CN106411132B - Photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system integrated form single tube DC/DC converter - Google Patents
Photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system integrated form single tube DC/DC converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106411132B CN106411132B CN201611122226.4A CN201611122226A CN106411132B CN 106411132 B CN106411132 B CN 106411132B CN 201611122226 A CN201611122226 A CN 201611122226A CN 106411132 B CN106411132 B CN 106411132B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system integrated form single tube DC/DC converters, including photovoltaic cell, battery, water pump system and DC/DC converter circuit, DC/DC converter circuit includes the Buck circuit of prime and the switched inductors high-gain Buck-Boost circuit of rear class, and front stage circuits and late-class circuit are connected with switching tube S jointly.The front stage circuits work of the converter realizes MPPT and battery constant-voltage charge double mode free switching using frequency control, to improve the utilization rate of solar energy and realize the overvoltage protection of battery in DCM mode；Late-class circuit works in CCM mode, is controlled using variable duty cycle, realizes the decompression speed of water pump.Prime Buck converter and rear class switched inductors One Buck-Boost converter body are integrated by multiplex switch pipe, have many advantages, such as that structure is simple, at low cost, output voltage adjustable range is wide, high-efficient by converter of the invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to convertor controls technical fields, and in particular to a kind of photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system use is integrated
Formula single tube DC/DC converter.
Background technique
The problems such as photovoltaic water pump system is the Drinking Water for Residents for the remote districts that normal grid can not reach, irrigation, cultivation
Solution provide effective way.It is mounted, runs currently, the whole world has ten hundreds of photovoltaic water pump systems, to improvement
Local environment and resident living condition have played great function.
Photovoltaic water pump system can be divided into photovoltaic and individually power and photovoltaic-battery joint power supply two major classes.With the former phase
Than photovoltaic-battery joint power supply water pump system is able to maintain rated condition fortune under cloudy day or cloudy weather
Row, therefore more flexible using the time and load controllability is more preferable.Photovoltaic-battery joint powered water pump system structure master
Will there are three types of, respectively as shown in instruction sheet 1 (a)-(c).In figure, water pump contains motor (usually induction machine, switch magnetic
Hinder motor or permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine) and centrifugal pump.
In structure shown in Fig. 1 (a), DC/DC photovoltaic interface converter realizes the MPPT maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic cell, rear class
The frequency conversion drive of full-bridge inverter realization motor.Although the structure is relatively simple, in-between DC bus-bar voltage is due to storing
The clamping action of battery and it is approximate constant.In order to adjust the revolving speed of water pump, inverter must use multiple current sensors and answer
Miscellaneous frequency control, this causes system cost to increase.Fig. 1 (b) show three port organizations.Wherein, two-way DC/DC converter is real
The charge and discharge control of existing battery and DC bus-bar voltage control.Theoretically, which can pass through fixed rear class inverter
Switching frequency and modulation ratio, and DC bus-bar voltage is adjusted, to realize the decompression revolving speed control of water pump, to make inverter
Control difficulty is minimized.However, system cost fails to be cut down, and body due to that must use two-way DC/DC converter
Long-pending and weight increases.Compared with three port organizations, all converters are one-way only operation in tandem type structure shown in Fig. 1 (c),
Therefore control difficulty is further simplified, but energy repeated transformation, cause transfer efficiency lower, and cost and integrated level are not
Improved.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the purpose of the present invention is to solve deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of for photovoltaic-electric power storage
The integrated form single tube DC/DC converter of powered water pump system is combined in pond, by multiplex switch pipe, by prime Buck converter and
Rear class switched inductors One Buck-Boost converter body integrates, simple, at low cost, the output voltage adjustable range with structure
The advantages that wide, high-efficient.In addition, converter front stage circuits work adjusts photovoltaic cell by frequency control in DCM mode
And accumulator voltage, and then realize MPPT maximum power point tracking and overcharge protection.Late-class circuit works in CCM mode, passes through PWM
Control realizes that output voltage Isobarically Control and motor speed are adjusted.
