CN106316329B - A kind of inorganic foam building insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an inorganic foaming building insulation board and a preparation method thereof. The inorganic foaming building insulation board has the characteristics of excellent temperature stability and chemical stability, no cracking, no falling, energy conservation, environmental protection, no pollution, good fireproof and non-combustible safety, high strength and the like, can be widely applied to insulation materials of various building outer walls, fireproof isolation belts and roofs, is simple and convenient to construct, short in construction period and good in quality, and can greatly prolong the service life of buildings.

Description

A kind of inorganic foam building insulation board and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and energy-saving building thermal insulation materials, and more specifically relates to an inorganic foamed building thermal insulation board and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

China's external wall insulation industry is a huge market. After repeated entanglements in the building insulation industry about fire safety and energy-saving efficiency, the industry has accumulated a lot of positive and negative experiences and lessons. Although in the past we paid a heavy price for the practice of only focusing on energy saving and ignoring fire prevention, but in recent years, the practice of only focusing on fire prevention and ignoring energy conservation and system security has ignored many safety hazards. No matter other organic insulation materials such as foamed polyphenylene or foamed urethane, they all have defects such as flammability, short durable life, and no sound insulation. The traditional EPS polystyrene board is processed to obtain ordinary flame-retardant insulation boards of B1 and B2 grades. When exposed to fire, it shrinks, melts, emits black smoke, and the flame is easy to penetrate; graphite polystyrene board: polyphenylene particles added graphite after processing The obtained flame-retardant B1-level insulation board shrinks when exposed to fire, melts, flame-retardant, emits black smoke, and the flame is easy to penetrate; modified polystyrene board is also called thermosetting polystyrene board, which is ordinary polystyrene particles modified by special The flame-retardant B1 grade insulation board obtained after the phenolic resin and other materials coating film is vacuum-dried and cut, does not shrink when exposed to fire, does not melt, is flame-retardant, is not easily penetrated by flames, but emits black smoke , has a pungent smell, and the market mostly pretends to be A2 level. These existing commonly used polystyrene boards all have some safety hazards. Therefore, a thermal insulation material with high flame retardancy, safety, reliability, and high cost performance is an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, aiming to provide a kind of inorganic foamed building insulation material board and its preparation method, the inorganic foamed building insulation board of the present invention has excellent temperature stability and chemical stability, No cracking, no falling off, energy saving, environmental protection, pollution-free, fireproof and noncombustible, good safety, high strength, etc., can be applied to various building exterior walls, fireproof isolation belts, and roof insulation materials, and the construction is simple, the construction period is short, and the quality is good. Wide range of applications.

Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An inorganic foamed building insulation board and a preparation method thereof are prepared from the following raw materials according to the following steps:

The raw materials are 25-35 parts by mass of modified expanded perlite, 45-50 parts by mass of silica airgel, 100-130 parts by mass of hollow vitrified microspheres, 10-15 parts by mass of halloysite nanotubes, mixed flame retardant 100-120 parts by mass of agent, 250-300 parts by mass of mixed gelling material, 300-400 parts by mass of water and 10-15 parts by mass of inorganic foaming agent;

Prepare as follows:

Step 1: Proportion the modified expanded perlite, silica airgel, hollow vitrified microspheres, halloysite nanotubes, mixed flame retardant, and mixed gelling material according to the above ratio, and send them into the mixer for stirring uniform;

Step 2, adding water to the uniformly stirred system in step (1) and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed slurry, then adding an inorganic foaming agent to the mixed slurry and stirring evenly;

Step 3: Pour the mixed slurry uniformly stirred in step (2) into a mould, wait for it to be foamed and molded, and then dry it naturally to obtain an inorganic foamed building insulation board.

In the above technical solution, the modified expanded perlite is prepared according to the following steps: mix and stir the expanded perlite and the aqueous solution of sodium methyl silicate evenly, soak at 70-80°C for 4-6 hours and then dry; In the aqueous solution of sodium methyl silicate, the mass percentage of sodium methyl silicate is 5-10%; the mass ratio of expanded perlite to sodium methyl silicate is 1: (1-10).

In the above technical solution, the silica airgel is hydrophobic silica airgel and is of industrial grade, has a specific surface area of 500-700m ² /g, and has high temperature resistance, low thermal conductivity, low density, High strength, green environmental protection, waterproof and non-combustible and other superior performances, as well as excellent sound insulation and shock absorption performance.

