CN106385988A - Thresher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a threshing machine, comprising a first roller set, a second roller set and a third roller set, a screen is provided between the first roller set and the second roller set, and a first outlet is provided under the screen. A hopper; a rotating threshing roller and a screen are arranged between the second roller group and the third roller group, and a second discharge hopper is arranged under the threshing roller and the screen; a shearing mechanism is arranged behind the third roller group. By adopting the threshing method combined with rolling and beating, the threshing effect is good, especially suitable for threshing of wheat, rice and rapeseed. The shearing mechanism set can automatically crush straw, realize multiple functions, reduce labor intensity and improve labor efficiency. Effect. The structure of the invention is compact, convenient for processing and production, and suitable for use in mountainous areas.

Description

thresher

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural machine, in particular to a thresher with multiple functions suitable for mountainous areas.

Background technique

In some areas, such as mountainous and hilly areas, large harvesters cannot be used for crop processing due to uneven terrain. It makes the threshing of crops more troublesome, and some areas even use beating or stone grinding for threshing.

Existing threshers usually use a beating roller driven by a motor to beat agricultural products through the high-speed rotating beating roller. For example, the grains of rice are separated from the straw. The problem is that the labor intensity is high, and the later straw processing More troublesome.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a threshing machine, which can improve the threshing efficiency and reduce labor intensity. use.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a threshing machine, comprising a first roll set, a second roll set and a third roll set, between the first roll set and the second roll set screen, the bottom of the screen is provided with a first discharge hopper;

A rotating threshing roller and a screen are arranged between the second roller group and the third roller group, and a second discharge hopper is arranged below the threshing roller and the screen;

A shearing mechanism is provided after the third roller set.

In a preferred solution, a fan for sorting is provided at the outlets of the first hopper and the second hopper.

In a preferred solution, in the threshing roller, the outer wall of the roller is provided with a plurality of beating rods or beating plates, and the periphery of the threshing roller is provided with a screen.

In a preferred solution, in the shearing mechanism, the cutting block is located at the rear side of the third roller group, and a rotating cutter roller is arranged on the rear side of the cutting block, and the blade of the cutting knife roller and the edge of the cutting block form a shear. Cut fit.

In a preferred solution, in the cutter roller, the blade is fixedly connected to the roller through a rod or a plate.

In a preferred solution, among the first roller set, the second roller set and the third roller set, at least the lower roller is connected to the first driving device and driven to rotate by the first driving device;

The threshing roller and the cutter roller are connected with the second driving device and driven to rotate by the second driving device;

The rotational speeds of the threshing rolls and the cutter rolls are higher than those of the first roll set, the second roll set and the third roll set.

In a preferred solution, the lower rollers of the first roller set, the second roller set and the third roller set are connected to the second motor through the second transmission mechanism;

The upper rollers are arranged on the lower rollers of the first roller group, the second roller group and the third roller group, and compression springs are arranged at both ends of the shafts of the upper rollers, so that the distance between the upper rollers and the lower rollers is variable.

In a preferred solution, the lower roller and the upper roller are connected through a fourth transmission mechanism, and universal joints are provided near both ends of the upper roller.

In a preferred solution, the shaft of any one of the threshing roller and the cutter roller is connected with the first motor through the first transmission mechanism;

The threshing roller and the cutter roller are connected through a third transmission mechanism.

In a preferred solution, a feed hopper is also provided before the first roller group, the inlet of the feed hopper is wider, and the outlet near the first roller group is narrower;

The feeding hopper is supported on the frame through elastic elements, and a vibrating device is arranged on the feeding hopper.

A thresher provided by the present invention adopts the threshing method combined with rolling and beating, and has a good threshing effect, and is especially suitable for threshing wheat, rice and rapeseed. It is easy to improve the quality of threshing, it can be selected by air, and it is convenient to separate the grain from the sundries. The shearing mechanism can automatically crush the straw, realize multiple functions, reduce labor intensity and improve labor efficiency. The structure of the invention is compact, convenient for processing and production, and suitable for use in mountainous areas.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be further described:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the drive structure of the middle threshing roller and cutter roller of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the driving structure of each roller group in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the roller group in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the feeding hopper in the present invention.

In the figure: the first roller group 1, the upper roller 101, the lower roller 102, the second roller group 2, the third roller group 3, the screen 4, the fan 5, the first discharge hopper 6, the cutter roller 7, the second outlet Hopper 8, threshing roller 9, cutting block 10, first motor 11, first transmission mechanism 12, second motor 13, second transmission mechanism 14, third transmission mechanism 15, stage clip 16, fourth transmission mechanism 17, ten thousand Knuckle 18, feed hopper 19, vibration device 20.

detailed description

The front and rear orientations in this example are based on the running direction of the crops. Taking Figure 1 as an example, the direction of the feed hopper is the front, that is, the left side in the figure, and the direction of the cutter roller is the rear, that is, right side of the figure.