A kind of technical solution: photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system integrated form single tube DC/DC transformation of the present invention
Device, including photovoltaic cell, battery, water pump system, the water pump system include three-phase full-bridge inverter, motor and centrifugal pump,
It further include DC/DC converter circuit, the DC/DC converter circuit includes the Buck circuit of prime and the switched inductors height of rear class
Gain Buck-Boost circuit, front stage circuits and late-class circuit are connected with switching tube S jointly.
Further, the DC/DC converter circuit includes diode D4, diode D5, diode D6, inductance L2And electricity
Feel L3, the diode D6Anode be connected separately with inductance L3One end and diode D5Anode, the diode D6Yin
Pole is connected separately with inductance L2One end and diode D4Cathode, the diode D4Anode and inductance L3The other end connect
It connects, the diode D5Cathode and inductance L2The other end connection, the diode D5Cathode and inductance L2The other end also
It is connected with switching tube S jointly；The photovoltaic cell PV is connected with capacitor Cin, the capacitor CinBoth ends be connected separately with two poles
Pipe D1With diode D2, diode D1Anode and diode D2Cathode be also connected with diode D jointly3, battery UBAnd
Capacitor CB, the diode D1Cathode be also connected with inductance L1, the diode D2Anode be also connected with switching tube S, simultaneously
Water pump system is also connected in parallel to capacitor C0, capacitor C0It is also connected with diode D7。
The invention also discloses a kind of above-mentioned photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system integrated form single tube DC/DC converters
Control method: the front stage circuits work of the converter realizes MPPT and battery constant-voltage charge using frequency control in DCM mode
Double mode free switching, to improve the utilization rate of solar energy and realize the overvoltage protection of battery；Late-class circuit works in the side CCM
Formula is controlled using variable duty cycle, realizes the decompression speed of water pump.
Further, which can be divided into four operation modes in the next switch periods of DCM-CCM working method:
(1) mode 1, t0-t1: t0Before moment, switching tube S, diode D1-D5It is in off state, inductance L1Electric current
It is 0, inductance L2、L3Through diode D6、D7Linear discharge；In t0Moment opens switching tube S, diode D2、D4、D5Conducting, remaining
The equal reverse bias of diode, inductance L1-L3Receiving forward voltage, therefore inductance L1-L3Electric current iL1(t)-iL3(t) equal linear increase；
(2) mode 2, t1-t2: t1Moment, inductance L1Electric current iL1(t1)=2iL2(t1), battery current iB(t1)=0, mould
State 1 terminates, and mode 2 starts；At this point, diode D2Reverse-biased and D3Conducting, inductance L1-L3Electric current iL1(t)-iL3(t) still according to original
The slope come continues to rise；
(3) mode 3, t2-t3: t2Moment, on-off switching tube S, mode 2 terminate, and mode 3 starts；At this point, diode D2-D5
It is reverse-biased, remaining diode current flow, inductance L1-L3Bear backward voltage, inductance L1Electric current iL1(t) pass through diode D1Afterflow, and it is electric
Feel L2Electric current iL2(t) through diode D6、D7Afterflow；
(4) mode 4, t3-t4: t3Moment, inductance L1Electric current iL1(t) drop to 0, mode 3 terminates, and mode 4 starts；At this point,
Switching tube S, diode D1-D5It is in off state, and inductance L2Electric current iL2(t) still through diode D6、D7T is arrived in afterflow4When
It carves, opens switching tube S, mode 4 terminates, and next switch periods start, repeat the above process.
