CN106365542B - Sulfate-resistant concrete and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Sulfate-resistant concrete and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106365542B CN106365542B CN201610788953.8A CN201610788953A CN106365542B CN 106365542 B CN106365542 B CN 106365542B CN 201610788953 A CN201610788953 A CN 201610788953A CN 106365542 B CN106365542 B CN 106365542B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2015—Sulfate resistance
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic concrete, and particularly relates to sulfate-resistant concrete and a construction method thereof. The sulfate-resistant concrete eliminates the influence of powder particles contained in concrete aggregate and gypsum powder doped in cement on polycarboxylic acid by adjusting the mixing proportion of the concrete, so that the influence of the 'false set' phenomenon after the concrete is mixed on the pumpability and the working performance of the concrete is eliminated, the working performance of the sulfate-resistant concrete reaches the standard of common concrete, and the air bubbles can be eliminated by adopting the conventional means for forming the sulfate-resistant concrete. The construction method adopts the mixing sequence of adding the aggregates after stirring the gypsum powder-doped cement mortar in a delayed way, reduces the water lag reaction phenomenon during the concrete forming, and changes the situation that the mortar concentration is too high in the vibrating process and the slurry discharged from the concrete is not easy to crack when the concrete is mixed according to the normal adding sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic concrete, and particularly relates to sulfate-resistant concrete and a construction method thereof.
Background
The mechanism of the sulfuric acid corrosion concrete is that sulfate permeates into a concrete structure along with water and grows in a crystallization mode or main minerals and cement stone bodies react chemically under certain conditions to corrode hardened cement stones, and generated sulfuric acid double salts are deposited in concrete pores and capillaries and generate obvious internal stress to cause concrete cracking. Sulfate (SO 4)2-) The gradual deterioration of concrete performance caused by external infiltration into concrete structure is a complex physical and chemical process, which is influenced by many factors, including internal factors and external factors, wherein the internal factors are the water-cement ratio, porosity, cement variety and dosage, aggregate variety and additive of concrete, and the external factors are the sulfate corrosion environmental characteristics of concrete, such as cation type and SO42-Concentration, solution temperature, and pH of the etching solution, among others. Intrinsic cause influences the compactness of concrete, calcium aluminate hydrate and Ca (OH)2Levels to affect sulfate attack; the external factors mainly influence the deterioration speed of the concrete by influencing the occurrence conditions and mechanisms of sulfate reaction due to SO4 in the environment2-The concentration, the temperature and the pH are different, if the water level changes, the concrete can be in a dry-wet circulating environment state, so that the concrete is different in the form of being damaged by sulfate in the actual engineering. In addition, the mechanism of concrete failure varies with the pH of the aggressive solution and the ambient temperature and conditions.
The current effective measures for preventing the corrosion adopt sulfate-resistant cement, and also adopt technical measures of improving the compactness of concrete, blending granulated blast furnace slag powder, gypsum powder, fly ash and the like in common portland cement, and admixtures such as gypsum ash and the like can be filled among cement particles, so that the workability of the concrete is improved, the viscosity of cement paste is increased, and the compactness of pouring is improved.
In the process of mixing and pouring concrete by gypsum powder-doped sulfate-resistant cement, a large amount of bubbles generated in the concrete cannot be removed, so that the engineering construction quality is influenced, when yellow is introduced into the inverted siphon concrete of the gold dike river of the Ji lake-fill engineering to adopt sulfate-resistant construction, the mixing proportion is adjusted on site for many times and pouring is simulated, but a large amount of bubbles still exist on the surface of the concrete. The problems and the treatment difficulty existing in the test process mainly have the following aspects:
1. after the concrete is mixed, the viscosity of the mortar is obviously higher than that of the common concrete, the fluidity and the expansibility of the concrete are smaller, the vibration difficulty of the concrete is increased, and the compaction requirement cannot be met by adopting a conventional vibration method; after the reinforced vibration is carried out, not only the compaction requirement cannot be met, but also the over-vibration influences the concrete strength;
2. in the vibrating process of the concrete, after bubbles rise to the surface of the concrete from the inside of the concrete, the bubbles need to be broken by manual assistance due to large surface tension of the bubbles, so that not only is the construction difficulty and cost increased, but also the construction quality cannot be ensured;
3. after the concrete is stirred, a false set image is easily generated, and after the concrete is stirred and stands for 5-10min, the slump loss of the concrete is about 6cm, so that the construction speed of pumping the concrete is seriously influenced.
