CN106285724B - A kind of tunnel is by pressure type support system - Google Patents
A kind of tunnel is by pressure type support system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285724B CN106285724B CN201610894498.XA CN201610894498A CN106285724B CN 106285724 B CN106285724 B CN 106285724B CN 201610894498 A CN201610894498 A CN 201610894498A CN 106285724 B CN106285724 B CN 106285724B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 101150097977 arch-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种隧道让压式支护体系，它涉及交通及采矿软岩大变形隧道领域，每个钢拱架的肩部和腰部均设置有可缩式单元，且通过法兰盘与钢拱架连接，可缩式单元是由可缩式构件和矩形橡胶减震器组成，每个钢拱架的两端均设置有可缩式构件，可缩式构件之间预留有变形槽，变形槽内设置有矩形橡胶减震器，矩形橡胶减震器与喷射混凝土层之间设置有隔板，喷射混凝土层上按一定间距设置有数个让压锚杆。它通过将让压锚杆、可缩式构件、钢拱架、矩形橡胶减震器和喷射混凝土组成的联合体与围岩发生统一的协调变形，不仅能够有效地实现保持一定支护阻力维持围岩稳定的同时，允许支护体系产生一定的位移，而且还能达到支护、让压及卸载多重并举的功能。
The invention discloses a tunnel yielding type support system, which relates to the field of transportation and mining soft rock large deformation tunnels. The shoulder and waist of each steel arch frame are provided with retractable units, and the flange plate and Steel arch connection, the retractable unit is composed of retractable components and rectangular rubber shock absorbers, each steel arch is equipped with retractable components at both ends, and deformation grooves are reserved between the retractable components , a rectangular rubber shock absorber is arranged in the deformation groove, a partition is arranged between the rectangular rubber shock absorber and the shotcrete layer, and several pressure anchor rods are arranged on the shotcrete layer according to a certain interval. It not only can effectively maintain a certain support resistance to maintain the surrounding rock through the unified coordinated deformation of the combination composed of yielding anchor rods, retractable components, steel arches, rectangular rubber shock absorbers, and shotcrete. While the rock is stable, the support system is allowed to have a certain displacement, and it can also achieve multiple simultaneous functions of support, pressure relief and unloading.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种隧道让压式支护体系，属于交通及采矿软岩大变形隧道技术领域。The invention relates to a tunnel yielding support system, which belongs to the technical field of traffic and mining soft rock large deformation tunnels.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着灾后重建项目的大量启动和西部大开发的逐年深入，越来越多的隧道工程穿越大范围软岩地层，尤其是穿越千枚岩地层，例如已建的雪峰山隧道、王家滩隧道、龙溪隧道及在建的成兰铁路隧道等，上述隧道穿越的千枚岩特点为性状差、强度低、遇水易软化，再加上近年来地下工程向长、大、深埋方向发展，穿越高地应力区软岩隧道建设过程中大变形灾害问题凸显，严重危及了隧道施工及运营安全。In recent years, with the start of a large number of post-disaster reconstruction projects and the deepening of the western development year by year, more and more tunnel projects have passed through a wide range of soft rock formations, especially through phyllite formations, such as the established Xuefengshan Tunnel, Wangjia Beach Tunnel, Longxi Tunnel, and the Chenglan Railway Tunnel under construction. The phyllite that the above-mentioned tunnels pass through is characterized by poor properties, low strength, and easy softening when exposed to water. Development in the direction of development, the problem of large deformation disasters is highlighted during the construction of soft rock tunnels passing through high geostress areas, which seriously endangers the safety of tunnel construction and operation.
国内对软岩隧道大变形问题的研究并不多，目前使用较广泛的是U型钢可缩式拱形支架；赣龙铁路天心山隧道进口段软弱膨胀围岩采用的是柔性可缩性工字钢支架；杨乐、尤春安等在利森水泥长距离输料隧道采用了格栅可缩性支架；上述这些支架各自都存在一些自身的缺陷，缩动效果并不理想，传统的支护方式及工艺难以解决软弱围岩大变形问题。There are not many domestic studies on the large deformation of soft rock tunnels. At present, the U-shaped steel retractable arch support is widely used; the soft and expansive surrounding rock of the Tianxinshan Tunnel entrance section of Ganlong Railway adopts flexible and shrinkable I-shaped brackets. steel support; Yang Le, You Chun'an, etc. used grid retractable support in the Lisen Cement long-distance conveying tunnel; each of the above-mentioned supports has some defects of its own, and the shrinkage effect is not ideal. The traditional support It is difficult to solve the problem of large deformation of weak surrounding rock with different methods and techniques.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题，本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种隧道让压式支护体系。In view of the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tunnel yielding support system.
本发明的一种隧道让压式支护体系，它包含钢拱架、喷射混凝土层、让压锚杆和可缩式单元，沿隧道纵向由内至外依次设置有钢拱架、喷射混凝土层和让压锚杆，其中钢拱架是由四个单元组成，每个钢拱架的肩部和腰部均设置有可缩式单元，且通过法兰盘与钢拱架连接，可缩式单元是由可缩式构件和矩形橡胶减震器组成，每个钢拱架的两端均设置有可缩式构件，可缩式构件之间预留有变形槽，变形槽内设置有矩形橡胶减震器，矩形橡胶减震器与喷射混凝土层之间设置有隔板，喷射混凝土层上按一定间距设置有数个让压锚杆。A tunnel yielding support system of the present invention comprises steel arches, shotcrete layers, yielding anchors and retractable units, and steel arches and shotcrete layers are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel from inside to outside The steel arch is composed of four units, and the shoulder and waist of each steel arch are equipped with retractable units, which are connected to the steel arch through flanges. The retractable units It is composed of retractable components and rectangular rubber shock absorbers. Both ends of each steel arch frame are equipped with retractable components. There are deformation grooves reserved between the retractable components, and rectangular rubber shock absorbers are arranged in the deformation grooves. A shock absorber, a partition plate is arranged between the rectangular rubber shock absorber and the shotcrete layer, and several yield anchor rods are arranged at a certain interval on the shotcrete layer.
作为优选，所述的钢拱架采用工字钢拼接而成，单榀钢拱架通过法兰盘螺栓连接，纵向两榀钢拱架之间采用纵向连接筋连接。As a preference, the steel arches are spliced by I-beams, the single steel arches are connected by flange bolts, and the two longitudinal steel arches are connected by longitudinal connecting ribs.
作为优选，所述的让压锚杆是由螺母、托盘、弹簧、圆形钢筒和杆体组成，杆体的一端插设在圆形钢筒内，其上套设有弹簧，并通过螺母和托盘固定；在围岩发生大变形的过程中，岩土体向径向发生位移带动圆形钢筒移动的同时挤压圆形钢筒内的弹簧而伸长，从而实现伸缩功能，直到为锚杆设定的让压量耗尽才停止伸缩。As a preference, the pressure anchor rod is composed of a nut, a tray, a spring, a circular steel cylinder and a rod body. One end of the rod body is inserted in the circular steel cylinder, and a spring is sleeved on it, and the nut and the tray Fixed; in the process of large deformation of the surrounding rock, the rock and soil mass moves radially to drive the circular steel cylinder to move and at the same time squeeze the spring in the circular steel cylinder to elongate, so as to realize the telescopic function until it becomes the anchor rod The stretching will not stop until the set pressure is exhausted.
作为优选，所述的可缩式构件是由内圆形钢筒和外圆形钢筒组成，内圆形钢筒和外圆形钢筒的底部均与法兰盘连接，其中内圆形钢筒距端部一定距离处设置有一圈等间距一定深度的四个凹槽，凹槽内放置有小弹簧，小弹簧与凸缘体接触，内圆形钢筒的端部与一块端部钢板连接，外圆形钢筒距顶部一定距离依次向下设有等间距四圈外圆形钢筒凹槽，大弹簧放置在外圆形钢筒内，法兰盘的四个角分别设置有螺栓孔；在现场先组装可缩式构件，同时挤压四个凸缘体使其卡入外圆形钢筒的第一圈外圆形钢筒凹槽内，同时使内圆形钢筒的底部与大弹簧接触并使大弹簧处于压缩状态。Preferably, the shrinkable member is composed of an inner circular steel cylinder and an outer circular steel cylinder, and the bottoms of the inner circular steel cylinder and the outer circular steel cylinder are connected to flanges, wherein the inner circular steel cylinder There is a circle of four grooves at a certain distance from the end of the cylinder, and there are four grooves at a certain depth at equal intervals. A small spring is placed in the groove, and the small spring is in contact with the flange body. The end of the inner circular steel cylinder is connected with an end steel plate. , the outer circular steel cylinder is at a certain distance from the top, and there are four circular steel cylinder grooves at equal intervals downwards, the large spring is placed in the outer circular steel cylinder, and the four corners of the flange are respectively provided with bolt holes; Assemble the shrinkable components on site first, and simultaneously squeeze the four flanges to make them snap into the groove of the first round of the outer circular steel cylinder, and at the same time make the bottom of the inner circular steel cylinder and the large The spring contacts and puts the big spring in compression.
作为优选，所述的可缩式构件的受力变形特征是当岩土体的变形量加大到使可缩式构件预设的阻力时使其发生缩动。Preferably, the stress-deformation feature of the retractable member is that when the deformation of the rock and soil mass increases to a preset resistance, the retractable member will shrink.
作为优选，所述的可缩式构件为增阻式构件，在发生缩动的过程中，凸缘体在两圈外圆形钢筒凹槽之间时，其阻力是内圆形钢筒底部压缩大弹簧产生，当凸缘体进入下一圈外圆形钢筒凹槽时，其阻力是凸缘体与外圆形钢筒凹槽的接触部分和压缩大弹簧共同产生，直到当阻力足够大以达到阻止围岩变形或设定的让压量耗尽为止该装置才不发生缩动。Preferably, the retractable member is a resistance-increasing member. During the retraction process, when the flange body is between the grooves of the two outer circular steel cylinders, its resistance is equal to that of the bottom of the inner circular steel cylinder. When the flange body enters the groove of the next outer circular steel cylinder, the resistance is generated jointly by the contact part of the flange body and the groove of the outer circular steel cylinder and the compression of the large spring until the resistance is sufficient The device does not shrink until the deformation of the surrounding rock is prevented or the set pressure is exhausted.
本发明的有益效果：它通过将让压锚杆、可缩式构件、钢拱架、矩形橡胶减震器和喷射混凝土组成的联合体与围岩发生统一的协调变形，不仅能够有效地实现保持一定支护阻力维持围岩稳定的同时，允许支护体系产生一定的位移，而且还能达到支护、让压及卸载多重并举的功能。Beneficial effects of the present invention: it not only can effectively realize the maintenance of A certain support resistance maintains the stability of the surrounding rock, while allowing the support system to produce a certain displacement, and it can also achieve multiple simultaneous functions of support, pressure relief and unloading.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了易于说明，本发明由下述的具体实施及附图作以详细描述。For ease of illustration, the present invention is described in detail by the following specific implementations and accompanying drawings.
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2为本发明中钢拱架单元的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the steel arch unit in the present invention.
图3为本发明中矩形橡胶减震器的安装结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rectangular rubber shock absorber in the present invention.
图4为本发明中让压锚杆的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the yielding anchor rod in the present invention.
图5为本发明中可缩式构件的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the retractable member in the present invention.
图6为本发明中内圆形钢筒的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the inner circular steel cylinder in the present invention.
图7为本发明中外圆形钢筒的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the middle and outer circular steel cylinders of the present invention.
图8为本发明中内圆形钢筒的俯视图。Fig. 8 is a top view of the inner circular steel cylinder in the present invention.
图9为本发明中外圆形钢筒的俯视图。Fig. 9 is a top view of the outer circular steel cylinder in the present invention.
1-钢拱架；2-喷射混凝土层；3-让压锚杆；3-1-螺母；3-2-托盘；3-3-弹簧；3-4-圆形钢筒；3-5-杆体；4-可缩式单元；5-可缩式构件；5-1-内圆形钢筒；5-2-外圆形钢筒；5-3-法兰盘；5-4-凹槽；5-5-小弹簧；5-6-凸缘体；5-7-端部钢板；5-8-外圆形钢筒凹槽；5-9-大弹簧；5-10-螺栓孔；6-矩形橡胶减震器；7-隔板。1-Steel arch frame; 2-Shotcrete layer; 3-Pressure anchor rod; 3-1-Nut; 3-2-Tray; 3-3-Spring; 3-4-Circular steel cylinder; 3-5- Rod body; 4-retractable unit; 5-retractable component; 5-1-inner circular steel cylinder; 5-2-outer circular steel cylinder; 5-3-flange; 5-4-groove ;5-5-small spring; 5-6-flange body; 5-7-end steel plate; 5-8-outer circular steel cylinder groove; 5-9-big spring; 5-10-bolt hole; 6-rectangular rubber shock absorber; 7-partition.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1-图9所示，本具体实施方式采用以下技术方案：它包含钢拱架1、喷射混凝土层2、让压锚杆3和可缩式单元4，沿隧道纵向由内至外依次设置有钢拱架1、喷射混凝土层2和让压锚杆3，其中钢拱架1是由四个单元组成，每个钢拱架1的肩部和腰部均设置有可缩式单元4，且通过法兰盘与钢拱架1连接，可缩式单元4是由可缩式构件5和矩形橡胶减震器6组成，每个钢拱架1的两端均设置有可缩式构件5，可缩式构件5之间预留有变形槽，变形槽内设置有矩形橡胶减震器6，矩形橡胶减震器6与喷射混凝土层2之间设置有隔板7，喷射混凝土层2上按一定间距设置有数个让压锚杆3。As shown in Figures 1-9, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical scheme: it includes a steel arch 1, a shotcrete layer 2, a pressure anchor rod 3 and a retractable unit 4, which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the tunnel longitudinal direction. A steel arch 1, a shotcrete layer 2 and a yielding anchor 3 are provided, wherein the steel arch 1 is composed of four units, and the shoulder and waist of each steel arch 1 are provided with retractable units 4, And it is connected with the steel arch 1 through a flange, the retractable unit 4 is composed of a retractable member 5 and a rectangular rubber shock absorber 6, and each steel arch 1 is provided with a retractable member 5 at both ends , a deformation groove is reserved between the shrinkable components 5, a rectangular rubber shock absorber 6 is arranged in the deformation groove, a partition 7 is arranged between the rectangular rubber shock absorber 6 and the shotcrete layer 2, and the shotcrete layer 2 Several yielding anchor rods 3 are arranged at certain intervals.
其中，所述的钢拱架1采用工字钢拼接而成，单榀钢拱架1通过法兰盘螺栓连接，纵向两榀钢拱架1之间采用纵向连接筋连接；所述的让压锚杆3是由螺母3-1、托盘3-2、弹簧3-3、圆形钢筒3-4和杆体3-5组成，杆体3-5的一端插设在圆形钢筒3-4内，其上套设有弹簧3-3，并通过螺母3-1和托盘3-2固定；在围岩发生大变形的过程中，岩土体向径向发生位移带动圆形钢筒3-4移动的同时挤压圆形钢筒3-4内的弹簧3-3而伸长，从而实现伸缩功能，直到为锚杆设定的让压量耗尽才停止伸缩；所述的可缩式构件5是由内圆形钢筒5-1和外圆形钢筒5-2组成，内圆形钢筒5-1和外圆形钢筒5-2的底部均与法兰盘5-3连接，其中内圆形钢筒5-1距端部一定距离处设置有一圈等间距一定深度的四个凹槽5-4，凹槽5-4内放置有小弹簧5-5，小弹簧5-5与凸缘体5-6接触，内圆形钢筒5-1的端部与一块端部钢板5-7连接，外圆形钢筒5-2距顶部一定距离依次向下设有等间距四圈外圆形钢筒凹槽5-8，大弹簧5-9放置在外圆形钢筒5-2内，法兰盘5-3的四个角分别设置有螺栓孔5-10；在现场先组装可缩式构件5，同时挤压四个凸缘体5-6使其卡入外圆形钢筒5-2的第一圈外圆形钢筒凹槽5-8内，同时使内圆形钢筒5-1的底部与大弹簧5-9接触并使大弹簧5-9处于压缩状态；所述的可缩式构件5的受力变形特征是当岩土体的变形量加大到使可缩式构件5预设的阻力时使其发生缩动；所述的可缩式构件5为增阻式构件，在发生缩动的过程中，凸缘体5-6在两圈外圆形钢筒凹槽5-8之间时，其阻力是内圆形钢筒5-1底部压缩大弹簧5-9产生，当凸缘体5-6进入下一圈外圆形钢筒凹槽5-8时，其阻力是凸缘体5-6与外圆形钢筒凹槽5-8的接触部分和压缩大弹簧5-9共同产生，直到当阻力足够大以达到阻止围岩变形或设定的让压量耗尽为止该装置才不发生缩动。Wherein, the steel arches 1 are spliced by I-beams, the single steel arches 1 are connected by flange bolts, and the two longitudinal steel arches 1 are connected by longitudinal connecting bars; The anchor rod 3 is composed of a nut 3-1, a tray 3-2, a spring 3-3, a circular steel cylinder 3-4 and a rod body 3-5, and one end of the rod body 3-5 is inserted in the circular steel cylinder 3-4 Inside, a spring 3-3 is set on it, and is fixed by a nut 3-1 and a tray 3-2; in the process of large deformation of the surrounding rock, the radial displacement of the rock and soil drives the circular steel cylinder 3- 4 Squeeze the spring 3-3 in the circular steel cylinder 3-4 to stretch while moving, so as to realize the telescopic function, and stop stretching until the pressure set for the anchor rod is exhausted; the retractable type The component 5 is composed of an inner circular steel cylinder 5-1 and an outer circular steel cylinder 5-2, and the bottoms of the inner circular steel cylinder 5-1 and the outer circular steel cylinder 5-2 are connected with the flange plate 5-3 connection, wherein the inner circular steel cylinder 5-1 is provided with four grooves 5-4 at a certain distance at a certain distance from the end, and there are four grooves 5-4 at a certain depth at equal intervals, and a small spring 5-5 is placed in the groove 5-4, and a small spring 5 -5 is in contact with the flange body 5-6, the end of the inner circular steel cylinder 5-1 is connected with an end steel plate 5-7, and the outer circular steel cylinder 5-2 is arranged downwards at a certain distance from the top, etc. The groove 5-8 of the outer circular steel cylinder with a distance of four circles, the large spring 5-9 is placed in the outer circular steel cylinder 5-2, and the four corners of the flange 5-3 are respectively provided with bolt holes 5-10; First assemble the shrinkable member 5 on site, and simultaneously squeeze the four flanges 5-6 to snap into the groove 5-8 of the first circle of the outer circular steel cylinder 5-2. The bottom of the inner circular steel cylinder 5-1 is in contact with the large spring 5-9 and makes the large spring 5-9 in a compressed state; When it is large enough to make the preset resistance of the retractable member 5 retract; the retractable member 5 is a resistance-increasing member. Between the grooves 5-8 of the outer circular steel cylinder, the resistance is generated by the compression of the large spring 5-9 at the bottom of the inner circular steel cylinder 5-1. When the flange body 5-6 enters the next round of the outer circular steel cylinder When groove 5-8, its resistance is that the contact part of flange body 5-6 and outer circular steel cylinder groove 5-8 and compression big spring 5-9 jointly produce, until when resistance is big enough to reach to stop surrounding rock The device does not shrink until the deformation or the set pressure is exhausted.
本具体实施方式通过将让压锚杆、可缩式构件、钢拱架、矩形橡胶减震器和喷射混凝土组成的联合体与围岩发生统一的协调变形，不仅能够有效地实现保持一定支护阻力维持围岩稳定的同时，允许支护体系产生一定的位移，而且还能达到支护、让压及卸载多重并举的功能。This specific implementation mode not only can effectively realize the maintenance of a certain support but also effectively achieve While the resistance maintains the stability of the surrounding rock, it allows the support system to have a certain displacement, and it can also achieve multiple simultaneous functions of support, pressure relief and unloading.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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