CN106370445B - Ballast water for ship filter capability experimental provision - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of ballast water for ship filter capability experimental provisions, including：Circulation unit, isomate access unit, distributed intelligence TT＆C system three parts.The isomate access unit of the present invention is by way of improving filter insert experiment device, using fresh water, seawater or other industrial waters as fluid media (medium), with impurity inside planktonic organism, suspended particulate, organic carbon particle simulation engineering-environment, the automatic anti-cleaning filter access device of the engineerings such as ballast water for ship, marine drilling platform, sea water desalination, nuclear power plant's water process, sewage disposal can be tested for the property, and aqueous medium circulating form is consistent with actual industrial flow model, test result can reflect live practical application situation to a certain extent.The foundation of apparatus of the present invention is, it can be achieved that the test to automatic anti-cleaning filter capability both at home and abroad promotes automatic anti-cleaning filter production domesticization to lay good basis for research and development big flow, low pressure loss, highly reliable filter.

Description

Ship ballast water filter performance test device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water medium filtration and separation, in particular to a performance experiment device for a ship's ballast water filter.

Background technique

At present, the traditional filter and sand filter equipment in the municipal water supply, steel, petrochemical, metallurgy, power plant and other industrial cooling circulating water, sewage treatment and other large-flow filtration water occasions have prominent problems, such as easy clogging, inconvenient cleaning operation, and small flow. The hardware configuration cost increases when forming a large-scale filter station, and the overall effect of the treatment of some special water quality with high salinity, high turbidity, and large particles is not good. In terms of international marine ships, in order to effectively prevent the invasion of alien species caused by the ballast water of ships, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) passed the "International Convention on the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments" in 2004. According to the requirements of the IMO Convention, some new ships built in 2009 should meet the D-2 requirements, and all ocean-going ships should meet the D-2 requirements by 2017. Since the automatic backwash filter works by pipeline pressure, it has the technical advantages of continuous operation, no need for manual operation, low energy consumption, small footprint, and long service life, and has been widely used rapidly. However, the safety and reliability of the filtration system has a very important impact on the industrial circulating water system, ship navigation, etc., and its performance test is imperative. On the one hand, frequent adjustments aggravate the mechanical wear of the valve, increase the workload of equipment maintenance and equipment investment; on the other hand, the control accuracy is poor and a large amount of electric energy is wasted. In addition, the water hammer effect caused by the direct power frequency starting and braking of the water pump motor also has a destructive impact on the pipe network and valves. This method has low efficiency in complex operation, lack of accurate, safe and efficient data acquisition and analysis management system support, and insufficient anti-corrosion protection results in low reuse rate; based on fluid simulation calculation analysis, mathematical modeling is complex and the calculation cycle is long, ideal conditions and actual work There are still many differences in the product data measured in the large environment of the environment; although the self-cleaning filter products have the same principle, they have various specifications and types, which brings a lot of pipeline modification work to the connection, which makes the test experiment inconvenient, water and electricity, etc. High energy consumption and low economic benefits.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a ship ballast water filter performance test device, which can meet the measurement and control requirements of the factory inspection and type inspection of the automatic backwash filter, and is safe, energy-saving, and high in working efficiency.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a performance experimental device for a ship's ballast water filter, and the experimental device includes three parts: a circulating water system unit, a heterogeneous product access unit, and a distributed intelligent measurement and control system;

The circulating water system unit includes a water supply and drainage system, a circulating water tank, a first manual valve, a water pump, a regulating valve and a bypass valve, the water supply and drainage system includes a water injection valve and a drain valve connected to the circulating water tank respectively, and the water outlet of the circulating water tank is connected to the The water pump is connected. The first manual valve is set on the pipeline between the water pump and the circulating water tank. The water inlet and outlet of the water pump are respectively equipped with a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor. The water outlet of the water pump is divided into two pipes. Branches, one of which returns to the circulating water tank, the bypass valve is set on the branch, and the other branch is connected to the heterogeneous product unit;

