CN106422974A - Combined-type granulator - Google Patents

Combined-type granulator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106422974A
CN106422974A CN201610813851.7A CN201610813851A CN106422974A CN 106422974 A CN106422974 A CN 106422974A CN 201610813851 A CN201610813851 A CN 201610813851A CN 106422974 A CN106422974 A CN 106422974A
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China
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roll mill
rotating cylinder
layer
comminutor
tooth
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CN201610813851.7A
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CN106422974B (en
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张元才
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Priority to CN201610813851.7A priority Critical patent/CN106422974B/en
Priority to TW105131107A priority patent/TWI611835B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/100505 priority patent/WO2018045609A1/en
Publication of CN106422974A publication Critical patent/CN106422974A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/22Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers

Abstract

The invention belongs to a wet material granulation principle and an equipment combination process, and particularly relates to a combined-type granulator. The combined-type granulator comprises a plurality of layers of combined box bodies, a temporary storage feed bin and a plurality of layers and groups of roller mills. Each group of roller mills is equipped with a rotary joint, a cleaning blade, an elastic stripping frame, a material baffle and a guide plate; a waste gas emptying interface is also arranged on each of the box bodies, and an air inlet at a lowest layer of the granulator is arranged on a bracket. The linear velocity of a tooth surface and the flow rate of volume of a rotary drum of each of the roller mills at a second layer are higher than those of a rotary drum of each of the roller mills at a first layer, and the linear velocity of a tooth surface and the flow rate of volume of a rotary drum with a reticular tooth socket or a single radial tooth socket of each of the roller mills at an adjacent lower layer are designed according to the volume properties of materials in the area. According to the granulator disclosed by the invention, hard foreign matters can be stripped, and simple granulation of soft materials in a cream state, a paste state, a slurry state and the like can be realized; meanwhile, caky and blocky materials can be pulled into monomer granules, soft and hard materials can simultaneously enter into the granulator, and granules at an outlet have a plurality of pores and are in an irregular shape.

Description

Combined type comminutor
Technical field
The present invention principally falls into wet stock granulation principle and equipment group technology, especially relates to the netted tooth using heat supply Face roll mill is the combined type comminutor of unit, and this combined type comminutor can be used for high moisture material, slurry, pasty state, paste, pie, Lump material, is particularly suited for the granulation mummification project of said mixture material;Be applied to environmental protection, metallurgy, light industry, chemical industry, food, Medicine, feed, agriculture(Woods, herd, fishing)The fields such as industry Product processing, the cream higher to its water content, paste, slurry, cake, bar, block Material is granulated and is obtained mummification(It is dried), the combined type comminutor of the present invention also can carry out granulating simultaneously to city, industrial sludge Obtain mummification(It is dried).
Background technology
With new material(Raw material)Continue to bring out, to be dried requirement improve constantly;Municipal sludge, the subtracting of industrial sludge In quantization, innoxious work and industrialized production, mummification is again as an indispensable processing stage, wherein energy resource consumption As consumption indicators main in drying process, particularly everybody's concern.
In the mud drying process of environmental protection industry (epi), how on the premise of ensureing safety clean, reduce energy to greatest extent Source consumes;Same in the industries such as chemical industry, medicine, food, mineral products, smelting, how by high moisture material(Cream, slurry, pasty state, cake, block Shape)Especially mixed material adopts minimum power consumption, completes granulation and drying process requirement, improves separate unit yield, has been many The problem of many scientific worker's researchs.
In drying sludge(Change)Industry, is had a lot of companies to be reached using high pressure sheet frame deep dehydration and does after 60% moisture content again The technique changed, and there is material water ratio non-uniform phenomenon after high pressure sheet frame deep dehydration.Due to the caking property of material local, Beater grinder easily causes clogging it is impossible to be normally carried out work.Make existing comminutor can not process moisture content high (75%~90%)Soft material, nor low in moisture content(30%~75%)Use under rigid, uneven, viscous pasty state.
Due to mud transportation(Especially developing countries and regions)Management shortcoming, lead to mud transport artificial During auxiliary or vehicle-mounted process can mix foreign matter(As brick, rubble, stone, bolt, nut, metal device etc.), these are rigid different Thing is inevitable stuck in two roll mill rotating cylinder relative motions, causes apparatus overload to shut down and the deformation of roll mill rotating cylinder, and, clears up Repair is very loaded down with trivial details and dirty smelly, has a strong impact on normal production, loses the superiority condition of comminutor automatic running.
Before drying section, mechanical dehydration system is all set.Due to mechanical dehydration(Especially:Folded spiral shell machine, centrifuge, band Formula press filtration etc.)The change of working condition, the difference of material nature(Especially:Pharmacy mycelium technical process microbiological contamination tank Mycelium out), cause that the moisture percentage in sewage sludge deviation after mechanical dehydration is very big, state deviation is also very big.Sometimes as thin pulp is pasted Shape is just directly entered granulating system, and such scattered paste shape material, between the gap of comminutor two roll mill rotating cylinder, does not pass through and changes The contact in hot face just flows directly to bottom and produces blocking, has a strong impact on normal operation, and, cleaning work is very heavy.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of combined type comminutor, based on the roll mill heating, using simple, Roll mill drum surface is provided with numerous radial ringed grooves and multi-head spiral groove replaces meshy arrangement(Containing individually radial ringed groove) The roll mill of heating is unit, is combined into and can consume very cream, slurry, pasty state, cake, block wet adhesive material or mixed material Under conditions of low kinetic energy and minimum heat energy, directly quench simultaneously take, be dried to irregular approximate centre have very lacunose The combined type comminutor of monomer particle.
