CN106436785B - Construction Method and Structure of Slope Emergency Reverse Pressure Reverse Work - Google Patents
Construction Method and Structure of Slope Emergency Reverse Pressure Reverse Work Download PDFInfo
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- CN106436785B CN106436785B CN201610981982.6A CN201610981982A CN106436785B CN 106436785 B CN106436785 B CN 106436785B CN 201610981982 A CN201610981982 A CN 201610981982A CN 106436785 B CN106436785 B CN 106436785B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to slope stability study on prevention technical field, it is related to a kind of insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method and its structure.Insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method provided by the invention includes the following steps: the determination of (1) side slope slopes geometric element；The determination of side slope slopes physical and mechanical parameter；(2) determination of back-pressure platform parameter；The determination of back-pressure material；(3) it is constructed using contrary sequence method.Insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method of the invention have many advantages, such as it is convenient, fast for construction, safe, at low cost, slopes are disturbed small, and this method can be applied in embankment embankment, water conservancy dyke building, Soft Soil Foundation Pit Engineering and all kinds of insuring highway' slope engineerings of highway and railway.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to slope stability study on prevention technical fields, are related to highway, railway or bridge periphery side slope, water conservancy
Dyke building and Soft Soil Foundation Pit Engineering side slope are speedily carried out rescue work, and in particular to a kind of insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method and its knot
Structure.
Background technique
With the rapid development of social economy in recent years, more and more heavy constructions are built, and side slope is caused to lose
The trend gradually increased is presented in the scale and frequency of the disasters such as stable sliding shifting, it has also become has great threat and shadow safely to human society
One of loud geological environmental disaster.For example, side slope (containing foundation pit) sliding is a kind of common engineering accident, machine usually will cause
Equipment, which is buried, damages, casualties, fortune loss, while also threatening other buildings adjacent thereto.Slope instability goes out
After now sliding or unstability sign occur, take in time quickly and effectively safeguard procedures speedily carry out rescue work, life and property loss can be reduced, prevent
Accident only occurs, plays a multiplier effect.
Existing emergency work construction method mainly uses friction pile, retaining wall, prestressed anchor, prestress anchorage cable etc. to carry out side
Slope reinforcement for rushing danger, however these methods are required to the design of long period, long construction period, the intensity generation phase is long, and material transports
Difficulty, construction cost is high, and insuring highway' slope effect is still undesirable, is not suitable for insuring highway' slope.In addition, using the construction method for cutting slope and cutting load
Insuring highway' slope reinforcing is carried out, it is big to the disturbance of slopes, it is easy to accelerate the sliding of slopes, is also not suitable for insuring highway' slope.
Therefore, studying one kind, accurately, quickly and effectively construction method, side slope carry out reinforcement for rushing danger, have important meaning
Justice.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, the first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method, this method tool
Have the advantages that it is convenient, fast for construction, safe, at low cost, slopes are disturbed small, and this method can be applied to highway and railway
In embankment embankment, water conservancy dyke building, Soft Soil Foundation Pit Engineering and all kinds of insuring highway' slope engineerings.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of insuring highway' slope structure, and the structural strengthening regulation effect is good, is easy behaviour
Make, small, high reliablity is disturbed to slopes, and at low cost.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method provided by the invention, includes the following steps:
(1) determination of side slope slopes geometric element；The determination of side slope slopes physical and mechanical parameter；
(2) determination of back-pressure platform parameter；The determination of back-pressure material；
(3) it is constructed using contrary sequence method.
The present invention establishes back-pressure platform by the slope foot embankment in side slope slopes, i.e., increases lotus back-pressure in slope foot and increase antiskid
Power reduces gliding mass weight to reduce sliding force, increases the frictional force of antiskid section or increases the length of antiskid section, and then improves side
The coefficient of stability on slope realizes insuring highway' slope row's danger quickly and effectively, inexpensive.
As further preferred technical solution, the insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method further includes preparation of construction；
The preparation of construction includes carrying out technology and safety to construction personnel to tell somebody what one's real intentions are；It is familiar with and checks mechanical, equipment skill
Art performance；It selects the source of back-pressure material and builds occasional passage.
