CN106439829B - A system and method for thawing waste in winter in a domestic waste incineration power plant - Google Patents
A system and method for thawing waste in winter in a domestic waste incineration power plant Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0273—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using indirect heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/20—Dewatering by mechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50201—Waste pyrolysis, gasification or cracking by indirect heat transfer
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于垃圾焚烧处理技术领域，具体涉及一种生活垃圾焚烧发电厂低温环境下促进垃圾发酵与脱水的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage incineration treatment, and in particular relates to a method for promoting garbage fermentation and dehydration in a low-temperature environment of a domestic garbage incineration power plant.
背景技术Background technique
随着经济与城市建设的高速发展，垃圾量逐年增加，生活垃圾焚烧发电厂逐年增多。生活垃圾焚烧发电厂都设有垃圾储坑对垃圾进行贮存、发酵，以提高垃圾热值。自然发酵时间随地域、温度的不同在3天到10几天不等，主要是冬季寒冷地区垃圾结冻后难以对其解冻升温。根据生活垃圾焚烧发电厂设计规范及其设计本身的合理性，要求生活垃圾储坑的储量应为5-7天，也就是说生活垃圾储存、发酵的时间不宜超过5-7天，否则将影响全厂的占地、投资和运行的合理性。因此现有的生产厂家为保证冬季稳定运行会对焚烧炉采用喷油作为辅助燃料，生产成本增加很大。我国的生活垃圾含水率大致都在40-60％之间，冬季结冻后会产生大量的冰，甚至会将整个垃圾冻成冰块。以往的对垃圾直接吹热风和喷入蒸汽带入热量很少，且不能深入垃圾内部，根本不能起到解冻的作用。With the rapid development of economy and urban construction, the amount of garbage is increasing year by year, and domestic waste incineration power plants are increasing year by year. Domestic waste incineration power plants are equipped with waste storage pits to store and ferment waste to increase the calorific value of waste. The natural fermentation time varies from 3 days to 10 days depending on the region and temperature, mainly because it is difficult to thaw and heat up the garbage in cold areas in winter. According to the design specifications of domestic waste incineration power plants and the rationality of the design itself, it is required that the storage of domestic waste storage pits should be 5-7 days, that is to say, the storage and fermentation time of domestic waste should not exceed 5-7 days, otherwise it will affect The rationality of land occupation, investment and operation of the whole plant. Therefore existing manufacturer can adopt fuel injection as auxiliary fuel to incinerator in order to guarantee stable operation in winter, and production cost increases greatly. The moisture content of domestic garbage in our country is roughly between 40-60%. After freezing in winter, a large amount of ice will be produced, and even the entire garbage will be frozen into ice cubes. In the past, direct blowing of hot air and spraying steam on the garbage brought little heat, and could not penetrate deep into the garbage, so it could not play the role of thawing at all.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在解决生活垃圾焚烧发电厂低温环境下垃圾不易发酵与脱水的问题，提供了一种生活垃圾焚烧发电厂冬季垃圾解冻系统及方法，目的是促进垃圾更好的发酵，提高垃圾的热值，保证生活垃圾焚烧发电厂正常稳定运行。The present invention aims to solve the problem that garbage is not easy to ferment and dehydrate under the low-temperature environment of domestic waste incineration power plants, and provides a system and method for thawing garbage in winter in domestic waste incineration power plants. value to ensure the normal and stable operation of domestic waste incineration power plants.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:
一种生活垃圾焚烧发电厂冬季垃圾解冻系统，包括垃圾储坑、垃圾吊车、垃圾受料斗、渗滤液池；渗滤液池中安装有渗滤液泵，渗滤液泵通过出液管道连接设置在垃圾储坑上方的渗滤液喷淋管道；在所述渗滤液池的底部设置有多根热水盘管，所述热水盘管外接热水进管和出水管，在热水进管上安装有温度检测仪表和阀门；在所述渗滤液与渗滤液喷淋管道连接的出液管道上也安装有温度检测仪表。A winter garbage thawing system of a domestic waste incineration power plant, including a garbage storage pit, a garbage crane, a garbage receiving hopper, and a leachate pool; The leachate spray pipe above the pit; multiple hot water coils are arranged at the bottom of the leachate pool, and the hot water coils are externally connected with hot water inlet pipes and outlet pipes. Detecting instruments and valves; a temperature detecting instrument is also installed on the outlet pipe connecting the leachate to the leachate spraying pipe.
