CN106378629A - Three-dimensional machining equipment for precise and micro, small, short and long shafts - Google Patents

Abstract

A three-dimensional processing equipment for precision and micro, small, short and long axes. The problem that existing precision slender shafts or flange-type parts need to be segmented is solved. It includes a fuselage, a feeding mechanism is provided on one side of the fuselage, and a clamping mechanism is provided on a straight line along the feeding direction of the feeding mechanism. The clamping mechanism has a first position for clamping the workpiece to be processed from the feeding mechanism and Send the clamped piece to be processed to the second position of the fixing fixture. A column is set on the side of the second position of the clamping mechanism on the body, and a fixing fixture that can slide longitudinally is arranged on the column. On both sides of the fixing fixture A side drilling and milling mechanism is set, a punching mechanism is set on the other side of the clamping mechanism, and an indexing mechanism is provided at the front end of the fixing fixture, which can be slidably arranged on the front end of the fixing fixture and can cooperate with the fixing fixture. The invention has the advantages of automatic angle adjustment of parts to be processed, automatic loading and unloading on a fixed fixture, and full-automatic processing.

Description

Precision and micro, small, short and long axis three-dimensional processing equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of processing equipment, in particular to a three-dimensional processing equipment with precision, fineness, small short and long axes.

Background technique

In the field of machining, milling machines, lathes, and CNC machine tools are common processing equipment. When the existing milling machines are processing, the processing axis is mostly perpendicular to the workpiece and processed perpendicular to the processing surface of the workpiece. However, the precision and slender Both the front and the side of the shaft or flange type parts need to be processed. The existing equipment cannot realize the simultaneous processing of the front and side. The side needs to be processed first, and then the parts are disassembled for front processing. Therefore, it needs to be carried out in two steps. At the same time, it cannot be realized on one device at the same time. It is necessary to replace the device or replace the processing station. At the same time, when replacing the processed parts, it needs to be replaced manually, resulting in a long process and affecting production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the existing precision slender shafts or flange-type parts need to be operated in sections in the background technology, the present invention provides a precision, thin and short Long axis three-dimensional processing equipment.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a precision and fine, small short and long axis three-dimensional processing equipment, which includes a fuselage, a feeding mechanism is provided on one side of the fuselage, and a Clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism has a first position for clamping the workpiece to be processed from the feeding mechanism and a second position for sending the clamped workpiece to the fixed fixture, the first position of the clamping mechanism on the fuselage A column is arranged on one side of the second position, and a fixed fixture that can slide longitudinally is arranged on the column, and a lateral drilling and milling mechanism is arranged on both sides of the fixed fixture, and a punching mechanism is arranged on the other side of the clamping mechanism. The front end of the fixing fixture is provided with an indexing mechanism, and the said indexing mechanism can be slidably arranged on the front end of the fixing fixture, and can cooperate with the fixing fixture in linkage.

The feeding mechanism includes a first slide rail arranged on the machine body, a tray slidingly matched with the first slide rail, and a first transmission mechanism driving the tray to move.

The clamping mechanism includes a second slide rail arranged vertically to the feed direction of the feed mechanism, a fixed frame that is slidingly matched with the second slide rail and has a lifting function, a rack and pinion structure arranged on the fixed frame, and a rack and pinion structure arranged on the tooth The first manipulator on the strip.

The first manipulator has a fixed seat fixedly arranged on the rack, and a clamping part that is circumferentially rotatable with the fixed seat. It includes a first clamping part and a second clamping part, the first clamping part and the second clamping part are vertically arranged, that is, any one clamping part has a first state perpendicular to the feeding direction and a first state parallel to the feeding direction second state.

There are multiple lateral drilling and milling mechanisms, and the lateral drilling and milling mechanisms can be laterally slidably arranged on the column.