4. When concrete is poured at the axillary corner of the inverted siphon bottom plate, because of the difficulty in air entraining through manual assistance, a large amount of bubbles and water bubbles still exist in the concrete forming process after a plurality of technological improvements, and the appearance quality of the concrete is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides sulfate-resistant concrete which is prepared by stirring cement, fly ash, sand, small stone, medium stone, a water reducing agent and an air entraining agent with water, wherein the total amount of the water is 156kg/m3The total amount of cement is 332kg/m3The total amount of the fly ash is 58kg/m3The total amount of sand is 714kg/m3The total amount of small stones is 504kg/m3The total amount of the medium stones is 616kg/m3The total amount of the naphthalene series water reducing agent is 7.41kg/m3And the total amount of the air entraining agent is 0.02kg/m3. The properties of the cement paste viscosity of the concrete are improved so that the surface tension of the air bubbles is reduced to be self-ruptured.
Furthermore, the cement contains 10% of gypsum powder.
The invention also provides a construction method of the sulfate-resistant concrete, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing sulfate-resistant concrete, namely premixing water and cement, adding fly ash and sand, mixing to prepare cement mortar, and adding small stone, medium stone, an air entraining agent and a naphthalene water reducing agent until the concrete mixture is uniformly mixed;
and 2, pouring sulfate-resistant concrete, namely pouring the chamfer position of the box culvert in two layers, wherein the height of each layer is 30-50cm, standing for 1-2 hours after pouring the concrete of the first layer, and vibrating when the sinking speed is in a creep state in the vibrating process of the concrete.
Further, before concrete pouring is carried out on the box culvert chamfer position, the template used on the chamfer position is coated with template cloth.
Further, the total amount of water in step 1 was 156kg/m3The total amount of cement is 332kg/m3The total amount of the fly ash is 58kg/m3The total amount of sand is 714kg/m3The total amount of small stones is 504kg/m3The total amount of the medium stones is 616kg/m3The total amount of the naphthalene series water reducing agent is 7.41kg/m3And the total amount of the air entraining agent is 0.02kg/m3。
Further, the total time for mixing the sulfate-resistant concrete in the step 1 is 3 min.
Further, the total time for stirring the cement mortar in the step 1 is 3 min.
Further, the medium stones, the small stones, the water reducing agent and the foaming agent in the step 1 are stirred for at least 1min, wherein the maximum particle sizes of the small stones and the medium stones are respectively 30mm and 40 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sulfate-resistant concrete eliminates the influence of powder particles contained in concrete aggregate and gypsum powder doped in cement on polycarboxylic acid by adjusting the mixing proportion of the concrete, eliminates the influence of the false set phenomenon after the concrete is mixed on the pumpability and the working performance of the concrete, and ensures that the working performance of the sulfate-resistant concrete reaches the standard of common concrete, thereby the air bubbles can be eliminated by adopting the conventional means for forming the sulfate-resistant concrete.