所述渗滤液喷淋管道设置在垃圾受料斗顶面下部1.9m-2.1m的高度，渗滤液喷淋管道间隔0.5m-1m设置喷淋孔。The leachate spray pipe is arranged at a height of 1.9m-2.1m below the top surface of the garbage receiving hopper, and the leachate spray pipe is provided with spray holes at intervals of 0.5m-1m.
所述渗滤液池采用混凝土砌筑结构，池底采用防腐、防渗材料。The leachate pool adopts a concrete masonry structure, and the bottom of the pool adopts anti-corrosion and anti-seepage materials.
所述热水盘管埋设于渗滤液池底部的地下。The hot water coil is buried underground at the bottom of the leachate pool.
一种采用生活垃圾焚烧发电厂冬季垃圾解冻系统的解冻方法，具体如下：A thawing method using a winter thawing system of domestic waste incineration power plants, specifically as follows:
1)通过阀门控制50-95℃的热水从热水进管进入渗滤液池底部的热水盘管，使热水在热水盘管中循环，通过热水盘管将渗滤液池及内部渗滤液加热；1) Control the hot water at 50-95°C from the hot water inlet pipe into the hot water coil at the bottom of the leachate pool through the valve, so that the hot water circulates in the hot water coil, and the leachate pool and the interior are drained through the hot water coil leachate heating;
2)通过温度检测仪表、阀门控制热水进管对热水盘管的给水量，从而将渗滤液加热后的温度控制在35-45℃；2) Control the water supply of the hot water inlet pipe to the hot water coil through the temperature detection instrument and valve, so as to control the temperature of the leachate after heating at 35-45°C;
3)通过渗滤液泵将加热后的渗滤液输送至垃圾储坑上部的渗滤液喷淋管道，将加热后的大量渗滤液喷淋到垃圾储坑内的垃圾上对其解冻、加热，促进垃圾发酵与脱水。3) The heated leachate is transported to the leachate spray pipe on the upper part of the garbage storage pit through the leachate pump, and a large amount of heated leachate is sprayed on the garbage in the garbage storage pit to defrost and heat it to promote garbage fermentation and dehydration.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
本方法通过给渗滤液池底部增加热水管道为渗滤液加热，由渗滤液泵将池内加热后的渗滤液输送到垃圾储坑上部喷淋管道，将加热后的大量渗滤液喷淋到垃圾储坑内的垃圾上对其解冻、加热，促进垃圾发酵与脱水。本发明利用生活垃圾发电厂本身产出的热水做为热源，利用渗滤液池本身作为加热对象，无需在渗滤液池或垃圾储坑处再增设其他的加热设备，运行成本低；高温的渗滤液直接喷淋到生活垃圾上，能够快速的对垃圾进行解冻，解冻效率高。This method heats the leachate by adding a hot water pipe to the bottom of the leachate pool, and the leachate pump transfers the heated leachate in the pool to the spray pipe on the upper part of the garbage storage pit, and sprays a large amount of heated leachate into the garbage storage pit. The garbage in the pit is thawed and heated to promote the fermentation and dehydration of the garbage. The present invention uses the hot water produced by the domestic garbage power plant itself as the heat source, and uses the leachate pool itself as the heating object, without adding other heating equipment at the leachate pool or the garbage storage pit, and the operation cost is low; The filtrate is directly sprayed on the domestic garbage, which can quickly thaw the garbage with high thawing efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种生活垃圾焚烧发电厂冬季垃圾解冻系统示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a winter garbage thawing system of a domestic garbage incineration power plant according to the present invention.
图中：1-热水进管、2-阀门、3-热水盘管、4-渗滤液池、5-渗滤液泵吸液管道、6-渗滤液泵、7-渗滤液出液管道、8-渗滤液喷淋管道、9-管道支架、10-温度检测仪表、11-垃圾吊车、12-垃圾、13-垃圾储坑、14-垃圾受料斗。In the figure: 1-hot water inlet pipe, 2-valve, 3-hot water coil, 4-leachate pool, 5-leachate pump suction pipe, 6-leachate pump, 7-leachate outlet pipe, 8-leachate spray pipe, 9-pipe support, 10-temperature detection instrument, 11-garbage crane, 12-garbage, 13-garbage storage pit, 14-garbage receiving hopper.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明：The specific embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
如图1所示，一种生活垃圾焚烧发电厂冬季垃圾解冻系统，包括垃圾储坑13、垃圾吊车11、垃圾受料斗14、渗滤液池4；渗滤液池4中安装有渗滤液泵6，渗滤液泵6通过出液管道连接设置在垃圾储坑13上方的渗滤液喷淋管道8；在所述渗滤液池4的底部设置有多根热水盘管3，所述热水盘管3外接热水进管1和出水管，在热水进管1上安装有温度检测仪表10和阀门2；在所述渗滤液泵6与渗滤液喷淋管道8连接的出液管道上也安装有温度检测仪表10。As shown in Figure 1, a winter garbage thawing system of a domestic garbage incineration power plant includes a garbage storage pit 13, a garbage crane 11, a garbage receiving hopper 14, and a leachate pool 4; a leachate pump 6 is installed in the leachate pool 4, The leachate pump 6 is connected to the leachate spray pipeline 8 arranged above the garbage storage pit 13 through a liquid outlet pipe; multiple hot water coils 3 are arranged at the bottom of the leachate pool 4, and the hot water coils 3 The hot water inlet pipe 1 and the outlet pipe are externally connected, and a temperature detection instrument 10 and a valve 2 are installed on the hot water inlet pipe 1; Temperature detection instrument 10.