The other side of the fuselage is provided with an automatic tool changer, the automatic tool changer includes a mounting frame, a fixed disk and a rotating disk, and the mounting frame is provided with a first drive motor and driven by the first drive motor. The driving plate is provided with a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is sleeved in the rotating disk and the fixed disk, and the rotating disk is sleeved outside the fixed disk and is connected with the fixed disk along the diameter of the connecting shaft. Rotate and cooperate in the sliding circumferential direction, the fixed plate is provided with a second drive motor, and the circumferential direction of the rotating plate is provided with a plurality of second manipulators for placing knives, and the second manipulators have clamping The first position of the tool and the second position where the second manipulator is driven by the second driving motor to facilitate the picking and placing of the tool.

The punching mechanism is arranged on the third guide rail arranged along the feeding direction, and forms a sliding fit with the third guide rail. The punching mechanism has a first position facing the fixed fixture and corresponds to the automatic tool changer. Take and put the second position of knife.

The fixing fixture includes a moving frame, and the moving frame forms a vertical sliding fit with the column, and a moving seat that forms a lateral sliding fit is arranged on the moving frame, and a fixing part is arranged at the front end of the moving seat, behind the moving seat A push rod mechanism is provided at the end, and the fixed part can be laterally slidably arranged on the moving seat.

The indexing mechanism is arranged on the moving frame, and the indexing mechanism can slide longitudinally relative to the moving frame.

The indexing mechanism includes a servo motor, which constitutes a clamping part that rotates with the servo motor. The clamping part includes a linkage that cooperates with the servo motor. The linkage is divided into three equal parts with slots. The first transmission part is clamped, and the first transmission part and the clamping pipe form a rotational sliding fit. The end of the clamping pipe facing the fixing fixture is divided into three equal parts with an open groove, and the clamping pipe is covered with a fixing sleeve. , the clamping tube and the fixed sleeve form a circumferential rotation and axial sliding clamping fit, a second transmission member is provided between the fixed sleeve and the linkage, and the second transmission member has a sliding groove in the groove The first state of shifting and the second state of limited fit with the groove wall of the groove.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by setting the side drilling and milling mechanism and the punching mechanism, the parts to be processed are clamped by the fixed fixture, and the forward and side processing are carried out at the same time, and the automatic angle adjustment is realized by setting the indexing mechanism, and the There is no need to replace parts, and at the same time, the clamping mechanism is used to automatically load and unload materials on the fixed fixture to realize fully automatic processing.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structure schematic diagram omitting the case.

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of feeding mechanism.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structure diagram of clamping mechanism.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the installation diagram of lateral drilling and milling mechanism.

Accompanying drawing 6 is the installation diagram of fixing fixture.

Accompanying drawing 7 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 8 is the schematic structural view of the rotary disk in accompanying drawing 7.

Accompanying drawing 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another direction in accompanying drawing 8.

Accompanying drawing 10 is the structural representation of the second manipulator in accompanying drawing 8.

Accompanying drawing 11 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the second manipulator in accompanying drawing 10.

Accompanying drawing 12 is the schematic diagram of the installation of the fixing fixture omitting the side drilling and milling mechanism.

Accompanying drawing 13 is the structural representation of punching mechanism.

Accompanying drawing 14 is the structural representation of fixing fixture.

Accompanying drawing 15 is the structure schematic diagram of another angle of fixing fixture.

Accompanying drawing 16 is the structure diagram of fixing member.

Accompanying drawing 17 is the structural representation of indexing mechanism.

Accompanying drawing 18 is the internal schematic diagram of indexing mechanism.