In order to realize object of the invention it is proposed technical scheme below:
A kind of combined type comminutor, including multiple layer combination casing, the temporary feed bin of charging, rolling unit, heating system and dynamical system System, the superiors of described multiple layer combination casing are configured with exhaust outlet, orlop is configured with air inlet and bottom bracing frame, described enter Gas port is to be arranged on bracing frame;Described multiple layer combination casing is taken out using gas discharge, airtight negative pressure adjusted and controlled air inducing, vacuum in case Go out or open wide the mode distributing and exclude the hot and humid gas producing in multiple layer combination casing;Each layer box body of described multiple layer combination casing It is connected by multilayer comminutor adpting flange, the quantity of casing can arbitrarily increase and decrease;
The top that feed bin is arranged on multiple layer combination casing is kept in described charging, holds wet stock;The temporary feed bin of described charging with many First layer box body of layer combination box passes through charging keeps in feed bin adpting flange and is connected sealing;
Described rolling unit is that 2 layers or more than 2 layers of roll mill is constituted, and every layer of roll mill has the roll mill of 1 group or more than 1 group Rotating cylinder, is combined into a single roll mill layer;Each layer roll mill is arranged in described multiple layer combination casing and is arranged above and below;
Elastic stripping bracket or elastic stripping film are arranged on the ground floor roll mill rotating cylinder of feeding warehouse bottom rolling unit, for every Rigid foreign matter in wet stock simultaneously damps extraordinary material and rapidly enters roll mill;
Described roll mill drum surface is provided with radial ringed groove or multi-head spiral groove replaces meshy arrangement, forms indenting lattice Office, operates in formation relative motion between staggered canine tooth by two roll mill rotating cylinder differentials relatively, by viscosity, lump material easily Pull into fluffy particle;
Equipped with damper between every layer of roll mill rotating cylinder in addition to described ground floor roll mill, prevent material from roll mill rotating cylinder gap Between straight-through;
Described heating system includes on the roll mill rotating cylinder of every layer of roll mill the swivel coupling of setting, cooperation exhaust outlet, under The air inlet of layer provides three kinds of heating forms, respectively:Steam, conduction oil and hot gas;Steam and conduction oil are indirect heat exchange Thermal source, hot gas is direct heat transfer thermal source;
Described dynamical system includes power combination and transmission system, and described power combination is by one or more groups of reductor and electronic Machine combines, and described transmission system is made up of sprocket wheel, gear or power transmission shaft, and described transmission speed is by automatic control system, driving-chain Carry out hierarchical control or setting ratio transmission.
Further, described multiple layer combination casing is arranged striker plate, described striker plate is separately mounted to every layer of roll mill Both sides, wherein side striker plate lengthen contact with described multiple layer combination cabinet wall, the lengthening striker plate of levels is mutual Stagger, cooperatively form the passage of hot and humid gas discharge with undermost air inlet and exhaust outlet.
Further, setting cleaning blade below each roll mill rotating cylinder, cleaning radially netted teeth groove or independent radial teeth Residual material in the groove of groove.
Further, described multiple layer combination casing is by multiple independent, has the modular cabinet of unified installation dimension Constitute, one layer of roll mill installed by each multiple layer combination casing, according to levels assembling, form combined type comminutor.
Further, the row installing in the side side position of the multiple layer combination casing of described combined type comminutor top layer roll mill Gas port connects air-introduced machine, will give up, outside humid gas discharge machine;When thermal source adopts thermal current, in same layer both sides or the friendship of equivalent layer Fork side position opens up inlet and outlet mouth.
Further, every group of roll mill basket diameter, effective length, teeth groove of described combined type every layer of roll mill of comminutor Shape, size can be the same or different;Each layer roll mill rolls that rotating cylinder quantity is identical can also be different.
Further, next layer of roll mill flank of tooth linear velocity of described combined type comminutor and volumetric flow rate are than its last layer The roll mill rotating cylinder corresponding flank of tooth linear velocity of roll mill and volumetric flow rate are big, remaining netted teeth groove of adjacent layer roll mill or list Solely the roll mill rotating cylinder corresponding flank of tooth linear velocity of radial direction teeth groove and volumetric flow rate are according to the volume characteristic of each water-cut stage of material Adjust.
Further, described Elastic tool post within angle θ is 60~180 °, Elastic tool post and roll mill rotating cylinder outer round surface Gap τ is 2~10mm, typically takes 5mm;Draft angle γ of described roll mill rotating cylinder is 5~90 °.
Further, described roll mill basket diameter D is 150~2000mm, typically takes 300mm;The multi-head spiral of rotating cylinder The design angle of the multi-head spiral angle ψ of axial tooth face is 20~45 °, and depth V is the 30%~80% of radial flank depth b;Rotating cylinder On the number of teeth difference of gear can also be identical;The diameter of described roll mill rotating cylinder and logarithm are identical or different, each layer roll mill Middle rolling gap is arranged vertically in vertical direction or Heterogeneous Permutation.
Further, the field of conjugate action of described roll mill rotating cylinder is the field of conjugate action or the plane of netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove Composition surface, the slot form of the field of conjugate action of described netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove is semicircle or flat shape;Described cleaning The angle α of blade tooth top cusp to roll mill rotating cylinder axial connecting line and the vertical symmetry center line in roll mill rotating cylinder axle center is 5~ 135°;At gear piece bottom surface and crown point, the angle β of the tangent line of bottom of the tooth or periphery is 0~30 °.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention:
Present invention application slurry, paste, paste software carry out repeating granulating the moisture content maximum limit it is achieved that in granule materials from gravity Coming to the surface of degree, is greatly enhanced dry materials power, heat energy is dried, reduces power consumption, extension device and use the longevity for saving Life provides Reliable guarantee;The structure of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and rub little, efficiency high;Using material itself soft, viscous, The characteristic unfavorable to drying such as thick, poor air permeability, is changed into us and combines the advantage of granulation;Only needing using biography in very little Teeth portion edge material is pullled in the power of dynamic roll mill itself, the approximate slip plus very little part tooth drum surface(Very little region) So that cream, paste, slurry, cake, lump material are directly changed surface mummification and have crackle in the case that low speed, differential tear friction Mutually NA, the middle monomer particle with many holes gap.It is repeated several times through combination, the moisture content in achievable material Coming to the surface to greatest extent, being greatly enhanced dry materials power so as to more convenient follow-up dry run, thus reducing Kinetic energy, thermal energy consumption;And have very lacunose grain shape in the middle of being formed in repeating granulation, increased the ventilative of particle Property, it is more beneficial for particle internal moisture rapid evaporation.
