CN106409926A - Multilayer passivation film of crystalline-silicon battery and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Multilayer passivation film of crystalline-silicon battery and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106409926A
CN106409926A CN201611087654.8A CN201611087654A CN106409926A CN 106409926 A CN106409926 A CN 106409926A CN 201611087654 A CN201611087654 A CN 201611087654A CN 106409926 A CN106409926 A CN 106409926A
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film
silicon
oxide film
silicon oxide
thickness
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庞倩桃
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0216Coatings
    • H01L31/02161Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/02168Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells the coatings being antireflective or having enhancing optical properties for the solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/068Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/186Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
    • H01L31/1868Passivation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention discloses a multilayer passivation film of a crystalline-silicon battery and a manufacturing method thereof. The multilayer passivation film comprises a first silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a second silicon oxide film and a silicon oxynitride film. The silicon nitride film is deposited on the first silicon oxide film; the second silicon oxide film is deposited on the silicon nitride film; and the silicon oxynitride film is deposited on the second silicon oxide film. The thickness of the first silicon oxide film is 5 to 9 nm, the thickness of the silicon nitride film is 60 to 90 nm, the thickness of the second silicon oxide film is 10 to 20nm, and the thickness of the silicon oxynitride film is 15 to 30nm. According to the invention, the probability of total reflection of light is improved substantially and thus more light enters a silicon wafer to generate more carriers, so that the battery efficiency is enhanced.

Description

A kind of crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film and its manufacture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of solaode, more particularly to a kind of crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film and its system Make method.
Background technology
At present, increase light frequently with the mode in silicon chip surface depositing antireflection film in solaode large-scale production Utilization rate, lifted battery conversion efficiency.Common thin film mainly has silicon nitride SiNx and silicon oxide sio x, and two kinds of thin film have Different characteristics and preparation method.It is prepared by the way of the many depositions using PECVD of silicon nitride SiNx thin film, there is antireflective Can and body good passivation effect, depositing temperature low, the features such as production capacity is high, but silicon nitride film is high with silicon substrate combination interface state and delustring Characteristic also limit the lifting further of cell conversion efficiency.It is compared to SiNx, silicon oxide sio x thin film has lower boundary Face state, lower refractive index are it is provided that good surface passivation effect, but adopt high-temperature thermal oxidation method its preparation method more Grown, silicon chip is damaged larger, and flow process complexity is relatively costly, is unfavorable for large-scale production.
In addition, the anti-PID characteristic of conventional batteries piece is improved by the refractive index increasing SiNx thin film, the method can be brought A certain degree of loss in efficiency, and in layer deposition SiOx thin film, it is not result in that efficiency drops while improving anti-PID characteristic Low.
Content of the invention
Goal of the invention:It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme:For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film, including the first oxygen SiClx film, silicon nitride film, the second silicon oxide film and silicon oxynitride film;Silicon nitride film deposition is on the first silicon oxide film;Second Silicon oxide film is deposited on silicon nitride film, and silicon oxynitride film is deposited on the second silicon oxide film;First silicon oxide film thickness is 5- 9nm, silicon nitride film thickness is 60-90nm, and the thickness of the second silicon oxide film is 10-20nm, and the thickness of silicon oxynitride film is spent for 15- 30nm.
Operation principle:Crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film of the present invention improves battery effect by passivation and antireflective two aspect Rate.Passivation is to reduce silicon chip surface and internal defect, and in order to reduce the introducing of additional energy, the few son of minimizing is compound, improves less In the sub- life-span, improve battery efficiency;Antireflective is the reflection reducing light by the principle of interference of thin film, and silicon chip can be made to absorb more Many light, more light will produce more photo-generated carriers, improves battery efficiency.
Preferably, the first silicon oxide film thickness is 6-8nm, the thickness of silicon nitride film is 70-80nm, the second silicon oxide film Thickness be 12-18nm, the thickness of silicon oxynitride film is 20-25nm.
Preferably, the refractive index of the first silicon oxide film is 1.2-1.5, the refractive index of silicon nitride film is 2.0-2.2, second The refractive index of silicon oxide film is 1.2-1.5, and the refractive index of silicon oxynitride film is 1.7-1.8.
The preparation method of above-mentioned crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film, including following steps connected in order:
A, the first silicon oxide film is made using thermal oxidation method or PECVD;
B, using PECVD, silicon nitride film is made on ground floor silicon oxide film;
C, using PECVD, the second silicon oxide film is made on silicon nitride film;
D, silicon oxynitride film is made on the second silicon oxide film, to complete crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film using PECVD Making.
Preferably, in step A, the first silicon oxide film is made using PECVD, process conditions are:Temperature 350-380 DEG C, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silane flow rate 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 5-7kW, persistent period 5- 12s.
Preferably, in step B, the process conditions of silicon nitride film are:Temperature 420-550 DEG C, nitrogen flow 20-35L/ Min, ammonia flow 0.6-1.2L/min, silane flow rate 2.5-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 8-10kW, continue Time 35-55s.