Specifically, preparation of construction includes technique preparation and preparation at the construction site；
1) technique preparation includes:
1. organizing construction personnel study, the general description of construction and related specifications, regulation for being familiar with this project；
2. carrying out technology to construction personnel and safety being told somebody what one's real intentions are；
3. organizing construction personnel make an on-the-spot survey, are familiar with scene；
4. being familiar with and checking mechanical, equipment technical performance；
2) preparation at the construction site includes:
1. site clearing, smooth location is to be protected to need to carry out corresponding safeguard measure；
2. selecting the source of back-pressure material and building occasional passage；
3. construction machinery, Field Force and material are complete, have requirements for starting construction.
It is true by measurement means in side slope slopes geometric element in the step (1) as further preferred technical solution
The gradient and height of deckle slope slopes.
The present invention determines the gradient and height of side slope slopes using the means of in-site measurement, measured side in the present invention
The typical but non-limiting numerical value of the gradient of slope slopes is 30 °, 40 °, 50 ° and 60 °；Measured side slope slopes in the present invention
Highly typical but non-limiting numerical value is 6m, 8m, 10m, 12m, 14m, 16m, 18m and 20m.
As further preferred technical solution, by exploring, taking in side slope slopes physical and mechanical parameter in the step (1)
Sample and laboratory facilities determine the cohesive strength and internal friction angle of side slope slopes.
In the present invention the typical but non-limiting numerical value of cohesive strength of identified side slope slopes be 2.5kPa, 5.0kPa,
7.5kPa,10.0kPa,20.0kPa；The typical but non-limiting numerical value of internal friction angle of identified side slope slopes in the present invention
It is 15 °, 20 °, 25 °, 30 ° and 35 °.
As further preferred technical solution, the back-pressure platform parameter in the step (2) includes the height of back-pressure platform
And width, the height of back-pressure platform and the determination of width the following steps are included:
(2.1) after back-pressure safety coefficient determination；
(2.2) back-pressure material is drafted；
(2.3) determination of back-pressure platform internal friction angle；The determination of the gradient of back-pressure platform；
(2.4) on the basis of safety coefficient after determining back-pressure, the height of back-pressure platform is determined using inversion reckoning method
And width.
As further preferred technical solution, the determination of safety coefficient after the back-pressure, be according to insuring highway' slope engineering or
Prevention and cure project grade and design conditions determine.
Specifically, according to " landslide control engineering technique of design and construction specification " (DZ/T0219-2006), according to side slope
The consequence of failure (jeopardize the life of people, cause economic loss, generate social adverse effect) that may cause after engineering damage it is tight
The factors such as principal characteristic, slope height determine that slope project prevents and treats grade.In the present invention, according to insuring highway' slope engineering order and design conditions
Determine that slope project safety coefficient takes Fs=1.3.
As further preferred technical solution, back-pressure material that the back-pressure platform fills be cohesive soil, silt, sand or
Gravelly soil；
Back-pressure platform internal friction angle is less than or equal to 35 °；
The gradient of back-pressure platform is less than or equal to 60 °.
Optionally, in the present invention, back-pressure material is drafted temporarily to accumulate, and is cohesionless material.
Optionally, in the present invention, back-pressure platform internal friction angle is 20 °~35 °, and further, internal friction angle is 20 °.
Optionally, in the present invention, the gradient of back-pressure platform is 45 °~60 °, and further, the gradient is 45 °.
As further preferred technical solution, using the objective function analyzed in inversion reckoning method are as follows:
Wherein, m is the number of measurement point, RiFor the gradient and height measured value and meter of the side slope slopes of ith measurement point
The difference of calculation value, i.e. residual error:
Wherein, number of the n for inverted parameters, i=1,2..., n,For the gradient and elevation carrection of i-th of side slope slopes
Value, uiFor the gradient and height calculations of i-th of side slope slopes, x1, x2..., xnFor the height of inverted parameters back-pressure platform；Instead
The process for drilling calculating finds one group of parameter, so that F (X*)=minF (X)；
Similarly, the height of the width of the back-pressure platform and back-pressure platform is calculated using same inversion reckoning method.