The present invention adopts easy Elastic tool post(Or stock stop/plate), in the presence of mechanics, will be dried in soft object Between the rigid foreign matter that is mingled with peel off or reject, after rigid foreign matter gathers a certain amount of, be manually easy to present being stripped Rigid foreign matter discharge, be solve rigid foreign matter sorting in soft, wet, viscous object the most direct, easy method it is ensured that system just Often run.
Present invention application multi-head spiral groove and numerous radial direction teeth groove, form netted helical teeth cut surface, can not only be successfully Nibble bulk, pie material, simultaneously as the arrangement of multi-head spiral groove has also equalized the power of tearing, it is to avoid working impact inertia, Make equipment stress equalization more stable, obtain low power run;With respect to originally smooth radial ringed teeth groove, the present invention forms dog Tooth staggered pattern, is easy to shred harder lump material in the case of using very low dynamics.Multi-head spiral groove replaces netted row The crown of row, can cause crown not ordered arrangement on roll mill rotating cylinder bus, but prolong helical row, so, cut The phenomenon of pulse stress when entering material, can be avoided, keep the flexible equilibrium of rotating cylinder stress.
The present invention applies simple low-power, low speed, differential to tear and block is carried out pullling granulation, has prevented due to plate The situation that the moist material in frame feed opening of press filter local cannot normally run for a long time in high speed disintegrator felt jam, is easy to light Pine discerps lump material, creates necessary condition for running low power consumption;Two roll mill rotating cylinder differentials run and can cause two flank of tooth Speed difference, avoid " rigid material extrusion process " formed tear situation.Cooperation multi-head spiral groove replaces the crown of meshy arrangement Effect, rigid material just discerped in the case of extremely low kinetic energy.Discerp the mechanics difference having essence with rigid attrition crushing, When two roll mill rotating cylinders are synchronized, the extruding of softer material can be formed with the sliding of material, do not result in the body of rigid material extrusion process The long-pending powerful moment of torsion of formation that shrinks leads to equipment fault.Comminutor is made to be suitable for the mud of wider material software feature.
The present invention adopts between every layer of roll mill rotating cylinder rolling equipped with damper:Damper produces motion to small particle thing Interfere, force its participation bulky grain, big block to carry out mixing granulation, equalize flowing velocity up and down in comminutor for the material, The fine particle being more molded is allowed to repeat to participate in granulation, so that finished particle has more pore character, to obtain quality more The particle high, hole is more, humidity is uniform, irregular, specific surface area is bigger, enhances the shaping of finished granule Rate, porosity, for accelerating evaporation to provide more preferable body condition, have thoroughly prevented plugging fault.Setting damper can also make All of material all through the heat-transfer surface of two roll mill rotating cylinders, enters granulation zone in the slow rotation of two roll mill rotating cylinders, prolongs Grow material total residence time, strengthened dry tenacity, heat exchange efficiency has effectively improved, and scattered paste shape material can all be realized Evaporation drying.
Above-mentioned improvement, improves the adaptability of the present invention, completes moisture content and has been extended to >=30% similar dirt from >=75% The material soft or hard characteristic of mud can simultaneously enter and complete to granulate.Not only expand soft, hard material extensive adaptability, more reduced Equipment runs kinetic energy consumption, improves service life of equipment, reduce equipment design strength, decrease equipment investment, reduction Cost of equipment maintenance.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the sectional schematic diagram of the single group rolling rotating cylinder of combined type comminutor of the present invention(Side-looking);
Fig. 2 is the pairing schematic diagram of the single group rolling rotating cylinder of combined type comminutor of the present invention(Overlook);
Fig. 3 is the schematic three dimensional views of the single group rolling rotating cylinder of combined type comminutor of the present invention(Stravismus);
Fig. 4 is the schematic three dimensional views of the single group rolling rotating cylinder of combined type comminutor of the present invention(Overlook);
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional enlarged drawing of the single group rolling rotating cylinder crown of combined type comminutor of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the single group sandwich construction schematic diagram of combined type comminutor of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is multigroup sandwich construction schematic diagram of combined type comminutor of the present invention;
Fig. 8 shows the netted teeth groove of rotating cylinder rectangle;
Fig. 9 display rotating cylinder netted tooth engagement situation;
Figure 10 shows rotating cylinder conical mesh teeth groove.
Reference:
01 charging temporary storing bin 02 ground floor roll mill
03 exhaust outlet 04 swivel coupling
05 cleaning blade 06 roll mill rotating cylinder
07 striker plate 08 second layer roll mill
09 strip-shaped materials 10 n-th layer roll mill
11 multiple layer combination casing 12 air inlet
The elastic stripping bracket of 13 half dry particl 14
15 rigid foreign matter 16 bracing frames
17 damper 18 wet stock
19 flat shape teeth groove 20 roll mill drum wall
21 engagement forming tank 22 heat source mediums
The temporary feed bin adpting flange 24 multilayer comminutor adpting flange of 23 chargings.
Specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, The present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is with netted helicla flute(Or independent radial direction teeth groove)The roll mill of rotating cylinder based on and combine new Granulation Equipments.When roll mill rotating cylinder forward and reverse rotate when, be placed in the flank of tooth edge local material due to differential netted Teeth groove is torn, and block, the tear of pie material can be discerped into little particle;When material is soft(As slurry, cream, pasty state)Material When, because of the effect of gravity and the friction of local tooth top, the rotation with tooth pulled in the axial groove of rotating cylinder and continue to Lower motion is until enter self-assembling formation bar or particulate matter in engaging groove.Reasonable in design rotating cylinder may be selected for different material Diameter with meet the vector sucking friction and strip plastic force balance so that strip or shaping particles power are as minimum.
In the middle setting damper of every layer of paired rolling rotating cylinder, prevent little particle and lead directly to and be not involved in mixing and repeat to make The possibility of grain, extends residence time of material, strengthens flat evaporator intensity, manufactures more mushy particle.
For the impurity having irregular lump in some softwares(As the fragment of brick in river sludge, rubble), arrange different Roll mill basket diameter and elastic stripping bracket(Elastic stripping film or stock stop/plate), using action and reaction power, flick hard Grain is so as to play effect that sorting is peeled off.
Meanwhile, the thermal source of incoming roll mill rotating cylinder inner chamber(Steam or conduction oil etc.)Conduct through roll mill drum wall, When unloaded region, roll mill drum wall absorbs internal heat resource(Or the heat energy of hot-air supply)The energy transient conduction of storage is given Above-mentioned surface of material.Because the temperature difference is big, heat conduction velocity is fast, and touched surface of material is drastically heated, and strip particle surface is rapid It is warmed, and form the blast crackle of steam blanket between alveolar surface and epidermis is crisp because anxious heat occurs in that material epidermis with engaging Change, volume such as drastically shrinks at the phenomenon, make strip-shaped materials abjection naturally from teeth groove under gravity.Due to breathing freely of material Property poor, the high steam film that strip-shaped materials surface in groove is formed when being heated, there is the ability of isolation bar shaped particle and groove bottom, And because the groove of netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove is provided with draft angle, the brittle bar shaped of surface mummification(Particle)Shape material Under gravity, naturally deviate from groove, complete first step profiled surface mummification, embrittlement process.
The brittle bar of drying of the above-mentioned epidermis with crackle or particulate matter are big due to material viscosity(Or it is other special Property), institute's water content(Solvent)Possible some be interior aqueous in molecular structure(The crystallization water or other), lead to inside particle Moisture content(Or solvent)Poor to the ability of outside transfer, the high temperature heat radiation in the material of rotating cylinder noncontact simultaneously region, convection current so that The surface of material of above-mentioned disengaging teeth groove still continues evaporation being heated, therefore at short notice, brittle epidermis will not by counter tide, The rotating cylinder entering second layer roll mill after falling is pulled into before teeth groove, and surface remains as the table of independent mummification, embrittlement, cracking Face.The flank of tooth linear velocity of second layer roll mill rotating cylinder and volumetric flow rate are higher than the rotating cylinder of ground floor roll mill, when formed strip After entering second layer roll mill rotating cylinder teeth groove, because linear velocity or volume flow rate increase, strip is pulled off, and freely falls second On layer roll mill rotating cylinder, this freely falling body leads to that strip is random to be distributed on the second layer roll mill rotating cylinder flank of tooth, by the Two layers of roll mill tooth rotating cylinder cut-out form short strip or random particle, and these objects are squeezed by micro- before second layer rotating cylinder teeth groove After pressure breaking, original duricrust crushes the softer material middle, that former particle is middle of entrance particle and is wrapped in duricrust, in rotating cylinder teeth groove Middle surface is drastically heated, and equally can form high steam film in the flank of tooth, bottom, side and produce isolation embrittlement, cracking, hardening thing Material surface, when shaped particles move to bottom due to the effect disengaging roller seating space of gravity.As described above, when entrance third layer roll mill When flute profile is to roll mill rotating cylinder, strip is shorter, and particle is more uniformly distributed, and particle surface has obtained preferably embrittlement, cracking, hardening.
As needed, the rolling machine can arrange multilayer and multigroup in upper and lower position, to meet disposal ability, surface The hard greatly block of drying particles, separation(As brick, stone)Deng requirement.
The flank of tooth linear velocity of external circe speed, netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove and appearance that upper and lower layer roll mill runs Long-pending flow velocity is to ensure that the key of operation:Under normal circumstances, the external circe speed of adjacent lower roll mill, flank of tooth linear velocity and volume Flow velocity must be than the bigger of upper strata so that lower floor's flank of tooth be enough to the bar receiving upper strata volume flow and pulling apart upper strata whereabouts Material, convenient granulation;For row material into strips(Granulation)The material that after dry tack free, volume is drastically shunk, can receive according to volume Contracting actual conditions, appropriateness improves lower floor's external circe speed, flank of tooth linear velocity and volumetric flow rate;
In granulation process, by the flank of tooth linear velocity of the external circe speed of the upper and lower, netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove Pull apart strip-shaped materials after strip material with volume flow speed difference to fall into lower floor's roll mill rotating cylinder face at random and cut-off re-form New strip-shaped materials(Short strip shape material or particle);
In said process, strip-shaped materials(Or particle)Outer surface is anxious with roll mill rotating cylinder outer surface Contact heat transfer, surface Acute absorption heat of vaporization, can obtain the outer surface of surface mummification, embrittlement, cracking every time;Again during incoming lower floor, originally did Change, embrittlement, the outer surface of cracking are involved in new strip-shaped materials(Particle)Inside, originally internal moisture is broken out and becomes Surface drastically absorbs the new surface of heat of vaporization, by multilayer multiple repeat drastically absorb heat, pull apart, cut off, surface steam Dry dry, gradually forming irregular, approximate centre has particle very lacunose, that specific surface area is very big;Meanwhile, roll mill turns Cylinder surface is by the in time cleaning of supporting scraper it is ensured that the heat exchange efficiency of roll mill drum surface and accumulation of heat, exothermal efficiency.