The heterogeneous product unit includes a second manual valve, a variable diameter joint, a filter to be tested, a third manual valve and a pressure regulating valve, the second manual valve is set on the branch of the water pump, and the variable diameter joint is set on the second Downstream of the manual valve, the water inlet end of the tested filter is connected to the variable diameter joint, and the water outlet end of the tested filter is returned to the circulating water tank through the pipeline. The third manual valve and the pressure regulating valve are arranged on the pipeline in turn, and the first A fourth pressure sensor is provided on the pipeline between the manual valve and the pressure regulating valve, and a second flow meter is provided at the outlet of the pressure regulating valve;

The distributed intelligent measurement and control system includes a water environment monitoring system, a frequency conversion control system for controlling water pumps, a differential pressure sensor, a system control cabinet, a central control station, a data acquisition and analysis system, an experimental data management system, a database server, and a field bus communication system. system, a network printer; the water environment monitoring system includes a liquid level gauge, a water temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor arranged on the circulating water tank, and the frequency conversion control system includes a water pump frequency converter, a PID controller and a fuzzy regulator; the fuzzy regulator is based on The user sets the error between the flow rate and the first flow meter and the trend of error change, adjusts the control parameters of the PID controller online, and adjusts the frequency converter and the water pump to make the flow rate change stably; the differential pressure sensor is connected in parallel to the filter under test The two sides of the high and low pressure ports of the differential pressure controller of the filter are used to measure the pressure drop inside and outside the filter element.

As a further optimization of the ship ballast water filter performance test device of the present invention, a microfilter is connected to the end of the drain valve of the water supply and drainage system.

As a further optimization of the ship ballast water filter performance experimental device of the present invention, the circulating water tank is a cylindrical closed type, a trash rack is provided at the water outlet connecting the circulating water tank and the water pump, and an electrolytic filter is also installed in the circulating water tank. Anti-fouling and anti-corrosion device.

As a further optimization of the ship ballast water filter performance test device of the present invention, the design pressure of the piping of the circulating water system unit is ≤1.6Mpa.

As a further optimization of the experimental device for the performance of the ship's ballast water filter of the present invention, the circulating water tank is also provided with an agitator.

As a further optimization of the ship ballast water filter performance experiment device of the present invention, the heterogeneous access unit further includes a flexible joint, and the flexible joint is arranged upstream of the variable diameter joint.

As a further optimization of the ship ballast water filter performance experiment device of the present invention, the drain valve at the bottom end of the tested filter is connected to the circulating water tank, and the outlet end of the drain valve is connected to a third flow meter.

As a further optimization of the ship ballast water filter performance experiment device of the present invention, the distributed intelligent measurement and control system also includes an infrared temperature measurement system and a noise meter for measuring the performance parameters of the calibration filter.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The ship ballast water filter performance experiment device provided by the present invention adopts the soft start of the water pump to reduce or eliminate the water hammer effect, reduce the impact, increase the safety of system operation, prolong the service life of the system, and have better economical, energy-saving, safety and environmental protection effects. , Compatible with horizontal, vertical and other multi-type heterogeneous filter products to avoid a lot of work in pipeline modification, good scalability and signal compatibility of acquisition channels, support RS232/485, fieldbus, industrial Ethernet, Internet, etc. The communication protocol can meet the test requirements of the "General Technical Specifications for Filters for Liquid Filtration", "Automatic Backwash Filters for Industrial Water", "Guidelines for the Approval of Ballast Water Management Systems" G8 guidelines, and the flow rate of the test liquid is within 20~1000m³/h, the whole set of experimental equipment works normally. The invention is independently developed based on PLC and industrial configuration technology, and the highly integrated automatic data acquisition and analysis system greatly improves the work efficiency, reduces the workload of the experimenter, has multiple working modes of remote, manual and automatic, and is more convenient to control. Environmental applicability, high reliability and stability.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the intelligent measurement and control platform for the performance test of the water medium filter;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the main functions of the measurement and control system;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the vertical filter access mode;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal filter access mode;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of quick access to vertical filters;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of quick access to a horizontal filter;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-way 90 ° arc pipeline;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the quick connector structure;

Reference signs: 1. agitator, 2. first pressure sensor, 3. water temperature sensor, 4. circulating water tank, 5. liquid level gauge, 6. first manual valve, 7. second pressure sensor, 8. water pump, 9. The third pressure sensor, 10. The first flow meter, 11. The regulating valve, 12. The second manual valve, 13. The reducing joint, 14. The filter to be tested, 15. The third manual valve, 16. The first Four pressure sensors, 17, pressure regulating valve, 18, second flow meter, 19, differential pressure sensor, 20, third flow meter, 21, water injection valve, 22, drain valve, 23, microfilter, 24, bypass Valve, 25. Noise meter, 26. Database server, 27. Data acquisition and analysis system, 28. Central control station, 29. Network printing center, 30. System control cabinet, 31. Quick connector female port, 32. Rubber gasket, 33. Quick connector male port.