In the above technical scheme, the hollow vitrified microspheres (s15) are industrial grade, which is an acidic vitreous lava mineral (turpentine ore), and its main chemical composition is SiO ₂ ﹑ Al ₂ O ₃ ﹑ CaO, which belongs to Inorganic non-metallic material, is a tiny hollow glass sphere with a typical particle size range of 10-180 microns and a bulk density of 0.1-0.25 g/cubic centimeter. It has light weight, low thermal conductivity, sound insulation, high dispersion, and electrical insulation. And thermal stability and other advantages, the fineness is 1000-1200 mesh.

In the above technical scheme, the mixed flame retardant is a mixture composed of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc borate, zinc phosphate and intumescent flame retardant, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, hydrogen The mass ratio of calcium oxide, zinc borate, zinc phosphate and intumescent flame retardant is 6: (2.5-3): 2: (1-1.5): (0.8-1.2): 2; the intumescent flame retardant ( IFR) is a nitrogen-phosphorus intumescent flame retardant with a nitrogen content of 18 ± 1 wt%, a phosphorus content of 22 ± 2 wt%, and consists of urea phosphate, starch, phenolic resin, polyamide, and urea-formaldehyde resin.

In the above technical scheme, the mixed gelling material is a mixture composed of gum arabic powder, dispersible latex powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, water glass, gum arabic powder, dispersible latex powder, hydroxymethyl The mass ratio of cellulose, water glass is (2.5-3): (2-2.5): (1-1.2): (8.5-9); Described gum arabic powder is chemically pure, is a kind of water-soluble natural gum, Colorless, odorless, rich in plant fibers, good solubility and low solution viscosity, insoluble in alcohol and other organic solvents and oils, compatible with most natural rubber, stable to heat and acid environments; the dispersible Latex powder is industrial grade, it can quickly redisperse into emulsion after contacting with water, it is ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate/tertiary carbonic acid ethylene copolymer, or acrylic acid copolymer. Water glass is an aqueous solution of sodium silicate. The weight average molecular weight of the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 90,000-120,000, the water glass is an aqueous solution of sodium silicate, and the mass percentage of sodium silicate is 40%.

In the above technical solution, the inorganic blowing agent is one of ammonium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate.

In the above technical solution, among the raw materials, the fineness of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and calcium hydroxide is 800-900 mesh.

In the above technical solution, the raw materials are all powder except water.

Preferably, the raw materials are 25-30 parts by mass of modified expanded perlite, 48-50 parts by mass of silica airgel, 110-120 parts by mass of hollow vitrified microspheres, and 12-15 parts by mass of halloysite nanotubes. 1. 110-120 parts by mass of a mixed flame retardant, 270-300 parts by mass of a mixed gelling material, 300-360 parts by mass of water and 12-15 parts by mass of an inorganic foaming agent.

In the above technical solution, each mass part is 1g.

In the step 1, the stirring time is 0.5-1 hour.

In the step 2, stir when adding water and mix evenly, the stirring time is 10-20 minutes;

In the step 2, add an inorganic foaming agent and stir evenly, and the stirring time is 10-15 minutes;

In the step 3, the specifications and dimensions of the inorganic foamed building insulation board are: the length is 300mm-600mm; the width is 300mm-600mm; the height is 40mm-60mm.

The inorganic foam insulation board of the present invention is mainly composed of modified expanded perlite, bubble cavity and silica airgel particle structure. The rockite nanotubes, the mixed flame retardant and the mixed gelling material are uniformly dispersed in the system under the action of foaming.

