CN106259065A - A kind of cultural method of fresh water shrimp - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the cultural method of a kind of fresh water shrimp, comprise the following steps: step 1: breeding facility；Step 2: put front preparation in a suitable place to breed；Step 3: shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed by Seedling shrimp species；Step 4: science is thrown something and fed；Step 5: daily management；Step 6: fish for.The cultural method of fresh water shrimp of the present invention, step is simple, and cultivation survival rate is high, yield foot.

Description

A kind of cultural method of fresh water shrimp

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture method, the cultural method of a kind of fresh water shrimp.

Background technology

Fresh water shrimp vegetal pole horn of plenty, containing protein be fish, egg, several times to tens times of milk；Possibly together with abundant potassium, Mineral and the compositions such as vitamin A, aminophylline such as iodine, magnesium, phosphorus, and its meat is the same with fish soft, easy to digest, can yet be regarded as old age The nutrient excellent product that people eats, has benifit to healthy pole；To physical weakness and to need the people taken good care of after being ill be also fabulous food, Magnesium has important regulation and promotes to a post cardiomotility, can well protect cardiovascular system, and it can reduce Blood Cholesterol and contain Amount, prevents arteriosclerosis, simultaneously can also coronary artery dilator, beneficially prophylaxis of hypertension and myocardial infarction, containing abundant in shrimp Magnesium, the often edible deficiency that can supplement magnesium, the lactogenesis effect of shrimp is relatively strong, and rich in phosphorus, calcium, to children's, anemia of pregnant woman You You Tonification effect, the scientist of Osaka, Japan university is recently, it has been found that astaxanthin in shrimp body contributes to eliminating and produces because of jet lag Raw " jet lag ", dried small shrimps has sedation, is commonly used to treat neurasthenia, all diseases of autonomic nervous dysfunction.The most worth One is mentioned that, old people often eats dried small shrimps, and self can be prevented because of the osteoporosis caused by calcium deficiency；Put in the food of old people Dried small shrimps, can prevent self because of the osteoporosis caused by calcium deficiency；Some dried small shrimps are put, to improving appetite and increasing in the food of old people Strong body constitution is the most very good, and shrimp-roe (shrimp ovum) has another name called the shrimp spring, and containing high protein, supporing yang effect is favourable, and person who suffer from deficiency of kidney Yang can often be eaten.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is to provide the cultural method of a kind of fresh water shrimp.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the cultural method of a kind of fresh water shrimp, comprises the following steps:

Step 1: breeding facility: selection area 4～10 mu, deep 1～1.5 meter, slope ratio 1: 2.5, smooth at the bottom of pond, substrate is loam, Pond good water-retaining property, has abundant water resources, the pond of water nonpollution, fills the general layout of low row according to height, builds into drainage ditch, thin with plastics Film or calcium-plastic board, impale anti-escaping along the ridge, pond surrounding bamboo stake or timber support；

Step 2: put front preparation in a suitable place to breed: shrimp Seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 20～30 days, drain water, removes too much mud, rebuilds Chi Geng, often Mu quick lime 75 kilograms or bleaching powder, thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized；Execute become thoroughly decomposed poultry muck 500～600 kilograms, culture of rotifera for every mu With cladocera, Copepods plankton；Planting hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, waterweed in pond, area accounts for the 2/3 of shrimp pool area, In pond, set up mesh sheet simultaneously or thick bamboo tube, plastic barrel be set, provide for fresh water shrimp perch, shell, sheltered situation；

Step 3: shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed by Seedling shrimp species:

(1) putting in a suitable place to breed summer, to put first the young shrimp hatched then in a suitable place to breed, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed, young shrimp specification was in mid or late July More than 0.8 centimetre；Put 30,000～40,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；

(2) put in a suitable place to breed autumn, to put the big specification shrimp Seedling or shrimp species cultivated then in a suitable place to breed, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed be mid-August to JIUYUE, Shrimp Seedling specification 1.2 centimetres, puts 2.5 ten thousand～30,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；Shrimp species specification 2.5～3 centimetres, put 1.5 ten thousand～20,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；