When rigid foreign matter may be mixed in granulation dried material(Riverway sludge, sewage plant sludge, ore dressing etc.), in combination The top of formula comminutor ground floor is mounted with Elastic tool post(Or stock stop/plate), so, softer material is pressed into due to gravitative pressure In roll mill teeth groove, rigid foreign matter(Fragment of brick, rubble, stone, nut, bolt, metal and non-metallic vessel, fragment etc.)It is blocked Above Elastic tool post or stock stop/plate, with the motion of roll mill rotating cylinder, the surface softer material of rigid foreign matter is stripped, It is possible to be embedded into the rigid foreign matter of roll mill rotating cylinder and stock stop/plate stitch gap, at the volley, because action and reaction power is same When produce, rigid foreign matter is by Elastic tool post(Or stock stop/plate)Elastic force effect under, constantly bounce off gap area, rigid different forever Far away from Elastic tool post(Or stock stop/plate)Floating in top, when reaching a certain amount of, can shut down cleaning.Simple technology solves World-famous puzzle.
The rotating cylinder of the comminutor of the present invention is respectively provided with the blade of movable slot form, to clear up the thing of groove or remained on surface Body is so that surface keeps working condition.
Cooperation accompanying drawing and given embodiment below, describes in detail such as with regard to combined type granulator structure for the present invention Under.
Referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the single group sandwich construction schematic diagram of combined type comminutor of the present invention;
The combined type comminutor of single group sandwich construction provided by the present invention includes charging temporary storing bin 01, a ground floor roll mill 02nd, second layer roll mill 08, n-th layer roll mill 10, multiple layer combination 11, the critical piece such as dynamical system, comminutor bracing frame 16, Wherein, multiple layer combination casing 11 is fixedly connected by multilayer comminutor adpting flange 24 for multi-layer box, multiple layer combination casing 11 It can also be individual layer casing.Exhaust outlet 03, air inlet 12, roll mill rotating cylinder 06 are configured with the multiple layer combination casing 11 of equipment With striker plate 07;Setting swivel coupling 04, cleaning blade 05 on the roll mill rotating cylinder 06 of every layer of roll mill;In ground floor rolling Elastic stripping bracket is arranged on the rotating cylinder 06 of machine(Or elasticity stripping film)14, setting resistance on the rotating cylinder 06 of every layer of follow-up roll mill Buddhist nun's device 17, the temporary feed bin adpting flange 23 of charging and multilayer comminutor adpting flange 24 complete the configuration of combined type comminutor.
Charging temporary storing bin 01 is installed in the top of equipment multiple layer combination casing 11, and wet stock 18 is covered with ground floor rolling Machine 02, make roll mill remain at fully loaded working condition, inside combined type comminutor, keep good negative pressure, and separate the One layer of roll mill 02 top, it is to avoid air is inhaled into.Charging temporary storing bin 01 also sets up level sensor(In figure is not shown), by material position Signal sends into robot control system(RCS), completes the timely supplement to feed bin material by material-transporting system, keeps the bed of material to remain not low In minimum thick layer.
The combined type comminutor of a set of single group sandwich construction is typically at least made up of the roll mill layer of 2 layers or more than 2 layers.Often Layer roll mill has 1 group of roll mill rotating cylinder 06, is combined into a single firing floor;All roll mill rotating cylinders 06 have been respectively mounted general Swivel coupling 04 as thermal source input, the vitals that goes out;All roll mill rotating cylinders 06 have been respectively mounted supporting cleaning blade 05 as the vitals clearing up residual material in the groove of netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove;The diameter of roll mill rotating cylinder 06, The slot form of netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove and size can be identical or different;In combined type comminutor global design, Design principle be allow drop to the material of ground floor to the second interlayer from upper strata roll mill rotating cylinder can be in time by adjacent lower Go down in time by conveying for roll mill rotating cylinder.Certainly the pressure being reformed due to ground floor material is big, humidity is high, quality is soft;Second layer thing Material gravity pressure is little, and humidity reduces, and quality is also gradually hard, when the excessively stream gap area that the roll mill rotating cylinder of relative motion is formed is identical When, the volume of material that ground floor falls is bigger than the second layer, and therefore, the volume flow rate of the second layer must be bigger than ground floor.Under follow-up The material of layer is of substantially equal from the pressure reforming, then need, according to volume of material variation characteristic, guaranteeing adjacent upper excessively stream Material can reduce speed ratio enough to be taken away by lower floor in the case of never producing obstruction, improve roll mill rotating cylinder heat exchange Efficiency.
Every layer of follow-up roll mill rotating cylinder 06 of ground floor arranges damper 17, strengthens evaporation intensity, retardance little particle Straight-through, improve particle porosity, reduce thermal energy consumption is dried.
It is mounted with Elastic tool post on the top of ground floor(Or elasticity stripping bracket/piece)14, so, softer material is due to gravity pressure It is pressed into by force in roll mill teeth groove, rigid foreign matter 15 is blocked in the top of Elastic tool post 14.With the motion of roll mill rotating cylinder, The surface softer material of rigid foreign matter 15 is stripped it is possible to be embedded into the rigid different of roll mill rotating cylinder 06 and Elastic tool post 14 gap Thing 15 at the volley, under the elastic force of Elastic tool post 14 acts on, is blocked(Spring)Float above Elastic tool post 14, reach one When quantitative, spring is changed into pulsed power(Moment of torsion)Signal(Blind controller system completes)Output, reminds operative employee to be stopped Machine is cleared up.