The inorganic foamed building thermal insulation board of the present invention is developed in strict accordance with the national "Interim Provisions on Fire Protection of Civil Building External Thermal Insulation System and External Wall Decoration", and utilizes the non-combustibility of inorganic materials and a large number of closed pores produced by foaming to achieve the effects of fire prevention, light weight and heat preservation. An inorganic foamed building insulation board formed by stirring and mixing foaming agent and inorganic slurry. The bulk density of the sample is measured using the BSA224S precision electronic balance to weigh the mass. The size of the test sample is 300mm×300mm×40mm, and then calculate the bulk density of the sample according to the definition of capacity (that is, the density of the material, the weight of the insulation material per unit volume). The obtained inorganic foamed building insulation board has a bulk density of 150.0-180.0 kg/m3. The thermal conductivity is measured by the HFM-4363 heat flow thermal conductivity analyzer provided by Netzsch Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd., the test sample size is 300mm×300mm×40mm, the test temperature is 25°C, and the measured thermal conductivity is 0.045-0.055 W/mK. The compressive strength is tested by the CMT6104 microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine provided by Shenzhen Xinsansi Material Testing Co., Ltd. The size of the test sample is 40mm×40mm×40mm. The measured compressive strength of the inorganic foamed building insulation board is 0.40 -0.50MPa. The combustion calorific value is tested by the RZ-1 combustion calorific value tester produced by Nanjing Jiangning District Analytical Instrument Factory. The measured combustion calorific value is 0.2-0.3MJ/kg, according to GB/T 14402-2012 calorific value PCS≤ 2.0MJ/kg, its combustion level reaches A1 level. Table 1 is the results of the various performance tests of the inorganic foamed building insulation board of the present invention and the existing foamed cement insulation board, wherein the detection results of the various performances of the foamed cement insulation board are obtained by the National Building Energy Conservation Quality Supervision and Inspection Center Tested, such as GB/T14402-2007, its combustion calorific value PCS≤2.0MJ/kg, and its combustion performance meets the requirements of Class A1. It can be seen from the comparison that the inorganic foamed building insulation board of the present invention has a lower thermal conductivity and bulk density, indicating that its thermal insulation performance is more excellent.

Table 1 Various properties of the product

The inorganic foamed building heat preservation board of the present invention uses modified expanded perlite as the main material, and because of its good heat preservation performance and super stable performance, it exhibits excellent performance in fire resistance, heat preservation and energy saving. It has widely used economic and social value, extremely convenient construction and easy maintenance, and its impact performance is better than any other thermal insulation material. Moreover, it is a seamless boundary construction, thus forming a full plastic package protection effect on the building. Under normal conditions of use, it will not cause damage in case of dryness, severe cold, high temperature, humidity, galvanic corrosion, or insect, fungus or algae growth, as well as damage by sawtooth animals, impact of objects, etc., which will greatly prolong the life of the building. service life.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inorganic foamed building insulation board of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the inorganic foamed building insulation board of the present invention, wherein: 1 is modified expanded perlite, 2 is cell cavity, and 3 is silica airgel particles.

detailed description

The technical scheme of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, wherein silica airgel is purchased from Nano Technology Co., Ltd.; hollow vitrified microspheres are purchased from 3M Company; From Hangzhou Jieersi Flame Retardant Chemical Co., Ltd., magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide were purchased from Hefei Zhongke Flame Retardant New Material Co., Ltd., zinc borate and zinc phosphate were purchased from Tianjin Guangfu Fine Chemical Research Institute; The gum arabic powder in the gelling material was purchased from Tianjin Fengchuan Chemical Reagent Technology Co., Ltd., the dispersible latex powder was purchased from Shijiazhuang Senlong Chemical Co., Ltd., the hydroxymethyl cellulose was purchased from Zhejiang Kehong Chemical Co., Ltd., water glass purchased from Tianjin Bohai Chemical Group.

First, the modified expanded perlite was prepared by different schemes:

Scheme A: mix expanded perlite and sodium methyl silicate solution evenly, soak at 70°C for 4 hours and then dry; in the aqueous solution of sodium methyl silicate, the mass percentage of sodium methyl silicate is 5%; The mass ratio of expanded perlite to sodium methyl silicate is 1:1, and the obtained product is modified expanded perlite A.

Scheme B: Mix and stir the expanded perlite and sodium methyl silicate aqueous solution evenly, soak at 80°C for 6 hours and then dry; in the aqueous sodium methyl silicate solution, the mass percentage of sodium methyl silicate is 10%; The mass ratio of expanded perlite to sodium methyl silicate is 1:10, and the obtained product is modified expanded perlite B.

Scheme C: Mix and stir the expanded perlite and sodium methyl silicate aqueous solution evenly, soak at 75°C for 5 hours and then dry; in the aqueous sodium methyl silicate solution, the mass percentage of sodium methyl silicate is 8%; The mass ratio of expanded perlite to sodium methyl silicate is 1:5, and the obtained product is modified expanded perlite C.

Secondly, prepare mixed flame retardants with different component contents:

Scheme A: The mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc borate, zinc phosphate and intumescent flame retardant in the mixed flame retardant is 6:3:2:1:1:2, and the prepared The product is mixed flame retardant A.

Scheme B: The mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc borate, zinc phosphate and intumescent flame retardant in the mixed flame retardant is 6:2.5:2:1.5:0.8:2, and the prepared The product is mixed flame retardant B.

Scheme C: The mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc borate, zinc phosphate and intumescent flame retardant in the mixed flame retardant is 6:2.2:2:1.3:1.2:2, and the prepared The product is mixed flame retardant C.

Finally, prepare mixed gelling materials with different component contents:

Scheme A: The mass ratio of gum arabic powder, dispersible latex powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and water glass in the mixed gelling material is 3:2:1:9, and the obtained product is mixed gelling material A.

Scheme B: The mass ratio of gum arabic powder, dispersible latex powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and water glass in the mixed gelling material is 2.5:2.2:1.2:8.5, and the obtained product is mixed gelling material B.

Scheme C: The mass ratio of gum arabic powder, dispersible latex powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and water glass in the mixed gelling material is 2.8:2.5:1.1:8.7, and the obtained product is mixed gelling material C.

Example 1

(1) 25g of modified expanded perlite A, 45g of silica airgel, 100g of hollow vitrified microspheres, 10g of halloysite nanotubes, 100g of mixed flame retardant A, and 250g of mixed gelling material A are sent into the mixer Stir evenly, and the stirring time is 0.5 hours.

(2) Add 300 g of water and stir for 10 minutes in the powder material stirred uniformly in step (1), then add 10 g of ammonium bicarbonate in the mixed slurry and stir for 10 minutes.

(3) Pour the mixed slurry uniformly stirred in step (2) into the mold, wait for it to foam and form, and then dry it naturally to obtain an inorganic foamed building insulation board. The prepared inorganic foamed building insulation board The length is 300mm; the width is 300mm, and the height is 40mm.

Example 2

(1) 35g of modified expanded perlite B, 50g of silica airgel, 130g of hollow vitrified microspheres, 15g of halloysite nanotubes, 120g of mixed flame retardant B, and 300g of mixed gelling material B are sent into the mixer Stir evenly, and the stirring time is 1 hour.

(2) Add 400g of water to the powder stirred uniformly in step (1) and stir for 20 minutes, then add 15g of ammonium bicarbonate to the mixed slurry and stir for 15 minutes.

(3) Pour the mixed slurry uniformly stirred in step (2) into the mold, wait for it to foam and form, and then dry it naturally to obtain an inorganic foamed building insulation board. The prepared inorganic foamed building insulation board The length is 600mm; the width is 600mm, and the height is 60mm.

Example 3

(1) 30g of modified expanded perlite C, 48g of silica airgel, 110g of hollow vitrified microspheres, 12g of halloysite nanotubes, 110g of mixed flame retardant C, and 270g of mixed gelling material C are sent into the mixer Stir evenly, and the stirring time is 0.8 hours.

(2) Add 360g of water to the powder stirred uniformly in step (1) and stir for 15 minutes, then add 10g of sodium bicarbonate to the mixed slurry and stir for 12 minutes.

(3) Pour the mixed slurry uniformly stirred in step (2) into the mold, wait for it to foam and form, and then dry it naturally to obtain an inorganic foamed building insulation board. The prepared inorganic foamed building insulation board The length is 450mm; the width is 450mm, and the height is 50mm.

Example 4

(1) 30g of modified expanded perlite A, 50g of silica airgel, 100g of hollow vitrified microspheres, 15g of halloysite nanotubes, 120g of mixed flame retardant B, and 280g of mixed gelling material C are sent into the mixer Stir evenly, and the stirring time is 0.5 hours.

(2) Add 350g of water to the powder stirred uniformly in step (1) and stir for 15 minutes, then add 12g of sodium bicarbonate to the mixed slurry and stir for 15 minutes.

(3) Pour the mixed slurry uniformly stirred in step (2) into the mold, wait for it to foam and form, and then dry it naturally to obtain an inorganic foamed building insulation board. The prepared inorganic foamed building insulation board The length is 400mm; the width is 500mm, and the height is 50mm.

Example 5

(1) 33g of modified expanded perlite B, 46g of silica airgel, 120g of hollow vitrified microspheres, 15g of halloysite nanotubes, 110g of mixed flame retardant C, and 260g of mixed gelling material A are sent into the mixer Stir evenly, and the stirring time is 1 hour.

(2) Add 380g of water to the powder stirred uniformly in step (1) and stir for 20 minutes, then add 15g of sodium bicarbonate to the mixed slurry and stir for 15 minutes.

(3) Pour the mixed slurry uniformly stirred in step (2) into the mold, wait for it to foam and form, and then dry it naturally to obtain an inorganic foamed building insulation board. The prepared inorganic foamed building insulation board The length is 500mm; the width is 350mm, and the height is 60mm.

According to the technical solution of the present invention, the corresponding process parameters in the preparation process are adjusted to prepare different materials, and the final prepared materials basically show the same properties as the materials prepared in the above examples.

The present invention has been described as an example above, and it should be noted that, without departing from the core of the present invention, any simple deformation, modification or other equivalent replacements that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative labor all fall within the scope of this invention. protection scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of inorganic foamed insulating board for building, it is characterised in that prepared as steps described below by following raw materials：

Raw material is by modified expanded perlite 25-35 mass parts, aerosil 45-50 mass parts, hollow glass bead 100-130 mass parts, halloysite nanotubes 10-15 mass parts, mixing fire retardant 100-120 mass parts, mixing binder materials 250-300 mass parts, water 300-400 mass parts and inorganic foaming agent 10-15 mass parts composition；

Prepared as steps described below：

Step 1, it is modified expanded perlite, aerosil, hollow glass bead, halloysite nanotubes, mixing is fire-retardant Agent, mixing binder materials are matched according to aforementioned proportion, are sent into mixer and are stirred；

Step 2, water is added in the system to be stirred into step (1) and is well mixed and obtains mixed slurry, then again to mixed Close and inorganic foaming agent is added in slurry and is stirred；

Step 3, the mixed slurry to be stirred in step (2) to be poured into mould, treats its foaming, natural curing is dried, Inorganic foamed insulating board for building is made；

The modified expanded perlite is prepared as steps described below：The aqueous solution of expanded perlite and sodium methyl silicate is mixed Conjunction stirs, and is dried after 4-6h is soaked at 70-80 DEG C；In the aqueous solution of sodium methyl silicate, the matter of sodium methyl silicate It is 5-10% to measure percentage；The mass ratio of expanded perlite and sodium methyl silicate is 1：(1—10)；

The mixing fire retardant is by magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, Firebrake ZB, trbasic zinc phosphate and expansibility flame-proof agent The mixture of composition, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, Firebrake ZB, trbasic zinc phosphate and the mass ratio of expansibility flame-proof agent are 6：(2.5—3)：2：(1—1.5)：(0.8—1.2)：2；The expansion type flame retardant be nitrogen-phosphorus system expansion type flame retardant, nitrogen Content is 18 ± l wt%, and phosphorus content is 22 ± 2wt%, by urea phosphate, starch, phenolic resin, polyamide, Lauxite group Into；

The inorganic foaming agent is one kind in ammonium hydrogen carbonate or sodium acid carbonate；

Described mixing binder materials is made up of gum arabic powder, polymer dispersion powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, waterglass Mixture, gum arabic powder, polymer dispersion powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose, the mass ratio of waterglass are (2.5-3):(2- 2.5):(1-1.2):(8.5-9)；Gummi arabicum pulveratum is pure for chemistry；The polymer dispersion powder is technical grade, can after being contacted with water It is copolymer, the vinyl acetate/versatic acid ethylene copolymer or third of ethylene/vinyl acetate with redisperse quickly into emulsion Olefin(e) acid copolymer, the weight average molecular weight of the hydroxymethyl cellulose are 9 ten thousand-ten two ten thousand, and the waterglass is the water of sodium metasilicate Solution, sodium metasilicate weight/mass percentage composition are 40%.

2. a kind of inorganic foamed insulating board for building according to claim 1, it is characterised in that raw material is by modified expanded pearl Rock is 25-30 mass parts, aerosil 48-50 mass parts, hollow glass bead 110-120 mass parts, galapectite are received Mitron 12-15 mass parts, mixing fire retardant 110-120 mass parts, mixing binder materials 270-300 mass parts, water 300-360 matter Measure part and inorganic foaming agent 12-15 mass parts composition.

3. a kind of inorganic foamed insulating board for building according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hollow glass bead is Technical grade, mesh number 1000-1200, the aerosil be hydrophobic type aerosil and be technical grade, than Surface area is 500-700m²/ g, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, the mesh number of calcium hydroxide are 800-900.

A kind of 4. inorganic foamed insulating board for building according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 1, stirring Time is 0.5-1 hours；In the step 2, it is stirred when being mixed with water, mixing time is 10-20 minutes；Add Inorganic foaming agent simultaneously stirs, and mixing time is 10-15 minutes.

5. a kind of inorganic foamed insulating board for building according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inorganic foamed building is protected The specification of warm plate is：A length of 300mm~600mm；A width of 300mm~600mm；A height of 40mm~60mm.