the side being used for cooling down, purify and separate the admixture of gas (1) of at least one impurity containing admixture of gas
Method, wherein should be cooled to temperature below by the admixture of gas containing at least one impurity, and this temperature is less than or equal to this at least
The temperature of a kind of impurity solidification in heat exchanger (3,3A, 3a, 3b), this heat exchanger includes that at least one has cooling duct
Exchange main body, these cooling ducts are designed to reduce adhesion on the surface of these passages for the impurity of this solidification, collect
Leave the impurity of these cooling ducts of this heat exchanger and/or this solidification at the by-level of this heat exchanger at least
A part (5B, 10B, 19) and from this heat exchanger, preferably cold end discharge optionally at least partial liquefaction this gas mix
Compound, the optionally cooling and this admixture of gas is delivered to column system (27) will pass through low again of this admixture of gas
Distill under temperature or even cryogenic temperature and separate, in order to producing two kinds of fluids (43,45,47), both fluids are each rich in this
A kind of component of admixture of gas, it is characterised in that these cooling ducts are covered by the coating at least in part and/or carry out physics
Processing and/or carrying out chemical treatment, this coating and/or this process are for limiting or even preventing the surface at these passages
The formation of impurity of this solidification and/or adhesion, and it is characterized in that
I) during the substantially whole time carrying out this separated, this admixture of gas has each friendship of cooling duct
Cooling down in change owner body, these cooling ducts are designed to reduce adhesion on the surface of these passages for the impurity of this solidification, and/
Or
Ii) both fluids, each a kind of component rich in this mixture, in each the exchange main body have cooling duct again
Heating, these cooling ducts are designed to reduce adhesion on the surface of these passages for the impurity of this solidification.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein this admixture of gas (1) is at this heat exchanger (3,3A, 3a, 3b) upstream quilt
Purifying to remove at least a portion of this at least one impurity, this part accounts in this admixture of gas swum on this method
This impurity comprising between 20% and 95%.
3., such as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein exist by means of phase separator (17) and/or worm screw (17A)
At least a portion of the impurity of this solidification of collected downstream of this heat exchanger (3,3A, 3a, 3b).
4. the method as described in one of aforementioned claim, wherein the downstream of this heat exchanger (3,3A, 3a, 3b) and/or
This cooled admixture of gas is processed to eliminate and being somebody's turn to do in gaseous state and/or liquid at least one by-level of this heat exchanger
The impurity (5B, 10B) of body and/or solid form.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein this admixture of gas (1) in this heat exchanger (3,3A, 3a, 3b) first
Being cooled to temperature below, this temperature is less than or equal to the condensing temperature of this at least one impurity but is higher than its solidification temperature, will
At least a portion (5) of this admixture of gas is taken out to eliminate the part in liquid form of this impurity from this interchanger
(5B, 10B) and send this admixture of gas back to this heat exchanger containing at least a portion of certain impurity so that it is cold
But the solidification temperature to this impurity.
6. the method as described in claim 4 or 5, is wherein present in the hot junction that is referred to as of this heat exchanger (3,3A, 3a, 3b)
At least the 50% of this impurity of porch passes through after the outlet at the cold end until this interchanger cools down at this heat exchanger
Downstream is collected and is eliminated.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the hot junction of this heat exchanger (3,3a, 3b) is placed in more higher than this cold end
At level.
8. the method as described in one of claim 1 to 7, wherein in the case of inverted U-shaped interchanger this heat exchanger (3,3a,
Hot junction 3b) is placed at the level lower than the cold end of this interchanger or by-level, and is present in this gas to be cooled
At least the 50% of impurity in body mixture such as water passes through in this exchange in the porch being referred to as hot junction of this heat exchanger
Solid is sentenced in the hot junction of device or liquid form is collected and is eliminated, and after this hot junction is in this heat exchanger cooling, this is miscellaneous
Will is dripped by gravity.
9. the method as described in one of aforementioned claim, wherein this admixture of gas (1) is air or has hydrogen and/or one
Carbonoxide and/or methane are as the mixture that key component and this at least one impurity are water and/or carbon dioxide, or have
Carbon dioxide and optionally hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide and/or methane and/or oxygen and/or nitrogen and/or argon gas are as mainly
Component and this at least one impurity are the mixtures of water.
10. the method as described in one of aforementioned claim, wherein at least one surface of these cooling ducts is processed
To have for hydrophobic and/or super-hydrophobic and/or there is hydrophobic and hydrophilic and/or moisture absorption region surface, in order to limit,
Or even prevent formation and/or the adhesion of the impurity such as ice of solidification.
11. methods as described in one of aforementioned claim, wherein this heat exchanger (3) includes at least one for reheating stream
The passage of body, this at least one reheating passage is not yet processed or coating is to limit or even prevent the impurity example of solidification
Formation and/or adhesion such as ice.
12. methods as described in one of aforementioned claim, wherein leave this solidification of these cooling ducts of this heat exchanger
At least a portion of impurity be sent back to this heat exchanger to be reheated.
13. methods as described in one of aforementioned claim, wherein collect leave this heat exchanger these cooling ducts and/
Or at least a portion and this admixture of gas of the impurity of this solidification at the by-level of this heat exchanger find self
It is liquefied or by being liquefied and/or in the downstream of this interchanger less than environment temperature at the subsequent step in the downstream of this interchanger
Separated under degree, optionally in the downstream of this interchanger at this less than under environment temperature by the elimination of residual impurity that is cured it
After.
