CN106369096A - Counter pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity - Google Patents
Counter pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106369096A CN106369096A CN201610905962.0A CN201610905962A CN106369096A CN 106369096 A CN106369096 A CN 106369096A CN 201610905962 A CN201610905962 A CN 201610905962A CN 106369096 A CN106369096 A CN 106369096A
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- steel wire
- wire rope
- disc spring
- back pressure
- guide sleeve
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 23
- 208000002740 Muscle Rigidity Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
- F16F7/116—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on metal springs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/08—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber
- F16F3/10—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a counter pressure type disc spring damper with the adjustable initial rigidity. The damper is characterized in that a counter pressure device is arranged inside a guide sleeve and comprises more than three pre-compression steel wire ropes, steel wire rope deflecting components with the same number as the pre-compression steel wire ropes, a steel wire rope self-locking and tensioning anchorage device and a floating counter pressure steel plate; the pre-compression steel wire ropes are distributed in a center hole of a disc spring set in the mode of a zigzag line, one ends of the pre-compression steel wire ropes are symmetrically fixed to the floating counter pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other ends of the pre-compression steel wire ropes are deflected back after penetrating through the opposite steel wire rope deflecting components, then all the pre-compression steel wire ropes are combined to form a rope strand, and the rope strand penetrates through the floating counter pressure steel plate from the point where the axis of the guide sleeve passes on the floating counter pressure steel plate and is anchored to a second end cover by the steel wire rope self-locking and tensioning anchorage device; and when the pre-compression steel wire ropes are tensioned to reach the tension needed by the preset initial rigidity, the disc spring set is always clamped between a drive component and the floating counter pressure steel plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building anti-vibration device, in particular to a damping device comprising a disc spring.
Background
A damper is a device that dissipates energy from motion in a manner that provides resistance to motion. From the twenty-century and the seventies, the damper is gradually transferred to structural engineering such as buildings, bridges, railways and the like from industries such as aerospace, aviation, war industry, firearms, automobiles and the like. The disk spring is widely applied to shock insulation and absorption devices in various heavy-load occasions due to the characteristics of large bearing capacity, strong buffering and absorption capacity and wide range of nonlinearity. The disc spring is usually combined into a disc spring group by a plurality of discs, and the use effects of different combination modes are different; however, the disc spring assembly formed by any mode can only be compressed and deformed. Therefore, existing dampers for resisting wind and earthquakes use at least two sets of disc springs, or are compounded with other types of dampers (e.g., viscoelastic dampers). However, this approach using multiple sets of belleville springs or combinations with other types of dampers creates many negative problems, such as: 1. the damping characteristics of stretching and compression of the damper are asymmetric, so that the shock insulation and absorption effects are influenced; 2. the volume is large, and the installation cannot be carried out in a narrow space; 3. the structure is complex, the production is difficult, and the cost is high; and so on.
The action of seismic waves is multidirectional and random, namely, the magnitude direction and the frequency of force acting on a building are random, so that the damper for resisting earthquake needs to meet the following two requirements: the characteristic frequency of the damper needs to be staggered with the resonance frequency domain of earthquake input excitation, and the characteristic frequency of the damper needs to be staggered with the characteristic frequency of a building or a building structure. According to the theoretical analysis of the author's easy loyalty of the ' basic characteristic parameter analysis of the disc spring ', the natural frequency of the single disc spring(in the formula, KpFor stiffness, msIs a butterflyThe mass of the form spring, m the mass of the body to which the belleville spring is attached, ξ the equivalent mass conversion factor [ see journal of Petroleum machinery, 23, Vol.23, No. 3, pages 10 to 22, 1995]It can be seen that when the mass of the belleville spring and the mass of the object connected with the belleville spring are determined by design, the square of the natural frequency of the belleville spring is proportional to the stiffness of the belleville spring.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN1932324A discloses an adjustable disc spring mechanical shock absorption damper, which comprises a shell, a load connecting rod and two groups of disc springs, wherein the load connecting rod and the two groups of disc springs are arranged in the shell, the middle part of the load connecting rod is provided with an adjusting gear fixedly connected with the load connecting rod, the load connecting rods on the two sides of the adjusting gear are respectively provided with a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut which are in threaded fit with the load connecting rod, and the two groups of disc springs are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut and are respectively clamped between the left-handed nut or the right-handed nut and a sealing plate at the. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted by only turning the adjusting gear on the load connecting rod to enable the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut to be close to or far away from each other, so that the pretightening force of the two groups of disk springs can be adjusted, and the use requirements of different frequencies and different amplitudes are met. However, the invention still has the following disadvantages:
1. the load connecting rod is kept in balance under the combined action of the two groups of disc springs, although the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs can be adjusted, no matter how the pretightening force is adjusted, the acting forces of the two groups of disc springs on the load connecting rod are equal in one group, and opposite in direction, and the balance can be damaged only by applying any external force on the load connecting rod, so that the two groups of disc springs deform, and the damper cannot preset initial rigidity;
2. the damper is provided with two groups of disc springs which are matched with each other, so that the damper can provide damping when the damper is subjected to pressure or tensile load, certain waste is caused, the length of the damper is greatly increased, and the damper is not suitable for occasions with compact installation space.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN101457553A discloses a tuned mass damper with adjustable spring stiffness, which is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of the viscous damper, and the stiffness of the damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are adopted for changing the effective working length of the spring, firstly, a section of the spring positioned in a curing cylinder is cured by adopting a curing material, secondly, a constraint block is inserted into the center of a spiral spring and is in interference fit with the spring, so that a section of the spring contacted with the constraint block fails, thirdly, a spiral bulge is arranged on the surface of the constraint block, and the spiral bulge is clamped between spring wires, so that a section of the spring clamped with the spiral bulge between the spring wires fails. It can be seen that although the spring in the patent application can change the stiffness, the effective working length of the spring is obviously shortened, and the spring can only compress energy consumption and reduce vibration but cannot stretch the energy consumption and reduce vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity, which not only keeps the effective working length of a disc spring group, but also only needs one group of disc springs to compress energy consumption and vibration reduction and stretch the energy consumption and vibration reduction.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity comprises a guide sleeve, wherein one end of the guide sleeve is provided with a first end cover, the other end of the guide sleeve is provided with a second end cover, and a disc spring group is coaxially arranged inside the guide sleeve; a driving component extends into the guide sleeve from the center of the first end cover and acts on the disc spring group, wherein the disc spring group is formed by vertically overlapping a group of disc springs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the guide sleeve is also internally provided with a back pressure device which comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate is arranged between the disc spring set and the second end cover;
the steel wire rope direction changing element is symmetrically fixed on the driving component around the axis of the guide sleeve and is positioned in a central hole of the disc spring group;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the central holes of the disc spring groups in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through one opposite steel wire rope direction changing element and then turns back, then all the prepressing steel wire ropes are parallel to form ropes, and the ropes pass through the floating back pressure steel plate from the point where the axis of the guide sleeve passes on the floating back pressure steel plate, and are anchored on the second end cover by a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole which penetrates through the rope bundle is arranged at the position where the rope bundle penetrates through the floating back pressure steel plate, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the rope bundle;
and tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to the tension required by setting the initial rigidity, so that the disc spring group is always clamped between the driving member and the floating back pressure steel plate.
The working principle of the damper is as follows: when the dynamic load is relatively acted along the axis of the guide sleeve, the driving member compresses the disc spring group downwards; when the dynamic load acts along the axis of the guide sleeve in a reverse direction, the prepressing steel wire rope reversely lifts the floating counter-pressure steel plate through the steel wire rope direction changing element to compress the disc-shaped spring group. Therefore, the axial dynamic load can compress the disc spring group to cause the disc spring group to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter the disc spring group is oppositely or reversely acted on the damper.
According to the working principle, the prepressing steel wire ropes and the hole walls of the through holes in the floating back pressure steel plate cannot generate friction in the working process, otherwise, the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is interfered, so that the diameter of the through holes is larger than that of the ropes formed by the prepressing steel wire ropes in parallel, and the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is preferably not interfered and influenced.
In the above scheme, the wire rope direction changing element is a common fixed pulley or a hoisting ring-shaped member with a direction changing function similar to that of the common fixed pulley, such as a hoisting ring screw, a U-shaped member and the like.
The back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity, provided by the invention, has the advantages that one end of the pre-pressing steel wire rope fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate can be fixed by welding, and can also be fastened and fixed by similar lifting ring screws.