Specifically, in the present invention, drafting side slope slopes is silty clay, and the internal friction angle of side slope slopes is 20 °, Slope
The cohesive strength of body is 5kPa, and the cohesionless material that back-pressure material is drafted temporarily to accumulate, back-pressure platform internal friction angle is 20 °, instead
The gradient of flattening bench is 45 °, and the gradient and height of the side slope slopes according to measurement, with safety coefficient F after back-pressures=1.3 are
Benchmark calculates the height and width of back-pressure platform, the gradient and height and back-pressure platform of side slope slopes using inversion reckoning method
Height and the relationship of width be shown in Table 1.
The gradient and height and the height of back-pressure platform and the relation table of width of 1 side slope slopes of table
As further preferred technical solution, the width of the back-pressure platform, according to the soil property of side slope slopes, multiplied by soil property
Coefficient, wherein when side slope slopes are plain fill, soil property coefficient is 1.1~0.8；When side slope slopes are silty clay, soil property coefficient
It is 1.0~0.7；When side slope slopes are gravelly soil, soil property coefficient is 1.3~0.9.
In engineer application, the width of back-pressure platform in table 1, according to the soil property of side slope slopes, multiplied by soil property coefficient, specifically
Ground, the soil property of side slope slopes and the relationship of soil property coefficient are shown in Table 2.
The soil property of 2 side slope slopes of table and the relation table of soil property coefficient
| Soil property classification | Plain fill | Silty clay | Gravelly soil |
| Soil property coefficient | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
Height as further preferred technical solution, in the step (3), according to the back-pressure platform that inversion reckoning method determines
Degree and width, are constructed using contrary sequence method, and the back-pressure compactness of back-pressure platform is not less than 85%, and dry density is not less than 20KN/
m3。
Specifically, the principle of reverse construction is, out of order by conventional Underground Construction method (along the practice)
Come over, first construction diaphram wall or other supporting construction along building basement axis or around, while interior of building
There is off position to pour or lay intermediate sup-poning pile and column, born before the bottom plate back cover as construction period superstructure self weight and
The support of construction loads.Then one layer of construction ground of beam slab floor structure, the support very big as diaphram wall rigidity, with
Successively earth excavation and each layer underground structure is poured downwards afterwards, until bottom plate back cover.
It constructs relative to traditional suitable practice, using reverse construction, foundation pit or slope deforming can be controlled by having, and be constructed
Short time limit, reduces waste of material, civilized construction, and the advantages that overcome construction site narrow.Reverse construction can with underground,
It above while constructing, makes full use of space, accelerate construction progress, shorten the total construction period of engineering；Stress is well reasonable, foundation pit deformation
It is small, it is also small on influences such as adjacent buildings around, roads；And constructing is influenced small, construction safety by outside climatic condition, can be saved
About resource reduces energy consumption, has apparent economic benefit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of insuring highway' slope structure, the insuring highway' slope structure is logical
It crosses insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method any one of above-mentioned to obtain, including back-pressure platform, the back-pressure platform and Slope
Body is in close contact, and the height of the back-pressure platform and the height ratio of side slope slopes are 1:1.2~2.
Specifically, the insuring highway' slope structure includes back-pressure platform, the back-pressure platform along side slope slopes slope foot to
Upper extension, and the trailing flank of the back-pressure platform and side slope slopes are in close contact, the leading flank of the back-pressure platform is free end
The upper surface in face, the back-pressure platform is equal with horizontal plane；
The slope ratio of the back-pressure platform is 1:0.65~1.5, and the width of the back-pressure platform is 2.0m~12.0m, described
The height of back-pressure platform and the height ratio of side slope slopes are 1:1.2~2.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method provided by the invention, have side slope slopes disturbance it is small, simultaneously to surrounding
The small, convenient and quick construction of building disturbance, safety, it is economical the advantages that, applied using one kind is quick, simple and effective and at low cost
Work method improves the stability of side slope, has huge economical, societal benefits and a wide development and application prospect.
The present invention establish side slope slopes the gradient and height and the height of back-pressure platform and the relation table of width, conveniently apply
It constructs when worker person speedily carries out rescue work referring to the table rapid tissue slope foot back-pressure, using the gravity and cohesive strength of back-pressure platform, prevents side slope
Sliding, improves the coefficient of stability of side slope；Require no design link, can horse back emergency work construction, and rationally speedily carry out rescue work.This hair
Bright construction technology is simple, facilitates operation, and the mechanical equipment of use is more universal, and speed of application is fast, is suitble to robbing for side slope, foundation pit etc.