Detailed ways

In order to make the content of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

As shown in the figure, the experimental device for the performance of the ship's ballast water filter includes three parts: a circulating water system unit, a heterogeneous product access unit and a distributed intelligent measurement and control system;

The circulating water system unit includes a water supply and drainage system, a circulating water tank 4, a first manual valve 6, a water pump 8, a regulating valve 11 and a bypass valve 24, and the water supply and drainage system includes a water injection valve 21 and a drain valve respectively connected to the circulating water tank 4 22. The end of the drain valve 22 of the water supply and drainage system is also connected with a microfilter 23. The water outlet of the circulating water tank 4 is connected to the water pump 8. The first manual valve 6 is set on the pipeline between the water pump 8 and the circulating water tank 4. The water pump 8 The water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water pump are provided with a second pressure sensor 7 and a third pressure sensor 9 respectively, and the water outlet end of the water pump 8 is divided into two branches through a pipeline, one of which flows back into the circulating water tank 4, and the bypass valve 24 is set on the branch, and another branch is connected to the heterogeneous product unit;

The heterogeneous product unit includes a second manual valve 12, a variable diameter joint 13, a tested filter 14, a third manual valve 15 and a pressure regulating valve 17, and the second manual valve 12 is arranged on the branch of the water pump 8, The variable diameter joint 13 is arranged on the downstream of the second manual valve 12, and the variable diameter joint is used to solve the caliber difference of the inlet and outlet flanges of different product models; the water inlet end of the tested filter 14 is connected to the variable diameter joint 13, The water outlet end of the filter 14 under test flows back to the circulating water tank 4 through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a third manual valve 15 and a pressure regulating valve 17 in sequence, and the pipeline between the third manual valve 15 and the pressure regulating valve 17 is provided with There is a fourth pressure sensor 16, the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve 17 is provided with a second flowmeter 18, the blowdown valve at the bottom of the filter 14 to be tested is connected to the circulating water tank 4, and the outlet end of the blowdown valve is connected with a third flowmeter 20;

The distributed intelligent measurement and control system includes a water environment monitoring system, a frequency conversion control system for controlling the water pump 8, a differential pressure sensor 19, a system control cabinet 30, a central control station 28, a data collection and analysis system 27, an experimental data management system, and a database Server 26, fieldbus communication system, network printing center 29; water environment monitoring system includes liquid level gauge 5, water temperature sensor 3 and first pressure sensor 2 arranged on circulating water tank 4, frequency conversion control system includes water pump 8 frequency converter, PID A controller and a fuzzy regulator; the fuzzy regulator adjusts the control parameters of the PID controller online according to the error between the flow rate set by the user and the first flowmeter 10 and the error variation trend, and adjusts the frequency converter and the water pump 8 Make the flow rate change stably; the differential pressure sensor 19 is connected in parallel to both sides of the high and low pressure ports of the differential pressure controller of the filter under test 14, and is used to measure the pressure drop inside and outside the filter element. The distributed intelligent measurement and control system also includes an infrared temperature measurement system and a noise meter 25 for measuring the performance parameters of the calibration filter.

The working medium is fresh water, sea water or other industrial water, the water temperature is 5~70°C, the mass ratio or volume ratio can be selected according to the particle characteristics, and the self-cleaning filter used in the ship’s ballast water management system should be tested according to " Ballast water management system approval guidelines "G8 guideline experiment requires the adjustment of various indicators of circulating water, such as water salinity, plankton, organic carbon particles, etc.