Under normal circumstances, when second layer roll mill 08 rotates, the peripheral flank of tooth linear velocity of roll mill rotating cylinder 06 and volumetric flow rate be then Higher than ground floor roll mill 02 rotation when peripheral flank of tooth linear velocity and volumetric flow rate;Flank of tooth linear velocity and volumetric flow rate refer to phase To the roll mill rotating cylinder raker tooth of motion and the area in gap of between cog and the product of the tangential linear velocity of roll mill rotating cylinder, that is, phase The volume flow in gap between the roll mill rotating cylinder of motion.When n-th layer roll mill 10 rotates, roll mill rotating cylinder periphery flank of tooth linear speed Degree and volumetric flow rate are higher than then peripheral flank of tooth linear velocity and volumetric flow rate during the rotation of (n-1) layer roll mill rotating cylinder;Speedup How much depend on the bulk properties of granulation material granulation dry run.The solid accumulation volume of combined type granulating and drying process from Top to bottm generally individually reduce 3, area etc. part by volumetric expansion area, volume area at a stalemate and volume to form, when volume reduces substantially When, when lower floor's roll mill rotates, roll mill rotating cylinder periphery flank of tooth linear velocity and volumetric flow rate are then less than turning of upper strata roll mill rotating cylinder Peripheral flank of tooth linear velocity and volumetric flow rate when dynamic.These, all by depending on the bulk properties according to the material different in moisture stage.With logical Often roll mill is the same, under it(Side)Cleaning blade 05 is installed at end, clears up material in roll mill tooth in time.
All roll mill rotating cylinders all can install thermal source supply, the swivel coupling 04 of output mechanism, continually to supply heat Energy.
The present invention provides three kinds of heating forms, respectively:Steam, conduction oil and heat smoke(Or hot gas);Steam and leading Deep fat is indirect heat exchange thermal source, heat smoke(Or hot gas)For direct heat transfer thermal source.Steam is clear energy sources, and conduction oil is to follow The ring energy.
Equipment multiple layer combination casing 11 can be combined with single or multiple lift, and generally every layer of roll mill is arranged on one solely In vertical casing, multilayer is applied in combination up and down.Layer box body can be according to unified installation dimension, so that combined type comminutor up and down Multi-layered modular can combine, be easy to standardization, large-scale production and during system debug, combined type granulated The machine roll mill number of plies(Heat exchange area)Increase or decrease;In particular cases set it is also possible to the whole series are completed by an individual layer casing The installation of the standby multigroup roll mill of multilayer.Arrange in comminutor ground floor and on exhaust outlet 03 and support 16, undermost air inlet is set 12, in time the waste gas evaporating can be discharged, reduce the moisture content in casing, strengthen work evaporation power;Every layer box body is all Including striker plate 07, directing material enters lower floor's roll mill work.During the suitable position of design, striker plate 07 extends becomes internal The deflector of gas, the air-flow in overall casing after combination, under the guiding of deflector, flows to progressively according to certain design Through each roll mill layer, the steam having evaporated is taken away, strengthen and power is dried.
Multiple layer combination casing bottom connects bracing frame 16.Bracing frame 16 be provided with air inlet 12;Comminutor bracing frame 16 Can also be supported by upstream device and constitute(As tray drying mechanism member), in this case, the particle that comminutor is discharged need not Induction system can be directly entered upstream device and continue drying;The gas supplementing or thermal source can also be direct by lower end equipment interface There is provided.
In multiple layer combination casing 11 gas discharge mode can be airtight negative pressure adjusted and controlled air inducing or vacuum extract out or Unlimited sporadic form.If need to supplement air inlet, air preheating system can be set.If gas element in the control comminutor needing During content, corresponding monitoring system can be set.Or can also be by setting bypass in closed circuit circulatory system to discharge boil-off gas Body.
The transmission of combined type comminutor(Not shown in Fig. 6):One end of roll mill rotating cylinder 06 is mounted with swivel coupling 04, separately Power drive mechanism will be installed in one end(As gear, sprocket wheel, power transmission shaft, reductor and motor etc.), generally, every group Box-like comminutor is by 1 group of power(Reductor and motor combination)By sprocket wheel, gear or power transmission shaft, whole equipment transmission is transported Row gets up it is also possible to by multigroup(Containing more than 2 groups)Power is driven, and transmission speed is by automatic control system according to physical property linear speed Degree, netted teeth groove or the flank of tooth linear velocity of independent radial direction teeth groove and the characteristic of volumetric flow rate need to carry out Discrete control.
Fig. 7 is multigroup sandwich construction schematic diagram of combined type comminutor of the present invention;Include multigroup roll mill on each layer Rotating cylinder(Every a pair of roll mill rotating cylinder is one group), form multiple rolling surfaces, also increase the capacity of charging temporary storing bin 01 simultaneously, improve Wet stock conveying and rolling efficiency, adapt to different needs.
The layout of described roll mill rotating cylinder can be single-row multilayer(As n-layer), as shown in Figure 6;It can also be multiple row(m Row)Multilayer(N-layer), as shown in Figure 7.
The outside diameter D of roll mill rotating cylinder1、D2、……Dn:The diameter of rotating cylinder can be identical, i.e. D1=D2=……=Dn, It can be random value.
Rotating cylinder outside diameter D determines, diameter is big according to material hardness, flow performance, and ground floor strip-shaped materials machine is to rolling The material compression amount of machine rotating cylinder processed is just big, produces resistance just high with regard to big, power consumption;Diameter is little, and comminutor list roll mill turns Cylinder heat exchange area is just little, and also because axle rod increases and the supporting complexity that seems, actual efficiency reduces the equipment of same evaporability.Cause This, the design of roll mill rotating cylinder outside diameter must is fulfilled for, on the premise of relatively low power consumption, smoothly completing strip-shaped materials(Thing Material strip shape exports)Shaping, reaches target that is energy-saving, completing granulating and drying task.
The size range of D can generally adopt 300mm in the range of 150~2000mm(Actual roll mill rotating cylinder outer diameter ruler Very little value need to reduce ε).
D can be random value, i.e. can be different in the diameter dimension of the strip-shaped materials roll mill rotating cylinder of same layer, not Diameter dimension with the strip-shaped materials roll mill rotating cylinder of layer can also be different, so comminutor of combination, equally can meet Production requirement.
