CN106368343A - Sag damping cable - Google Patents
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- CN106368343A CN106368343A CN201611005051.9A CN201611005051A CN106368343A CN 106368343 A CN106368343 A CN 106368343A CN 201611005051 A CN201611005051 A CN 201611005051A CN 106368343 A CN106368343 A CN 106368343A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种垂度阻尼索。本发明垂度阻尼索，它包括主索，主索的上端与固结于结构的上锚固点连接，主索的下端与固定于地面的锚碇连接；在主索中点固结有一根吊索，该吊索大致与主索垂直，其下端连接上横梁；下横梁通过另一根吊索与地面固结或直接固结于地面；在上横梁与下横梁之间安装有阻尼器。本发明采用单主索、吊索和阻尼器结合的形式，利用结构振动使主索振动，其垂度随结构振动发生周期变化，利用主索垂度周期变化驱动阻尼器耗能，从而抑制结构振动。
The invention discloses a sag damping cable. The sag damping cable of the present invention comprises a main cable, the upper end of the main cable is connected with the upper anchorage point fixed on the structure, the lower end of the main cable is connected with the anchor fixed on the ground; The sling is roughly perpendicular to the main cable, and its lower end is connected to the upper beam; the lower beam is fixed to the ground or directly to the ground through another sling; a damper is installed between the upper beam and the lower beam. The invention adopts the form of combining single main cable, sling and damper, utilizes structural vibration to make the main cable vibrate, its sag changes periodically with the structural vibration, and utilizes the periodic change of main cable sag to drive the damper to consume energy, thereby suppressing structural vibration.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于结构减振技术领域，具体涉及一种垂度阻尼索。The invention belongs to the technical field of structure damping, and in particular relates to a sag damping cable.
背景技术Background technique
粘滞阻尼器由于其耗能能力强，工作可靠，鲁棒性好，安装方便，费用低等优点，各种各样的粘滞阻尼器被广泛应用于结构抗风和抗震。但粘滞阻尼器对结构振动进行耗能减振时，需要安装在一个与该结构有相对运动的附近的点上，通过结构与该点的相对运动驱动阻尼器的活塞杆与缸体发生往复相对运动进行耗能，从而减小结构的振动。超高层建筑在地震或风的作用下会发生较大幅度的横向震动(或振动)，现有减振技术采用调频质量阻尼器(Tune mass damper，简称TMD)进行减振，但其质量大，需要占用结构的多层空间，并且费用高。当地震来临时，由于地震持续时间短，TMD可能来不及启动。特别是悬臂施工的大跨度桥梁，桥梁合拢前的大悬臂阶段，在强风作用下会发生大幅的竖向和横向摆动，给结构和人员安全带来极大隐患。目前一般采用竖向吊杆控制竖向振动，TMD控制横向振动。Viscous dampers are widely used in structural wind and earthquake resistance because of their strong energy dissipation capacity, reliable operation, good robustness, convenient installation and low cost. However, when the viscous damper performs energy dissipation and vibration reduction on structural vibration, it needs to be installed at a point near the structure that has relative motion, and the piston rod of the damper and the cylinder are driven to reciprocate through the relative motion between the structure and the point. The relative motion dissipates energy, thereby reducing the vibration of the structure. Under the action of earthquake or wind, super high-rise buildings will experience relatively large lateral vibration (or vibration). The existing vibration reduction technology uses Tune mass damper (TMD) for vibration reduction, but its mass is large, It requires multiple layers of space in the structure and is expensive. When an earthquake comes, due to the short duration of the earthquake, TMD may not start in time. Especially for long-span bridges with cantilever construction, the large cantilever stage before the bridge is closed will undergo large vertical and lateral swings under the action of strong winds, which will bring great hidden dangers to the safety of structures and personnel. At present, the vertical boom is generally used to control the vertical vibration, and the TMD is used to control the lateral vibration.