(3) Winter-Spring stocking model, put in a suitable place to breed in December or next year 3～April, and specification is per kilogram 100～200, puts in a suitable place to breed for every mu 1.5 ten thousand～20,000 tails；

Step 4: science is thrown something and fed: after shrimp Seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, will impose fertilizer in good time, water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer, 8～the fast fast-growing of shrimp in October In the long stage, feed wheat bran, soybean cake and green forage, be suitably fed for animal fodder, 11～before December shrimp survives the winter, with animal of throwing something and feeding Property feedstuff is main；

Step 5: daily management: set up and patrol pond inspection system, patrol pond every day, note abnormalities and take some countermeasures in time；Keep shrimp pond molten Oxygen amount more than 5 grams per liters, pH value 7～8.5, transparency 40 centimetres, within every 15～20 days, change a water, change water 1/3 every time, every 20 It lime water of splashing, each every mu with quick lime 10 kilograms, keep stable level；Strengthen perching shell site management, Shrimp pond remains more water plant, has forbidden during large quantities of shrimp shell to disturb, increased immediately after shell and feed the agreeable to the taste feedstuff of high-quality, Prevent from cutting one another's throat, promote growth；Prevent escaping diseases prevention, strengthen flood season checking, be strictly on guard against and escape shrimp, carry out disease control and harmful animal removes work Make；

Step 6: commercial sized prawn is fished for and transported: 6～July and 11～December concentrate fish for, first with cage net, fishing net catch, Last pond of doing again catches.

Described step 3, when putting in a suitable place to breed, fry quality shrimp Seedling shrimp species prescription is:

(1) neat specification, young shrimp specification more than 0.8 centimetre, shrimp species specification at 3 centimetres, the shrimp Seedling shrimp species that same pond is put in a suitable place to breed Specification wants consistent, once puts foot；

(2) body constitution is healthy and strong, and appendage is complete, and anosis without wound, vitality is strong；

(3) shrimp Seedling shrimp species are all artificial culture, as put wild shrimp species in a suitable place to breed, should put in a suitable place to breed after raising and train, in order to avoid mutually fighting again Cannibalisation；

Described step 3, when putting in a suitable place to breed, puts in a suitable place to breed and selects fine day and carry out the morning, put in a suitable place to breed in summer and autumn and select fine day morning or overcast and rainy winter Carry out, it is to avoid solar exposure；Shrimp species are washed 10 minutes with 3%～5% Sal water-bath before putting in a suitable place to breed, kill parasite and pathogenic bacterium；From The shrimp species that other places is bought, because of longer from the water time, should slightly process before putting in a suitable place to breed, by soaking 1 minute in shrimp species pool water within, mention and put Put 2～3 minutes, then soak 1 minute, 2～3 times the most repeatedly, allow shrimp species body surface and the gill cavity put in a suitable place to breed again after suctioning moisture, to improve Survival rate.

The cultural method of fresh water shrimp of the present invention, step is simple, and cultivation survival rate is high, yield foot.

Detailed description of the invention

The invention will be further described with the following Examples.

Embodiment 1 uses following steps to carry out the cultivation of fresh water shrimp:

Step 1: breeding facility: pond area is with 10 mu, and deep 1.5 meters, slope ratio 1: 2.5, smooth at the bottom of pond, substrate is with loam, Chi Po Soil property is harder, pond good water-retaining property, and water level easy-regulating is had abundant water resources, water nonpollution, fills the general layout of low row according to height, builds up Entering drainage ditch, accomplish to fill, row draws, fresh water shrimp escape capability is relatively strong, does escaping-preventing facilities construction well, generally uses plastic sheeting Or calcium-plastic board, impale anti-escaping along the ridge, pond surrounding bamboo stake or timber support；