Accompanying drawing 19 is the schematic cross-sectional view of the cooperation between the fixed sleeve and the clamping tube.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings:

As shown in the figure, a precision and thin, small short and long axis three-dimensional processing equipment includes a fuselage 1, and a feeding mechanism 2 is provided on one side of the fuselage 1, and a feeding mechanism 2 is arranged on a straight line along the feeding direction of the feeding mechanism 2. A clamping mechanism 3 is provided, and the clamping mechanism 3 has a first position for clamping the workpiece to be processed from the feeding mechanism and a second position for sending the clamped workpiece to be processed to the fixed fixture. One side of the second position of the clamping mechanism is provided with a column 6, that is, when the clamping mechanism moves to the second position, a column 6 is arranged on the corresponding side, and the fixing fixture is arranged on the column, so that the clamping The mechanism can just align with the fixing jig when loading material to realize automatic feeding, while the fixing jig 7 is slidably arranged on the column so that it can slide longitudinally along the column, thereby drilling and milling along the side The working surface of the mechanism moves up and down to realize drilling and milling. A lateral drilling and milling mechanism 9 is set on both sides of the fixing fixture 7. A punching mechanism 4 is set on the other side of the clamping mechanism 3. The front end of the fixing fixture is provided with An indexing mechanism 8, the indexing mechanism 8 can be longitudinally slidably arranged on the front end of the fixing fixture, and can cooperate with the fixing fixture in linkage. The outer side of the whole fuselage is provided with an openable cover, and the cover is provided with a gap at a position corresponding to the feeding mechanism for the feeding mechanism to enter and exit.

The feeding mechanism 3 includes a first slide rail 21 arranged on the body 1 , a tray 22 slidingly matched with the first slide rail, and a first transmission mechanism 23 driving the tray to move. The first transmission mechanism adopts a pulley transmission mechanism, and the tray is outside the casing on one side of the first slide rail, which is used for manual loading outside, and after the loading is completed, the tray slides into the casing , so as to realize the automatic operation of the whole machine.

The clamping mechanism 3 includes a second slide rail 31 arranged vertically to the feeding direction of the feed mechanism, a fixed frame 32 with a lifting function, a rack and pinion set on the fixed frame 32, and a sliding fit with the second slide rail 31. The structure 34 and the first manipulator arranged on the rack, wherein the cylinder 33 is arranged on the fixed frame, and the cylinder is used to realize the longitudinal movement of the rack and pinion structure.

The first manipulator has a fixed seat 35 fixedly arranged on the rack, and a clamping portion 36 that is circumferentially rotatable with the fixed seat 35. The rotating surface of the fixed seat 35 and the clamping portion is arranged at 45°, so that The clamping part includes a first clamping part and a second clamping part, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part are vertically arranged, that is, any one clamping part has a first state perpendicular to the feeding direction and a parallel The second state of the feeding direction, that is, during use, when the first clamping part is set vertically to the tray, the second clamping part is set parallel to the pallet, that is, the first clamping part goes to the tray to feed, while the second clamping part Put the clamped material on the fixed fixture.

There are multiple lateral drilling and milling mechanisms, and the lateral drilling and milling mechanisms can be laterally slidably arranged on the column. Among them, the lateral drilling and milling mechanism is arranged symmetrically on the column, and can also be arranged in one direction. Among them, the lateral drilling and milling mechanism is arranged on the vertical column for lateral sliding, and the forward and backward movement of the lateral drilling and milling mechanism is controlled by the servo motor, so as to realize the side drilling and milling of the parts to be processed.

The other side of the fuselage is provided with an automatic tool changer 5, the automatic tool changer includes a mounting frame 51, a fixed disk 52 and a rotating disk 53, and the mounting frame 51 is provided with a first drive motor 511 And the drive plate 512 driven by the first drive motor 511, the drive plate 512 is provided with a connecting shaft 54, and the connecting shaft 54 is sleeved in the rotating disk 53 and the fixed disk 52, and the rotating disk 53 Set outside the fixed disk 52 and cooperate with the fixed disk 52 to slide and rotate in the radial direction along the connecting shaft 54 in the circumferential direction. The fixed disk 52 is provided with a second drive motor 521, and the circumferential direction of the rotating disk 53 is provided with A plurality of second manipulators 55 for placing knives, specifically, at least two second manipulators are provided on the rotating disk to facilitate the replacement of different knives. The second manipulator 55 has a first position for clamping the tool and a second position for unclamping the manipulator 5 driven by the second drive motor 521 to facilitate picking and placing of the tool. The first drive motor and drive plate are set so that the fixed plate and the rotating plate can slide synchronously, which is convenient for the tool magazine to cooperate with other components to replace the tool; Processing makes the tool change of the product fast and reliable, and the intelligent control is convenient; the setting of the second manipulator is convenient for reliable clamping of the tool and can be released as needed, which is convenient for quick tool change and simple action. It also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance, fast, convenient, reliable control and long service life.

