CN106335049B - A kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving - Google Patents

A kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106335049B
CN106335049B CN201611035785.1A CN201611035785A CN106335049B CN 106335049 B CN106335049 B CN 106335049B CN 201611035785 A CN201611035785 A CN 201611035785A CN 106335049 B CN106335049 B CN 106335049B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hip joint
pulley
pneumatic muscles
pneumatic
power assisting
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201611035785.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106335049A (en
Inventor
孟德远
张凯
李艾民
陈飞
冯世哲
杨善国
张海运
刘送永
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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Priority to CN201611035785.1A priority Critical patent/CN106335049B/en
Publication of CN106335049A publication Critical patent/CN106335049A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106335049B publication Critical patent/CN106335049B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/0006Exoskeletons, i.e. resembling a human figure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/14Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/14Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements fluid
    • B25J9/142Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements fluid comprising inflatable bodies

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting devices of pneumatic muscles driving, including control cabinet, back device, lumbar device, lower devices and the foot device being sequentially connected;Lumbar device includes rotating member and elongate member, and rotating member provides an auxiliary degree of freedom and is simultaneously equipped with safe spacing gear button, and the length of lumbar device can be adjusted by changing cooperation between the hole of elongate member;Lower devices are double to pulling structure using the pneumatic muscles of pulley wire cord type, pull steel wire rope by two pneumatic muscles antithesis, drive pulley rotation to realize joint drive using the frictional force of flexible wire ropes and pulley room;Control cabinet is according to each articulation of motion intention closed-loop control of operating personnel, to drive leg exercise to reach power-assisted purpose.The present invention has many advantages, such as simple in structure, size adjustable, flexibly safe and stable reliable, can effectively improve the bearing capacity and control accuracy of power assisting device, and dress easy to maintain, cost-effective, clean environment firendly.

Description

A kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting devices of pneumatic muscles driving, belong to pneumatics and flexible dermoskeleton Bone robot field.
Background technology
Flexible exoskeleton robot is that one kind is worn and is attached to operator, provides body-support, movement auxiliary for it and helps The electromechanical integrated device of the functions such as power.Wherein, assistance exoskeleton robot is used to provide power-assisted and machine to the normal people of activity It can amplify, be with a wide range of applications in military affairs, the disaster relief, medical treatment etc..
Flexible exoskeleton power assisting device mainly uses motor or hydraulic-driven, motor driving that can directly make both at home and abroad at present It is embedded in ectoskeleton for joint, has many advantages, such as that easy to control, control accuracy is high, but its power weight ratio is smaller, limited weight Motor be difficult to undertake relatively large load.And there is hydraulic-driven larger power weight ratio, smaller driving element can carry Larger load is the main type of drive of current military ectoskeleton power assisting device, but it is easy to happen leakage and working efficiency It is low, energy expenditure is big, the sustainable working time is short, system requirement on machining accuracy is high, expensive.
Compared with conventional motors, hydraulic-driven, pneumatic muscles are a kind of ideal execution of ectoskeleton power assisting device Device:First, the working media of air pressure driving is friendly to environment and human body, has light-weight, cheap, easy care of component etc. Advantage;Secondly, not only had based on bionic class people muscle-pneumatic muscles power-volume ratio for comparing favourably with hydraulic cylinder and Power weight ratio, and its force-displacement relationship characteristic it is similar to human muscular's characteristic and have good compliance.
Therefore, those skilled in the art is dedicated to developing a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving, The driving of flexible exoskeleton is realized to pulling structure using the pneumatic muscles pair of pulley wire cord type.
Invention content
Goal of the invention:In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is provided under a kind of pneumatic muscles driving Limb ectoskeleton power assisting device, have many advantages, such as simple in structure, size adjustable, flexibly it is safe and stable reliable, power-assisted can be effectively improved The bearing capacity and control accuracy of device, and it is convenient for installation and maintenance, cost is relatively low, clean environment firendly.