The utility model has the advantages that of the present invention a kind of for photovoltaic-battery joint powered water pump system integrated form single tube
DC/DC converter, by multiplex switch pipe, by prime Buck converter and rear class switched inductors One Buck-Boost converter body collection
At, having many advantages, such as that structure is simple, at low cost, output voltage adjustable range is wide, high-efficient together.In addition, before the converter
The work of grade circuit adjusts photovoltaic cell and accumulator voltage by frequency control in DCM mode, and then realizes maximum power
Point tracks and overcharges protection.Late-class circuit works in CCM mode, is controlled by PWM, realizes output voltage Isobarically Control and motor
Rotational speed regulation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the basic block diagram that photovoltaic-battery combines powered water pump system in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is integrated form single tube DC/DC converter circuit topological diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of each mode of the converter of the present invention in a switch periods；
Fig. 4 is each mode key waveforms figure of the converter of the present invention in a switch periods；
Fig. 5 is the U under control model of the present inventiono1With UB、UinRelationship curved surface；
Fig. 6 is the U under control model of the present inventionin、UBAnd fsRelationship qualitative description figure；
Fig. 7 is the Buck grade circuit control block diagram of converter of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is Buck-Boost grades of circuit control block diagrams of high-gain of converter of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is that photovoltaic cell surveys output characteristic curve；
Figure 10 is the main circuit structure figure of experimental prototype；
Figure 11 is the controling circuit structure figure of experimental prototype；
Figure 12 is Uin=17V, UB=10.5V, Io=1A, UoInductance L when=24V1、L2Current waveform figure；
Figure 13 is UoExperimental waveform figure when=24V；
Figure 14 is UoExperimental waveform figure when=12V；
Figure 15 is Mode-switch experimental waveform figure；
Figure 16 is efficiency curve diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to accompanying drawings and embodiments,
The present invention is described in more detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
1 switched inductors integrated form single tube DC/DC inverter main circuit
Integrated form single tube DC/DC converter proposed by the present invention for photovoltaic storage battery joint powered water pump system, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, including photovoltaic cell PV, battery UB, water pump system, for the ease of analyzing, by three-phase full-bridge inverter, electricity in figure
Machine and centrifugal pump group are combined, unified to be indicated with water pump symbol.As seen from Figure 2, the DC/ of the mentioned converter of the present invention
DC converter circuit prime is Buck circuit, and rear class is switched inductors high-gain Buck-Boost circuit, Papillary switching tube
S.DC/DC converter circuit includes diode D4, diode D5, diode D6, inductance L2With inductance L3, the diode D6's
Anode is connected separately with inductance L3One end and diode D5Anode, the diode D6Cathode be connected separately with inductance L2
One end and diode D4Cathode, the diode D4Anode and inductance L3The other end connection, the diode D5Yin
Pole and inductance L2The other end connection, the diode D5Cathode and inductance L2The other end be also connected with switching tube S jointly.
It further include bypass in addition to DC/DC converter circuit in Fig. 2, photovoltaic cell PV is connected with capacitor Cin, the capacitor
CinBoth ends be connected separately with diode D1With diode D2, diode D1Anode and diode D2Cathode also connect jointly
There is diode D3, battery UBAnd capacitor CB, the diode D1Cathode be also connected with inductance L1, the diode D2's
Anode is also connected with switching tube S, while water pump system is also connected in parallel to capacitor C0, capacitor C0It is also connected with diode D7。
For the MPPT maximum power point tracking and the control of water pump decompression speed for realizing photovoltaic array, the mentioned converter of the present invention needs
Closed-loop control is carried out simultaneously to input, output voltage, and this needs two control amounts.However, only one switch of the converter
Pipe S, therefore the Two-stage converter without image of Buddha routine is such, the duty ratio by adjusting front stage switching tube respectively is realized different
The closed-loop control of output quantity.For this purpose, the present invention allows preceding level work in DCM, its output quantity is controlled using PFM；Allow late-class circuit
Work is controlled in CCM, to its output quantity using PWM.
For simplifying the analysis, it assumes initially that system work has reached stable state, and meets the following conditions: 1. all power
Pipe, capacitor and inductance are ideal element；2. all capacitors are all sufficiently large, voltage ripple zero, i.e. voltage Uin、UBAnd Uo
Approximately constant, therefore constant pressure source can be equivalent to.③L2=L3, therefore D4And L2Series circuit and D5And L3Series circuit it is symmetrical,
That is iL2(t)=iL3And D (t),4、D5Voltage, electric current it is identical, therefore only provide i in analytic process belowL2(t) expression
Formula.
Based on it is above-mentioned it is assumed that when DCM-CCM work of the system in a switch periods can be divided into 4 mode, each
The corresponding equivalent circuit of operation mode is as shown in figure 3, primary waves shape is as shown in Figure 4.
Mode 1:[t0-t1] (shown in equivalent circuit such as Fig. 3 (a)).
t0Before moment, S, D1-D5It is in off state, inductance L1Electric current be 0, inductance L2、L3Through D6、D7Linear discharge.
In t0Moment opens S, D2、D4、D5Conducting, the equal reverse bias of remaining diode.L1-L3Receiving forward voltage, therefore iL1(t)-iL3
(t) equal linear increase, expression formula are respectively as follows:
Mode 2:[t1-t2] (shown in equivalent circuit such as Fig. 3 (b)).
t1Moment, iL1(t1)=2iL2(t1), iB(t1)=0, mode 1 terminate, and mode 2 starts.At this point, D2Reverse-biased and D3It leads
It is logical.iL1(t)-iL3(t) continue to rise still according to original slope, expression formula is similar with mode 1, repeats no more.
Mode 3:[t2-t3] (shown in equivalent circuit such as Fig. 3 (c)).
t2Moment turns off S, and mode 2 terminates, and mode 3 starts.At this point, D2-D5It is reverse-biased, remaining diode current flow.L1-L3It holds
By backward voltage, iL1(t) pass through D1Afterflow, and iL2(t) through D6、D7Afterflow, expression formula are respectively as follows:
Mode 4:[t3-t4] (shown in equivalent circuit such as Fig. 3 (d)).
t3Moment, iL1(t) drop to 0, mode 3 terminates, and mode 4 starts.At this point, S, D1-D5It is in off state, and
iL2(t) still through D6、D7Afterflow, expression formula and formula (4) are similar, repeat no more.To t4Moment opens S, and mode 4 terminates, next
A switch periods start, and repeat the above process.
2 Analysis of Steady-State Performance
2.1 voltages, current relationship
By Such analysis it is found that inductive current iL1With UoIt is unrelated, and inductive current iL2With UinIt is related.That is, by
In the clamping action of battery, power coupled relation is not present with high-gain Buck-Boost grades in the Buck grade of converter.Therefore,
Converter can be splitted into front and back stages, its voltage, current relationship are analyzed respectively.·
There are many documents that the voltage of DCM Buck converter, current relationship expression formula has been discussed in detail, therefore here
It repeats no more, directly gives associated expression.
In formula, IL1For inductance L1Current average, IL1,cFor iL1Average value when critical continuous mode, IinIt is flat for input current
Mean value, IL1,pFor iL1Peak value, D is duty ratio, D1For iL1Fall time and switch periods TsRatio, as shown in Figure 4.
The voltage relationship of high-gain One Buck-Boost converter body are as follows:
It can be obtained by Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, export current average are as follows:
Io=IL2(1-D) (7)
In formula, IL2For inductance L2Current average.
The restrictive condition of 2.2DCM-CCM operation
By increasing L2And L3Inductance, more easily rear class can be made to work in CCM.Thereby, it is ensured that system works
It is to realize that Buck grades of DCM works in the key of DCM-CCM.According to above-mentioned analysis, Buck grades will be in entire working range
Realize DCM operation, it is necessary to meet IL1<IL1,c。
Therefore, it can be obtained by formula (5):
It means that the duty ratio D of converter is necessarily less than current U in any situationB/Uin.Otherwise, no
Pipe inductance L1How value, regardless of switching frequency fsHow to adjust, inductive current iL1It is all continuous.And the duty of converter
It is determined than D by Buck-Boost grades of high-gain.Therefore, it can be obtained by formula (6) and formula (8):
As it can be seen that work in DCM-CCM, the U of the mentioned converter of the present inventionoThere are upper limit Uo1.Work as UoWhen more than the upper limit,
iL1Continuous state will be entered.In addition, the U it can be seen from formula (9)o1With UinAnd UBIt is related.It could therefore be concluded that: in order to complete
DCM-CCM is run in range, the output voltage of the converter has to be lower than Uo1In Uin、UBMinimum value in variation range.