The second manipulator 55 includes a linear guide rail 551, a transmission rod 552, a first clamping part 53 and a second clamping part 554, and the first clamping part 553 and the second clamping part 554 are all connected to the linear guide rail 51. sliding fit, the first clamping member 553 is provided with a first inclined chute 5531, the second clamping member 554 is provided with a second inclined chute 5541, and the first inclined chute 5531 Set symmetrically with the second inclined chute 5541, the second drive motor 521 is connected to the transmission rod 552, the transmission rod 52 has two and the two transmission rods 552 are respectively inserted into the first inclined chute 5531, Inside the second inclined chute 5541. The second driving motor can drive the transmission rod to move, and the two transmission rods respectively drive the first clamping part and the second clamping part to perform clamping and loosening motions through the first inclined chute and the second inclined chute, thereby The clamping function of the second manipulator is realized, the structure is simple, and the clamping is convenient. At the same time, the first inclined chute and the second inclined chute are symmetrical along the center line, so the clamping precision is always on the center line of the first clamping part and the second clamping part, so the clamping precision is high.

The second drive motor 521 is connected to the movable block 555, and the two transmission rods 552 are fixed on the movable block 555 in parallel. Such a structure enables the second driving motor to reliably drive the transmission rod to move, and limits the position of the transmission rod to ensure that the two transmission rods move synchronously and smoothly.

The second manipulator 55 includes a U-shaped frame 556 , and the linear guide rail 551 and the transmission rod 552 are all arranged in the U-shaped frame 556 . The upper end of the U-shaped frame 556 is folded outwards to form an edge 5561. The movable block 555 is provided with rollers. The movable block 555 is covered on the U-shaped frame 556 and cooperates with the U-shaped frame 556 to form a second A storage cavity 5552 and a second storage cavity, the linear guide rail 551 and the transmission rod 552 are set in the first storage cavity 5552, and the rollers are set in the second storage cavity. The arrangement of the U-shaped frame further limits the opening of the first clamping part and the second clamping part, so as to prevent the tool from falling off when the opening angle is too large. The setting of the edge and the roller ensures the smooth and reliable movement of the movable block, reduces the friction and reduces the energy consumption.

The second manipulator 55 includes a reset member 557 connected to the movable block 555, and the reset member 557 has a movement tendency to drive the second manipulator 55 to the first position. The setting of the reset member makes the reset of the movable block reliable, thereby ensuring reliable clamping by the second manipulator. Of course, the movable block can also be directly driven to reset by the second drive motor.

A limiting member 558 is provided between the first clamping member 553 and the second clamping member 554 . The setting of the limiting part prevents the first clamping part and the second clamping part from over-moving, which may damage the tool during clamping.

The first clamping member 553 is provided with a first arc portion 5532, the second clamping member 554 is provided with a second arc portion 5542, and the first arc portion 5532 and the second The arc portion 5542 cooperates to hold a knife. Such a structure makes the product clamping reliable and stable, and facilitates the tool movement.

There are two linear guide rails 551, and the first clamping member 553 and the second clamping member 554 are arranged on the two linear guide rails 551 in parallel. Such a structure makes the first clamping part and the second clamping part move smoothly and quickly.

The automatic tool changer also includes a rotating motor 56 , the rotating motor 56 meshes with a gear plate 57 , and the gear plate 57 is sheathed outside the connecting shaft 54 and linked with the rotating plate 53 . Such a structure ensures reliable rotation of the rotary disc. Specifically, the first driving motor, the second driving motor, and the rotating motor can all be servo motors.