In the case that the strip-shaped materials machine number of plies is many, for mitigating active thrust load, multiple power sources can be set;
The less material for caking property, when levels strip-shaped materials machine logarithm, diameter are identical, rolling in the middle of strip-shaped materials machine Gap processed levels will lead to material to pass perpendicularly through strip-shaped materials machine layer without layer below vertically on a vertical line In carry out heat exchange, impact heat transfer granulation outcome, so, misplace arrangement.Rotating cylinder logarithm difference or roll mill basket diameter are not With the rolling gap in the middle of strip-shaped materials machine can misplace in vertical direction, the object of whereabouts can be arranged in roll mill Heat-transfer effect is played on rotating cylinder.
Fig. 1-3 is the structural representation that single group rolls rotating cylinder, and wherein Fig. 1 rolls the sectional schematic diagram of rotating cylinder for single group(Side Depending on), indicate and understand from section, when harder material is granulated, take N1 < N2 speed, the rotating cylinder on the left side plays slow Slow feeding and stay the situation pulling material, the rotating cylinder on the right plays to be pullled material and acts on, and the relative motion of left and right rotating cylinder completes draws Pull block, the effect of pie material;When granulation is for uniform soft material, N1=N2 can be taken;
Fig. 4 is the schematic three dimensional views that single group rolls rotating cylinder(Overlook);, indicate working condition during pairing;
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional enlarged drawing that single group rolls rotating cylinder crown, indicates three-dimensional intuitive manner;
Fig. 8-Figure 10 shows the construction of the netted teeth groove of roll mill rotating cylinder of the present invention or independent radial direction teeth groove and engages situation schematic diagram. In figure 21 is engagement forming tank, and 22 is heat source medium, and 20 is roll mill drum wall;A is the radial direction facewidth, b is tooth depth, c is bottom of the tooth The distance of the flank of tooth is arrived at circle center, R is bottom of the tooth radius of circle, V is multi-head spiral groove depth, W is multi-head spiral well width;
Wherein, γ is draft angle, and draft angle will be according to hard gravel that may be present in material viscosity, humidity, hardness and material etc. Characteristic determines, 5~90 ° of general value;
δ is engaging tooth point axial gap, and ε is engagement crown radial clearance, δ and ε determines according to material hardness, viscosity, flow performance Determine it is therefore an objective to ensureing in sectility, pullling shaping(Strip-shaped materials shape)On the basis of, there are enough gaps, to ensure that roll mill turns The movement interference phenomenon that cylinder is heated caused by thermal expansion.
α is the folder of tooth top cusp and roll mill rotating cylinder axial connecting line and the vertical symmetry center line in roll mill rotating cylinder axle center Angle, 5~135 ° of value, angle is the arrangement and the decision of friction pressure angle according to each layer of combined type comminutor, is in edge Roll mill rotating cylinder, in the case that casing installing space is possible, increases angle, typically adopts 105 °;It is in the middle of every layer box body Roll mill rotating cylinder, due to the restriction in casing installing space, angle can only layout at 5~45 °, general adopt 15 °;
β is bottom of the tooth at gear piece bottom surface and crown point(Cylindrical)The angle of the tangent line in face, 0~30 ° of value, typically adopt 15 °, give One friction pressure angle is so that the material in groove can successfully be removed by blade.
θ is Elastic tool post within angle, and 60~180 ° of value needs the rigid different of rejecting according to that may be present in softer material The feature of thing, determines the size of angle.
τ is the gap of Elastic tool post and roll mill rotating cylinder 04 outer round surface.It is typically based on need that may be present in softer material The size characteristic of rigid foreign matter to be rejected, determines the size in gap.Scope is 2~10mm, typically takes 5mm.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out further to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect Describe in detail, be should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, All any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done etc., should be included in the present invention's Within protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of combined type comminutor, including multiple layer combination casing, the temporary feed bin of charging, rolling unit, heating system and power System is it is characterised in that described multiple layer combination casing(11)The superiors be configured with exhaust outlet(03), orlop be configured with air inlet Mouthful(12)With bottom bracing frame(16), described air inlet(12)For being arranged on bracing frame(16)On;Described multiple layer combination casing (11)In the case gas discharge, airtight negative pressure adjusted and controlled air inducing, vacuum extract out or open wide distribute by the way of exclude multiple layer combination case Body(11)The hot and humid gas of interior generation;Described multiple layer combination casing(11)Each layer box body by multilayer comminutor adpting flange(24) It is connected, the quantity of casing can arbitrarily increase and decrease;
Feed bin is kept in described charging(01)It is arranged on multiple layer combination casing(11)Top, hold wet stock(18);Described charging Temporary feed bin(01)With multiple layer combination casing(11)The first layer box body pass through the temporary feed bin adpting flange of charging(23)Connect solid Fixed sealing;
Described rolling unit is that 2 layers or more than 2 layers of roll mill is constituted, and every layer of roll mill has the roll mill of 1 group or more than 1 group Rotating cylinder(06), it is combined into a single roll mill layer;Each layer roll mill is arranged on described multiple layer combination casing(11)Interior and on Lower arrangement;
Ground floor roll mill rotating cylinder in feeding warehouse bottom rolling unit(06)The upper elastic stripping bracket of setting or elastic stripping film (14), for isolating wet stock(18)Interior rigid foreign matter(15)And damp extraordinary material and rapidly enter roll mill;
Described roll mill drum surface is provided with radial ringed groove or multi-head spiral groove replaces meshy arrangement, forms indenting lattice Office, operates in formation relative motion between staggered canine tooth by two roll mill rotating cylinder differentials relatively, by viscosity, lump material easily Pull into fluffy particle;
Equipped with damper between every layer of roll mill rotating cylinder in addition to described ground floor roll mill(17), prevent material from roll mill rotating cylinder Straight-through between gap;
Described heating system includes the roll mill rotating cylinder in every layer of roll mill(06)The swivel coupling of upper setting(04), cooperation exhaust Mouthful(03), undermost air inlet(12)There is provided three kinds of heating forms, respectively:Steam, conduction oil and hot gas;Steam and leading Deep fat is indirect heat exchange thermal source, and hot gas is direct heat transfer thermal source;
Described dynamical system includes power combination and transmission system, and described power combination is by 1 group or multigroup reductor and electronic Machine combines, and described transmission system is made up of sprocket wheel, gear or power transmission shaft, and described transmission speed is by automatic control system, driving-chain Carry out hierarchical control or setting ratio transmission.
