CN106391683A

CN106391683A - Method for remedying heavy metals with earthworm microcosm system

Info

Publication number: CN106391683A
Application number: CN201611036510.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹平
Original assignee: Shenzhen Zhonghe Environmental Protection Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Zhonghe Environmental Protection Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-11-23
Filing date: 2016-11-23
Publication date: 2017-02-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for remedying heavy metals with an earthworm microcosm system. A plant-mycorrhiza-earthworm microecosystem is constructed, plants which are easily infected with mycorrhizae are selected according to main varieties in the area where the plants are located, strains are Glomus versiforme, an inoculant is a sand mixture containing host plant root sections, mycorrhiza fungal spores and external hyphae and takes sand as a propagation matrix, and propagules are obtained after 10 weeks of propagation with a maize and clover potting method and contain VA mycorrhiza hyphae, spores and root sections. Inoculation is performed in a local inoculation manner, the inoculation amount is 5%, Eisenia foetida is obtained from a local earthworm farm, and the properties of soil of land where the earthworms are collected are similar to experimental soil. Through the design of the plant-mycorrhiza-earthworm microecosystem and the technology of in-situ planting, construction soil heavy metal in-situ passivation and fixed-point remediation, the purpose of remedying heavy metal pollution of farmland soil is finally achieved, and a multifunctional soil conditioner is developed.

Description

A kind of method of Lumbricuss microcosm system remediating heavy metal

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of remediating heavy metal, specifically a kind of side of Lumbricuss microcosm system remediating heavy metal Method.

Background technology

Soil is material base for the survival of mankind, is indispensable, the non-renewable natural resourcess of the mankind, is also people The important component part of class environment.Soil pollution is referred to as " invisible pollution " always.Main receiving field as heavy metal Institute, in soil, contained heavy metal is enriched with a large number by plant, animal, is entered in the middle of human body by food chain.If be eaten for a long time Contaminated by heavy metals grain and oil and its product, it will certain harmful effect is produced to human body.The whole nation is often only because heavy metal-polluted Contaminate and more than 1,000 ten thousand tons of underproduction grain, in addition annual also up to 12,000,000 tons of contaminated by heavy metals grain, total economic loss At least 20,000,000,000 yuan it is sufficient to every year support ten thousand people more than 4000 more.

Heavy metal is due to caused by mankind's blindness and immoderate exploitation mineral resources to the pollution of environment and harm, Heavy metal involved by environmental pollution aspect is primarily referred to as the significant hydrargyrum of bio-toxicity, cadmium, lead, chromium and metalloid arsenic, also wraps Include the virose heavy metal zinc of tool, copper, cobalt, nickel, stannum, the pollutant such as vanadium. heavy metal pollution of soil thing in soil poor mobility, Holdup time length, can not be degraded by microorganisms is converted into the bigger methyl compound of toxicity it is easy to accumulate, in addition have by food With adverse concentration in people's body accumulation, serious harm health, the middle of last century, heavy metal pollution is on the rise thing chain, in Malicious event frequently occurs, the public hazard incident event such as the minamata disease of Japan, Itai-itai diseases event and the poisoning of Irak methyl mercury Semen Tritici aestivi, Enhance concern and the attention of the pollution of mankind's heavy metal, many people start to be devoted to developing various method heavy metal pollutions Supervised, administered and predicted, and the research to heavy metal pollutions such as hydrargyrum, cadmium, lead, it has been also up to molecular level at present. The heavy metal pollution problem of therefore soil is one of whole world environmental problem the most serious.About heavy metal pollution research because of it The seriousness of latency, chronicity and consequence, receives very big concern.

The species of heavy metal-polluted soil is a lot, but current damage ratio more serious mainly have copper, cadmium, hydrargyrum, lead, chromium and arsenic.Grind Study carefully and show, heavy metals in farmland pollutes essentially from Industrial " three Waste ", pesticide and chemical fertilizer.In Industrial " three Waste " with industrial wastewater it is Main, it has become the common pollution source of the heavy metals such as cadmium, hydrargyrum, lead, chromium, arsenic.But the pollution of industrial waste gas also can not be ignored, Arsenic is present in the metallic ores such as copper, zinc, lead mostly, contains substantial amounts of arsenic during these metal smelts in the waste gas discharging and flue dust And cadmium；The arsenic that coal, oil etc. are discharged in waste gas mode in combustion and lead also cause great harm to environment. In addition heavy metal pollution of soil has longer incubation period, and heavy metal is substantially an irreversible mistake to the pollution of soil Journey, once being subject to heavy metal pollution, it repairs not only slowly effect, and costly.The engineering commonly used in the world at present, physics and Chemical method etc., quick result, but the application of small range can only be confined to, and often change the physicochemical property of soil, fall The low fertility of soil, and it is likely to cause secondary pollution.Scientists then turn one's attention to nature, find biological elimination Heavy metal with repairing polluted soil methods and techniques.