Step 2: put front preparation in a suitable place to breed: shrimp Seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 30 days, drain water, removes too much mud, rebuilds Chi Geng, every mu of use Thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized for quick lime 75 kilograms；Execute 600 kilograms of the poultry muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed, culture of rotifera and cladocera, Copepods for every mu to float Trip biology, provides agreeable to the taste bait for shrimp Seedling shrimp species；Planting hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, waterweed in pond, area accounts for shrimp pool area 2/3, meanwhile, set up mesh sheet, thick bamboo tube, plastic barrel etc. are set, for fresh water shrimp provide perch, shell, sheltered situation；

Step 3: shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed by Seedling shrimp species: autumn stocking model, to put the big specification shrimp Seedling or shrimp species cultivated then in a suitable place to breed, put in a suitable place to breed Time is fine day morning mid-August, and shrimp Seedling specification 1.2 cm puts 30,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；Shrimp species use 3% saline solution before putting in a suitable place to breed Bath is washed 10 minutes, kills parasite and pathogenic bacterium；

Step 4: science is thrown something and fed: after shrimp Seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, will impose fertilizer in good time, water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer, 8～the fast fast-growing of shrimp in October In the long stage, feed wheat bran, soybean cake and green forage, be suitably fed for animal fodder, 11～before December shrimp survives the winter, with animal of throwing something and feeding Property feedstuff is main；

Step 5: daily management: set up and patrol pond inspection system, patrol pond every day, note abnormalities and take some countermeasures in time；Keep shrimp pond molten Oxygen amount more than 5 grams per liters, pH value 7～8.5, transparency 40 centimetres, within every 20 days, change a water, change water 1/3 every time, within every 20 days, sprinkle Spill a lime water, each every mu with quick lime 10 kilograms, keep stable level；Strengthen perching shell site management, shrimp pond In remained more water plant, forbid during large quantities of shrimp shell interference, after shell immediately increase feed the agreeable to the taste feedstuff of high-quality, prevent Cut one another's throat, promote growth；Prevent escaping diseases prevention, strengthen flood season checking, be strictly on guard against and escape shrimp, carry out disease control and harmful animal removes work；

Step 6: commercial sized prawn is fished for and transported: concentrate in 11～December and fish for, first catch with instruments such as cage net, fishing nets, After do pond again and catch, it is also possible to catching and stay greatly little, fish for throughout the year, commercial sized prawn is generally by the dry fortune of foam plastic reservoir, it is also possible to use plastics Packed fortune, or ship with refrigerator car, keep shrimp body to moisten during transport, do not extrude, to improve transportation survival rate.

Through cultivation, it is thus achieved that commercial sized prawn weight 25 grams, per mu yield 300～500 kilograms.

Embodiment 2 uses following steps to carry out the cultivation of fresh water shrimp:

Step 1: breeding facility: pond area is with 8 mu, and deep 1 meter, slope ratio 1: 2.5, smooth at the bottom of pond, substrate is with loam, slope, pond soil property Harder, pond good water-retaining property, water level easy-regulating, have abundant water resources, water nonpollution, fill the general layout of low row according to height, build up into row Water channel, accomplishes to fill, and row draws, fresh water shrimp escape capability is relatively strong, does escaping-preventing facilities construction well, generally with plastic sheeting or calcium Mould plate, impale anti-escaping along the ridge, pond surrounding bamboo stake or timber support；

Step 2: put front preparation in a suitable place to breed: shrimp Seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 20 days, drain water, removes too much mud, rebuilds Chi Geng, every mu of use Thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized for quick lime 75 kilograms；Execute 500 kilograms of the poultry muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed, culture of rotifera and cladocera, Copepods for every mu to float Trip biology, provides agreeable to the taste bait for shrimp Seedling shrimp species；Planting hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, waterweed in pond, area accounts for shrimp pool area 2/3, meanwhile, set up mesh sheet, thick bamboo tube, plastic barrel etc. are set, for fresh water shrimp provide perch, shell, sheltered situation；

Step 3: shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed by Seedling shrimp species: Winter-Spring stocking model, puts in a suitable place to breed at December, with put in a suitable place to breed do not meet then listing specification shrimp be Main, specification is per kilogram 200, puts 1.5 ten thousand tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；Shrimp species are washed 10 minutes with 3% Sal water-bath before putting in a suitable place to breed, kill parasitism Worm and pathogenic bacterium；