双索复合阻尼索消除主索垂度，使之具有较大的轴向刚度，并利用主索的大轴向刚度实现在相距较远的两结构间实现减振，但其存在以下缺点：(1)其主索具有较大的轴向刚度，因副索在竖向平面内下垂，所以主索和副索的竖向刚度相对较大，而横向刚度非常小，在横向风作用下会发生较大的横向变形，导致主索拉力显著增大，从而引起结构发生较大变形。(2)结构振动时，会在其主索、副索轴向产生周期变化的张拉力，当张拉力的变化频率与主索或副索固有频率一致时，会导致主索或副索的大幅振动，给结构减振带来不利影响。(3)复合阻尼索结构相对复杂，吊杆的长度和安装位置必须预先精确计算及准确安装，后期变动的难度大。The double-cable composite damping cable eliminates the sag of the main cable, so that it has a greater axial stiffness, and uses the large axial stiffness of the main cable to achieve vibration reduction between two structures that are far apart, but it has the following disadvantages: ( 1) The main cable has a relatively large axial stiffness, because the auxiliary cable sags in the vertical plane, so the vertical stiffness of the main cable and the auxiliary cable is relatively large, while the transverse stiffness is very small, which will occur under the action of transverse wind Larger lateral deformations lead to a significant increase in the tension of the main cables, resulting in larger deformations of the structure. (2) When the structure vibrates, a periodically changing tensile force will be generated in the axial direction of the main cable and the auxiliary cable. When the change frequency of the tension force is consistent with the natural frequency of the main cable or auxiliary cable, it will cause a large Vibration has an adverse effect on structural vibration reduction. (3) The structure of the composite damping cable is relatively complicated. The length and installation position of the boom must be accurately calculated and installed in advance, and it is difficult to change later.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种安装简单，不需要消除横向风的影响，并能利用横向风的影响，增加耗能能力的垂度阻尼索。The object of the present invention is to provide a sag damping cable which is simple to install, does not need to eliminate the influence of the transverse wind, and can utilize the influence of the transverse wind to increase the energy dissipation capacity.
本发明的上述目的是通过如下的技术方案来实现的：该垂度阻尼索，它包括主索，主索的上端与固结于结构的上锚固点连接，主索的下端与固定于地面的锚碇连接；在主索中点固结有一根吊索，该吊索大致与主索垂直，其下端连接上横梁；下横梁通过另一根吊索与地面固结或直接固结于地面；在上横梁与下横梁之间安装有阻尼器。The above object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the sag damping cable comprises a main cable, the upper end of the main cable is connected with the upper anchorage point fixed on the structure, the lower end of the main cable is connected with the anchorage point fixed on the ground Anchor connection; there is a sling fixed at the midpoint of the main cable, the sling is roughly perpendicular to the main cable, and its lower end is connected to the upper beam; the lower beam is fixed to the ground or directly to the ground through another sling; A damper is installed between the upper beam and the lower beam.
进一步，当主索倾角较大时，与主索中点固结的吊索绕过一个固定于地面的定滑轮后，其下端再连接上横梁。Further, when the inclination angle of the main cable is large, the sling fixed to the midpoint of the main cable bypasses a fixed pulley fixed on the ground, and its lower end is connected to the upper beam.
进一步，为了加强阻尼索的减振效果，在上横梁与下横梁之间还安装有弹簧。Further, in order to strengthen the damping effect of the damping cable, a spring is installed between the upper beam and the lower beam.
本发明采用单主索、吊索和阻尼器结合的形式，利用结构振动使主索振动，其垂度随结构振动发生周期变化，利用主索垂度周期变化和弹簧的张拉共同驱动阻尼器耗能，从而抑制结构振动。The invention adopts the form of combining single main cable, sling and damper, utilizes structural vibration to make the main cable vibrate, its sag changes periodically with structural vibration, and utilizes the periodic change of sag of the main cable and the tension of the spring to jointly drive the damper Dissipate energy, thereby suppressing structural vibrations.
本发明的创新点主要体现在如下几点：The innovation of the present invention is mainly reflected in the following points:
(1)采用主索连接振动结构和地面，当结构发生振动时，引起主索张力发生周期性变化。(1) The main cable is used to connect the vibrating structure and the ground. When the structure vibrates, the tension of the main cable changes periodically.
(2)利用主索自身重力使主索发生下垂，通过初始索张力大小的控制，使索具有一较小的垂度；同理，对横向风力有较小的水平方向垂度。(2) Use the gravity of the main cable to sag the main cable, and control the initial cable tension so that the cable has a small sag; similarly, there is a small horizontal sag for the lateral wind force.
