CN106404660A - Method for measuring maximal brake friction coefficient between aircraft tires and runway - Google Patents
Method for measuring maximal brake friction coefficient between aircraft tires and runway Download PDFInfo
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- CN106404660A CN106404660A CN201610766896.3A CN201610766896A CN106404660A CN 106404660 A CN106404660 A CN 106404660A CN 201610766896 A CN201610766896 A CN 201610766896A CN 106404660 A CN106404660 A CN 106404660A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring the maximal brake friction coefficient between aircraft tires and a runway, belonging to the field of structural dynamics. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring acceleration a<0> during taxiing of an aircraft; then allowing the aircraft to taxi under an uttermost braking force and acquiring acceleration a<max>; calculating the increment delta mu of a friction coefficient; and calculating the maximal brake friction coefficient mu<max> on the base of the increment and a rolling friction coefficient mu. The method is easy to implement in calculation of the maximal brake friction coefficient between the aircraft tires and the runway; without auxiliary conditions like extra testing equipment and personnel, the maximal brake friction coefficient between the aircraft tires and the runway can be measured only by means of an aircraft recorder on the aircraft; and the measured maximal brake friction coefficient is one of the important data for designing and checking joint strength of an undercarriage and the body of the aircraft and is of critical significance to engineering design.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Structural Dynamicses field is and in particular to maximum drag friction between a kind of survey aircraft tire and runway
The method of coefficient.
Background technology
In sliding race or landing, once running into emergency, driver will make aircraft subtract using maximum brake weight to aircraft
Speed stops up to aircraft, in this process, tire quick deceleration, and in the presence of aircraft weight, produce and ground between
Very big frictional force, so that undercarriage and body connecting portion produce very big power and moment, under serious conditions, may
The destruction of undercarriage or attachment structure can be caused, bring potential risk to aircraft normal flight.
The maximum drag friction power on tire and ground and aircraft weight and the coefficient of friction between them are relevant, and aircraft weight
Amount can very easily be obtained, and therefore, the key of the maximum drag friction power of calculating is just to determine braked in maximum between them
Coefficient of friction in journey, but domestic at present also lack effective measuring method, mostly borrowed empirical value at the design initial stage, if
Do not verified during Aircraft Flight Test, airplane design will be made to there is certain technical risk.
Content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides maximum frictional coefficient of brake between a kind of survey aircraft tire and runway
Method, including：
S1, the throttle of aircraft engine is fixed to a certain position, makes aircraft taxi, obtain the acceleration of center of gravity of aircraft
a0；
S2, being touched on the brake using maximum brake pressure makes aircraft, obtains the maximum course acceleration a of the center of gravity of airplanemax；
S3, maximum frictional coefficient of brake μ is calculated according to below equationmaxIncrement Delta μ of coefficient of rolling friction μ relatively：
Wherein, g is acceleration of gravity；
S4, acquisition coefficient of rolling friction μ, so that it is determined that maximum frictional coefficient of brake μmax.
Preferably, according to step S1-S4, repeatedly ask for maximum frictional coefficient of brake, and take maximum as final
Maximum frictional coefficient of brake μmax.
In such scheme preferably, that the aerodynamic drag of described aircraft engine thrust and aircraft is F with joint efforts, then described
Step S3 is derived by below equation：
F- μM of g=Ma0
F-μmaxMg=Mamax
Wherein, M is aircraft weight, Δ μ=μmax-μ.
In such scheme preferably, during described aircraft taxi, speed is not higher than 40m/s.When air speed very little, can
Ignore the change of aircraft aerodynamic drag, thus in above-mentioned two formulas motor power and aircraft aerodynamic drag make a concerted effort all can with F Lai
Represent.
Maximum frictional coefficient of brake between aero tyre and runway is calculated by the method, implement simple it is not necessary to additionally
Test equipment, the subsidiary conditions such as personnel, only need to be by the airplane recorder on aircraft, you can test obtains aero tyre and race
Maximum frictional coefficient of brake between road, is design, checks one of significant data of undercarriage and body bonding strength, to work
Journey great significance for design.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a preferred embodiment of method of maximum frictional coefficient of brake between survey aircraft tire of the present invention and runway
Flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the course speed change curves schematic diagram during aircraft maximum braking state of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For making purpose, technical scheme and advantage that the present invention is implemented clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from start to finish or class
As the label element that represents same or similar element or there is same or like function.Described embodiment is the present invention
A part of embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Embodiment below with reference to Description of Drawings is exemplary it is intended to use
In the explanation present invention, and it is not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained under the premise of not making creative work, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.Under
Face combines accompanying drawing and embodiments of the invention is described in detail.