Technical solution:To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving, including the control cabinet, back device, the waist that are sequentially connected Part device, lower devices and foot device;
Wherein, lumbar device include two matched hip joint extending-boards, two identical hip joint fixed plates, two Identical hip joint swivel plate and two identical hip joint connecting plates;The inside of two hip joint extending-boards is opposed to be connected, and leads to Cross the Telescopic Fixed of inner hole two hip joint extending-boards of realization of different location;Two hip joint fixed plates are symmetrically fixed In being respectively provided on the outer end of two hip joint extending-boards, each hip joint fixed plate, there are two symmetrical hip joint rotary stoppers to keep off Button;The inner end of two hip joint swivel plates is hinged with the outer end of two hip joint fixed plates respectively, and is rotated and limited by hip joint Position gear is detained to limit the slewing area of each hip joint swivel plate;The outer end of two hip joint swivel plates passes through Limiting hinge respectively It is connected with two hip joint connecting plates, the rotational angle of Limiting hinge meets the motion range at human thigh's hip joint.
Distance by adjusting two hip joint extending-boards adjusts the lateral length of lumbar device, to adapt to different physique Crowd;Hip joint rotary stopper gear button is provided at hip joint rotating mechanism, and Limiting hinge also limits rotational angle, effectively The safety for improving device prevents the rotation of ectoskeleton from being damaged to human body beyond human body limit.
Lower devices include two identical big leg devices and two identical lower-leg devices, and big leg device and shank fill The structure set is identical comprising pulley, pulley spindle, flexible steel cable, two pneumatic muscles, telescopic supporting rod and connecting rod;It is described to stretch Contracting supporting rod is arranged by two sections of supporting rods, and the junction of two sections of supporting rods is provided with buckle with regular length;Pulley spindle Along the upper end for being radially disposed at telescopic supporting rod of telescopic supporting rod, the lower end of telescopic supporting rod is perpendicularly fixed in the middle part of connecting rod; Pulley is installed on by rolling bearing on pulley spindle, and the both ends of each pneumatic muscles are both provided with earrings;Flexible steel cable bypasses Pulley and both ends are connected with the earrings of two pneumatic muscles upper ends respectively, the earrings of two pneumatic muscles lower ends respectively with connecting rod Both ends are hinged;Rotation by the telescopic band movable pulley of two pneumatic muscles relative to pulley spindle, that is, telescopic supporting rod phase Rotation for pulley;
The pulley of two big leg device is separately fixed on two hip joint connecting plates, the pulley difference of two lower-leg devices It is fixed on the telescopic supporting rod bottom of two big leg device.
Lower devices are double to pulling structure using the pneumatic muscles of pulley wire cord type, pass through two pneumatic muscles antithesis controls Make an articulation, both ends are separately connected steel wire rope and connecting rod, when work control one shorten, another elongation, utilize The frictional force of flexible wire ropes and pulley room drives pulley rotation to realize joint drive.Compared with link mechanism, advocated It concentrates on a steel cord, stress is more uniform, improves reliability and the safety of device;And in the case of load excessive, Slipping phenomenon can occur for wire rope pulley, play overload protective function.And this connection type can be replaced using different model Pneumatic muscles, it is simple and fast.
Preferably, the control cabinet includes babinet, and the gentle dynamic three linked piece of controller, pneumatic valve group is provided in babinet;Control Device processed transmits control signal to pneumatic valve group, and pneumatic triple piece is connected by pneumatic valve group with eight pneumatic muscles.
Preferably, the back device includes that backboard and flexible shoulder strap, flexible shoulder strap are fixed on backboard;Control cabinet is fixed On rear side of backboard, backboard bottom is connected by connecting plate with hip joint extending-board.
Preferably, the foot device includes two soles, and bearing and shaft, two soles are both provided on each sole It is hinged with the telescopic supporting rod bottom of two lower-leg devices respectively by the structure of bearing and shaft.Pass through sole and rotating mechanism It ensure that stability and the flexibility of power assisting device.
Power assisting device is fixed by upper body shoulder strap and lower limb bandage with operating personnel, is closed according to the motion intention of operating personnel Ring controls each articulation, to drive leg exercise to reach power-assisted purpose.