2. The construction method adopts the mixing sequence of adding the aggregates after stirring the gypsum powder-doped cement mortar in a delayed way, reduces the water lag reaction phenomenon during the concrete forming, and changes the situation that the mortar concentration is too high in the vibrating process and the slurry discharged from the concrete is not easy to crack when the concrete is mixed according to the normal adding sequence.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The sulfate-resistant concrete provided by the invention is prepared by stirring cement, fly ash, sand, small stone, medium stone, a water reducing agent and an air entraining agent with water, wherein the total amount of the water is 156kg/m3The total amount of cement is 332kg/m3The total amount of the fly ash is 58kg/m3The total amount of sand is 714kg/m3The total amount of small stones is 504kg/m3The total amount of the medium stones is 616kg/m3The total amount of the naphthalene series water reducing agent is 7.41kg/m3And the total amount of the air entraining agent is 0.02kg/m3. The properties of the viscosity of the mixed concrete slurry are improved so that the surface tension of the air bubbles is reduced and the air bubbles are automatically broken.
The grade and the type of the concrete adopted by the invention are C30, W6F150 pumping; slump is 140-160 mm; 4.50-5.50% of gas; the maximum particle sizes of the small stone and the medium stone are respectively 30mm and 40 mm.
In the prior art, the sulfate-resistant concrete comprises cement, fly ash, sand, small stone, medium stone, a water reducing agent and an air entraining agent, and is prepared by stirring the following raw materials in proportion: the total amount of water was 156kg/m3The total amount of cement is 332kg/m3The total amount of the fly ash is 58kg/m3The total amount of sand is 714kg/m3The total amount of small stones is 504kg/m3The total amount of the medium stones is 616kg/m3The total amount of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 3.9kg/m3And the total amount of the air entraining agent is 0.02kg/m3. Standing for 5-10min after mixing, the slump loss of the concrete is about 6cmAnd the construction speed of pumping concrete is seriously influenced.
Example 2
The invention relates to a construction method of sulfate-resistant concrete, which comprises the following steps,
step 1, mixing the sulfate-resistant concrete, wherein the total amount is 156kg/m3Water in a total amount of 332kg/m3The cement is premixed, and the total amount of the added cement is 58kg/m3The total amount of the fly ash is 714kg/m3The sand is mixed into cement mortar, so that gypsum powder in the cement fully absorbs water and swells, the cement mortar is mixed for 2min, and then the total amount of the mixture is added to be 504kg/m3Of small stones, a total amount of 616kg/m3Stirring the medium stones for 1 min; the total amount of the additive added in the concrete mixing process is 0.02kg/m3The total amount of air entraining agent(s) is 7.41kg/m3And (3) adding the naphthalene water reducer into the concrete mixture until the mixture is uniform.
The sulfate-resistant concrete is influenced by gypsum powder doped in cement, the slump loss after the concrete is mixed is overlarge, the construction progress of pumping concrete is influenced, pipes are extremely easy to block in the pumping process, cold joints on the surface of a bin are easy to form, and quality accidents are caused. In order to relieve the influence of slump loss after concrete mixing, the feeding sequence and the mixing time are adjusted during concrete mixing. Firstly mixing to prepare cement slurry or cement mortar for 2min to ensure that gypsum powder in the cement fully absorbs water and swells, then adding medium and small stones, and then mixing for 1min to ensure that the phenomenon of 'false setting' of the mortar in the concrete is changed into the phenomenon of 'flocculation' after swelling, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the viscosity of the mortar.
The value of the concrete mixing time is controlled to be 3min, the time is short, gypsum particles in the mortar absorb water insufficiently, and water is only free among the particles to influence subsequent construction. In order to eliminate the influence, water and cement are reacted in advance, but during actual construction, when a mixer is adopted to mix cement paste, the paste leakage phenomenon is easy to occur in a mixing bin, so during mixing, after the water and the cement are mixed, sand is quickly added, after cement mortar is prepared, small stones and medium stones are added, and the total mixing time set on the mixer is controlled according to 3 min.
And 2, pouring the sulfate-resistant concrete, namely pouring the chamfer part of the box culvert in two layers, wherein the height of each layer is 30-50cm, standing the concrete for 1-2 hours after the concrete enters the chamfer part of the box culvert when the first layer of concrete is poured, and vibrating the concrete when the sinking speed is in a creep state in the vibrating process of the concrete.