Phytoremediation technology be a kind of restrained oneself with plant, decompose or some chemical elements of excessive accumulaiton physiological function as base Plinth, using plant and its coexist microorganism system absorb, degrade, volatilizing and enrichment environment in pollutant Treatment process.With Traditional restorative procedure is compared, and this technology has low cost, process simply, and eco-friendly feature.According to its mechanism and Mechanism, phytoremediation technology can be divided into the types such as plant stability, plant extract, phytovolatilization and root system filtration.Phytoremediation Key is to select over-accumulated plant.The root system that these plants have prosperity is required to extract poisonous heavy metal from soil and can hold The heavy metal component that can not be born by general plant and component.Over-accumulated plant is that the one kind under the conditions of heavy metal stress is fitted Answering property mutant, often poor growth, Biomass is low, climatic environment bad adaptability, has very strong enrichment specificity.Therefore, People place on using molecular biology and technique for gene engineering screening, cultivation absorbability is strong, can absorb multiple huge sum of moneys simultaneously Belong to element and the big over-accumulated plant of Biomass or over-accumulated plant low for economic worth and microbial gene, import biological Amount is big, fast growth, in adaptable crop and economic plants.But at present, improve plant using molecular biotechnology The practicality aspect repaired does not make a breakthrough.

Microorganism is by charged cell surface Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions, or passes through to absorb necessary nutrient actively Absorb heavy metal ion, by heavy metal ion enrichment in cell surface or inside.Microorganism can directly rely on Biomass sticking Heavy metal, main process has microorganism directly to adsorb fixing metal ions, for example microbial polysaccharide, polypeptide, the official on glycoprotein Can group-COOH ,-NH2 ,-SH, the fixation of-OH ,-PO4 heavy metal ion, main process have extracellular deposition, extracellular complexation and with Accumulation afterwards, combination；Next to that metabolite (such as microorganism secretion phosphate radical, humic acidss, fulvic acid, thiogenic bacteria generation ), H2S meanwhile heavy metal can produce insoluble compound so as to reduce to the available degree of plant in soil.Micro- Biology can also gather in the cell directly by Metal uptake, so that the mobility of heavy metal is reduced.But functional microorganism Screening and separating is the bottleneck of microorganism remediation heavy metal technology.

Lumbricuss belong to Oligochaeta Opisthopora, by the activity such as burrow, take food, drain, secrete to raw in ecosystem Thing, chemically and physically process produce impact, are referred to as " ecological systems engineering teacher ".And Lumbricuss occupy soil biomass 80%, maintaining soil ecosystem health and fertility to play irreplaceable effect, research shows Lumbricuss heavy metal itself There is very strong accumulation ability, and the anterior intestine of Lumbricuss, middle intestinal and hindgut are contained within abundant microbiota, can play passivation The effect of heavy metal.In addition wormcast contains abundant organic matter, humus and microbiota, the heavy metal to contaminated soil Passivation can also be played；Abdul et al. (1996) in the Cd of three kinds of variable concentrations, on Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn contaminated soil Find, the availability influence of Lumbricuss heavy metal less, but significantly increases rye grass ground, the Cd of under ground portion, Cu, Zn Content, and increased rye (Secale cereale L.) Herbage harvest.The Cheng Jiemin of Shandong Normal University and Chinese Academy of Sciences's Nanjing soil Luo Yongming problem Group has done a little researchs in terms of the repair function with Lumbricuss or Lumbricuss and microbial interaction fortification of plants, and its result of study is not only demonstrate,proved Clear plant-Lumbricuss-microbial association repairs the feasibility of pattern, and this is repaiied in soil ecosystem to also show Lumbricuss Potentiality in multiple.Lumbricuss and active earthworm excrement, as a kind of environment-friendly materials, are administering heavy metal pollution, environment recovery neck as can be seen here Domain has very unique effect.This patent is by the design to plant mycorhiza Lumbricuss microecosystem and " cultivation in situ Plant ", the technology set up heavy metal-polluted soil in-situ passivation and pinpoint reparation, are finally reached the mesh repairing farmland soil heavy metals pollution , and develop multi-functional soil conditioner.