Assuming that Uin=14.1V~16.8V, UB=10.5V~13.5V, the voltage rating for loading water pump is 24V.Fig. 5 is provided
Uo1With UB、UinRelationship curved surface.It can be seen that Uo1Minimum value be 35V.In other words, the present invention is mentioned when DCM-CCM
The output voltage adjustable range of converter is (0,35V), and it comprises rated voltage with load (24V), this shows this operation mould
Load being capable of full voltage range reliably working under formula.
3 control strategies
Preceding to have addressed, normal condition downconverter is needed to input voltage UinIt is adjusted, to realize photovoltaic cell
MPPT control.When cell voltage, which reaches, overcharges protection threshold value, converter should be detached from rapidly MPPT mode, and be transferred to battery perseverance
Pressure charging (Battery Voltage Regulation, BVR) mode, avoids battery from damaging because of over-voltage.Due to uinAnd uB
It is the output quantity of prime Buck circuit, and circuit work is in DCM, it is therefore necessary to MPPT and BVR are realized using PFM control
Control.The implementation method of two kinds of operating modes of lower surface analysis MPPT and BVR.
The loss for ignoring converter, is approximately considered Pin=IL1UB, then it can be obtained by formula (5):
In formula, PinFor the input power (i.e. the output power of photovoltaic cell) of converter.
Under MPPT mode, it is approximately considered UBIt is basically unchanged.If the operating point of photovoltaic cell is in voltage zone at this time, with Uin
Increase, PinIt is gradually reduced, therefore fsIncrease；If the operating point of photovoltaic cell is in Current Zone, IinIt is basically unchanged, with Uin
Be gradually increased, fsStill it is gradually increased.In other words, fsAnd UinIn monotonic increase relationship, as shown in Fig. 6 (a).
Under BVR mode, if the operating point of photovoltaic cell is in voltage zone, UinIt is basically unchanged, and with UBIncrease, PinBy
It is cumulative big, lead to fsIt will be gradually reduced；If the operating point of photovoltaic cell is in Current Zone, IinIt is basically unchanged, and PinWith UB's
Increase and increase, leads to UinIt increased dramatically and amplitude is greater than UB, finally make fsIncrease.To sum up, f can be obtainedsAnd UinSubstantially pass
System, as shown in Fig. 6 (b).
It can be obtained by Fig. 6, the PFM control block diagram of two kinds of operational modes of Buck grades of circuits MPPT and BVR and its switching, such as 7 institutes
Show.PFM is frequency modulation circuit in figure, can change the triangular carrier frequency f of PWM modulator, and f is with PFM circuit
Input voltage ucIncrease and is gradually reduced.In order to ensure photovoltaic cell work improves the reliable of system in voltage zone under BVR mode
Property, accumulator voltage feedback system uses u in figuree2=uB,ref-uB, uBFor battery voltage sampled value, uB,refFor its benchmark
Value.
In addition, Min { 1,2 } is to take small function in figure, that is, select in branch 1,2 that lesser branch of output valve as work
Make branch, and another branch is shielded.The function is used to realize the MPPT mode of Buck grades of circuits and the freedom of BVR mode
Switching.When cell voltage, which is less than, overcharges protection threshold value, controller 2 enters positive saturation, and output valve is greater than the output of controller 1
Value.Therefore, branch 1 is selected, and Buck level work is in MPPT mode.When battery is full of, end voltage, which reaches, overcharges protection threshold
When value, controller 2 exits positive saturation, and output valve is progressively smaller until the output valve lower than controller 1.At this point, branch 2 is selected
In, Buck grades by MPPT pattern switching to BVR mode.