The punching mechanism 4 is arranged on the third guide rail 41 arranged along the feeding direction, and forms a sliding fit with the third guide rail. The magazine corresponds to the second position for picking and placing the knife, and the punching mechanism is fixed on the sliding part, and the sliding part and the screw rod form a threaded fit, and slide along the third guide rail under the drive of the servo motor. Moreover, by sliding the punching mechanism, the problem of interference that may be caused when the clamping mechanism is loaded can be solved, and it can also be directly moved to the automatic tool changer for tool change, and the tool can be replaced according to processing requirements.

Described fixing fixture 7 comprises moving frame 71, and described moving frame 71 forms longitudinal sliding with column, and the moving seat 72 that forms lateral sliding cooperation with it is arranged on described moving frame, and described moving seat front end is provided with fixing piece, and A push rod mechanism 73 is arranged at the rear end of the moving seat, and the fixing member can be laterally slidably arranged on the moving seat.

Wherein the fixing part comprises an upper fixing part 75 and a lower fixing part 74 which can move up and down slightly, and the front ends of the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part are provided with a fixing head 76, and when the upper fixing part and the lower fixing part are separated, the material is inserted, When the two are merged, the material is clamped, so as to realize the fixation of the material, and wedge-shaped grooves are respectively set at the rear ends of the upper and lower fixing parts. Tighten the cylinder 77, the wedge-shaped fastening head 78 is set on the push rod of the fastening cylinder, and when the cylinder exerts force, the fastening head gives a force to the wedge-shaped groove, so that the upper and lower fixing parts move up or down respectively , so that the fixed head at the front end is clamped, and when the cylinder is released, the fixed head is released due to its own gravity, so as to realize the operation of clamping and loosening the material.

The indexing mechanism is arranged on the moving frame, and the indexing mechanism can be longitudinally slidably fitted relative to the moving frame. The indexing mechanism is fixed on the support, the support is L-shaped, its horizontal end is fixed on the upper end of the mobile frame through the cylinder, and the vertical end of the support is fixed on the mobile frame through the linear guide rail arranged longitudinally, so that the The indexing mechanism can not only slide up and down with the moving frame, but also use its own bracket to slide up and down, so that when the side drilling and milling is required, the workpiece to be processed can be rotated, and it can also be moved upward when the front hole is required. so as not to interfere with punching.

The indexing mechanism includes a servo motor 81, which constitutes a clamping piece that rotates with the servo motor. The clamping piece 82 includes a linkage 84 that cooperates with the servo motor. The linkage 84 is divided into three equal parts. A first transmission member 85 is clamped in the groove, and the first transmission member 85 and the clamping tube 83 form a rotation and sliding fit. The end of the clamping tube facing the fixing fixture is divided into three equal parts with an open groove, and the A fixing sleeve 87 is arranged outside the clamping tube. The clamping tube and the fixing sleeve form a circumferential rotation and axial sliding clamping fit. A second transmission member 86 is arranged between the fixing sleeve and the linkage. The first The second transmission part has a first state of sliding in the slot and a second state of limited fit with the wall of the slot, and a roller is arranged between the fixed sleeve and the clamping tube to reduce the friction between the two force.

That is, when the servo motor rotates, firstly, the linkage part drives the first transmission part to rotate, so that the tightening tube moves relative to the central axis of the fixed sleeve, so that the tightening tube clamps the material to be processed. When the linkage part rotates at a certain angle, The opening groove of the linkage piece is in contact with the second transmission piece, so that the linkage piece drives the entire fixed sleeve to rotate, thereby realizing angular rotation.