(3)周期性变化的主索张力，引起主索垂度大小发生周期性变化，通过垂度的周期性变化，结合吊索和弹簧的共同作用，驱动阻尼器运动耗能，耗散振动结构的机械能，从而抑制结构的振动。(3) The periodically changing tension of the main cable causes periodic changes in the sag of the main cable. Through the periodic changes in the sag, combined with the joint action of the sling and the spring, the damper is driven to move and dissipate energy, dissipating the vibration structure mechanical energy, thereby suppressing the vibration of the structure.
(4)主索小垂度可以使主索垂度变化值远大于结构振动的振幅，起到运动放大作用，增加阻尼器耗能能力。(4) The small sag of the main cable can make the sag change of the main cable much larger than the amplitude of the structural vibration, which plays a role in motion amplification and increases the energy dissipation capacity of the damper.
(5)在横向风作用下，主索发生水平垂度，此时，主索同时发生水平振动和竖直振动。参见图2，可采用图2所示的两根吊索4，可以同时抑制主索的两方向振动。图2中，11表示双向振动结构，10表示定滑轮，5表示上上横梁，6表示弹簧，7表示阻尼器，8表示下横梁。(5) Under the action of transverse wind, the main cable sags horizontally. At this time, the main cable vibrates horizontally and vertically at the same time. Referring to Fig. 2, the two slings 4 shown in Fig. 2 can be used, which can suppress the vibration of the main cable in two directions at the same time. In Fig. 2, 11 represents a two-way vibrating structure, 10 represents a fixed pulley, 5 represents an upper beam, 6 represents a spring, 7 represents a damper, and 8 represents a lower beam.
(6)与现有采用轴向运动驱动阻尼器的阻尼索相比，本发明安装简单，不需要消除横向风的影响，并能利用横向风的影响，增加耗能能力。(6) Compared with the existing damping cable which adopts axial movement to drive the damper, the present invention is simple to install, does not need to eliminate the influence of transverse wind, and can utilize the influence of transverse wind to increase energy consumption capacity.
(7)在需要的情况下，增大主索张力后，主索还能具有水平抗风缆的性能，减小结构在静风作用下的变形，因此，本发明能同时具有减小结构在静风下的变形能力，及结构受风作用的风致振动。(7) When needed, after increasing the tension of the main cable, the main cable can also have the performance of a horizontal wind-resistant cable and reduce the deformation of the structure under the action of static wind. Deformation capacity under static wind, and wind-induced vibration of the structure under the action of wind.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例1的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图2是本发明应用时的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present invention.
图3是本发明变形应用时的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when it is deformed and applied.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
参见图1，以输电塔等高耸结构减振为例，高耸结构在大风作用下发生振动(一般为结构左右摇摆)，简化为图1所示的振动结构1。从图1中可见，主索2的上端与固结于振动结构1的上锚固点9连接，主索2的下端与固定于地面的锚碇3连接。主索2在自身重力或风力作用下发生下垂或横向变形，偏离主索2上、下锚固点的直连线，一般情况下主索2中点到直连线的距离最大，现将这最大距离称为垂度。随着主索2张力的增大，主索2垂度减小。从图1中还可见，在主索2的中点固结吊索4，吊索4大致与主索2垂直，吊索4绕过固定于地面的定滑轮10后(对于主索2倾角较小的情况，可以不加定滑轮10)，其下端连接上横梁5；下横梁8通过另一吊索与地面固结，或直接固结于地面；在上横梁5与下横梁8间并联安装弹簧6和阻尼器7。Referring to Figure 1, taking the vibration reduction of a towering structure such as a transmission tower as an example, the towering structure vibrates under the action of a strong wind (usually the structure swings from side to side), which is simplified to the vibration structure 1 shown in Figure 1. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the upper end of the main cable 2 is connected to the upper anchor point 9 fixed on the vibrating structure 1, and the lower end of the main cable 2 is connected to the anchorage 3 fixed on the ground. The main cable 2 sags or deforms laterally under the action of its own gravity or wind force, and deviates from the straight line connecting the upper and lower anchor points of the main cable 2. Generally, the distance from the midpoint of the main cable 2 to the straight line is the largest, and now the maximum The distance is called sag. As the tension of the main cable 2 increases, the sag of the main cable 2 decreases. It can also be seen from Fig. 1 that the sling 4 is consolidated at the midpoint of the main cable 2, the sling 4 is roughly perpendicular to the main cable 2, and after the sling 4 bypasses the fixed pulley 10 fixed on the ground (for the main cable 2, the inclination angle is relatively small) In small cases, the fixed pulley 10) may not be added, and its lower end is connected to the upper beam 5; the lower beam 8 is fixed to the ground through another sling, or directly fixed to the ground; it is installed in parallel between the upper beam 5 and the lower beam 8 Spring 6 and damper 7.