In describing the invention it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal ", " horizontal ", "front", "rear",
The orientation of instruction such as "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outward " or position relationship are based on accompanying drawing institute
The orientation showing or position relationship, are for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, rather than the dress of instruction or hint indication
Put or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that protecting to the present invention
The restriction of scope.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides between a kind of survey aircraft tire and runway maximum frictional coefficient of brake method,
Mainly include the following steps that：
S1, the throttle of aircraft engine is fixed to a certain position, makes aircraft taxi, obtain the acceleration of center of gravity of aircraft
a0；
S2, being touched on the brake using maximum brake pressure makes aircraft, obtains the maximum course acceleration a of the center of gravity of airplanemax；
S3, maximum frictional coefficient of brake μ is calculated according to below equationmaxIncrement Delta μ of coefficient of rolling friction μ relatively：
Wherein, g is acceleration of gravity；
S4, acquisition coefficient of rolling friction μ, so that it is determined that maximum frictional coefficient of brake μmax.
It is understood that according to step S1-S4, can repeatedly ask for maximum frictional coefficient of brake, and maximum is taken to make
For final maximum frictional coefficient of brake μmax.
In the present embodiment, making a concerted effort of the aerodynamic drag of described aircraft engine thrust and aircraft is F, then described step S3 by
Below equation derives：
F- μM of g=Ma0……………………………………(1)
F-μmaxMg=Mamax………………………………(2)
Wherein, M is aircraft weight, Δ μ=μmax- μ, formula (1)-(2), maximum frictional coefficient of brake μ can be obtainedmaxRelatively roll
The increment relation formula of coefficient of kinetic friction μ is as follows：
Order
Therefore, test obtains maximum frictional coefficient of brake μmaxRelatively after increment Delta μ of coefficient of rolling friction μ, you can press
Formula quickly calculates maximum frictional coefficient of brake：
μmax=μ+Δ μ ... ... ... ... ... ... (4)
Wherein, coefficient of rolling friction μ can measure according to a conventional method and obtain.
In the present embodiment, during described aircraft taxi, speed is not higher than 40m/s.When air speed very little, negligible aircraft
The change of aerodynamic drag, thus in above-mentioned (1), (2) two formulas motor power and aircraft aerodynamic drag make a concerted effort all can be with F come table
Show.
In order to test the maximum frictional coefficient of brake obtaining between certain large transport airplane tire and runway it is necessary first to measurement flies
Vector acceleration of center of gravity before and after maximum brake for the machine, specific requirement and implementation process are as follows：
With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 gives course speed change curves schematic diagram during aircraft maximum braking state, in aircraft just
Often sliding speed be 40m/s about when, receive throttle to idling rating, make aircraft using normal maximum brake, until aircraft
Stop, by a in vector velocity variations computing formula (3) of aerial seeding vegetation record0And amax.
Fig. 2 gives driver and has successively carried out maximum brake twice under aircraft speed different twice, brakes twice
Front acceleration is all less, but after driver touches on the brake, its acceleration is just very big, but value is held essentially constant, therefore,
Not instantaneous acceleration value in the same time can be calculated by velocity variations point.
The course velocity variations braking forward and backward according to aircraft first time, can calculate the course acceleration before aircraft brake
a0For 0.136m/s2, the acceleration a of maximum brake processmaxFor -4.679m/s2, therefore, according to formula (3), maximum brake rubs
Wipe coefficient μmaxThe increment of coefficient of rolling friction μ relatively
Coefficient of rolling friction between aero tyre and runway is 0.006, therefore, according to formula (4), maximum drag friction system
Number：
μmax=μ+Δ μ=0.006+0.491=0.497
The course velocity variations braking forward and backward for the second time according to aircraft, can calculate the course acceleration before aircraft brake
a0For 0.203m/s2, the acceleration a of maximum brake processmaxFor -4.748m/s2, therefore, according to formula (3), maximum brake rubs
Wipe coefficient μmaxThe increment of coefficient of rolling friction μ relatively
According to formula (4), maximum frictional coefficient of brake：
μmax=μ+Δ μ=0.006+0.505=0.511
The maximum chosen twice in result of calculation it is known that, the maximum frictional coefficient of brake between tire and runway is
0.511.