The damper can be widely applied to various one-dimensional fields, such as isolation of internal vibration of mechanical equipment, isolation of equipment foundation, seismic reinforcement of building structures, seismic resistance of large buildings and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity has the following beneficial effects:
(1) external force is applied along the axis, and no matter the external force is pressure or tension, the disc spring group can generate elastic compression deformation to consume energy, so that the defect that the traditional disc spring damper can only compress, deform and consume energy is overcome;
(2) when the dynamic load is larger than the resisting capacity of the preset initial rigidity of the damper, the damper is symmetrical in two-way elastic deformation, so that the compression deformation energy consumption effect of the damper is not influenced by the change of the positive direction and the negative direction of the external load, and a convenient condition is provided for the reinforcement design of the building structure such as wind load resistance;
(3) the initial rigidity of the whole damper can be changed by only changing the length of the steel wire rope, and the damper cannot be deformed by external force before the early rigidity is overcome, so that when the damper is used for vertical shock insulation of a building, the seismic intensity can be preset, and the shock insulation cost is obviously reduced;
(4) the two working states of stretching and compressing can be realized only by one group of disc springs, and the length of the damper is obviously shortened.
(5) In the process of presetting the initial stiffness, the effective working length of the disc spring set is unchanged, and the original characteristic parameters of the disc spring set cannot be changed.
(6) The characteristic frequency domain range of the damper can be selected by reasonably selecting the preset early stiffness by using the characteristics of the belleville spring, so that the inherent frequency domain range of the building structure and the frequency domain range of the vertical seismic waves are avoided, and resonance is prevented.
(7) One end of the prepressing steel wire rope is fixed on the second end cover by adopting the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage, so that the length of the prepressing steel wire rope can be adjusted, and the characteristic parameters of the steel wire rope can be effectively prevented from being changed by twisting the prepressing steel wire rope in the length adjusting process by utilizing the combined action of the anti-twisting compression spring and the first self-centering locking clamp.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 5 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a damper according to the present invention, in which fig. 1 is a front view (C-C rotation section of fig. 3), fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a (pre-stressed steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B (pre-stressed steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 4 is a structural enlarged view of a part i of fig. 1, and fig. 5 is a structural enlarged view of a part ii of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 to 10 are schematic structural views of the self-locking tensioning anchor of the steel wire rope in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 5, wherein fig. 6 is a front view (sectional view) in which a broken line indicates a pre-stressed steel wire rope, fig. 7 is a bottom view, fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 6, fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 6, and fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line F-F of fig. 6.
Fig. 11 to 14 are schematic structural views of a second embodiment of the damper of the present invention, in which fig. 11 is a front view (cross section), fig. 12 is a G-G cross section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 11, fig. 13 is an H-H cross section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 11, and fig. 14 is an enlarged cross section I-I of fig. 12.
Fig. 15 to 19 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the damper according to the present invention, in which fig. 15 is a front view (L-L rotation section of fig. 17), fig. 16 is a J-J section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 15, fig. 17 is a K-K section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 15, fig. 18 is an enlarged structural view of a part iii of fig. 15, and fig. 19 is an enlarged structural view of a part iv of fig. 15.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the damper in this embodiment is a vertical seismic isolation device (also called a vertical seismic isolation support) for building seismic resistance, and includes a guide sleeve 1, a first end cover 2, a second end cover 3, a disc spring group 4, and a back pressure device.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the guide sleeve 1 is in a circular tube shape, the upper end of the guide sleeve is contracted inwards and radially to form a first end cover 2 with a guide hole in the center, and the lower end of the guide sleeve extends outwards and radially to form a flange 5. The middle part of the second end cover 3 is upwards bulged to form an inverted basin shape, the peripheral edge is provided with a mounting hole 6, and the guide sleeve 1 is fixed on the upper surface of the bulged middle part through a flange 5 arranged at the lower end.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the driving member is composed of a movable platen 7 and an upper connecting plate 8, wherein the upper connecting plate 8 is disc-shaped, the edge of the upper connecting plate is provided with a mounting hole 6, the center of the lower end surface extends downwards to form a boss for guiding, the boss extends into the guide sleeve 1 from a guide hole arranged on the first end cover 2, and the boss is fixed with the movable platen 7 by a screw.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the disc spring set 4 is coaxially arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and a movable platen 7 in the driving member acts on the upper end surface of the guide sleeve, wherein the disc spring set 4 is formed by vertically overlapping 16 disc springs pairwise in a relative manner. Referring to fig. 1, a gap 14 larger than the amplitude is provided between the upper connecting plate 8 and the first end cap 2; in order to avoid that during vibration a collision occurs between the movable platen 7 of the driving member and the first end cap 2, a collision avoidance gap 13 is provided between the movable platen 7 and the first end cap 2.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the back pressure device is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the specific scheme is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, the back pressure device comprises three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, three lifting ring screws 10 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, three other lifting ring screws 10 for fixing the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15. Wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the disc spring set 4 and the second end cover 3;
the three lifting ring screws 10 as steel wire rope direction changing elements symmetrically fix the lower surface of the movable platen 7 of the driving component in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1.