Preferably, it is both provided with angle sensor on the pulley of described two big leg devices and the pulley of two lower-leg devices Device, angular transducer transmit detection signal to controller, to constitute feedback control system, effectively improve the control of power assisting device Precision.
Advantageous effect:The lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of a kind of pneumatic muscles driving provided by the invention, relative to existing Technology has the following advantages:1, the configuration of the present invention is simple, it is reliable and stable, effectively increase bearing capacity and the control of power assisting device Precision processed, and dress easy to maintain, cost-effective, clean environment firendly;2, the present invention is provided with three degree of freedom, knee at hip joint Joint one degree of freedom, ankle-joint one degree of freedom can complete Various Complex action, flexible and changeable and size adjustable;3, it adopts With the type of drive of pneumatic muscles, have many advantages, such as that light weight, price be low, easy care, avoiding hydraulic-driven may oil leak Situation also compensates for the shortcomings of motor drives the torque provided insufficient, and safe and reliable, compliance is fabulous.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of general structure schematic diagram of the lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of lumbar device in a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving of the present invention Figure;
Fig. 3 is the knot of lower devices active unit in a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving of the present invention Structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of control cabinet in a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving of the present invention Figure;
Figure includes:1, control cabinet, 2, back device, 3, lumbar device, 4, lower devices, 5, foot device, 3-1, hip Joint extending-board, 3-2, hip joint fixed plate, 3-3, hip joint rotary stopper gear button, 3-4, hip joint swivel plate, 3-5, limit Hinge, 3-6, hip joint connecting plate, 4-1, pulley, 4-2, flexible steel cable, 4-3, earrings, 4-4, telescopic supporting rod, 4-5, buckle, 4-6, pneumatic muscles, 4-7, connecting rod, 4-8, pulley spindle, 1-1, babinet, 1-2, pneumatic valve group, 1-3, pneumatic triple piece.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
It is as shown in Figure 1 a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving, including the control cabinet being sequentially connected 1, back device 2, lumbar device 3, lower devices 4 and foot device 5;
As shown in Fig. 2, lumbar device 3 is solid including two matched hip joint extending-board 3-1, two identical hip joints Fixed board 3-2, two identical hip joint swivel plate 3-4 and two identical hip joint connecting plate 3-6;Two hip joint extending-boards The inside of 3-1 is opposed to be connected, and realizes that two hip joint extending-board 3-1's is Telescopic Fixed by the inner hole of different location, from And adjust the lateral length of lumbar device 3;Two hip joint fixed plate 3-2 are symmetrically fixed on two hip joint extending-board 3-1 Outer end, be respectively provided with that there are two symmetrical hip joint rotary stopper gear button 3-3 on each hip joint fixed plate 3-2;Two hips close The inner end for saving swivel plate 3-4 is hinged with the outer end of two hip joint fixed plate 3-2 respectively, and is kept off and being detained by hip joint rotary stopper 3-3 ensures the safe rotational angle range of each hip joint swivel plate 3-4;The outer end difference of two hip joint swivel plate 3-4 It is connected with two hip joint connecting plate 3-6 by Limiting hinge 3-5, hip joint connecting plate 3-6 and the cooperation of Limiting hinge 3-5 are answered Meet the mounting axis of axis of movement and Limiting hinge 3-5 at human thigh as possible in same position.