2. comminutor according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described multiple layer combination casing(11)Upper setting striker plate (07), described striker plate(07)It is separately mounted to the both sides of every layer of roll mill, the wherein striker plate of side(07)Lengthen with described Multiple layer combination casing(11)Contact internal walls, the lengthening striker plate of levels(07)Mutually stagger, with undermost air inlet(12) And exhaust outlet(03)Cooperatively form the passage of hot and humid gas discharge.
3. comminutor according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that each roll mill rotating cylinder(06)Lower section setting cleaning blade (05), residual material in the groove of the cleaning netted teeth groove of radial direction or independent radial direction teeth groove.
4. comminutor according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described multiple layer combination casing(11)It is by multiple independences , the modular cabinet with unified installation dimension is constituted, each multiple layer combination casing(11)One layer of roll mill is installed, according to upper Lower floor assembles, and forms combined type comminutor.
5. comminutor according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that multilayer in described combined type comminutor top layer roll mill Combination box(11)Side side position install exhaust outlet(03)Connect air-introduced machine, will give up, outside humid gas discharge machine;When thermal source is adopted When using thermal current, open up inlet and outlet mouth in the same layer both sides of equivalent layer or intersection side position.
6. comminutor according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that every group of described combined type every layer of roll mill of comminutor is rolled Machine basket diameter processed, effective length, slot form, size can be the same or different;Each layer roll mill rolls rotating cylinder quantity phase Together can also be different.
7. comminutor according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that next layer of roll mill flank of tooth of described combined type comminutor Corresponding flank of tooth linear velocity and volumetric flow rate are big than the roll mill rotating cylinder of its last layer roll mill for linear velocity and volumetric flow rate, its The roll mill rotating cylinder corresponding flank of tooth linear velocity of the remaining netted teeth groove of adjacent layer roll mill or independent radial direction teeth groove and volumetric flow rate root Volume characteristic according to each water-cut stage of material adjusts.
8. comminutor according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that described Elastic tool post within angle θ is 60~180 °, elastic Knife rest and roll mill rotating cylinder(04)The gap τ of outer round surface is 2~10mm, typically takes 5mm;Described roll mill rotating cylinder(02)De- Modular angle γ is 5~90 °.
9. comminutor according to claim 8 it is characterised in that described roll mill basket diameter D be 150~2000mm, Typically take 300mm;The design angle of the multi-head spiral angle ψ of the multi-head spiral axial tooth face of rotating cylinder is 20~45 °, and depth V is footpath To flank of tooth depth b 30%~80%;The number of teeth difference of the gear on rotating cylinder can also be identical;The diameter of described roll mill rotating cylinder and Logarithm is identical or different, and the rolling gap in the middle of each layer roll mill is arranged vertically in vertical direction or Heterogeneous Permutation.
10. comminutor according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that described roll mill rotating cylinder(02)The field of conjugate action be netted The field of conjugate action of teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove or plane engaging surface, the tooth of the field of conjugate action of described netted teeth groove or independent radial direction teeth groove Groove shape is semicircle or flat shape;Described cleaning blade(05)Tooth top cusp is turned to roll mill rotating cylinder axial connecting line with roll mill The angle α of the vertical symmetry center line in cylinder axle center is 5~135 °;The tangent line of bottom of the tooth or periphery at gear piece bottom surface and crown point Angle β is 0~30 °.
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CN107519816A (en) * 2017-09-09 2017-12-29 安徽瑞虎肥业有限公司 A kind of composite heat transfer drum granulating machine
CN108745201A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-11-06 浙江森友环保成套设备有限公司 A kind of mud granulizing mechanism
CN108905894A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-30 武汉科技大学 A kind of automatic demoulding dry powder prilling machine
CN109758974A (en) * 2019-02-20 2019-05-17 江苏华岳昇环保科技有限公司 A kind of combined type granulating and drying machine
WO2019114652A1 (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-06-20 靖江市鑫盛环保科技有限责任公司 Combined crushing granulation dryer
CN110479573A (en) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-22 张元才 Foreign matter sorting unit
CN112645558A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-13 安阳艾尔旺新能源环境有限公司 Sludge drying system and sludge drying treatment process
CN112745006A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-04 安阳艾尔旺新能源环境有限公司 Drying and granulating device

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CN107519816A (en) * 2017-09-09 2017-12-29 安徽瑞虎肥业有限公司 A kind of composite heat transfer drum granulating machine
WO2019114652A1 (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-06-20 靖江市鑫盛环保科技有限责任公司 Combined crushing granulation dryer
CN108905894A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-30 武汉科技大学 A kind of automatic demoulding dry powder prilling machine
CN108905894B (en) * 2018-06-13 2021-03-09 武汉科技大学 Automatic drawing of patterns dry powder granulator
CN108745201A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-11-06 浙江森友环保成套设备有限公司 A kind of mud granulizing mechanism
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CN112645558A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-13 安阳艾尔旺新能源环境有限公司 Sludge drying system and sludge drying treatment process
CN112745006A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-04 安阳艾尔旺新能源环境有限公司 Drying and granulating device

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