Content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of Lumbricuss microcosm system remediating heavy metal, to solve above-mentioned background The problem proposing in technology.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：

A kind of method of Lumbricuss microcosm system remediating heavy metal, builds plant-mycorhiza-Lumbricuss microecosystem, plant According to region main breed, select the plant that mycorhiza easily infects, strain is Glomus versiforme, Inoculant is to plant containing host The sand mixture of strain root segment, mycorrhizal fungal spore and the outer mycelia of root, this Inoculant is with sand for expanding propagation substrate, with potted plant jade Rice, trefoil method expanding propagation obtained brood body after 10 weeks, that is, contain VA mycorhiza mycelia, spore and root segment.With topical vaccination Mode is inoculated, and inoculum concentration is 5%, and Eisenia foetida Eisenia foetida takes from local vermiculture field, and Lumbricuss institute is locality Soil property with for examination soil close, infect after root system of plant after mycorrhizal fungi, inoculation Lumbricuss before first by the enteral thing of Lumbricuss Dispose.

As the present invention further scheme：The described concrete grammar of disposing the enteral thing of Lumbricuss is：By Lumbricuss Clean, be put in a bottom and be covered with absorbent paper and have culture 24h in the Turnover Box of a small amount of moisture, next day takes out to clean to dry and connect Kind.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The present invention is by plant mycorhiza Lumbricuss Tiny ecosystem The design of system and " planting " in situ, the technology set up heavy metal-polluted soil in-situ passivation and pinpoint reparation, are finally reached reparation agriculture The purpose of field heavy metal pollution of soil, and develop multi-functional soil conditioner.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the method for Lumbricuss microcosm system remediating heavy metal.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes.

Refer to Fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention,

Build plant mycorhiza Lumbricuss microecosystem first：Plant, according to region main breed, selects mycorhiza The plant easily infected.Strain is Glomus versiforme.This strain is quoted from French Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Inoculant is containing host plant root The sand mixture of the outer mycelia of section, mycorrhizal fungal spore and root.This Inoculant is with sand for expanding propagation substrate, with potted plant Semen Maydiss, Trefoil method expanding propagation obtained brood body after 10 weeks, that is, contain VA mycorhiza mycelia, spore and root segment.In the way of topical vaccination Inoculation, inoculum concentration is 5% (W/W).

Eisenia foetida Eisenia foetida takes from local vermiculture field, Lumbricuss soil property locality with Close for examination soil.Infect (about 30 days about) after root system of plant after mycorrhizal fungi, first by the enteral of Lumbricuss before inoculation Lumbricuss Thing is disposed.Concrete grammar is：Lumbricuss are cleaned, is put in a bottom and is covered with absorbent paper and has culture in the Turnover Box of a small amount of moisture 24h, next day takes out to clean to dry and is inoculated.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie In the case of the spirit or essential attributes of the present invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power Profit requires rather than described above limits, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling Change is included in the present invention.Any reference in claim should not be considered as limiting involved claim.

Moreover, it will be appreciated that although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, not each embodiment only wraps Containing an independent technical scheme, only for clarity, those skilled in the art should for this narrating mode of description Using description as an entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment can also form those skilled in the art through appropriately combined Understandable other embodiment.

Claims

1. a kind of method of Lumbricuss microcosm system remediating heavy metal is it is characterised in that build plant-mycorhiza-Lumbricuss Tiny ecosystem System, plant, according to region main breed, selects the plant that mycorhiza easily infects, and strain is Glomus versiforme, and Inoculant is Sand mixture containing the outer mycelia of host plant root segment, mycorrhizal fungal spore and root, this Inoculant is with sand for expanding propagation base Matter, obtains brood body with after potted plant Semen Maydiss, trefoil method expanding propagation 10 weeks, that is, contains VA mycorhiza mycelia, spore and root segment.With The mode of topical vaccination is inoculated, and inoculum concentration is 5%, and Eisenia foetida Eisenia foetida takes from local vermiculture field, earthworm Earthworm soil property locality close with for examination soil, infect after root system of plant after mycorrhizal fungi, first by earthworm before inoculation Lumbricuss The enteral thing of earthworm is disposed.

2. Lumbricuss microcosm system remediating heavy metal according to claim 1 method it is characterised in that described by Lumbricuss The concrete grammar disposed of enteral thing be：Lumbricuss are cleaned, is put in a bottom and is covered with absorbent paper and has the turnover of a small amount of moisture Culture 24h in case, next day takes out to clean to dry and is inoculated.