Danger.
Insuring highway' slope structure provided by the invention, reasonable stress, Reinforcement effect is good, reduces the disturbance of side slope slopes
With the influence to environment, high reliablity, and at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of determining back-pressure platform parameter provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is insuring highway' slope structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is another insuring highway' slope structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100- side slope slopes；200- back-pressure platform；300- foundation pit；
The height of H- side slope slopes；α-side slope slopes gradient；The height of h- back-pressure platform；The width of W- back-pressure platform
Degree；β-back-pressure platform gradient.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Embodiment
In the present embodiment, on the basis of analysis of slope Slope protection and Latent destruction mode, using back-pressure contrary sequence method pair
Side slope carries out reinforcement for rushing danger, and beneficial reference is provided for similar projects accident rescue.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, it the present embodiment provides a kind of insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method, specifically includes following
Step:
Step 1: preparation of construction
Technology is carried out to construction personnel and safety is told somebody what one's real intentions are；It is familiar with and checks mechanical, equipment technical performance；Site clearing,
Smooth location, it is to be protected to need to carry out corresponding safeguard measure；It selects the source of back-pressure material and builds occasional passage.
Step 2: determining 100 geometric element of side slope slopes
100 geometric element of side slope slopes is measured in region administering to insuring highway' slope, determines gradient α and the side of side slope slopes
The height H of slope slopes.
In the present embodiment, the gradient α of the side slope slopes of measurement is respectively 30 °, 40 °, 50 ° and 60 °；The side slope slopes of measurement
Height H be respectively 6m, 8m, 10m, 12m, 14m, 16m, 18m and 20m.
Step 3: determining 100 physical and mechanical parameter of side slope slopes
The cohesive strength and internal friction angle of side slope slopes 100 are determined by exploration, sampling and laboratory facilities.
In the present embodiment, side slope slopes 100 are silty clay, and the internal friction angle of side slope slopes 100 is 20 °, side slope slopes
100 cohesive strength is 5kPa.
Step 4: determining 200 parameter of back-pressure platform
Specifically, safety coefficient after back-pressure 1) is determined
Safety coefficient after back-pressure, the present embodiment are determined according to insuring highway' slope engineering or prevention and cure project grade and design conditions
In, safety coefficient FsTake 1.3.
2) back-pressure material is drafted
In the present embodiment, back-pressure material is drafted temporarily to accumulate, and is cohesionless material.
3) 200 internal friction angle of back-pressure platform is determined
In the present embodiment, 200 internal friction angle of back-pressure platform is 20 °.
4) gradient of back-pressure platform is determined
In the present embodiment, the gradient β of back-pressure platform is 45.
5) the height h of back-pressure platform and the width W of back-pressure platform are determined using inversion reckoning method
With safety coefficient F after back-pressuresOn the basis of 1.3, the height h and back-pressure of back-pressure platform are determined using inversion reckoning method
The width W of platform.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, drafting side slope slopes 100 is silty clay, and the internal friction angle of side slope slopes 100 is
20 °, the cohesive strength of side slope slopes 100 is 5kPa, the cohesionless material that back-pressure material is drafted temporarily to accumulate, back-pressure platform 200
Internal friction angle is 20 °, and the gradient β of back-pressure platform is 45 °, and according to the height of the gradient α of the side slope slopes of measurement and side slope slopes
H is spent, with safety coefficient F after back-pressuresOn the basis of=1.3, the height h and back-pressure platform of back-pressure platform are calculated using inversion reckoning method
Width W, the gradients of side slope slopes and height are shown in Table 1 with the height of back-pressure platform and the relationship of width.
In engineer application, the width W of back-pressure platform in table 1, according to the soil property of side slope slopes 100, multiplied by soil property coefficient,
Specifically, the soil property of side slope slopes 100 and the relationship of soil property coefficient are shown in Table 2.
Further, insuring highway' slope structure provided in this embodiment, including back-pressure platform 200, back-pressure platform 200 is along side
The slope foot of slope slopes 100 upwardly extends, and the trailing flank of back-pressure platform 200 and side slope slopes 100 are in close contact, back-pressure platform
200 leading flank is free end face, and the upper surface of back-pressure platform 200 is equal with horizontal plane；The slope ratio of back-pressure platform is 1:0.65
~1.5, the width of back-pressure platform is 2.0m~12.0m, and the height of back-pressure platform and the height ratio of side slope slopes are 1:1.2~2.