Referring to fig. 6-10, each steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 15 is composed of a first self-centering locking clamp, a second self-centering locking clamp, an anti-torsion compression spring 15-1 and a planar bearing 15-2, wherein:
the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat 15-3, the edge of the connecting seat 15-3 is provided with a mounting hole 15-12, the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss 15-4, the inside of the boss 15-4 is provided with a first taper hole 15-5 along the axial lead, a first tapered clamping jaw 15-7 consisting of 3 claw pieces is arranged in the taper hole, the peripheral surface of the boss 15-4 is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve 15-6, and the first tapered clamping jaw are in threaded connection; the small end of the first tapered clamp 15-7 points to the connecting seat 15-3, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve 15-8, and a section of second taper hole 15-13 and a section of threaded hole are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve 15-8 along the axis; the second taper clamp 15-9 consisting of 3 claw pieces is arranged in the second taper hole 15-13, a hollow bolt 15-10 is arranged in the threaded hole, the head of the hollow bolt 15-10 is opposite to the big end of the second taper clamp 15-9, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve 15-8 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the plane bearing 15-2 is composed of a ball-retainer assembly 15-11 and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 opposite to the taper sleeve 15-8, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly 15-11;
the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw 15-9 and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw 15-7 are in the same direction; the plane bearing 15-2 is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve 15-6 and the taper sleeve 15-8, and the anti-torsion compression spring 15-1 is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve 15-6. After the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 penetrates out from the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw 15-7, the center hole of the plane bearing 15-2 and the space between the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw 15-9 through the anti-twisting compression spring 15-1, one end of the anti-twisting compression spring 15-1 acts on the first conical clamping jaw 15-7, and the other end acts on the taper sleeve 15-8 under the action of the tension of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the connecting seat 15-3 of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 15 is fixed on the lower surface of the raised middle part of the second end cover 3 by a screw, and the distance from the lower surface of the raised middle part of the second end cover 3 to the bottom surface of the second end cover 3 is greater than the height of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 15.
Referring to fig. 1-5, three lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; the outer side of the second end cover 3 is provided with the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 15 at the position where the axis of the guide sleeve 1 passes through; the three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting ring screw 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through a lifting ring screw 10 serving as a steel wire rope direction-changing element and then turns back, then the three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are arranged in parallel as rope bundles and pass through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position where the axis of a guide sleeve 1 on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 passes through, and a steel wire rope self-; a through hole 12 for penetrating the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is formed in the rope bundle penetrating position of the floating back pressure steel plate 11, and the diameter of the through hole 12 is larger than that of the rope bundle; and an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the rope bundle is formed in the position, where the rope bundle penetrates, of the second end cover 3.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5 in combination with fig. 6 to 10, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the initial stiffness, the installation and tensioning methods of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 are as follows: (1) firstly, calculating the tension of the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 meeting the initial stiffness of the damper according to the initial stiffness preset by the damper and the characteristic parameters of the disc spring group 4; (2) assembling the damper according to the figure 1, and enabling a rope bundle formed by the other ends of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 in parallel to penetrate out of central holes of a first conical clamping jaw 15-7, a second conical clamping jaw 15-9 and a hollow bolt 15-10 of a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15; then, (3) tying the rope head of the exposed prepressing steel wire rope 9 on a traction tensioning machine, and monitoring the tension of the prepressing steel wire rope 9 by adopting a tension detector while traction tensioning; when the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tensioned to the tension required by the preset initial rigidity, moving a second self-centering locking clamp forwards, adjusting and screwing a tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 simultaneously, so that a plane bearing 15-2 is tightly clamped between the tensioning screw sleeve 15-6 and a taper sleeve 15-8, an anti-twisting compression spring 15-1 is compressed, the generated tension pushes a first tapered clamping jaw 15-7 to move forwards to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and then screwing a hollow bolt 15-10 to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 in the second tapered clamping jaw 15-9; and finally, removing the traction tensioning machine, cutting off the redundant prepressing steel wire rope 9, and clamping the disc spring group 4 between the movable pressing plate 7 and the floating back pressure steel plate 11 all the time.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 6-10, in the construction process or daily maintenance process of installing the damper, if the tension of the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is found to be insufficient, the tensioning thread insert 15-6 in the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 can be screwed to adjust.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, since the damper is a vertical shock isolation device in this embodiment, when the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is tensioned, the sum of the tensions of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 is greater than or equal to the static load borne by the damper, so that the two-way elastic deformation symmetry of the damper can be ensured.