As shown in Figures 1 and 5, a threshing machine includes a first roller set 1, a second roller set 2 and a third roller set 3, and the first roller set 1, the second roller set 2 and the third roller set 3 can be It is mounted on the frame in a rotating manner, and is preferably supported on the frame by bearings.

A screen 4 is provided between the first roller group 1 and the second roller group 2. The screen 4 is a replaceable structure, corresponding to grains such as rice, wheat and rapeseed respectively, and a first discharge hopper is provided below the screen 4. 6. Used to collect falling crop particles;

Between the second roller group 2 and the third roller group 3, a rotating threshing roller 9 and a screen cloth are provided, and a second discharge hopper 8 is arranged below the threshing roller 9 and the screen cloth; The method improves the threshing effect, and cooperates with the secondary rolling to basically complete the threshing operation.

After the third roller set 3 there is a shearing mechanism. With this structure, the threshed straw can be crushed, and subsequent processing steps can be reduced.

The preferred scheme is shown in Fig. 1 , where the outlets of the first hopper 6 and the second hopper 8 are provided with fans for sorting. The structure in Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram, and the outlets of the first discharge hopper 6 and the second discharge hopper 8 can also be collected in one place, that is, share one outlet, to save the fan, and the crop particles, such as rice, wheat and Rapeseed is initially separated from impurities to further reduce labor intensity.

The preferred scheme is as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, in the described threshing roller 9, the outer wall of the roller is provided with a plurality of striking rods or striking plates, by striking the crops through the striking rods or striking plates, the effect of threshing is improved, The periphery of the threshing roller 9 is provided with a screen cloth. The set screen restricts the crops in a small space to increase the number of beatings, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of threshing.

In a preferred scheme, in the shearing mechanism, the cutting block 10 is positioned at the rear side of the third roller group 3, and a rotating cutter roller 7 is arranged on the rear side of the cutting block 10, and the blades of the cutter roller 7 are in contact with the cutter. The edge of the block 10 forms a shear fit, preferably, the distance from the blade to the edge of the cutting block 10 is 1-3 mm.

The preferred solution is as shown in Figures 1 and 5, in the cutter roller 7, the blade is fixedly connected to the roller through a rod or a plate. With this structure, the stalks coming out from the top of the cutting block 10 are chopped by the cutter roller 7 rotating at a high speed.

In a preferred solution, in the first roller set 1, the second roller set 2 and the third roller set 3, at least the lower roller is connected to the first driving device and driven to rotate by the first driving device;

The threshing roller 9 and the cutter roller 7 are connected with the second driving device and driven to rotate by the second driving device;

The rotational speeds of the threshing roll 9 and the cutter roll 7 are higher than those of the first roll set 1 , the second roll set 2 and the third roll set 3 . With this structure, the speed of feeding is reduced, and the speed of beating and chopping is increased.

In a preferred solution, the second driving device is also used to drive the fan. to reduce the number of motors.

In the preferred scheme, the lower rollers of the first roller group 1, the second roller group 2 and the third roller group 3 are connected with the second motor 13 through the second transmission mechanism 14; the second transmission mechanism 14 adopts a belt transmission mechanism in this example , the belt transmission mechanism is connected with the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the second motor 13. The rotating speeds of the first roller group 1, the second roller group 2 and the third roller group 3 are 30-60 rpm.

The lower rollers of the first roller group 1, the second roller group 2 and the third roller group 3 are provided with an upper roller, and the two ends of the shaft of the upper roller are provided with stage clips 16, so that the distance between the upper roller and the lower roller can be adjusted. Change. With this structure, the incoming crops are pressed, and the distance between the upper roller and the lower roller can be adaptively changed with the thickness of the crops.

As shown in Figure 4, the preferred solution is that the lower roll and the upper roll are connected through a fourth transmission mechanism 17, and universal joints 18 are provided near both ends of the upper roll. With this structure, the lower roll and the upper roll can rotate simultaneously, thereby facilitating feeding. Further preferably, the fourth transmission mechanism 17 adopts a gear transmission mechanism, and the pitch circle diameters of the gears connected to the lower roller and the upper roller are different, so that there is a speed difference between the lower roller and the upper roller. The effect of kneading is also produced during the feeding and rolling process, which further improves the efficiency of threshing. The set universal joint 18 can adapt to the up and down movement of the upper roller without affecting the transmission effect.