Kilocalorie is wherein supplied at least one of this heat exchanger (3) by 14. methods as described in one of aforementioned claim
At intermediate point, preferably at the by-level of this heat exchanger at least of that discharge this solidification or liquefaction impurity
The downstream of the point dividing or this admixture of gas of upstream cooling.
15. 1 kinds are used for cooling and purify the equipment of the admixture of gas containing at least one impurity, and this equipment includes：Heat exchange
Device (3), this heat exchanger includes at least one or even two exchanges main body (3,3A, 3a, 3b), and these exchange main bodys are each
Having cooling duct and reheating passage, these cooling ducts are designed to reduce impurity this table at these passages of this solidification
Adhesion at least a portion in face；It is cooled to for transmitting to have to stay in this one or more cooling ducts exchanging main bodys
The device of this admixture of gas comprising at least one impurity of temperature below, this temperature is less than or equal to this at least one impurity
The temperature of solidification；With for from this one or more exchange main bodys, preferably discharge this optionally at least partial liquefaction at this cold end
The device of admixture of gas (15)；For transmit have stay in these devices reheating the gas reheating in passages and for
Collect the impurity leaving these cooling ducts of this heat exchanger and/or this solidification at the by-level of this heat exchanger
At least one of device (2,8,17,17A) and for by the admixture of gas of this at least one impurity from this heat exchanger
The device taking out, it is characterised in that the cooling duct of each exchange main body is covered by the coating at least in part and/or carries out physics
Processing and/or carrying out chemical treatment, this coating and/or this process are for limiting or even preventing the surface at these passages
The formation of impurity of this solidification and/or adhesion, and it is characterized in that, reheat passage and be connected to treat to add again for conveying
The device of first gas (47, NG) of heat and other reheating passages are connected to for carrying the second gas to be reheated
The device of (45, OG).
16. equipment as claimed in claim 15, wherein the number of cooling duct is not equal to be connected to for carrying this first gas
The number of the reheating passage of this device of body (47, NG), and the number of cooling duct is not equal to be connected to for transporting this
The number of the reheating passage of this device of the second gas (45, OG).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1454000 | 2014-04-30 | ||
| FR1454000A FR3020669B1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING AND COOLING A GAS MIXTURE |
| PCT/FR2015/051166 WO2015166191A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-30 | Method for purifying, cooling and separating a gaseous mixture and associated apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106461321A true CN106461321A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Family
ID=51261055
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580023553.1A Withdrawn CN106461321A (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-30 | Method for purifying, cooling and separating a gaseous mixture and associated apparatus |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170045291A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3137830A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106461321A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3020669B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015166191A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109387032A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-26 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | For the method to separate the device deicing of air by low temperature distillation and it is suitble to the device using this method deicing |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020213158A1 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2022-04-21 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Magnetocaloric distillation unit |
| FR3131775B1 (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-12-01 | Air Liquide | Heat exchanger and separation apparatus comprising a heat exchanger |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB917286A (en) * | 1960-01-26 | 1963-01-30 | British Oxygen Co Ltd | Low temperature separation of gas mixtures |
| US6082133A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-07-04 | Cryo Fuel Systems, Inc | Apparatus and method for purifying natural gas via cryogenic separation |
| CN101854990A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-10-06 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Process for the separation of CO2 from a gaseous feed stream |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3739593A (en) * | 1968-12-04 | 1973-06-19 | Trane Co | Gas separation system |
| WO2005075112A1 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-18 | Multi Sign A/S | Surface coating with anti-dew and ice non-stick properties |
| US20060281861A1 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-14 | Putnam John W | Erosion resistant anti-icing coatings |
| DE102006060340B4 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Leibniz-Institut Für Polymerforschung Dresden E.V. | Use of a durable coating of metal or glass surfaces to inhibit and / or prevent icing |
| TW200951292A (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-12-16 | Twister Bv | Ice-phobic coating and use thereof |
| CN103703085B (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2016-09-28 | 哈佛学院院长等 | Smooth fluid injection porous surface and its biological applications |
| US20130305748A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Icephobic coating on the condenser cold side |
-
2014
- 2014-04-30 FR FR1454000A patent/FR3020669B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-04-30 CN CN201580023553.1A patent/CN106461321A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-04-30 EP EP15759832.7A patent/EP3137830A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-04-30 US US15/305,849 patent/US20170045291A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-04-30 WO PCT/FR2015/051166 patent/WO2015166191A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB917286A (en) * | 1960-01-26 | 1963-01-30 | British Oxygen Co Ltd | Low temperature separation of gas mixtures |
| US6082133A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-07-04 | Cryo Fuel Systems, Inc | Apparatus and method for purifying natural gas via cryogenic separation |
| CN101854990A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-10-06 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Process for the separation of CO2 from a gaseous feed stream |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109387032A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-26 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | For the method to separate the device deicing of air by low temperature distillation and it is suitble to the device using this method deicing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3020669A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 |
| WO2015166191A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
| US20170045291A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
| FR3020669B1 (en) | 2018-10-26 |
| EP3137830A1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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