Further, insuring highway' slope structure provided in this embodiment further includes foundation pit 300, is arranged in the bottom of foundation pit 300
There is back-pressure platform 200.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) determination of side slope slopes geometric element；The determination of side slope slopes physical and mechanical parameter；
(2) determination of back-pressure platform parameter；The determination of back-pressure material；
Back-pressure platform parameter includes the height and width of back-pressure platform, and the height of back-pressure platform and the determination of width include following step
It is rapid:
(2.1) after back-pressure safety coefficient determination；
(2.2) back-pressure material is drafted；
(2.3) determination of back-pressure platform internal friction angle；The determination of the gradient of back-pressure platform；
(2.4) on the basis of safety coefficient after determining back-pressure, the height and width of back-pressure platform are determined using inversion reckoning method
Degree；Using the objective function analyzed in inversion reckoning method are as follows:
Wherein, m is the number of measurement point, RiFor the side slope slopes of ith measurement point the gradient and height measured value and calculated value it
Difference, i.e. residual error:
Wherein, number of the n for inverted parameters, i=1,2 ..., n,For the gradient and height measurements of i-th of side slope slopes, ui
For the gradient and height calculations of i-th of side slope slopes, x1, x2..., xnFor the height of inverted parameters back-pressure platform；Inverting meter
The process of calculation finds one group of parameter, so that F (X*)=minF (X)；
The width of the back-pressure platform and the height of back-pressure platform are calculated using same inversion reckoning method；
Drafting side slope slopes is silty clay, and the internal friction angle of side slope slopes is 20 °, and the cohesive strength of side slope slopes is 5kPa, instead
Pressure material drafts the cohesionless material temporarily to accumulate, and back-pressure platform internal friction angle is 20 °, and the gradient of back-pressure platform is 45 °, and
According to the gradient and height of the side slope slopes of measurement, with safety coefficient F after back-pressuresOn the basis of=1.3, pushed away using inversion reckoning method
The height and width of back-pressure platform are calculated, the gradient and height of side slope slopes are shown in Table with the height of back-pressure platform and the relationship of width
1；
The gradient and height and the height of back-pressure platform and the relation table of width of 1 side slope slopes of table
(3) it is constructed using contrary sequence method.
2. insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), lead to
Cross the gradient and height that measurement means determine side slope slopes.
3. insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), lead to
Cross cohesive strength and internal friction angle that exploration, sampling and laboratory facilities determine side slope slopes.
4. insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be safely after the back-pressure
Number, is determined according to insuring highway' slope engineering or prevention and cure project grade and design conditions.
5. insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the back-pressure platform fills
Back-pressure material be cohesive soil, silt, sand or gravelly soil；
The back-pressure platform internal friction angle is less than or equal to 35 °；
The gradient of the back-pressure platform is less than or equal to 60 °.
6. insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that described anti-
The width of flattening bench, according to the soil property of side slope slopes, multiplied by soil property coefficient, wherein when side slope slopes are plain fill, soil property coefficient
It is 1.1~0.8；When side slope slopes are silty clay, soil property coefficient is 1.0~0.7；When side slope slopes are gravelly soil, soil property system
Number is 1.3~0.9.
7. insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the step (3), according to
According to the height and width of the back-pressure platform that inversion reckoning method determines, constructed using contrary sequence method, the back-pressure of back-pressure platform is closely knit
Degree is not less than 85%, and dry density is not less than 20KN/m3。
8. a kind of insuring highway' slope structure, which is characterized in that the insuring highway' slope structure passes through described in any one of claim 1-7
Insuring highway' slope back-pressure reversed construction method obtain, including back-pressure platform, the back-pressure platform and side slope slopes are in close contact, institute
The height ratio of the height and side slope slopes of stating back-pressure platform is 1:1.2~2.
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| CN108847079B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-09-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Soil crack inducing device and method for emergency drill |
| CN115217114B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-01-16 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Construction method of foundation pit rescue back pressure platform |
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