As shown in figure 3, lower devices 4 include two identical big leg devices and two identical lower-leg devices, and thigh Device is identical with the structure of lower-leg device comprising pulley 4-1, pulley spindle 4-8, flexible steel cable 4-2, two pneumatic muscles 4-6, Telescopic supporting rod 4-4 and connecting rod 4-7;The telescopic supporting rod 4-4 is arranged by two sections of supporting rods, and the company of two sections of supporting rods The place of connecing is provided with buckle 4-5 with regular length, so as to adjust the length of lower devices 4;Pulley spindle 4-8 is along telescopic supporting rod 4-4 The upper end for being radially disposed at telescopic supporting rod 4-4, the lower end of telescopic supporting rod 4-4 is perpendicularly fixed in the middle part of connecting rod 4-7;Pulley 4-1 is installed on by rolling bearing on pulley spindle 4-8, and the both ends of each pneumatic muscles 4-6 are both provided with earrings 4-3, earrings 4-3 is connected through a screw thread the end for being fixed on pneumatic muscles 4-6;Flexible steel cable 4-2 around pulley 4-1 and both ends respectively with two The earrings 4-3 of the upper ends pneumatic muscles 4-6 is connected, the both ends with connecting rod 4-7 respectively the earrings 4-3 of two lower ends pneumatic muscles 4-6 Pass through bolted splice;Rotation by the telescopic band movable pulley 4-1 of two pneumatic muscles 4-6 relative to pulley spindle 4-8, that is, Rotations of the telescopic supporting rod 4-4 relative to pulley 4-1;
The pulley 4-1 of two big leg device is bolted on respectively on two hip joint connecting plate 3-6, two shanks The pulley 4-1 of device is bolted on the bottoms telescopic supporting rod 4-4 of two big leg device respectively.
As shown in figure 4, the control cabinet 1 includes babinet 1-1, be provided in babinet 1-1 controller, pneumatic valve group 1-2 and Pneumatic triple piece 1-3;Controller transmits control signal to pneumatic valve group 1-2, and pneumatic triple piece 1-3 is by pneumatic valve group 1-2 It is connected with eight pneumatic muscles 4-6.Specifically, the air inlet of the pneumatic triple piece 1-3 by tracheae connect air source, pneumatic three The gas outlet of connection part 1-3 connects the air inlet of pneumatic valve group 1-2 by tracheae, eight gas outlets of pneumatic valve group 1-2 respectively with The air inlet connection of eight pneumatic muscles 4-6.Proportional pressure valve, proportional flow control valve, high-speed switch valve can be used in pneumatic valve group 1-2 And proportional direction valve.
In the present embodiment, the back device 2 includes backboard, flexible shoulder strap, bogie plate and reinforcing rib, and bogie plate is by adding Strengthening tendons are fixed on backboard, and flexible shoulder strap is fixed on backboard;Control cabinet 1 is fixed on rear side of backboard, and backboard bottom passes through connection Plate is connected with hip joint extending-board 3-1.
In the present embodiment, the foot device 5 includes two soles, is both provided with bearing and shaft on each sole, and two A sole is hinged with the bottoms telescopic supporting rod 4-4 of two lower-leg devices respectively by the structure of bearing and shaft.
In the present embodiment, it is both provided on the pulley 4-1 of the pulley 4-1 of described two big leg devices and two lower-leg devices Angular transducer, angular transducer transmit detection signal to controller.Angular transducer uses optical rotary encoder, encoder Connector is bolted with pulley 4-1, and optical rotary encoder is fixed on encoder connector, optical rotary encoder Pass through open circles column sleeve, positioning pin connection with pulley spindle 4-8.