Preferably, in step C, the process conditions of the second silicon oxide film are:Temperature 350-380 DEG C, laughing gas flow 3-7L/ Min, silane flow rate 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 5-7kW, persistent period 20-40s.
Preferably, in step D, the process conditions of silicon oxynitride film are:Temperature 400-480 DEG C, nitrogen flow 18-35L/ Min, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silane flow rate 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 5-7kW, persistent period 20- 40s.
Beneficial effect:In crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film of the present invention, ground floor silicon oxide film replaces traditional high index of refraction nitrogen SiClx film, its oxide film is effectively reduced the silicon chip surface density of states, lifts short wave response, reduces recombination-rate surface; The relative dielectric constant of its silica membrane is lower, and insulating properties are good, and anti-PID effect is good;Its three silicon oxide films refractive index Lower, translucidus are more preferable.In the present invention, second layer silicon nitride film is rich in fixed positive charge and protium it is provided that effective field Passivation and body passivation.Third layer silicon oxide film in the present invention, one translucidus are good, and it two is superimposed with second layer silicon nitride film, by It is far below second layer silicon nitride film in its refractive index, therefore light occurs the probability of total reflection will improve a lot, that is, have more Light enters in silicon chip, can produce more carriers, improves battery efficiency.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivation film structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, it is further elucidated with the present invention, the present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention Premised under implemented it should be understood that these embodiments are only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A kind of crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film as shown in Figure 1, described crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film is formed at p-type crystal silicon On battery 1, it includes the first silicon oxide film 2, silicon nitride film 3, the second silicon oxide film 4 and silicon oxynitride film 5;Silicon nitride 3 film It is deposited on the first silicon oxide film 2;Second silicon oxide film 4 is deposited on silicon nitride film 3, and silicon oxynitride film 5 is deposited on the second oxygen On SiClx film 4;First silicon oxide film 2 thickness is 5-9nm, and silicon nitride film 3 thickness is 60-90nm, the thickness of the second silicon oxide film 4 For 10-20nm, the thickness of silicon oxynitride film 5 is 15-30nm.Wherein, preferably, the first silicon oxide film 2 thickness is 6-8nm, The thickness of silicon nitride film 3 is 70-80nm, and the thickness of the second silicon oxide film 4 is 12-18nm, and the thickness of silicon oxynitride film 5 is 20- 25nm, the refractive index of the first silicon oxide film 2 is 1.2-1.5, and the refractive index of silicon nitride film 3 is 2.0-2.2, the second silicon oxide film 4 Refractive index be 1.2-1.5, the refractive index of silicon oxynitride film 5 is 1.7-1.8.
Its manufacture method is as follows:P-type crystal silicon battery 1 is sequentially passed through following normal process steps:Once clean, spread and secondary Cleaning, makes ground floor silicon oxide film using PECVD, and process conditions are:First silicon oxide film is made using PECVD, work Skill condition is:Temperature 350-380 DEG C, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silane flow rate 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio frequency work( Rate 5-7kW, persistent period 5-12s, obtaining thickness is 6-8nm, and refractive index is first silicon oxide film 2 of 1.2-1.5;Then use PECVD makes second layer silicon nitride film 3 on the first silicon oxide film 2, and process conditions are:Temperature 420-550 DEG C, nitrogen flow 20-35L/min, ammonia flow 0.6-1.2L/min, silane flow rate 2.5-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 8- 10kW, persistent period 35-55s, obtain for 70-80nm, and refractive index is the silicon nitride film 3 of 2.0-2.2, reuses PECVD and exists Silicon nitride film 3 makes third layer the second silicon oxide film 4, and process conditions are:Temperature 350-380 DEG C, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silicon Alkane flow 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 5-7kW, persistent period 20-40s, obtaining thickness is 12-18nm, Refractive index is second silicon oxide film 4 of 1.2-1.5, reuses PECVD and makes the 4th layer of silicon oxynitride in the second silicon oxide film 4 Film 4, process conditions are:Temperature 400-480 DEG C, nitrogen flow 18-35L/min, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silane flow rate 2- 4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 5-7kW, persistent period 20-40s, obtaining thickness is 20-25nm, and refractive index is 1.7-1.8 silicon oxynitride film 4.
In crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film of the present invention, ground floor silicon oxide film replaces traditional high index of refraction silicon nitride film, its Oxide film is effectively reduced the silicon chip surface density of states, lifts short wave response, reduces recombination-rate surface;Its silicon dioxide The relative dielectric constant of thin film is lower, and insulating properties are good, and anti-PID effect is good;Its three silicon oxide films refractive index is lower, translucidus More preferably.In the present invention, second layer silicon nitride film is rich in fixed positive charge and protium it is provided that the passivation of effective field and body are blunt Change.Third layer silicon oxide film in the present invention, one translucidus are good, and it two is superimposed with second layer silicon nitride film, due to its refractive index Far below second layer silicon nitride film, therefore light occurs the probability of total reflection will improve a lot, that is, have more light to enter silicon In piece, more carriers can be produced, improve battery efficiency.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that for those skilled in the art For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film it is characterised in that:Including the first silicon oxide film, silicon nitride film, the second silicon oxide Film and silicon oxynitride film;Silicon nitride film deposition is on the first silicon oxide film;Second silicon oxide film is deposited on silicon nitride film, nitrogen Silicon oxide film is deposited on the second silicon oxide film;First silicon oxide film thickness is 5-9nm, and silicon nitride film thickness is 60-90nm, the The thickness of silicon dioxide film is 10-20nm, and the thickness of silicon oxynitride film is 15-30nm.
2. crystal silicon battery surface passivated membrane as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that:First silicon oxide film thickness is 6-8nm, The thickness of silicon nitride film is 70-80nm, and the thickness of the second silicon oxide film is 12-18nm, and the thickness of silicon oxynitride film is 20- 25nm.
3. crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film as claimed in claim 1 or 2 it is characterised in that:The refractive index of the first silicon oxide film For 1.2-1.5, the refractive index of silicon nitride film is 2.0-2.2, and the refractive index of the second silicon oxide film is 1.2-1.5, silicon oxynitride film Refractive index be 1.7-1.8.
4. the crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film described in claim 1-4 any one preparation method it is characterised in that:Including suitable The following steps that sequence connects:
A, the first silicon oxide film is made using thermal oxidation method or PECVD;
B, using PECVD, silicon nitride film is made on ground floor silicon oxide film;
C, using PECVD, the second silicon oxide film is made on silicon nitride film;
D, make silicon oxynitride film on the second silicon oxide film, to complete the system of crystal silicon battery multilamellar passivating film using PECVD Make.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 it is characterised in that:In step A, the first silicon oxide film is made using PECVD, work Skill condition is:Temperature 350-380 DEG C, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silane flow rate 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio frequency work( Rate 5-7kW, persistent period 5-12s.
6. the method as described in claim 4 or 5 it is characterised in that:In step B, the process conditions of silicon nitride film are:Temperature 420-550 DEG C, nitrogen flow 20-35L/min, ammonia flow 0.6-1.2L/min, silane flow rate 2.5-4L/min, pressure 2- 2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 8-10kW, persistent period 35-55s.
7. the method as described in claim 4 or 5 it is characterised in that:In step C, the process conditions of the second silicon oxide film are:Temperature 350-380 DEG C of degree, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silane flow rate 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, radio-frequency power 5-7kW, hold Continuous time 20-40s.
8. the method as described in claim 4 or 5 it is characterised in that:In step D, the process conditions of silicon oxynitride film are:Temperature 400-480 DEG C, nitrogen flow 18-35L/min, laughing gas flow 3-7L/min, silane flow rate 2-4L/min, pressure 2-2.5Torr, Radio-frequency power 5-7kW, persistent period 20-40s.
CN201611087654.8A 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 Multilayer passivation film of crystalline-silicon battery and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN106409926A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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CN107658358A (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-02-02 东方环晟光伏(江苏)有限公司 Solar battery back passivation film structure and its generation method
CN110212071A (en) * 2019-05-22 2019-09-06 华灿光电(浙江)有限公司 Light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit and preparation method thereof
CN112349813A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-02-09 江苏润阳悦达光伏科技有限公司 Crystalline silicon solar cell PECVD low-reflectivity film optimization process
CN113066893A (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-07-02 南通苏民新能源科技有限公司 Double-sided PERC solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN113206002A (en) * 2021-03-13 2021-08-03 普乐新能源科技(徐州)有限公司 Method for preparing high-uniformity ultrathin oxide layer

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CN104409565A (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-03-11 太极能源科技(昆山)有限公司 Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof
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US20120227804A1 (en) * 2009-06-22 2012-09-13 Jihoon Ko Solar cell and method of manufacturing the same
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CN107658358A (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-02-02 东方环晟光伏(江苏)有限公司 Solar battery back passivation film structure and its generation method
CN110212071A (en) * 2019-05-22 2019-09-06 华灿光电(浙江)有限公司 Light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit and preparation method thereof
CN113066893A (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-07-02 南通苏民新能源科技有限公司 Double-sided PERC solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN112349813A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-02-09 江苏润阳悦达光伏科技有限公司 Crystalline silicon solar cell PECVD low-reflectivity film optimization process
CN113206002A (en) * 2021-03-13 2021-08-03 普乐新能源科技(徐州)有限公司 Method for preparing high-uniformity ultrathin oxide layer
CN113206002B (en) * 2021-03-13 2024-01-12 普乐新能源科技(泰兴)有限公司 Method for preparing high-uniformity ultrathin oxide layer

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