The filter to be tested is an automatic backwash filter, which is a water filtration device equipped with a metal mesh filter element in an industrial container and a non-pressure container to filter impurities in industrial and ship water, thereby purifying the water. Its installation methods are vertical and horizontal, and the number of built-in filter elements includes folding and non-folding, single-core and multi-core. Among them, the woven mesh filter is equipped with coarse and fine secondary filter elements, and there are suction nozzles and filter elements for back cleaning. The rotary flushing arm type can be rotated regularly, continuously or scanningly, and can continue to filter without providing energy by using the pressure difference formed between the inside and outside of the filter element. Its technical features are working pressure 0.1~1.6Mpa, initial pressure difference ≤0.015Mpa, backwash pressure difference 0.03~0.05Mpa, filtration precision ≥10μm.

The performance test carried out by the present invention is the main item in the factory inspection and type inspection, and specifically includes automatic backwash filter filtering effect, pressure drop-flow characteristics, backwash flow, sewage discharge, rotation test, action sensitivity, average no Continuous fault running time, excluding water pressure test, noise test with noise measuring instrument and accessories, in which the flow rate measurement and control range is 20~1000m³/h, when the filter with filter element filtration accuracy of 25μm~1mm is selected for the test, the test liquid contains oil The amount should not exceed 5mg/L.

In the present invention, there are three liquid test collection points, namely, the first collection point P1, the second collection point P2, and the third collection point P3; sampling at the first collection point P1 realizes sampling of the turbidity of the test liquid in the circulating water tank; Sampling at the second collection point P2, before the test liquid flows into the filter, compares the test liquid in the circulating water tank and the purified test liquid; takes a sample at the third collection point P3, and compares the experiment before the unpurified test liquid flows out of the filter Liquid sampling; the sample cup is a cylindrical plastic transparent open cup, the cup body is marked with the serial number of the capacity scale, the center of the plastic end cap is connected to the drainage hose, and there are elastic buckles on both sides of the end cap to cooperate with the cup body.

The circulating water tank 4 is a cylindrical closed type, and the water outlet connecting the circulating water tank 4 and the water pump 8 is provided with a trash rack. The circulating water tank 4 is also equipped with an electrolytic anti-fouling and anti-corrosion device, and the inner surface of the circulating water tank is made of epoxy asphalt paint. For anti-corrosion treatment, the circulating water tank 4 is also provided with an agitator 1 . The piping design pressure of the circulating water system unit is ≤1.6Mpa. The water pump is a vertical pipeline centrifugal pump, which is controlled by a frequency conversion control system.

The heterogeneous access unit also includes a flexible joint, the flexible joint is arranged upstream of the variable diameter joint 13, and the flexible joint is used to compensate the axial and radial displacement deviation between the flexible pipe and the variable diameter joint, and at the same time facilitates Vibration and noise absorption, and a section of flexible pipe connected to the front section allows the heterogeneous filter prototype to be connected to the vertical and horizontal boundaries. When the heterogeneous access unit is connected to the vertical filter, as shown in Figure 3, it is sequentially connected to the second manual valve, flexible pipe, flexible joint with looper flange, variable diameter joint, and tested filter , and fixed on the ground with a support frame, if the filter to be tested is of heterogeneous caliber, select the corresponding variable diameter joint and seal it firmly with a clamp, that is, when α=0°, the fixed-length pipeline L rotates around the X2 axis at an angle of arcsinβ=h2 -h1, the vertical filter can be connected. When connecting to a horizontal filter, as shown in Figure 4, just fold the flexible pipe into an L shape according to the bending radius so that the opening is vertically upward, and the other pipes are connected with the vertical filter, that is, when α=90°, fixed length The pipeline L can be connected to the horizontal filter by rotating the angle of 90 degrees around the Y1 axis.

The heterogeneous access unit includes electric valves, quick connectors, flexible joints with loose flanges, variable diameter joints, bolt collars, tested filters including drive motors, blowdown valves, and the electric valves in the Z1 and X1 directions The valve is connected to the upstream pipeline, and interlocks in two directions when connected to different vertical and horizontal filters; the quick joint, flexible joint, variable diameter joint, bolt cardan, and the water inlet of the tested filter are connected in sequence; among them, the The quick connector is divided into male and female ports, and the quick connection of the pipeline is realized by plugging; the flexible joint is used to compensate the axial and radial displacement deviation between the pipeline and the variable diameter joint, and at the same time, it is beneficial to vibration and noise absorption. And with the quick connector, the heterogeneous filter prototype can be connected vertically and horizontally. The variable diameter connector is used to solve the difference between the diameter of the inlet and outlet flanges of different product models and the upstream pipeline, eliminating the need for pipeline modification. Work; the bolt collar is used for the convenient sealing of the inlet and outlet of the variable diameter joint and the filter, and the disassembly and assembly of the flange.