In the actual work progress, through observing box culvert chamfer position concrete and vibrate the observation, be the mobile state when discovering this position concrete and vibrate, can not effectively get rid of the interior bubble of concrete, when having proposed and pouring the first layer concrete of upper strata at the chamfer position, the concrete is stood 1 ~ 2 hours earlier after putting in storage, vibrates the scheme again when the in-process rate of sinking of concrete vibration is the creep state, when realizing the chamfer position and vibrate, the discharge of the inside bubble of concrete.
Further, before concrete pouring is carried out on the box culvert chamfer position, the template used on the chamfer position is coated with template cloth. When the concrete is finally solidified, the purposes of water absorption and defoaming of the template cloth are achieved, and the moisture-preserving and curing effects are achieved after the concrete is solidified.
Application example of the construction method of the invention
The sulfate-resistant concrete and the construction method are successfully applied to sulfate-resistant concrete construction of yellow-lead-in-wing-supplement-precipitation engineering gold dike inverted siphon engineering, and the building is put into operation and has good effect.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A construction method of sulfate-resistant concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing the sulfate-resistant concrete, wherein the mixed sulfate-resistant concrete comprises C30, W6F150, slump of 140-160mm and gas content of 4.50-5.50%, the maximum particle sizes of the small stone and the medium stone are respectively 30mm and 40mm, and the total mixing time is 3And min, premixing water and cement, stirring the cement and the water for 3min, adding fly ash and sand, stirring to prepare cement mortar, adding small stone, medium stone, air entraining agent and naphthalene water reducing agent until the concrete is stirred for 1min, wherein the total amount of water is 156kg/m3The total amount of cement is 332kg/m3The total amount of the fly ash is 58kg/m3The total amount of sand is 714kg/m3The total amount of small stones is 504kg/m3The total amount of the medium stones is 616kg/m3The total amount of the naphthalene series water reducing agent is 7.41kg/m3And the total amount of the air entraining agent is 0.02kg/m3The cement contains 10% of gypsum powder;
step 2, before concrete pouring of the box culvert chamfer position, covering formwork cloth on a formwork used for the chamfer position;
and 3, pouring sulfate-resistant concrete, pouring the chamfer part of the box culvert in two layers, wherein the height of each layer is 30-50cm, standing for 1-2 hours after the concrete is poured when the first layer of concrete is poured, and vibrating when the sinking speed is in a creep state in the concrete vibrating process.
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| CN109809722B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-06-25 | 中南大学 | Calcium-magnesium sulfate double-salt cementing material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114474363A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-13 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Method for eliminating prestressed cement paste pseudo setting, cement paste and pseudo setting test method thereof |
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| KR101086240B1 (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-23 | 진서건설(주) | Composition of sulphate resistance polymer repair mortar |
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| CN100429169C (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2008-10-29 | 中国建筑材料科学研究院 | Novel high sulfur-resistant cement |
| CN100560533C (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2009-11-18 | 河北省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Anti-cracking concrete for inverted siphon construction |
| CN101269937A (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2008-09-24 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Maritime work concrete and construction method |
| CN101412606B (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2011-09-14 | 水利部交通部电力工业部南京水利科学研究院 | Concrete containing low-quality coarse aggregate and preparation thereof |
| CN103553500A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 中国电力工程顾问集团东北电力设计院 | Corrosion resistant cast-in-place pile concrete in high and cold soft ground regions |
| CN104671729B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-02-01 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Sulfate-resistant concrete |
| CN105666687B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-05-18 | 中交一公局桥隧工程有限公司 | Prestressing force Reactive Powder Concrete box girder construction technique |
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| KR101086240B1 (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-23 | 진서건설(주) | Composition of sulphate resistance polymer repair mortar |
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