Notes to all technical personnel: Although the present invention has been described according to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, the inventive idea of the present invention is not limited to this invention, and any modification using the inventive idea will be included in the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of precision and micro, small short and long axis three-dimensional processing equipment, it comprises fuselage, it is characterized in that: described fuselage one side is provided with feed mechanism, is provided with clip along the straight line of feed mechanism feed direction Material mechanism, the clamping mechanism has a first position for clamping the workpiece to be processed from the feeding mechanism and a second position for sending the clamped workpiece to the fixed fixture, and the second position of the clamping mechanism on the fuselage A column is set on one side of the position, and a fixed fixture that can slide longitudinally is set on the column, and a lateral drilling and milling mechanism is set on both sides of the fixing fixture, and a punching mechanism is set on the other side of the clamping mechanism. The front end of the fixture is provided with an indexing mechanism, which can be longitudinally slid and arranged on the front end of the fixing fixture, and can cooperate with the fixing fixture in linkage. 2. The precision and micro-, small-short-major-axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the feeding mechanism includes a first slide rail arranged on the fuselage, which slides and cooperates with the first slide rail The tray and the first transmission mechanism that drives the tray to move. 3. The precision, micro, and small short and long axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism includes a second slide rail arranged perpendicular to the feed direction of the feed mechanism, and a second slide rail Sliding fit, a fixed frame with lifting function, a rack and pinion structure arranged on the fixed frame, and a first manipulator arranged on the rack. 4. The precision and micro-, small-short-major-axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, the first manipulator has a fixed seat fixed on the rack, and a gripper that cooperates with the circumferential rotation of the fixed seat. part, the fixed seat is set at 45° with the rotation surface of the clamping part, and the clamping part includes a first clamping part and a second clamping part, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part The parts are arranged vertically, that is, any clamping part has a first state perpendicular to the feeding direction and a second state parallel to the feeding direction. 5. The precision and micro, small, short and long axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that there are multiple lateral drilling and milling mechanisms, and the lateral drilling and milling mechanisms can be laterally slidable and arranged on on the post. 6. The precision and micro-, small-short-long-axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that an automatic tool changer is provided on the other side of the fuselage, and the automatic tool changer includes a mounting frame , a fixed disk and a rotating disk, the first drive motor and the drive plate driven by the first drive motor are provided on the mounting frame, the drive plate is provided with a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is sleeved on the rotating In the disk and the fixed disk, the rotating disk is sleeved outside the fixed disk and cooperates with the fixed disk to slide and rotate in the radial direction along the connecting shaft. The fixed disk is provided with a second drive motor, and the rotating disk There are a plurality of second manipulators for placing tools on the circumferential direction. The second manipulators have a first position for clamping the tool and a second position for releasing the second manipulator driven by the second drive motor to facilitate the pick-and-place of the tool. . 7. The precision and micro, small, short and long axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, the punching mechanism is arranged on the third guide rail arranged along the feeding direction, and forms a slide with the third guide rail. The punching mechanism has a first position facing the fixed fixture and a second position corresponding to the automatic tool changer for picking and placing the knife. 8. The precision and micro-, small-short-major-axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fixed fixture includes a moving frame, and the moving frame and the column form a longitudinal sliding fit, and the moving frame A moving seat that cooperates with it to form a lateral sliding is arranged on the top, a fixing member is arranged at the front end of the moving seat, and a push rod mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the moving seat, and the fixing member can be laterally slidably arranged on the moving seat. 9 . The precision and micro-, small-short-major-axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, the indexing mechanism is arranged on the moving frame, and the indexing mechanism can slide longitudinally relative to the moving frame. 10. The precision and micro-, small-short-major-axis three-dimensional processing equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, the indexing mechanism includes a servo motor, which forms a clamping part that rotates with the servo motor, and the clamping part It includes a linkage piece that cooperates with the servo motor. The linkage piece is divided into three equal parts with a slot, and a first transmission piece is clamped in the slot. One end of the clamping tube facing the fixed fixture is divided into three equal parts, and the clamping tube is provided with a fixed sleeve, the clamping tube and the fixed sleeve form a circumferential rotation and axial sliding clamping fit, the fixed A second transmission part is provided between the sleeve and the linkage part, and the second transmission part has a first state of sliding in the slot and a second state of limited fit with the groove wall of the slot.