所述渗滤液喷淋管道8设置在垃圾受料斗14顶面下部1.9m-2.1m的高度，渗滤液喷淋管道8间隔0.5m-1m设置喷淋孔。The leachate spray pipe 8 is arranged at a height of 1.9m-2.1m below the top surface of the garbage receiving hopper 14, and the leachate spray pipe 8 is provided with spray holes at intervals of 0.5m-1m.
所述渗滤液池4采用混凝土砌筑结构，池底采用防腐、防渗材料。渗滤液池4与垃圾储坑13底部的渗滤液排出管道连通，用于收集垃圾储坑13的渗滤液。The leachate pool 4 adopts a concrete masonry structure, and the bottom of the pool adopts anti-corrosion and anti-seepage materials. The leachate pool 4 communicates with the leachate discharge pipe at the bottom of the garbage storage pit 13 for collecting the leachate from the garbage storage pit 13 .
所述热水盘管3埋设于渗滤液池4底部的地下。热水盘管3均匀埋设于渗滤液池4的底部，将热量均匀传给渗滤液池4，将渗滤液均匀加热。为防止腐蚀，提高使用寿命，热水盘管3的材质均采用不锈钢材料，且能承载一定的负荷。热水主管道(热水进水管道和出水管)可根据需要热量采用管径DN80-DN100的不锈钢管道，热水盘管3可使用DN32-DN50的直径小些的不锈钢管道，来增大传热面积。The hot water coil 3 is buried underground at the bottom of the leachate pool 4 . The hot water coil 3 is evenly embedded in the bottom of the leachate pool 4, and transfers heat evenly to the leachate pool 4 to evenly heat the leachate. In order to prevent corrosion and improve service life, the hot water coil 3 is made of stainless steel and can carry a certain load. The main hot water pipes (hot water inlet pipes and outlet pipes) can use stainless steel pipes with a diameter of DN80-DN100 according to the heat required, and the hot water coil 3 can use stainless steel pipes with a smaller diameter of DN32-DN50 to increase the heat transfer. thermal area.
渗滤液泵6的材质采用不锈钢材料或氟塑料等防腐蚀材料，扬程要考虑喷淋渗滤液能达到的高度和管道的压力损失。渗滤液泵6连接渗滤液泵吸液管道5和渗滤液泵出液管道7，均采用防腐蚀的不锈钢材料。渗滤液泵吸液管道5伸入渗滤液中，渗滤液泵出液管道7连接垃圾储坑13上端的渗滤液喷淋管道8。渗滤液泵出液管道7及渗滤液喷淋管道8通过管道支架9固定在垃圾储坑壁上。The leachate pump 6 is made of anti-corrosion materials such as stainless steel or fluoroplastics, and the lift should consider the height that can be reached by spraying the leachate and the pressure loss of the pipeline. The leachate pump 6 is connected to the leachate pump suction pipe 5 and the leachate pump outlet pipe 7, all of which are made of anti-corrosion stainless steel. The leachate pump suction pipe 5 extends into the leachate, and the leachate pump outlet pipe 7 is connected to the leachate spray pipe 8 at the upper end of the garbage storage pit 13 . The leachate pump outlet pipe 7 and the leachate spray pipe 8 are fixed on the wall of the garbage storage pit through the pipe bracket 9 .
由于垃圾在储坑内需要用垃圾吊车11经常性的倒运、发酵，不固定储存在一个位置，所以在垃圾储坑13上部一周均要布置渗滤液喷淋管道8，保证对垃圾喷淋辐射的面积，渗滤液喷淋管道8间隔0.5-1m设置喷淋孔，将加热后的大量渗滤液喷淋到垃圾储坑内的垃圾上对其解冻、加热。Since the garbage needs to be transported and fermented frequently by the garbage crane 11 in the storage pit, it is not fixedly stored in one location, so the leachate spray pipe 8 must be arranged on the upper part of the garbage storage pit 13 for a week to ensure the area radiated by the garbage spray , the leachate spraying pipe 8 is provided with spray holes at intervals of 0.5-1m, and a large amount of leachate after heating is sprayed onto the garbage in the garbage storage pit to thaw and heat it.