当振动结构1向左振动时，主索2上、下锚固点的直连线距离增大，主索2张紧，其垂度减小，主索2中点上移；拉动吊索4向上运动，吊索4拉伸阻尼器7和弹簧6，阻尼器7在变形过程中耗能。When the vibrating structure 1 vibrates to the left, the distance of the line connecting the upper and lower anchor points of the main cable 2 increases, the main cable 2 is tensioned, its sag decreases, and the midpoint of the main cable 2 moves upward; pull the sling 4 upward In motion, the sling 4 stretches the damper 7 and the spring 6, and the damper 7 dissipates energy during deformation.
当振动结构1向右振动时，主索2上、下锚固点的直连线距离减小，主索2松弛，其垂度增大，主索2中点下移；弹簧6拉动吊索4向下运动，阻尼器6被压缩，阻尼器6在变形过程中耗能。When the vibrating structure 1 vibrates to the right, the distance between the upper and lower anchor points of the main cable 2 decreases, the main cable 2 relaxes, its sag increases, and the midpoint of the main cable 2 moves down; the spring 6 pulls the sling 4 Moving downward, the damper 6 is compressed, and the damper 6 dissipates energy during deformation.
以上实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明，本发明还可以有其它的变形、变换和应用，比如：The above embodiments are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can also have other deformations, transformations and applications, such as:
(1)可将阻尼器撤除，直接变为斜向张拉抗风缆。(1) The damper can be removed to directly become an obliquely tensioned wind-resistant cable.
(2)如果阻尼器能利用自身重力或其它力作用实现自动复位或部分复位，弹簧也可以撤除，不影响阻尼索的减振效果。(2) If the damper can use its own gravity or other forces to realize automatic reset or partial reset, the spring can also be removed without affecting the damping effect of the damper cable.
(3)阻尼器改用其它耗能装置，同样可现实结构减振耗能。(3) The damper is replaced by other energy-dissipating devices, which can also realize structural vibration reduction and energy consumption.
(4)改变主索倾角，阻尼索可对结构竖向振动和横向振动实现分别减振或同时减振。(4) By changing the inclination angle of the main cable, the damping cable can reduce the vertical vibration and lateral vibration of the structure separately or simultaneously.
(5)参见图3，对于结构竖向振动，可去除主索2，吊索4直接连接于竖向振动结构12上，如图3中的右索所示。或主索2竖向张拉，吊索4与主索2成一夹角斜向张拉，如图3中的左索所示。(5) Referring to Figure 3, for the vertical vibration of the structure, the main cable 2 can be removed, and the sling 4 is directly connected to the vertical vibration structure 12, as shown in the right cable in Figure 3. Or the main cable 2 is stretched vertically, and the sling 4 and the main cable 2 are stretched obliquely at an angle, as shown in the left cable in Fig. 3 .
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109441730A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-08 | 上海电气风电集团有限公司 | Tower frame shock absorbing device and pylon including it |
| CN109441730B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2024-08-13 | 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司 | Tower vibration damper and tower comprising same |
| CN110649551A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-03 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of inertia amplification type transmission line vibration damping and damping cable |
| CN113585072A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-02 | 湖南科技大学 | Sliding damping cable vibration damper |
| CN113585072B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-10-28 | 湖南科技大学 | Sliding damping cable vibration damper |
| CN113685485A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-23 | 湖南科技大学 | Double-layer cantilever support self-anchored flexible tower mast structure vibration damping cable |
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