Rear class high-gain Buck-Boost circuit is controlled by PWM and realizes constant voltage output, and control block diagram is as shown in Figure 8.
In figure, Ku3For uoFeedback factor；Gc3It (s) is the transmission function of controller 3；FmFor PWM modulator gain.
4 experimental verifications
For verify wide output voltage integrated form single tube DC/DC converter proposed by the present invention feasibility and theory analysis and
The correctness of design, has built an experimental prototype, and main circuit and control circuit difference are as shown in FIG. 10 and 11.Converter
Input source is constituted by the photovoltaic cell component (SX10M) of Liang Kuai BP company production is in parallel, and battery is produced using Panasonic Corporation
10Ah lead-acid battery, and load remain as DC40-2470 26W brushless direct-current water pump (650L/H).In addition, the system works
When photovoltaic cell plate face temperature range be set as 25 DEG C -67 DEG C (corresponding environment temperatures be -2 DEG C -40 DEG C), intensity of illumination model
Enclosing is 400W/m2-1000W/m2。
As seen from Figure 11, the input voltage U of the converterin, battery voltage UBWith output voltage UoSampling system
Number is 0.1；Using SG3525 as main control chip, therefore PWM modulator gain is Fm=0.4；Accumulator super-charge protects threshold
Value is set to 13.5V, therefore battery Isobarically Control a reference value is given as uB,ref=1.35V.In addition, being two in dotted line frame in Figure 11
Pole pipe AND gate circuit is used to realize that Min's shown in Fig. 7 { 1,2 } takes small function, to automatically switch converter prime Buck electricity
The MPPT mode and BVR mode on road.
In addition, this experiment is that actual measurement PV curve in outdoor progress, experiment is as shown in Figure 9.As can be seen that light intensity is about
For 900W/m2, solar panel surface temperature is when being about 45 DEG C, the maximum power of photovoltaic array is 19.76W, and corresponding end voltage is
17V.Assume that the MPPT of converter calculates link and is not present in experiment, i.e. the input voltage reference signal u of interface converterin,ref
Directly it is given as 1.7V.
Figure 12 gives Uin=17V, UBThe experimental waveform of=10.5V and full load.It can be seen that L1Discontinuous current, L2With
L3Electric current is continuous, i.e., system works in DCM-CCM, and UoAnd IoIt is stable in 24V and 1A respectively.By previous analysis it is found that the work
U under situationin/UBReach minimum and D reaches maximum, therefore is most difficult to meet the operating condition of DCM-CCM: D < Uin/UB.Therefore, may be used
To infer that the converter one surely reliably realizes PFM-PWM control in full voltage and loading range.
Figure 13 and Figure 14 gives current level work in MPPT mode, UB=12V, and pump working is in full load condition (Io=
U under 1A)in(t)、iin(t)、uo(t) experimental waveform.In this experiment, the reference signal of input voltage is by function generator
It generates, is frequency 0.2Hz, peak-to-peak value 0.3V, offset is the symmetric triangular wave of 1.4V.It can be seen from the figure that although
Input voltage cyclically-varying between 14V to 17V, for output voltage all-the-time stable at 12V (or 24V), i.e. the water pump can be
Work in full voltage range.