一种采用生活垃圾焚烧发电厂冬季垃圾解冻系统的解冻方法，具体如下：A thawing method using a winter thawing system of domestic waste incineration power plants, specifically as follows:
1)通过阀门2控制50-95℃的热水从热水进管进入渗滤液池4底部的热水盘管3，使热水在热水盘管3中循环，通过热水盘管3将渗滤液池4及内部渗滤液加热；1) Control the hot water at 50-95°C from the hot water inlet pipe into the hot water coil 3 at the bottom of the leachate pool 4 through the valve 2, so that the hot water circulates in the hot water coil 3, and passes through the hot water coil 3 to Leachate pool 4 and internal leachate heating;
2)通过温度检测仪表10、阀门2控制热水进管1对热水盘管3的给水量，从而将渗滤液加热后的温度控制在35-45℃；2) Control the water supply from the hot water inlet pipe 1 to the hot water coil 3 through the temperature detection instrument 10 and the valve 2, so as to control the temperature of the heated leachate at 35-45°C;
安装在渗滤液泵出液管道7上的温度检测仪表10用来检测渗滤液的出液温度，温度检测仪表10将检测温度传输给PLC控制系统，当温度过低或过高时，由PLC控制阀门2的流量，从而调节热水盘管3对渗滤液的加热温度，将渗滤液的温度控制在35-45℃，温度检测仪表10可以采用温度传感器。The temperature detection instrument 10 installed on the leachate pump outlet pipeline 7 is used to detect the liquid temperature of the leachate. The temperature detection instrument 10 transmits the detected temperature to the PLC control system. When the temperature is too low or too high, it is controlled by the PLC. The flow rate of the valve 2 can adjust the heating temperature of the leachate by the hot water coil 3 and control the temperature of the leachate at 35-45° C. The temperature detection instrument 10 can use a temperature sensor.
3)通过渗滤液泵6将加热后的渗滤液输送至垃圾储坑13上部的渗滤液喷淋管道8，将加热后的大量渗滤液喷淋到垃圾储坑13内的垃圾上对其解冻、加热，促进垃圾发酵与脱水。3) transport the heated leachate to the leachate spray pipeline 8 on the top of the garbage storage pit 13 by the leachate pump 6, spray a large amount of heated leachate onto the garbage in the garbage storage pit 13 to thaw it, Heating to promote fermentation and dehydration of garbage.
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| CN201611040147.9A CN106439829B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | A system and method for thawing waste in winter in a domestic waste incineration power plant |
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| CN201611040147.9A CN106439829B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | A system and method for thawing waste in winter in a domestic waste incineration power plant |
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| CN108980839B (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | A kind of dump pit heating defrosting system |
| CN109539264B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2024-04-05 | 北京高安屯垃圾焚烧有限公司 | Garbage incineration equipment and garbage incineration method |
| CN109878945B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2024-04-16 | 上海多灵环保工程设备有限公司 | Double-layer filtering type garbage pit |
| CN110170505A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-27 | 重庆大学 | A method of improving refuse-burning plant rubbish fermentation effect |
| CN112432176B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2024-10-15 | 生态环境部固体废物与化学品管理技术中心 | Winter garbage storage pit device |
| CN114985432A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-09-02 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for deicing and fermenting household garbage pool |
| CN115477443A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-16 | 四川省科源工程技术测试中心 | Landfill leachate recharge system |
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| CN103865781A (en) * | 2014-03-23 | 2014-06-18 | 吕宏涛 | Biological dry type fermentation treatment device for household garbage and crop straws |
| CN104501170A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-08 | 桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | Method and system of increasing temperature of garbage piles in leachate sewer of garbage power plant in winter |
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| JP2004092972A (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-25 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Garbage disposal method and garbage disposal device |
| CN201670835U (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2010-12-15 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | A garage type anaerobic dry fermentation device |
| CN206247342U (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-06-13 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | A winter garbage thawing system for domestic waste incineration power plants |
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| CN103865781A (en) * | 2014-03-23 | 2014-06-18 | 吕宏涛 | Biological dry type fermentation treatment device for household garbage and crop straws |
| CN104501170A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-08 | 桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | Method and system of increasing temperature of garbage piles in leachate sewer of garbage power plant in winter |
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