Under ideal conditions, the building should not displace when the vertical waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the building through the shock isolation device. Based on the above, the working principle of the earthquake-proof shock isolation device for buildings in the embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, when the dynamic load generated by the vertical wave of the earthquake overcomes the initial stiffness of the damper, if the dynamic load pushes up the second end cap 3 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, the reaction force of the dynamic pressure plate 7 compresses the disc spring group 4 downward, and the second end cap 3 moves upward with the ground without the building moving; if the second end cover 3 is pulled down along the axis of the guide sleeve 1 by the dynamic load, the prepressing steel wire rope 9 reversely lifts the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 through the lifting bolt 10 serving as a steel wire rope direction changing element to compress the disc spring group 4 upwards, and the second end cover 3 moves downwards along with the ground, but the building still does not move. Therefore, when the ground vibrates up and down due to the longitudinal seismic wave, the disc spring set can be compressed to generate elastic deformation so as to consume energy.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 11 to 14, the damper in this embodiment is also a vertical seismic isolation device for earthquake resistance of a building, and is mainly improved on the basis of example 1 in the following points: (1) increasing the number of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 from three to six; (2) replacing the lifting eye screw 10 as a wire rope direction changing element with a U-shaped member 16; (3) the counter-pressure device is correspondingly changed to:
the back pressure device consists of six pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, six U-shaped members 16 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, six lifting bolts 10 for fixing one end of each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 for fixing the other end of each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9; wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the disc spring set 4 and the second end cover 3;
six U-shaped members 16 serving as steel wire rope direction changing elements symmetrically fix the lower surfaces, positioned in the central holes of the disc spring sets 4, of the movable pressing plates 7 of the driving members around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; referring to fig. 14, the U-shaped member 16 is formed by bending round steel, and the movable platen 7 of the driving member is provided with circular holes matched with two side edges of the U-shaped member 16 at corresponding positions where the U-shaped member 16 is arranged, the U-shaped member 16 is inserted into the circular holes, and the two are welded and fixed together;
six lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; the outer side of the second end cover 3 is provided with the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 15 at the position where the axis of the guide sleeve 1 passes through; six pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting bolt 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through an opposite U-shaped member 16 serving as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the six pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are arranged in parallel as rope bundles and pass through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position where the axis of a guide sleeve 1 on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 passes through, and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 is; a through hole 12 for penetrating the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is formed in the rope bundle penetrating position of the floating back pressure steel plate 11, and the diameter of the through hole 12 is larger than that of the rope bundle; and an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the rope bundle is formed in the position, where the rope bundle penetrates, of the second end cover 3.
The other embodiments other than the above-described embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.
The working principle of the seismic isolation device for the earthquake resistance of the building in the embodiment is the same as that in the embodiment 1, and the public can analyze the seismic isolation device by referring to the embodiment 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 15 to 17, the damper for seismic strengthening of a building structure in this example comprises a guide sleeve 1, a first end cover 2 and a second end cover 3 are respectively fixed at two ends of the guide sleeve 1, a disc spring group 4 is arranged inside the guide sleeve, and a driving member extends into the guide sleeve 1 from the center of the first end cover 2 at one end of the guide sleeve and presses on the disc spring group 4; wherein the driving member is composed of a movable platen 7 and a driving rod 17 connected with the movable platen, and the tail end of the driving rod 17 is provided with a hinge hole 18.