In addition, designing following experiment: input voltage to verify MPPT and BVR pattern switching strategy proposed by the present invention
Reference value is set as 1.7V and (has corresponded to the U of photovoltaic arrayMPP=17V)；Output voltage reference value is 1.2V (corresponding output
Voltage 12V), and water pump valve is set in half-open position, to achieve the purpose that converter light running.In addition, being returned in battery
It connects in road 0.1 Ω/2W fixed resistance and electronic load.Battery voltage is UB=12V, electronic load work in constant voltage
Mode.tswitchThe setting value at moment, electronic load sports 2 Ω by 0 original Ω, overcharges situation with imitated storage battery.Figure 15
Give related experiment waveform.It can be seen that twitchAfterwards, the input voltage of converter becomes 19V, battery circuit end from 17V
Voltage is then to become 13.5V, U from 12VoIt is final still stable in 12V.This shows tswitchThe front stage circuits of converter take off rapidly afterwards
From MPPT mode, into BVR mode, and late-class circuit works in output potentiostatic mode always.Further, it is also possible to find out, tswitch
Input voltage is higher than MPP voltage afterwards, this shows to use control structure shown in Fig. 7, and photovoltaic array steady operation exists under BVR mode
Voltage zone, this is consistent with theory analysis above.
In order to accurately calculate efficiency, with source of stable pressure UsConnect a power resistor Rs(20 Ω/50W) as input, outlet side is negative
It carries and uses DC Electronic Loads.Figure 16 gives the efficiency of converter in varied situations.In figure, the corresponding measurement item of each curve
Part is as shown in table 1.Although should be noted that the calculation formula of efficiency herein still are as follows: η=Po/Pin, but PoAnd PinDefinition
It is different from legacy single-input list output translator.As photovoltaic array maximum power PMPPGreater than bearing power IoUoWhen, at battery
In charged state, battery is as conventional load at this time, then Pin=UinIin, Po=IoUo+IBUB；Conversely, electric power storage tank discharge, then
Pin=UinIin+IBUB, Po=IoUo.Based on defined above, system maximal efficiency can be measured are as follows: 94.9%.
The corresponding measuring condition of each curve in 1 Figure 13 of table
| Title | Us/V | Rs/Ω | Uin/V | Uo/V |
| η1 | 40 | 20 | 17 | 24 |
| η2 | 25.4 | 20 | 14 | 24 |
| η3 | 40 | 20 | 17 | 12 |
| η4 | 25.4 | 20 | 14 | 12 |
| η5 | 40 | 20 | 17 | 17 |
| η6 | 25.4 | 20 | 14 | 17 |
The invention proposes a kind of for the integrated form single tube DC/DC transformation of photovoltaic-battery joint powered water pump system
Device analyzes working principle and characteristic, and carries out the optimization design of parameter, has carried out experimental verification finally by model machine.Research knot
Fruit shows:
(1) converter proposed by the present invention can be in entire operating voltage and load variation range, using PFM and PWM
Realize MPPT (or BVR) control and output pressure stabilizing control.
(2) present invention mentions MPPT and battery constant-voltage charge double mode free switching control strategy based on PFM control,
Battery may be implemented overcharges protection.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system integrated form single tube DC/DC converter, including photovoltaic cell PV, battery
UB, water pump system, the water pump system includes three-phase full-bridge inverter, motor and centrifugal pump, it is characterised in that: further includes DC/
DC converter circuit, the DC/DC converter circuit include the Buck circuit of prime and the switched inductors high-gain Buck- of rear class
Boost circuit, front stage circuits and late-class circuit are connected with switching tube S jointly；
The DC/DC converter circuit includes diode D4, diode D5, diode D6, inductance L2With inductance L3, the diode
D6Anode be connected separately with inductance L3One end and diode D5Anode, the diode D6Cathode be connected separately with electricity
Feel L2One end and diode D4Cathode, the diode D4Anode and inductance L3The other end, diode D7Cathode, electricity
Feel L1The other end, battery UBAnode, capacitor CBThe other end connection, the diode D5Cathode and inductance L2It is another
End connection, the diode D5Cathode and inductance L2The other end be also connected with one end of switching tube S, diode D jointly3's
Cathode；The photovoltaic cell PV is connected with capacitor Cin, the capacitor CinAnode be connected with diode D1Cathode and inductance
L1One end, the capacitor CinCathode be connected with diode D2Anode and switching tube S the other end, the diode D1
Anode and diode D2Cathode be also connected with diode D jointly3Anode, battery UBCathode and capacitor CBOne
End, while water pump system is also connected in parallel to capacitor C0, the capacitor C0Cathode be connected with diode D7Anode, the electricity
Hold C0Anode be connected with diode D5Cathode, inductance L2The other end, one end of switching tube S, diode D3Cathode.
