CN106312652A - Machining device and machining method implemented by adoption of machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining device and a machining method implemented by the adoption of the machining device. The machining device comprises a base, a first guiding device arranged on the upper end face of the base, a workpiece clamping device arranged above the first guiding device, a workbench arranged between the first guiding device and the workpiece clamping device, a second guiding device arranged above one end of the base, a third guiding device capable of being movably connected to the second guiding device and used for guiding longitudinal movement of a cutter and a cutter clamping device movably connected to the third guiding device. The machining device improves the locating precision and the speed; the traditional cutting manner that the cutter is rotated and workpieces are fixed is replaced by the work manner that the cutter is fixed, and the workpieces are rotated, the machining device can be used in cooperation with a motorized spindle or a linear motor or other high-speed driving devices, so that the cutting speed and precision of the machining device are improved, and therefore the production efficiency and the competitive product rate of products are improved.

Description

A processing device and a processing method using the same

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of processing equipment, in particular to a processing equipment and a processing method realized by using the same.

Background technique

The processing accuracy and work efficiency of traditional processing equipment have become increasingly unable to meet the requirements of today's high-efficiency and high-quality products, and processing equipment with fast processing speed and high precision is increasingly being pursued by people.

The invention of improving the feed and rotation of the machine tool such as the electric spindle has been recognized by people, which has improved the production efficiency and precision of the product to a certain extent, and at the same time reduced the labor intensity of the workers; Make full use of its working efficiency.

In existing processing equipment, especially high-speed cutting equipment, the rotation speed of the tool holder is limited, which is limited by the moving axis or rotating axis to which it is attached.

Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed.

Contents of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art above, the object of the present invention is to provide a processing device and a processing method using the same to improve the cutting speed and precision of the workpiece by rotating the workpiece by fixing the tool.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A processing device, wherein the processing device includes: a base,

A first guide device arranged on the upper end surface of the base for guiding the forward and backward movement of the workpiece;

Set above the first guiding device, it is used to drive the workpiece to rotate when cutting the workpiece so that the fixed tool can cut it, and fix the workpiece so that the rotating tool can mill and grind the workpiece when the workpiece is milled. device;

A worktable arranged between the first guiding device and the workpiece clamping device, used to fix the workpiece clamping device and drive it to move back and forth along the first guiding device;

A second guide device arranged above one end of the base for guiding the left and right movement of the tool;

third guide means movably connected to said second guide means for guiding the longitudinal movement of the knife;

It can be movably connected to the third guide device, and is used for fixing the tool when cutting the workpiece so that the rotating workpiece can be cut, and rotating the workpiece when milling the workpiece so that the fixed workpiece can be milled.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein the processing equipment also includes:

a tool magazine arranged on one side of the tool clamping device;

The tool changer is connected to the tool magazine and is located between the tool magazine and the tool clamping device, and is used for changing tools for workpiece processing.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein the processing equipment also includes:

A counterweight connected to the third guiding device for maintaining the stability of the tool clamping device when it moves longitudinally.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein the processing equipment also includes:

The supporting device is arranged between the base and the second guiding device and is used for fixing and supporting the second guiding device.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein the processing equipment also includes:

The first grating scale is arranged on the first guiding device.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein the processing equipment also includes:

A linear motor arranged on the side of the second guiding device facing the third guiding device and used to drive the third guiding device to move left and right along the second guiding device.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein, the second guiding device includes:

Two second guide rails fixedly connected to the upper support frame and arranged symmetrically;

And two second limit blocks respectively arranged at both ends of the second guide rail for limiting the left and right movement positions of the tool clamping device.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein, the third guiding device includes:

A third moving part arranged between the second guiding device and the tool clamping device and capable of moving left and right along the second guiding device;

A plurality of guide blocks are provided on the third moving part, toward the side of the tool clamping device, for guiding the longitudinal movement of the tool clamping device.

Preferably, the processing equipment, wherein the processing equipment is a numerically controlled machine tool.

A processing method implemented by using the processing equipment described in any one of the above, wherein the processing method includes:

Step A: through the first guide device and the second guide device, adjust the positions of the tool clamping device and the workpiece clamping device until the tool is located above the initial point of the workpiece to be processed;

Step B: Turn the workpiece while lowering the tool to cut the workpiece, or turn and lower the tool to mill the workpiece.

The processing equipment provided by the present invention, due to the use of the base, is arranged on the upper end surface of the base, and is used as a first guiding device for guiding the forward and backward movement of the workpiece; it is arranged above the first guiding device, and is used for A workpiece clamping device that drives the workpiece to rotate during processing so that the fixed tool can process it; it is arranged between the first guide device and the workpiece clamping device, and is used to fix the workpiece clamping device and drive its A workbench that moves back and forth along the first guiding device; a second guiding device that is arranged above one end of the base for guiding the left and right movement of the tool; and is movably connected to the second guiding device for providing A third guiding device for guiding the longitudinal movement of the tool; and movably connected to the third guiding device for clamping the tool and driving it to move longitudinally along the third guiding device Driven by the tool clamping device that moves left and right along the second guide device; so that the processing equipment can accurately and quickly adjust the position of the tool clamping device through the first guide device and the second guide device, and at the same time pass the third guide device Adjust the position of the workpiece clamping device to improve the positioning accuracy and speed of the equipment; and the working method of rotating the workpiece by fixing the tool changes the traditional cutting method of rotating the tool and fixing the workpiece, and cooperates with high-speed drive devices such as electric spindles or linear motors. Improve the cutting speed and precision of the equipment, and then improve the production efficiency and quality rate of the product.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of processing equipment in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the base structure of a preferred embodiment of the processing equipment in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first guide device of a preferred embodiment of the processing equipment in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the workbench structure of a preferred embodiment of the processing equipment in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the workpiece clamping device of the preferred embodiment of the processing equipment in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the supporting device of a preferred embodiment of the processing equipment in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the tool clamping device of the preferred embodiment of the processing equipment in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Fig. 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the processing method in the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention provides a processing equipment and a processing method implemented by using it. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention more clear and definite, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of processing equipment, and described processing equipment comprises: base 100, is arranged on the upper end surface of described base 100, is used for guiding the first guide device 210 of moving back and forth of workpiece; It is arranged above the first guiding device 210, and is used to drive the workpiece to rotate when the workpiece is processed, so that the workpiece clamping device 400 can be processed by a fixed tool; it is arranged on the first guiding device 210 and the workpiece clamping device Between 400, it is used to fix the workpiece clamping device 400 and drive it to move back and forth along the first guide device 210. Guided second guide device 220; movably connected to said second guide device 220, used for the third guide device 230 guided by the longitudinal movement of the tool; movably connected to said third guide device 230, used for clamping A tool clamping device 500 that holds a tool and drives it to move longitudinally along the third guiding device 230 , or to move left and right along the second guiding device 220 driven by the third guiding device 230 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the processing equipment is a CNC machining center integrating high-speed cutting, milling and grinding, and the workpiece clamping device 400 and tool clamping device 500 can be controlled by the controller to realize cutting, milling or milling after cutting grinding work. When cutting, the workpiece is rotated to fix the tool, which improves the cutting speed and precision of the workpiece. When milling, the tool is rotated to fix the workpiece, which saves time for re-clamping the workpiece, improves production efficiency and reduces processing costs.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the base 100 includes two lower bases 110 and an upper base 120, and each of the two lower bases 110 to the upper base 120 is provided with six The pin holes are connected, and the two are fixedly connected by pins. The opening positions of the six connecting pin holes in the lower base 110 are: two at each end and two in the middle. The above-mentioned connection method has high stability, and the assembly process is simple and the operation difficulty is low.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the first guiding device 210 includes: a first transmission chain 211 for driving the workbench 300 to move, two first guide rails 212 symmetrically arranged and fixedly connected to the base 100 , And four first limit blocks 213 respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the two first guide rails 212 for limiting the movement position of the workbench 300 . The first transmission chain 211 is composed of an inner chain plate, an outer chain plate, a pin shaft, a sleeve, and a roller. A plurality of countersunk pin holes are disposed through the first guide rail 212 and the base 100 , and the plurality of countersunk pin holes are arranged on two first guide rails 212 at intervals.

Corresponding to the first guide rails 212, the lower end of the workbench 300 is provided with four first sliders 310 for moving along the two first guide rails 212 respectively. A countersunk pin hole is provided through the workbench 300 , and the first slider 310 is fixedly connected to the workbench 300 by a countersunk pin.

The countersunk pin hole between the workbench 300 and the first slider 310 starts from the workbench 300 to the upper part of the first slider 310, that is, the countersunk head of the countersunk pin hole of this part Some of them are arranged on the workbench 300, which simplifies the assembly and replacement procedures of the countersunk pins.

As shown in FIG. 4 , a slider connection portion 320 and a plurality of support portions 330 arranged laterally are provided on the lower end surface of the workbench 300 . The slider connecting portion 320 is in a concave shape, and a groove matching the first slider 310 is formed. After the workbench 300 and the first slider 310 are connected through countersunk pin holes, , the setting of the slider connecting portion 320 can limit the left and right sliding of the first slider 310, on the one hand, it can improve the movement of the first slider 310 driven by the workbench 300 along the first guide rail 212 Stability, to ensure that the first slider 310 will not move laterally, on the other hand, it can effectively prevent the direction of the first slider 310 from shifting and damage the first guide rail 212, and effectively improve the service life of the processing equipment.

As shown in FIG. 5 , eight adjustment grooves 410 are provided on the upper surface of the workpiece clamping device 400 , which are used to adjust the position of the workpiece holder fixed therein according to the shape of the workpiece to be processed, so as to improve the versatility of the processing equipment.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 , the processing equipment further includes: a support device 700 disposed between the base 100 and the second guide device 220 for fixing and supporting the second guide device 220 .

The support device 700 includes a left support frame 710, a right support frame 720 and an upper support frame 730, and the three are fixedly connected by countersunk pins.

By arranging the support device 700, the height of the second guide device 220, the third guide device 230 and the tool clamping device 500 is improved, and the most important thing is that the longitudinal movement range of the tool clamping device 500 is improved, so that all The processing equipment described above can process large workpieces and improve its versatility.

The second guiding device 220 includes: two second guide rails 222 fixedly connected to the upper support frame 730 through countersunk pins and arranged symmetrically, and arranged at both ends of any one of the two second guide rails 222, The second limit block 223 is used to limit the left and right movement position of the tool clamping device 500 .

The setting of the second limit block 223 is to prevent the third guiding device 230 and the tool clamping device 500 from detaching from the second guide rail 222 when the processing equipment breaks down and damage the equipment.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the tool clamping device 500 includes: a drive shaft (not shown), a housing 540, a second transmission chain 510, a third guide rail 520 and an elastic member for limiting the longitudinal movement position of the tool 530, the third guide device 230 includes a guide block 231 adapted to the third guide rail 520; the third guide rail 520 moves longitudinally along the guide block 231.

The elastic member is in the shape of a continuous M, and one side thereof is engaged with the shell 540 . The arrangement of the elastic member can buffer the falling of the tool, so that the tool can be in flexible contact with the workpiece, and the rate of high-quality products can be improved.

The processing equipment provided by the present invention adopts the base 100, which is arranged on the upper end surface of the base 100, and is used to guide the first guide device 210 for the forward and backward movement of the workpiece; it is arranged above the first guide device 210 , the workpiece clamping device 400 used to drive the workpiece to rotate during workpiece processing so that the fixed tool can process it; it is arranged between the first guide device 210 and the workpiece clamping device 400, and is used to fix the workpiece Clamping device 400, and drives it to move back and forth along the first guide device 210; the second guide device 220, which is arranged above one end of the base 100, is used to guide the left and right movement of the tool; movable Connected to the second guiding device 220, the third guiding device 230 for guiding the longitudinal movement of the tool; and movably connected to the third guiding device 230, used to clamp the tool and drive it along the The third guiding device 230 moves longitudinally, or the tool clamping device 500 moves left and right along the second guiding device 220 driven by the third guiding device 230; so that the processing equipment can pass through the first guiding device accurately and quickly 210. While the second guide device 220 adjusts the position of the tool clamping device 500, the position of the workpiece clamping device 400 is adjusted through the third guide device 230 to improve the positioning accuracy and speed of the equipment; and the work of rotating the workpiece by fixing the tool The method is to change the traditional cutting method of rotating tools and fixed workpieces, and cooperate with high-speed driving devices such as electric spindles or linear motors to improve the cutting speed and precision of the equipment, thereby improving the production efficiency and quality rate of products.

Further, the processing equipment also includes:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the tool magazine 610 arranged on one side of the tool clamping device 500;

A tool changing device 620 connected to the tool magazine 610 and located between the tool magazine 610 and the tool clamping device 500 is used for changing tools for workpiece processing.

The tool changing device 620 includes: a tool changing handle rotatably connected to the lower end of one side of the tool magazine 610; when a tool needs to be replaced, one end of the tool changing handle is connected to the tool to be used in the tool magazine 610, and the other end is connected to the After the tool to be replaced on the tool clamping device 500 is rotated, the position of the tool to be used and the tool to be replaced are switched, and the tool to be used is placed on the tool clamping device 500, and the tool to be replaced is placed on the Tool magazine 610.

The tool magazine 610 rotates to adjust the position of the tool inside it.

Further, the processing equipment also includes:

The counterweight 221 connected to the third guiding device 230 is used for maintaining the stability of the tool clamping device 500 when it moves longitudinally.

By arranging the counterweight 221 , the stability and direction accuracy of the tool during longitudinal movement can be effectively ensured, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

Further, the processing equipment also includes: a grating ruler compensation system. Since the compensation effect of the full-closed-loop system hardly changes with the working conditions, wear conditions and processing procedures of the machine tool, the machine tool can maintain the initial processing accuracy for a long time.

The grating ruler compensation system includes: a first grating ruler arranged on the first guide device 210, a photocell, a light source, a reading head for reading data, a mounting plate for installing the reading head, and the first A sealing strip is also arranged under the grating ruler.

The processing equipment further includes: a second grating scale disposed on the second guide device 220 . The setting and placement of the second grating ruler is the same as that of the first grating ruler, and will not be repeated here.

Further, the processing equipment also includes:

The linear motor is arranged on the side of the second guiding device 220 facing the third guiding device 230 and used to drive the third guiding device 230 to move left and right along the second guiding device 220 .

The linear servo motor is an electric drive device that can directly convert electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy. It directly drives the worktable 300 to perform linear motion, so that the acceleration/deceleration of the worktable 300 is increased to 10~20 times that of traditional machine tools, and the speed is increased. 3~4 times.

Further, the processing equipment is a numerical control machine tool.

The processing equipment preferably adopts a gantry structure, and the whole machine adopts a granite bed to improve the precision, stability and shock absorption effect of the equipment.

The processing equipment is preferably a high-speed cutting numerical control machining center, that is, the processing equipment is an automatic machine tool equipped with a program control system, which can logically process programs with control codes or other symbolic instructions, and convert them to Decoding is represented by coded numbers, which are input into the numerical control device through the information carrier. After calculation and processing, various control signals are sent by the numerical control device to control the movement of the machine tool, and the parts are automatically processed according to the shape and size required by the drawing.

The processing equipment includes: a controller, namely a numerical control device, which is the core of a numerical control machining center, including hardware such as a printed circuit board, a display, a key box and a tape reader, etc., and corresponding software is run on each hardware for Input the digital part program, and complete the storage of input information, data conversion, interpolation calculation and other control functions.

The third guiding device 230 includes: a third moving part arranged between the second guiding device 220 and the tool clamping device 500 and capable of moving left and right along the second guiding device 220;

A plurality of guide blocks 231 are provided on the third moving part, toward the side of the tool clamping device 500 , for guiding the longitudinal movement of the tool clamping device 500 .

As shown in Figure 9, a processing method implemented by applying the processing equipment described in any one of the above, it includes:

S100, adjusting the positions of the tool clamping device and the workpiece clamping device respectively through the first guide device and the second guide device until the tool is located above the initial point of the workpiece to be processed;

S200. Rotate the workpiece and simultaneously lower the position of the tool to cut the workpiece, or rotate and lower the position of the tool to mill the workpiece.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the products processed by the processing method have high processing precision, and the technological process of polishing after cutting is omitted.

On the basis of adopting the processing method of rotating workpiece, choose small cutting amount for processing, and because of the fast rotation speed of the workpiece, the machining accuracy is improved on the basis of ensuring the cutting speed, thus saving the process of rough machining and semi-finishing, and Rough machining, semi-finishing machining and finishing machining are integrated into one and completed by the same processing equipment, which reduces the use of machine tools, effectively avoids damage to workpieces due to multiple clamping, increases errors, and improves the quality rate of products.

In summary, the machining accuracy is high, and three processes are saved: the sequence is rough machining, finishing machining and polishing, which reduces the use of machine tools and further reduces production costs, and reduces the number of clamping times to reduce machining errors and improve Product quality rate.

It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art can make improvements or transformations according to the above descriptions, and all these improvements and transformations should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A kind of processing equipment is characterized in that, described processing equipment comprises: base, A first guide device arranged on the upper end surface of the base for guiding the forward and backward movement of the workpiece; Set above the first guiding device, it is used to drive the workpiece to rotate when cutting the workpiece so that the fixed tool can cut it, and fix the workpiece so that the rotating tool can mill and grind the workpiece when the workpiece is milled. device; A worktable arranged between the first guiding device and the workpiece clamping device, used to fix the workpiece clamping device and drive it to move back and forth along the first guiding device; A second guide device arranged above one end of the base for guiding the left and right movement of the tool; third guide means movably connected to said second guide means for guiding the longitudinal movement of the knife; It can be movably connected to the third guide device, and is used for fixing the tool when cutting the workpiece so that the rotating workpiece can be cut, and rotating the workpiece when milling the workpiece so that the fixed workpiece can be milled. 2. processing equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described processing equipment also comprises: a tool magazine arranged on one side of the tool clamping device; The tool changer is connected to the tool magazine and is located between the tool magazine and the tool clamping device, and is used for changing tools for workpiece processing. 3. processing equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described processing equipment also comprises: A counterweight connected to the third guiding device for maintaining the stability of the tool clamping device when it moves longitudinally. 4. processing equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described processing equipment also comprises: The supporting device is arranged between the base and the second guiding device and is used for fixing and supporting the second guiding device. 5. processing equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described processing equipment also comprises: The first grating scale is arranged on the first guiding device. 6. processing equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described processing equipment also comprises: A linear motor arranged on the side of the second guiding device facing the third guiding device and used to drive the third guiding device to move left and right along the second guiding device. 7. The processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the second guiding device comprises: Two second guide rails fixedly connected to the upper support frame and arranged symmetrically; And two second limit blocks respectively arranged at both ends of the second guide rail for limiting the left and right movement positions of the tool clamping device. 8. The processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the third guiding device comprises: A third moving part arranged between the second guiding device and the tool clamping device and capable of moving left and right along the second guiding device; A plurality of guide blocks are provided on the third moving part, toward the side of the tool clamping device, for guiding the longitudinal movement of the tool clamping device. 9. The processing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the processing equipment is a numerically controlled machine tool. 10. A processing method implemented by applying the processing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, the processing method comprises: Step A: through the first guide device and the second guide device, adjust the positions of the tool clamping device and the workpiece clamping device until the tool is located above the initial point of the workpiece to be processed; Step B: Turn the workpiece while lowering the tool to cut the workpiece, or turn and lower the tool to mill the workpiece.