Referring to fig. 15, two parallel ear plates 19 connected with the second end cover 3 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the second end cover 3 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, and the tail ends of the ear plates 19 are also provided with hinge holes 18.
Referring to fig. 15-19, a back pressure device is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the back pressure device is composed of three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, three fixed pulleys 20 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, three lifting ring screws 10 for fixing one end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 for fixing the other end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9. Wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the disc spring set 4 and the second end cover 3;
three fixed pulleys 20 as steel wire rope direction changing elements symmetrically fix the lower surface of the movable platen 7 of the driving member in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; wherein the fixed pulley 20 is hinged on a bracket which is welded on the movable platen 7 of the driving member;
three lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; the outer side of the second end cover 3 is provided with the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device 15 at the position where the axis of the guide sleeve 1 passes through; the three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the central hole of the disc spring group 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting bolt 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through a fixed pulley 20 serving as a steel wire rope direction-changing element and then turns back, then the three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are arranged in parallel as rope bundles and pass through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position where the axis of a guide sleeve 1 on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 passes through, and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning; a through hole 12 for penetrating the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is formed in the rope bundle penetrating position of the floating back pressure steel plate 11, and the diameter of the through hole 12 is larger than that of the rope bundle; and an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the rope bundle is formed in the position, where the rope bundle penetrates, of the second end cover 3.
The steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 15 in the scheme is completely the same as that in the embodiment 1, and the public can refer to the embodiment 1.
Referring to fig. 15, the damper for seismic reinforcement of a building structure according to the present embodiment operates as follows: when a dynamic load larger than the designed static load is relatively acted on the driving rod 17 and the lug plate 19 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, the dynamic pressure plate 7 compresses the disc spring group 4 downwards, and the hinge holes 18 on the driving rod 17 and the lug plate 19 relatively move; when a dynamic load larger than a designed static load acts on the driving rod 17 and the lug plate 19 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1 in a reverse way, the prepressing steel wire rope 9 reversely hoists the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 through the fixed pulley 20 to compress the disc spring group 4, and the hinge holes 18 on the driving rod 17 and the lug plate 19 reversely move (at this time, the disc spring group 4 is still in a pressed state). Therefore, the axial dynamic load can compress the disc spring group 4 to cause the disc spring group to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter the axial dynamic load is oppositely or reversely acted on the back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity.
Claims (4)
1. A back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity comprises a guide sleeve, wherein one end of the guide sleeve is provided with a first end cover, the other end of the guide sleeve is provided with a second end cover, and a disc spring group is coaxially arranged inside the guide sleeve; a driving component extends into the guide sleeve from the center of the first end cover and acts on the disc spring group, wherein the disc spring group is formed by vertically overlapping a group of disc springs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the guide sleeve is also internally provided with a back pressure device which comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate is arranged between the disc spring set and the second end cover;
the steel wire rope direction changing element is symmetrically fixed on the driving component around the axis of the guide sleeve and is positioned in a central hole of the disc spring group;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-retainer assembly and annular roller paths respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular roller paths are matched with the balls in the ball-retainer assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the central holes of the disc spring groups in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope penetrates through one opposite steel wire rope direction changing element and then turns back, then all the prepressing steel wire ropes are parallel to form ropes, and the ropes pass through the floating back pressure steel plate from the point where the axis of the guide sleeve passes on the floating back pressure steel plate, and are anchored on the second end cover by a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole which penetrates through the rope bundle is arranged at the position where the rope bundle penetrates through the floating back pressure steel plate, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the rope bundle;
and tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to the tension required by setting the initial rigidity, so that the disc spring group is always clamped between the driving member and the floating back pressure steel plate.
2. The back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial stiffness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the back pressure type disc spring damper is a damper for earthquake-proof reinforcement of building structure.
3. The back pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity according to claim 1, wherein the back pressure type disc spring damper is a vertical shock isolation device for building shock resistance.
4. The back-pressure disc spring damper with adjustable initial stiffness as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the wire rope direction changing element is a fixed pulley, an eye screw or a U-shaped member.
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Denomination of invention: Counter pressure type disc spring damper with adjustable initial rigidity Effective date of registration: 20180912 Granted publication date: 20180223 Pledgee: Bank of Nanjing, Limited by Share Ltd, Nanjing branch Pledgor: NANJING DADE DAMPING TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Registration number: 2018320000178 |