The fieldbus communication system includes fieldbus, gateway, and industrial Ethernet. The fieldbus transmits field information such as pressure, differential pressure, temperature, flow, I/O signals, and equipment operating conditions to the PLC controller, and the PLC controls the frequency conversion through the fieldbus. , valves, motor drives and other equipment, thereby forming a closed-loop control field control level communication network; the central control station, data acquisition and analysis system, experimental data management system, database server, network printing center, etc. form a process based on industrial Ethernet The communication network at the monitoring and management level forms a field bus communication system through the gateway communication interface in the system control cabinet and the field control level network to realize intelligent collection and analysis of experimental data, generation of report curves, and automatic management during the experiment.

The distributed network measurement and control system is a comprehensive experiment management system developed based on PLC and configuration control technology, which integrates measurement and control, analysis and management. Among them, the data acquisition and analysis system and the central control station are the core of the entire measurement and control system. The central control station and PLC adopt the C/S service mode to realize the automation of the experiment process. That is, through the human-computer interaction interface, the work instructions and parameters required for the test are sent to the central control station. The central control station interacts with the PLC main control unit to realize data collection, adjustment control and other functions for sensors and various drives. The process input is oriented to Sensor signals (flow, differential pressure, pressure, temperature, liquid level) and switching signals, etc., output control actuators (frequency converters, water pumps, electric valves, electromagnetic reversing valves, motors, etc.) to realize automatic control of the experimental process; The self-adjusting PID control method based on fuzzy reasoning effectively overcomes the difficulty in parameter setting of PID control in the regulation of nonlinear, time-varying, and large-delay complex systems, and the inherent shortcomings of fuzzy control without integral links that are difficult to completely eliminate steady-state errors. Comparing the pipeline flow, filter pressure, filter element pressure difference and water tank liquid level with the set value, combined with the fuzzy algorithm and fuzzy regulator, the output signal of the digital output module controls the frequency converter, pressure regulating valve, water supply and drainage system, and realizes flow, Closed-loop control of pressure and liquid level.

On the one hand, the data acquisition system collects the working flow, pressure, pressure difference, noise, temperature rise of spare parts, motors, valves and other switching signals of the tested filter and stores them in the original database of the database server to provide data sources for performance analysis; On the other hand, the pipeline flow, pressure, flow velocity, temperature, liquid level and switch signals of pumps, motors, valves, etc. of the circulating water system are collected to form a system database of the database server, which provides support for the automation of the experimental process. By accessing the database server, the data management system classifies and screens the original database, removes invalid data, and performs data preprocessing, specifically including summation, maximum value, minimum value, average value, variance and unit conversion, backup management, etc.;

The data analysis system performs data post-processing on the basis of the above steps, including automatically drawing real-time curves, historical curves, real-time data reports, and historical data reports of the flow rate, pressure, pressure difference, noise, and temperature rise of the tested filter over time. , for display, query, classification extraction, printing, deletion, etc. By fitting the pressure drop-flow characteristic curve, the empirical formula of the hydraulic loss of the filter is calculated; after the water sample is analyzed, the filter cleaning effect, function and performance of the filter are evaluated. Reliability, calibrate the best technical parameters such as the rated flow rate of the filter, cleaning pressure difference, sewage discharge time, sewage discharge volume, etc., and store and output the experimental test report in Office format.

The ship ballast water filter performance experiment device provided by the present invention uses fresh water, sea water or other industrial water as a fluid medium during testing, and uses plankton, suspended particles and organic carbon particles to simulate impurities inside the engineering environment. The experimental device is operated under the following working conditions: the flow range is 20~1000m³/h, the operating pressure is 0~0.6MPa, the operating temperature is 5~40°C, the operating humidity is 30~80%, and the filtration accuracy of the filter element is 25μm~1mm. The oil content in the liquid should not exceed 5mg/L. Using the experimental device, 1 pressure drop-flow characteristics, 2 function and reliability, 3 noise experiment, and 4 filtering effect can be performed on the water medium filter in sequence. The specific operation steps are as follows:

1 Pressure drop-flow characteristic test:

The pressure drop-flow characteristic is also called the flow capacity test, that is, the characteristic experiment of the pressure drop of different types of filters changing with the change of the flow rate under a certain filtration precision. The purpose is to verify whether the maximum working flow meets the design requirements and the maximum pressure loss when the filter is working normally, and to measure the functional relationship between filter cleaning pressure drop and flow change. The initial pressure difference of the calibrated filter should be ≤ 15 kPa.

1) Open the water injection valve 21 to inject clean water into the water tank. When the set water level is reached, the water supply and drainage system in the control center will issue a closing command, and the water injection valve 21 will automatically close; connect the filter to the heterogeneous system according to the installation method, and then assemble it into a test device Connect the differential pressure sensor in parallel with the high and low pressure pressure measuring holes of the differential pressure controller of the filter, open the upstream pipeline of the filter inlet, close the bypass loop, let the test liquid pass through the filter to be tested and discharge the air in the shell.

2) The experimenter enters the test process parameters such as the design flow value of the filter and the number of flow levels through the man-machine interface of the control center; starts the variable frequency pump, and the PID controller in the control center combines the fuzzy control algorithm library to regulate the opening of the pump and valve. Make the flow meter stable at 0.2 times the design flow, and its fluctuation is controlled at ±0.5%.

3) Then gradually increase the test flow rate to 1.2 times the design flow rate of the filter, during which no less than 10 flow blocks are measured in appropriate equal increments, and each time the flow rate is adjusted, it should be adjusted by the instrument after the value is stable. The data acquisition and analysis system automatically records the pressure drop of the filter corresponding to each flow block and stores it in the test database; gradually decreases from 1.2 times the design flow of the filter to 0.2 times, with an equal reduction of not less than 10 points flow and repeat the above operations.

4) Repeat the test once according to step 3), process the flow and pressure drop data recorded in steps 3) and 4), and take the average value. The data acquisition and analysis system generates the pressure drop-flow characteristic curve by curve fitting the discrete data in these test databases, and fits the empirical formula of the hydraulic loss of the filter; the data acquisition and analysis system analyzes the pressure drop change rate of the filter, and combines The pressure value of the filter element in the product database is used to calculate the optimal working flow of the filter.

2 Function and reliability test:

On the basis of the pressure drop-flow characteristic test, the function and reliability test of the tested filter is carried out to measure whether the manual, pressure difference, timing and remote control cleaning functions of the filter are effective, whether the signal output is accurate, whether the motor or other drives, Technical parameters such as the temperature rise of rotating mechanisms such as valves and bearings, and the average trouble-free continuous running time of filter equipment.

1) Rotation test After step 4 in the pressure drop-flow characteristic test is completed, a load rotation test should be carried out on the rotating mechanism equipped with the filter to be tested. Under the rated working conditions, rotate each rotating part no less than 3 times, check whether the operation of each rotating part is flexible, and whether there are any abnormal conditions such as jamming, abnormal sound, and special smell.

2) Functional experiment After the inspection of step 1 of the rotating experiment, set the self-cleaning program. As the filtration progresses, operate the manual, differential pressure, timing, and remote control cleaning functions of the filter respectively. When testing the differential pressure function mode, the filter element When the internal and external pressure drop rises to the set value, the pressure difference controller on the filter body should trigger and send out a signal to start the motor to run, and at the same time the sewage valve should be opened immediately; after the set cleaning time delay is over, the motor will stop running and the sewage will be discharged at the same time The valve should be closed immediately, and the pressure drop will drop back to the initial pressure drop to wait for the next cycle. Each control mode is tested three times, and the measurement and control system automatically records the filter working mode, differential pressure value, sewage discharge, etc., and whether the feedback output signals such as the sensitivity of the differential pressure controller, the start and stop of the motor, and the opening and closing status of the sewage valve are accurate.

3) Reliability test experiment Under the rated working conditions, set the working mode of the filter to the pressure difference timing double cleaning mode, start the infrared thermal imaging system, and check the temperature rise of the motor, reducer, valve, bearing, electrical system, etc. on the filter body On-line detection, the continuous running time is not less than 50 hours, and the imaging acquisition frequency is 1 time/h. During this period, if the filter fails and cannot be automatically restored, the measurement and control system will immediately close the filter and open the bypass circuit, and an audible and visual alarm will occur. Alarm, calculate the average trouble-free continuous running time of the whole filter through fault alarm events and imaging analysis, so as to evaluate the reliability of the whole filter, and give preventive maintenance suggestions for filter equipment to prevent the filter from being used in nuclear power, ships and other special During the filtration and separation of water treatment in the industry, the downtime caused by the failure of the filter equipment caused heavy losses.

3 filter running noise test:

On the basis of step 3 of the reliability test, the noise test shall be carried out synchronously according to the provisions of Appendix E of GB/T10894. The measuring point is selected according to the horizontal distance of the nearest main surface of the filter as 1m: when the height of the filter (calculated from the bottom of the machine base or the bottom of the support) is lower than 1m. Select the measurement height by 1m, and select the measurement height by 1.5m if the height of the water filter is higher than 1m. Repeat the above steps twice, record the filter operation noise sound power level data for processing, and take the average value.

4 Filtration effect test:

After the pressure drop-flow characteristic experiment is completed, the filter effect test should be carried out on the tested filter to measure the filter cleaning effect of the filter, that is, the removal rate of total suspended solids TSS, organic matter, and turbidity NTU, and to calibrate the cleaning pressure difference and sewage discharge of the filter. The best technical parameters such as time and sewage discharge

1) Add a certain amount of zooplankton, plants, suspended particles, and organic carbon particles to the raw water in the circulating water tank to simulate the internal impurities of the engineering environment. The control center starts the mixer to mix the experimental liquid evenly. Information such as temperature, pressure, and turbidity are transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis system.

2) Open the valve, close the bypass, water supply and drainage system, and the filter drain valve. The experimenter inputs the flow rate, pressure, cleaning pressure difference, cleaning cycle, cleaning time and other process parameters of the filter through the man-machine interface of the control center, and sets The experimental device is in automatic working mode; the flow PID controller in the control center combines the fuzzy control algorithm to continuously regulate the frequency conversion water pump and the filter inlet valve, so that the flow rate of the filter inlet flowmeter 11 is stable; the pressure sensor 15 feeds back the filter pressure to the control center, and the pressure of the control center The PID controller combined with the fuzzy control algorithm continuously regulates the pressure regulating valve 17 to ensure the stability of the working pressure of the filter. When the control center continuously detects that the three cycle times of the filter are equal by means of timing, it is determined that the system has reached the set process conditions stably, and the data acquisition and analysis system is started to start the formal test.

3) During the filtration process of the filter, the water to be filtered enters the filter chamber through the inlet flange, and the organic and inorganic particles larger than the aperture of the filter screen will be intercepted by the filter element, and the filtered water will flow through the filter screen through the filter outlet and the outlet pipeline to Circulating water tank; as the material intercepted by the filter element continues to increase, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element also continues to rise. When the set pressure difference value is reached, the pressure difference controller sends out a signal quickly, and the filter performs self-cleaning work.

During the filter cleaning process, the motor on the filter drives the sewage suction device to move, and at the same time opens the sewage valve. The pressure drop generated inside the filter element will cause the water flowing through the filter element to flow in reverse, so that the organic and inorganic particles trapped in the filter element will be washed out of the filter, and the sewage will enter the circulating water tank through the drain valve and flow meter. After the countdown of cleaning time, control The center can quickly send the signal of the motor to stop running and the electromagnetic blowdown valve.

Each sensor transmits information such as the flow rate, pressure, pressure difference inside and outside the filter element, temperature, sewage discharge, filter equipment, and management system operation status of the filter to the control center; the data acquisition and analysis system first passes through synchronous high-speed sampling of sensor signals, filtering and reducing Noise, isolation and amplification, large-scale data calculation analysis and other raw data are preprocessed to generate real-time data, historical data, real-time curves, historical curves and data analysis reports for display and printing and database backup management.

4) During the filtration and cleaning cycle of the filter, sample the experimental liquid from the three sampling points P1, P2, and P3. The sampling times in each cycle are not less than 5 times, and the sampling volume is 1 liter each. Sequentially numbered, used, and classified storage; sampling at the first collection point P1 to realize sampling of the turbidity of the experimental liquid in the circulating water tank; sampling at the second collection point P2 to realize the comparison of the experimental liquid in the circulating water tank before the experimental liquid flows into the filter, Sampling of the purified experimental liquid; sampling at the third collection point P3, so that the experimental liquid flows out of the filter and compared with the sampling of the experimental liquid before purification.

5) Repeat the test for steps 3) and 4), and test the turbidity NTU, total suspended solids TSS, phytoplankton with organic matter less than the filtration precision and zooplankton greater than the filtration precision for the samples obtained at three places, and then calculate the removal rate.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention , all should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The experimental device for the performance of the ship's ballast water filter is characterized in that the experimental device includes three parts: a circulating water system unit, a heterogeneous product access unit and a distributed intelligent measurement and control system; The circulating water system unit includes a water supply and drainage system, a circulating water tank (4), a first manual valve (6), a water pump (8), a regulating valve (11) and a bypass valve (24). The water injection valve (21) and the drain valve (22) connected to the water tank (4), the water outlet of the circulating water tank (4) is connected to the water pump (8), and the first manual valve (6) is set between the water pump (8) and the circulating water tank ( 4) On the pipeline between, the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water pump (8) are respectively provided with the second pressure sensor (7) and the third pressure sensor (9), and the water outlet end of the water pump (8) is divided into two parts through the pipe. One of the branches returns to the circulating water tank (4), the bypass valve (24) is set on the branch, and the other branch is connected to the heterogeneous product access unit; The heterogeneous product access unit includes a second manual valve (12), a reducing joint (13), a filter to be tested (14), a third manual valve (15) and a pressure regulating valve (17), the second The manual valve (12) is set on the branch of the water pump (8), the variable diameter joint (13) is set downstream of the second manual valve (12), and the water inlet end of the tested filter (14) is connected to the variable diameter joint (13), the water outlet end of the tested filter (14) returns to the circulating water tank (4) through the pipeline, and the third manual valve (15) and the pressure regulating valve (17) are arranged on the pipeline in sequence, and the third manual valve A fourth pressure sensor (16) is provided on the pipeline between (15) and the pressure regulating valve (17), and a second flow meter (18) is provided at the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve (17); The distributed intelligent measurement and control system includes a water environment monitoring system, a frequency conversion control system for controlling the water pump (8), a differential pressure sensor (19), a system control cabinet (30), a central control station (28), and a data acquisition and analysis system (27), experimental data management system, database server (26), fieldbus communication system, network printing center (29); the water environment monitoring system includes a liquid level gauge (5) installed on the circulating water tank (4), a water temperature sensor (3) and the first pressure sensor (2), the frequency conversion control system includes the water pump (8) frequency converter, PID controller and fuzzy regulator; The error between them and the trend of error change, the control parameters of the PID controller are adjusted online, and the frequency converter and water pump (8) are adjusted to make the flow rate change stably; the pressure difference sensor (19) is connected in parallel with the filter under test (14) The two sides of the high and low pressure ports of the differential pressure controller are used to measure the pressure drop inside and outside the filter element. 2. The performance experiment device of ship ballast water filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, the end of the drain valve (22) of the water supply and drainage system is also connected with a microfilter (23). 3. The ship ballast water filter performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the circulating water tank (4) is a cylindrical closed type, and the water outlet of the circulating water tank (4) is connected to the water pump (8) There is a trash rack at the place, and an electrolytic anti-fouling and anti-corrosion device is also provided in the circulating water tank (4). 4. The ship ballast water filter performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the design pressure of the pipeline of the circulating water system unit is ≤1.6Mpa. 5 . The performance experiment device of ship ballast water filter according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the circulating water tank ( 4 ) is further provided with a stirrer ( 1 ). 6. The performance experiment device of ship ballast water filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, the heterogeneous product access unit further comprises a flexible joint, and the flexible joint is arranged upstream of the reducing joint (13). 7. The ship ballast water filter performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the blowdown valve at the bottom of the tested filter (14) is connected to the circulating water tank (4), and the outlet end of the blowdown valve is connected to There is a third flow meter (20). 8. ship's ballast water filter performance experiment device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described distributed intelligent measurement and control system also comprises the infrared temperature measuring system and the noise meter (25 for measuring the performance parameter of calibration filter) ).