Between survey aircraft tire of the present invention and runway, the method for maximum frictional coefficient of brake has following technical essential：
A) it is based on Newton's second law, establish between aero tyre and runway maximum frictional coefficient of brake relative to rolling friction
Relation between the increment of coefficient and center of gravity of airplane course acceleration；
B) after idling rating slides and stablizes, driver steps on maximum brake and slides aircraft；
C) pass through Airborne Flight Parameter monitor or the data recording function of other test instrunment, obtain center of gravity of airplane course speed
Or acceleration time history；
D) aircraft engine is arranged symmetrically, symmetrically drives.
Maximum frictional coefficient of brake between aero tyre and runway is calculated by the method, implement simple it is not necessary to additionally
Test equipment, the subsidiary conditions such as personnel, only need to be by the airplane recorder on aircraft, you can test obtains aero tyre and race
Maximum frictional coefficient of brake between road, is design, checks one of significant data of undercarriage and body bonding strength, to work
Journey great significance for design.
Last it is to be noted that：Above example only in order to technical scheme to be described, is not intended to limit.To the greatest extent
Pipe has been described in detail to the present invention with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It is still
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can be modified, or wherein some technical characteristics are carried out with equivalent replacing
Change；And these modifications or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the essence of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme
God and scope.
Claims (4)
1. between a kind of survey aircraft tire and runway the method for maximum frictional coefficient of brake it is characterised in that including：
S1, the throttle of aircraft engine is fixed to a certain position, makes aircraft taxi, obtain the acceleration of center of gravity a of aircraft0；
S2, being touched on the brake using maximum brake pressure makes aircraft, obtains the maximum course acceleration a of the center of gravity of airplanemax；
S3, maximum frictional coefficient of brake μ is calculated according to below equationmaxIncrement Delta μ of coefficient of rolling friction μ relatively：
Wherein, g is acceleration of gravity；
S4, acquisition coefficient of rolling friction μ, so that it is determined that maximum frictional coefficient of brake μmax.
2. between survey aircraft tire as claimed in claim 1 and runway maximum frictional coefficient of brake method it is characterised in that：
According to step S1-S4, repeatedly ask for maximum frictional coefficient of brake, and take maximum as final maximum frictional coefficient of brake
μmax.
3. between survey aircraft tire as claimed in claim 1 and runway maximum frictional coefficient of brake method it is characterised in that：
Described aircraft engine thrust is F with the aerodynamic drag of aircraft with joint efforts, then described step S3 is derived by below equation：
F- μM of g=Ma0
F-μmaxMg=Mamax
Wherein, M is aircraft weight, Δ μ=μmax-μ.
4. between survey aircraft tire as claimed in claim 1 and runway maximum frictional coefficient of brake method it is characterised in that：
During described aircraft taxi, speed is not higher than 40m/s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610766896.3A CN106404660A (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Method for measuring maximal brake friction coefficient between aircraft tires and runway |
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| CN201610766896.3A CN106404660A (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Method for measuring maximal brake friction coefficient between aircraft tires and runway |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107243926A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-13 | 苏州穿山甲机器人股份有限公司 | The friction measurement method of electrically-driven robot |
| CN113252551A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-13 | 中国民航大学 | Test device for measuring friction characteristic of airport pollution runway |
| CN115062497A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-09-16 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Airplane brake energy estimation method |
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| US20150039200A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2015-02-05 | Aviation Safety Technologies, Llc | Method and device for communicating true runway braking performance using data from the flight data management systems of landed aircraft |
| EP2873573A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-20 | Goodrich Corporation | Aircraft tire and runway interface friction map consolidation |
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| US20060243857A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-11-02 | Rado Zoltan I | Method and device of calculating aircraft braking friction and other relating landing performance parameters based on the data received from aircraft's on board flight data management system |
| US20150039200A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2015-02-05 | Aviation Safety Technologies, Llc | Method and device for communicating true runway braking performance using data from the flight data management systems of landed aircraft |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107243926A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-13 | 苏州穿山甲机器人股份有限公司 | The friction measurement method of electrically-driven robot |
| CN107243926B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-11-29 | 苏州穿山甲机器人股份有限公司 | The friction measurement method of electrically-driven robot |
| CN113252551A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-13 | 中国民航大学 | Test device for measuring friction characteristic of airport pollution runway |
| CN113252551B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-05-24 | 中国民航大学 | Test device for measuring friction characteristic of airport pollution runway |
| CN115062497A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-09-16 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Airplane brake energy estimation method |
| CN115062497B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-12-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Airplane brake energy estimation method |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |