CN1062681A - 有压低速连续液流转变成高速脉冲液流的方法和装置 - Google Patents

有压低速连续液流转变成高速脉冲液流的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1062681A
CN1062681A CN91109771A CN91109771A CN1062681A CN 1062681 A CN1062681 A CN 1062681A CN 91109771 A CN91109771 A CN 91109771A CN 91109771 A CN91109771 A CN 91109771A CN 1062681 A CN1062681 A CN 1062681A
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liquid
liquid stream
elastic tube
flow
fuse
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CN1042260C (zh
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吉迪恩·鲁顿伯格
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Irrigation Products Development Research Co ltd
Developed Research for Irrigation Products Inc
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Irrigation Products Development Research Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/08—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators
    • B05B1/083—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators the pulsating mechanism comprising movable parts
    • B05B1/086—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators the pulsating mechanism comprising movable parts with a resiliently deformable element, e.g. sleeve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/06—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet by jet reaction, i.e. creating a spinning torque due to a tangential component of the jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/14—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with oscillating elements; with intermittent operation
    • B05B3/16—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with oscillating elements; with intermittent operation driven or controlled by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7879—Resilient material valve
    • Y10T137/7888—With valve member flexing about securement
    • Y10T137/7889—Sleeve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86389—Programmer or timer
    • Y10T137/86405—Repeating cycle
    • Y10T137/86413—Self-cycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87587—Combining by aspiration
    • Y10T137/87643—With condition responsive valve

Abstract

将低速连续液流转变成高速脉冲间断液流的方 法和装置，以供在低速液流下运用于喷晒头或洒水器 等中。液流在受控的低流速下导入一容器中。由该 容器流出的液流由压力响应常闭阀所限制，直至由导 入的液流所产生的压力足以逼迫该阀开启，在响应水 力阻尼下，该阀被逼迫扩张，并将液体以高速脉冲间 断液流形式喷出。本发明实质上涉及一种装置，该装 置将其所包含的容器，阀和水力阻尼器三个基本部件 用紧箍在刚性总子周围的弹性管代替之。

Description

世界上的大部分树木每天仅需要很少量的水。如果每天24小时都给树供水的话，每株树仅要求很小的水流即可满足树的需要。为使根系很好地生长，且在土壤中为树贮备水，应以这样的方式给树木供水，即在树周围要有大面积湿润的区域。通常所用的系统，使用这样的小水量不能湿润树周围大面积区域。为了得到大面积湿润区域，使用这些系统每株树将需要较大流量，这就使得这类系统复杂并昂贵，且需要大直径的管道及许多阀控制该系统。本发明所述的方法和装置，是采用一个能喷水的喷淋装置，并用很小水量能湿润树周围大面积区域。
本发明涉及一种将加压低速连续液流转变成加压高速间断液流的装置和方法。这里所描述的加压水力转换器（P.H.T）能使低速连续液流以连续重复方式转变成脉冲高速液流。
尽管在每个脉冲循环中，从P.H.T流出的液流在很短时间内流速较高，但它的某些与高速液流有关的特性可以用低速液流来得到。
一种较好的脉冲装置是：一种常闭脉冲阀，它以这样一种方式使脉冲装置的三种基本部件：
a.接受器，
b.预置压力常闭阀，
c.水力阻尼器，
均产生在该脉冲阀的本体内。
这种脉冲阀由一个在它的进口处对第一预置压力响应的常闭“阀”和一个在它的出口处对第二预置压力响应的常闭“阀”以及一个在该脉冲阀内的上述二个“阀”之间的接受容器所组成。第二个常闭阀也起着前述的水力阻尼器的作用，若需要的话，可通过使用前述相同装置或通过在脉冲阀出液口连接该相同装置作为该脉冲阀的一部分，在该脉冲阀内或在常闭阀出液口的下游产生附加阻尼作用。
图1（在PCT申请中9/1）为一个常闭阀的剖面图，其中：
图1a（9/1a）表示阀在常闭位置，
图1b（9/1b）表示阀在开启脉冲位置。
图1所示是A型常闭脉冲阀。
该阀有一个弹性管9101，外壳9102和芯子9103组成。芯子9103有一进液口9104及出液口9105。外壳9102有一个孔9106，围绕弹性管9101的空腔9107通过该孔排空。芯子9103有一个倒钩9108，用以将弹性管9101固定在一定位置。芯子9103有一个开口9109，可用以将阀固定在支撑杆上。芯子9103在它的进液口9104处有一个其末端9111封闭的圆筒状开孔9110和一个在它周围的穿孔9112。芯子9103在它的出液口9105处有一个其末端9114封闭的圆筒状开孔9113和它周围的穿孔9115。芯子9103的段部9116和台阶9117用来将外壳9102连接到芯子9103上。芯子9103的外径9118可使阀用它在进液口9104处的外径连接到一管子或装配件。进液口9104还有一个筒状的开孔9119用于B型液流控制器〔请看图7/2〕，在开孔9119中安装了管9120来控制进入阀的液流流量Q·0。芯子9103的中心段部9121的外径小于倒钩9108段部的外径。芯子9103的段部9122的外径小于中心段部9121的外径。芯子9103的段部9123的外径大于段部9122的外径，这是为了将弹性管9101固定在一定的位置上。芯子9103的段部9124用来连接喷淋装置，将它套在段部9124的外径上，或将它插入段部9124的内径上。
弹性管9101的内径小于芯子9103在段部9121和段部9122的外径。
图1a表示在其封闭位置的A型常闭脉冲阀。
弹性管9101紧箍住芯子9103，将孔9112封闭，防止液流从进液口9104通过阀流到出液口9105。
图1b表示在其脉冲阶段的A型常闭脉冲阀。
当进液口9104的液流压力P·1高于阀的预置压力P·0时，低速受控流率Q·0由流量控制器9120〔或通过其它型式液流控制器，它可以是与进液口9104相连的一个压力补偿滴水器，滴水器或喷嘴〕来控制而流入在脉冲阀进液口9104的圆筒状开孔9110中，在圆筒状开孔9110中的液流压力P·1使弹性管9101扩张，其直径响应压力P·1增加到D·1。然后液流通过孔9112流入芯子9103的外径9121和弹性管9101内径D·1之间的空腔9125。在这一阶段，液流以流率Q·0通过段部9121周围的空腔9125形成的较小开敞截面。
沿段部9121产生压降dp，为使液流能连续的以流率Q·0流过，在圆筒状开孔9110中的压力必须从P·1增加到P·2，且P·2＝P·1+dp。响应在圆筒状开孔9110的压力P·2，弹性管9101的内径增加到D·2。
在弹性管9101内径D·2和在段部9121芯子外径之间的流体螺积体积为dv。在芯子9103的外径9121和弹性管9101的内径D·2之间形成的空腔9125的较大开敞截面，使得流体体积dv以高速流率Q·1通过段部9121和段部9122，孔9115和圆筒状开孔9133，经出液口9105流出。当液流从空腔9125以高速流率Q·1流出和以低速流率流入空腔9125时，在空腔9125的流体体积dv减小，空腔9125压力降低，弹性管9101的内径减小，并小于芯子9103在其段部9121的外径。弹性管9101紧箍在孔9112上，关闭进液口9104并结束一个脉冲循环。
在弹性管9101内径D·2和芯子截面9121段的外径之间，流体累积体积为dv。在芯子9103外径9121和弹性管9101内径D·2之间形成较大开敝截面空间9125，使得流体体积dv以高速率Q·1通过截面9121段和截面9122段，孔9115和园筒状9113。经液流出口9105流出。当液流从空腔9125以高流速Q·1流出和以低流速流入9125时，在空腔9125的流体体积dv减小，空腔9125压力降低，弹性管9101的内径减小，并小于芯子9103在其截面9121段的外径。弹性管9101紧箍在孔9112上，关闭液流进口9104并结束一个脉冲循环。

Claims (10)

1、用于将加压低速连续液流转变成高速间断脉冲液流的装置，包括一个紧箍在刚性芯子上的弹性管，所述弹性管通过紧箍在具有较其大的外径的芯子部位而固定在该刚性芯子的末端，其中在所述的芯子有在其一端封闭的圆筒状的进液口和出液口和在它周围的穿孔，在所述穿孔处由所述的弹性管紧紧包裹着而形成常闭预置压力响应阀，切断了流过所述孔的液流，当所述装置的进液口处的液体压力高到足以使所述弹性管扩张时，则液流进入芯子周围的空腔和封闭的所述弹性管的内部，当所述空腔内部液流体积和压力增加时，所述空腔内部液体压力增加并使在上述空腔出口处的弹性管扩张，然后，液流在所述芯子出液口段通过圆筒状上的孔流出所述空腔，其结果是在所述空腔出液口压力降低，在所述空腔内部压力增加，使弹性管产生进一步扩张，因而在所述空腔的出液口产生更大的开口，当液流通过装置进液口以低速流连续流入所述空腔，液流通过上述孔从上述空腔和上述装置出液口以高速液流喷出，其结果液流是以低速连续流入装置，以高速脉冲间断流从装置喷出。
2、按权利要求1的装置，其中由于增加了喷射液流的压力和速度的阀的快速响应而产生一个水蜂音。
3、按权利要求1的装置，其中弹性管是一个弹性挤压管。
4、根据权利要求1的装置，其弹性管有不同直径和壁厚。
5、根据权利要求1的装置，其中该装置是装在一个外壳内。
6、根据权利要求1的装置，其喷射液流分布的型式由所述芯子的出口形状控制。
7、根据权利要求1的装置，其中喷射液流的型式由所述装置的出液口连接一个喷头来控制。
8、根据权利要求1的装置，其中进入所述装置的液流通过一个流量控制器来控制。
9、带有根据权利要求1所述的装置的喷洒头，通过这个喷洒头，低速水流被喷洒到所设计的大面积区域。
10、带有根据权利要求1所述的装置的洒水器，其中进入洒水器的低速液流，以高速间断脉冲流喷出。
CN91109771A 1990-09-10 1991-09-10 有压低速连续液流转变成高速间断液流的脉冲液流装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1042260C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
USPCT/US90/05033 1990-09-10
AU63490/90A AU653138C (en) 1990-09-10 Method and apparatus for converting pressurized low continuous flow to high flow in pulses
PCT/US1990/005033 WO1992004126A1 (en) 1990-09-10 1990-09-10 Method and apparatus for converting pressurized low continuous flow to high flow in pulses
IL9563090A IL95630A (en) 1990-09-10 1990-09-10 Method and apparatus for converting pressurized low continuous flow to high flow in pulses
US08/396,176 US5507436A (en) 1990-09-10 1995-02-24 Method and apparatus for converting pressurized low continuous flow to high flow in pulses

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CN1062681A true CN1062681A (zh) 1992-07-15
CN1042260C CN1042260C (zh) 1999-02-24

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US (1) US5507436A (zh)
EP (1) EP0548072B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH06500255A (zh)
KR (1) KR0151837B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1042260C (zh)
AT (1) ATE190865T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9008044A (zh)
DE (1) DE69033496D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2152916T3 (zh)
HU (1) HU217265B (zh)
IL (3) IL95630A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ239673A (zh)
PT (1) PT98925B (zh)
RU (1) RU2126300C1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1992004126A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA917062B (zh)

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BR9008044A (pt) 1994-01-25
ATE190865T1 (de) 2000-04-15
IL119472A0 (en) 1997-01-10
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RU2126300C1 (ru) 1999-02-20
PT98925A (pt) 1994-01-31
IL95630A0 (en) 1991-06-30
WO1992004126A1 (en) 1992-03-19
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HU9300649D0 (en) 1993-06-28
US5507436A (en) 1996-04-16
EP0548072A1 (en) 1993-06-30
PT98925B (pt) 1999-04-30
IL119472A (en) 1998-03-10
DE69033496D1 (de) 2000-04-27
HUT68465A (en) 1995-06-28
IL95630A (en) 1997-01-10
CN1042260C (zh) 1999-02-24
ES2152916T3 (es) 2001-02-16
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JPH06500255A (ja) 1994-01-13
KR0151837B1 (ko) 1998-10-15

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