Preferred scheme is as shown in Fig. 2, and the shaft of any one in the threshing roller 9 and the cutter roller 7 is connected with the first motor 11 through the first transmission mechanism 12; The first transmission mechanism 12 adopts a belt or chain transmission mechanism, and the threshing roller 9 and the The rotating speed of cutter roll 7 is at 500～800 rev/min.

The threshing roller 9 and the cutter roller 7 are connected through a third transmission mechanism 15 . The third transmission mechanism 15 adopts a belt or chain transmission mechanism.

In a preferred scheme, a feed hopper 19 is also provided before the first roller group 1, and the inlet of the feed hopper 19 is wider, and the outlet near the first roller group 1 is narrower;

The feed hopper 19 is supported on the frame by elastic elements, and a vibration device 20 is arranged on the feed hopper 19 . With this structure, the fed crops can be automatically straightened, so that the crops enter the first roller set 1 in a vertical state, rather than horizontally, so as to improve the threshing effect and reduce labor intensity.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, when in use, the crops are placed in the feed hopper 19, and under the action of the vibration and the baffles on both sides of the feed hopper 19, they are smoothed at the exit and enter the first roller group 1 Between the upper roller 101 and the lower roller 102, rolling and kneading are carried out to separate the crop particles from the straw. When the crop particles pass through the screen 4, they fall from the mesh, and the straw enters the second roller group 2 for rolling and kneading again. , and under the impact of the threshing roller 9, the crop particles are further separated from the straw, and the straw enters the third roller group 3 after passing through the screen, and there is a gap between the rear side of the third roller group 3 and the cutting block 10 , the crop particles are separated from the stalk again, and the stalk is chopped by the cutter roller 7 at the position of the cutting block 10 . The crop particles are bagged after air separation at the outlets of the first hopper 6 and the second hopper 8 . This completes the entire threshing process.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other if there is no conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solution described in the claims, including equivalent replacements for the technical features in the technical solution described in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement and improvement within this range are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A threshing machine, characterized in that: it includes the first roller group (1), the second roller group (2) and the third roller group (3), between the first roller group (1) and the second roller group ( 2) A screen (4) is provided between them, and a first discharge hopper (6) is provided below the screen (4); A rotating threshing roller (9) and a screen are arranged between the second roller group (2) and the third roller group (3), and a second discharge hopper (8) is arranged under the threshing roller (9) and the screen; After the third roller group (3) there is a shearing mechanism. 2. A thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fan for sorting is provided at the outlet of the first hopper (6) and the second hopper (8). 3. A thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the threshing roller (9), the outer wall of the roller is provided with a plurality of hitting rods or hitting plates, and the outer wall of the threshing roller (9) Equipped with a screen. 4. A thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the shearing mechanism, the cutting block (10) is located at the rear side of the third roller group (3), and the cutting block (10) The rear side is provided with a rotating cutter roller (7), and the blade of the cutter roller (7) forms a shear fit with the edge of the cutting block (10). 5. A thresher according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the cutter roller (7), the blade is fixedly connected to the roller through a rod or a plate. 6. A thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first roller group (1), the second roller group (2) and the third roller group (3), at least the lower roller and The first driving device is connected and driven to rotate by the first driving device; The threshing roller (9) and the cutter roller (7) are connected with the second driving device and driven to rotate by the second driving device; The rotational speeds of the threshing rollers (9) and the cutter rollers (7) are higher than those of the first roller group (1), the second roller group (2) and the third roller group (3). 7. A thresher according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lower rollers of the first roller group (1), the second roller group (2) and the third roller group (3) pass through the second transmission mechanism ( 14) connected with the second motor (13); The lower rollers of the first roller group (1), the second roller group (2) and the third roller group (3) are provided with upper rollers, and the two ends of the shafts of the upper rollers are provided with compression springs (16) so that the upper rollers The distance to the bottom roll is variable. 8. A thresher according to claim 7, characterized in that: the lower roller and the upper roller are connected through the fourth transmission mechanism (17), and the upper roller is provided with universal joints (18) near both ends. 9. A thresher according to claim 6, characterized in that: the shaft of any one of the threshing roller (9) and the cutter roller (7) passes through the first transmission mechanism (12) and the first motor (11) connect; The threshing roller (9) is connected with the cutter roller (7) through a third transmission mechanism (15). 10. A thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: there is a feeding hopper (19) before the first roller group (1), and the inlet of the feeding hopper (19) is wide, close to the first The outlet of the roller set (1) is narrow; The feeding hopper (19) is supported on the frame by elastic elements, and a vibrating device (20) is provided on the feeding hopper (19).