2. a kind of photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system according to claim 1 integrated form single tube DC/DC converter
Control method, it is characterised in that: the front stage circuits work of the converter realizes MPPT and storage using frequency control in DCM mode
Battery constant-voltage charge double mode free switching, to improve the utilization rate of solar energy and realize the overvoltage protection of battery；Rear class electricity
Road works in CCM mode, is controlled using variable duty cycle, realizes the decompression speed of water pump.
3. a kind of photovoltaic storage battery powered water pump system according to claim 2 integrated form single tube DC/DC converter
Control method, it is characterised in that: the converter can be divided into four Working moulds in the next switch periods of DCM-CCM working method
State:
(1) mode 1, t0-t1: t0Before moment, switching tube S, diode D1-D5It is in off state, inductance L1Electric current be 0,
Inductance L2、L3Through diode D6、D7Linear discharge；In t0Moment opens switching tube S, diode D2、D4、D5Conducting, remaining two pole
Manage equal reverse bias, inductance L1-L3Receiving forward voltage, therefore inductance L1-L3Electric current iL1(t)-iL3(t) equal linear increase；
(2) mode 2, t1-t2: t1Moment, inductance L1Electric current iL1(t1)=2iL2(t1), battery current iB(t1)=0,1 knot of mode
Beam, mode 2 start；At this point, diode D2Reverse-biased and D3Conducting, inductance L1-L3Electric current iL1(t)-iL3(t) still according to original
Slope continues to rise；
(3) mode 3, t2-t3: t2Moment, on-off switching tube S, mode 2 terminate, and mode 3 starts；At this point, diode D2-D5It is reverse-biased,
Remaining diode current flow, inductance L1-L3Bear backward voltage, inductance L1Electric current iL1(t) pass through diode D1Afterflow, and inductance L2
Electric current iL2(t) through diode D6、D7Afterflow；
(4) mode 4, t3-t4: t3Moment, inductance L1Electric current iL1(t) drop to 0, mode 3 terminates, and mode 4 starts；At this point, switch
Pipe S, diode D1-D5It is in off state, and inductance L2Electric current iL2(t) still through diode D6、D7T is arrived in afterflow4Moment opens
Logical switching tube S, mode 4 terminate, and next switch periods start, repeat the above process.
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| CN107819350B (en) * | 2017-10-15 | 2022-09-02 | 习嘉睿 | AC/DC intelligent identification control circuit for solar photovoltaic water pump |
| CN107947679B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-11-29 | 浙江大学 | A kind of multiport two-way switch reluctance motor driving system for solar hybrid power automobile |
| CN108808822B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-07-14 | 上海交通大学 | Photovoltaic mains supply compensation device for water pump system and control method |
| CN108899928A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-27 | 慈溪市才越光伏科技有限公司 | A kind of solar photovoltaic water pump inverter system |
| CN109861524B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-09-25 | 北京交通大学 | High-gain boost DC converter for fuel cell power generation |
| CN110212842B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-04-28 | 南通大学 | Three-port integrated converter for photovoltaic energy storage system and control method |
| CN110336459B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-04-13 | 南通大学 | Three-port Boost integrated converter for photovoltaic energy storage system and control method |
| CN111823921B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-10-01 | 何清汉 | Photovoltaic-based automatic control system of charging pile |
| CN113162410B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-12-28 | 南通大学 | Three-port converter and control method thereof |
| CN113258772B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2023-02-10 | 西安科技大学 | Secondary buck-boost converter adopting switch inductor |
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