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is as follows:
1, the power assisting device is fixed by flexible shoulder strap and lower limb bandage and operating personnel, according to the build of operating personnel The lateral length of lumbar device 3 and the length of each telescopic supporting rod 4-4 are set, the wearing of power assisting device is completed;
2, booting prepares, and controller controls the air inlet of pneumatic muscles 4-6, the pneumatic flesh of respective sides by pneumatic valve group 1-2 Each self-expanding/contractions of meat 4-6 make flexible steel cable 4-2 be exactly in the state of tensioning up to the half to specified elongation;
3, controller obtains the angle that need to be rotated at thigh bar or shank bar joint according to given human motion signal of intent Then degree calculates each pneumatic muscles 4-6 and needs the length elongated or shortened and calculate outlet according to controller internal algorithm The controlled quentity controlled variable of dynamic muscle 4-6;
4, controller makes pneumatic muscles 4-6 inflations in side shrink by controlling pneumatic valve group 1-2, other side pneumatic muscles 4- 6, which deflate, extends, and shrinkage is consistent with the elongation moment;The flexible pulling flexible wire ropes of pneumatic muscles 4-6 and by rubbing Power band movable pulley 4-1 rotations are wiped, since pulley 4-1 is fixed, according to relative motion, pneumatic muscles 4-6 and steel wire rope 4-2 drives are stretched Contracting supporting rod 4-4, pulley spindle 4-8 are rotated around pulley 4-1, to reach power-assisted purpose.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that:For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving, which is characterized in that including the control cabinet being sequentially connected (1), back device (2), lumbar device (3), lower devices (4) and foot device (5);
Wherein, lumbar device (3) includes two matched hip joint extending-boards (3-1), two identical hip joint fixed plates (3-2), two identical hip joint swivel plates (3-4) and two identical hip joint connecting plates (3-6);Two hip joint elongations The inside of plate (3-1) is opposed to be connected, scalable fixation between two hip joint extending-boards (3-1);Two hip joint fixed plate (3- 2) be symmetrically fixed on the outer end of two hip joint extending-boards (3-1), be respectively provided on each hip joint fixed plate (3-2) there are two Hip joint rotary stopper gear button (3-3);The inner end of two hip joint swivel plates (3-4) respectively with two hip joint fixed plate (3- 2) outer end is hinged, and keeps off button (3-3) by hip joint rotary stopper to limit the rotation model of each hip joint swivel plate (3-4) It encloses;The outer end of two hip joint swivel plates (3-4) passes through Limiting hinge (3-5) and two hip joint connecting plate (3-6) phases respectively Even;
Lower devices (4) include two identical big leg devices and two identical lower-leg devices, and big leg device and shank fill The structure set is identical comprising pulley (4-1), flexible steel cable (4-2), two pneumatic muscles (4-6), stretches pulley spindle (4-8) Supporting rod (4-4) and connecting rod (4-7);The telescopic supporting rod (4-4) is arranged by two sections of supporting rods, and two sections of supporting rods Junction is provided with buckle (4-5) with regular length;Pulley spindle (4-8) is flexible along being radially disposed at for telescopic supporting rod (4-4) The lower end of the upper end of supporting rod (4-4), telescopic supporting rod (4-4) is perpendicularly fixed in the middle part of connecting rod (4-7);Pulley (4-1) is installed In on pulley spindle (4-8), and the both ends of each pneumatic muscles (4-6) are both provided with earrings (4-3);Flexible steel cable (4-2) bypasses Pulley (4-1) and both ends are connected with the earrings (4-3) of two pneumatic muscles (4-6) upper ends respectively, under two pneumatic muscles (4-6) The earrings (4-3) at end is hinged with the both ends of connecting rod (4-7) respectively, passes through the telescopic band movable pulley (4- of two pneumatic muscles (4-6) 1) rotation relative to pulley spindle (4-8);
The pulley (4-1) of two big leg device is separately fixed on two hip joint connecting plates (3-6), the cunning of two lower-leg devices Wheel (4-1) is separately fixed at bottom telescopic supporting rod (4-4) of two big leg device.
2. a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Control cabinet (1) includes babinet (1-1), and controller, pneumatic valve group (1-2) and pneumatic triple piece (1- are provided in babinet (1-1) 3);Controller transmit control signal give pneumatic valve group (1-2), pneumatic triple piece (1-3) by pneumatic valve group (1-2) with eight Pneumatic muscles (4-6) are connected.
3. a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Back device (2) includes that backboard and flexible shoulder strap, flexible shoulder strap are fixed on backboard;Control cabinet (1) is fixed on rear side of backboard, the back of the body Board bottom portion is connected by connecting plate with hip joint extending-board (3-1).
4. a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Foot device (5) includes two soles, is both provided with bearing and shaft on each sole, and two soles pass through bearing and shaft Structure is hingedly connected to bottom telescopic supporting rod (4-4) of two lower-leg devices.
5. a kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described It is both provided with angular transducer, angle sensor on the pulley (4-1) of two big leg device and the pulley (4-1) of two lower-leg devices Device transmits detection signal to controller.
CN201611035785.1A 2016-11-09 2016-11-09 A kind of lower limb exoskeleton power assisting device of pneumatic muscles driving Expired - Fee Related CN106335049B (en)

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