Step 4: science is thrown something and fed: after shrimp Seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, will impose fertilizer in good time, water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer, at shrimp rapid growth stage, Feed wheat bran, soybean cake and green forage, be suitably fed for animal fodder；

Step 5: daily management: set up and patrol pond inspection system, patrol pond every day, note abnormalities and take some countermeasures in time；Keep shrimp pond molten Oxygen amount more than 5 grams per liters, pH value 7～8.5, transparency 40 centimetres, within every 15 days, change a water, change water 1/3 every time, within every 20 days, sprinkle Spill a lime water, each every mu with quick lime 10 kilograms, keep stable level；Strengthen perching shell site management, shrimp pond In remained more water plant, forbid during large quantities of shrimp shell interference, after shell immediately increase feed the agreeable to the taste feedstuff of high-quality, prevent Cut one another's throat, promote growth；Prevent escaping diseases prevention, strengthen flood season checking, be strictly on guard against and escape shrimp, carry out disease control and harmful animal removes work；

Step 6: commercial sized prawn is fished for and transported: cultivate through Winter-Spring, lists, first with cage net, fishing net etc. to 6～harvesting in July Instrument catches, and does pond the most again and catches, it is also possible to catches and stay greatly little, fish for throughout the year, and commercial sized prawn is generally by the dry fortune of foam plastic reservoir, also Can ship with plastic bag, or ship with refrigerator car, keep shrimp body to moisten during transport, do not extrude, to improve transportation survival rate.

Through cultivation, it is thus achieved that commercial sized prawn up to 30 grams, per mu yield 486 kilograms.

Last it should be noted that, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, rather than the present invention is protected Protecting the restriction of scope, although having made to explain to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the reality of technical solution of the present invention Matter and scope.

Claims (3)

1. the cultural method of a fresh water shrimp, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:

Step 1: breeding facility: selection area 4～10 mu, deep 1～1.5 meter, slope ratio 1: 2.5, smooth at the bottom of pond, substrate is loam, Pond good water-retaining property, has abundant water resources, the pond of water nonpollution, fills the general layout of low row according to height, builds into drainage ditch, thin with plastics Film or calcium-plastic board, impale anti-escaping along the ridge, pond surrounding bamboo stake or timber support；

Step 2: put front preparation in a suitable place to breed: shrimp Seedling shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed first 20～30 days, drain water, removes too much mud, rebuilds Chi Geng, often Mu quick lime 75 kilograms or bleaching powder, thoroughly pond is cleared and sterilized；Execute become thoroughly decomposed poultry muck 500～600 kilograms, culture of rotifera for every mu With cladocera, Copepods plankton；Planting hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus, waterweed in pond, area accounts for the 2/3 of shrimp pool area, In pond, set up mesh sheet simultaneously or thick bamboo tube, plastic barrel be set, provide for fresh water shrimp perch, shell, sheltered situation；

Step 3: shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed by Seedling shrimp species:

(1) putting in a suitable place to breed summer, to put first the young shrimp hatched then in a suitable place to breed, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed, young shrimp specification was in mid or late July More than 0.8 centimetre；Put 30,000～40,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；

(2) put in a suitable place to breed autumn, to put the big specification shrimp Seedling or shrimp species cultivated then in a suitable place to breed, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed be mid-August to JIUYUE, Shrimp Seedling specification 1.2 centimetres, puts 2.5 ten thousand～30,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；Shrimp species specification 2.5～3 centimetres, put 1.5 ten thousand～20,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu；

(3) Winter-Spring stocking model, put in a suitable place to breed in December or next year 3～April, and specification is per kilogram 100～200, puts in a suitable place to breed for every mu 1.5 ten thousand～20,000 tails；

Step 4: science is thrown something and fed: after shrimp Seedling, shrimp species are put in a suitable place to breed, will impose fertilizer in good time, water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer, 8～the fast fast-growing of shrimp in October In the long stage, feed wheat bran, soybean cake and green forage, be suitably fed for animal fodder, 11～before December shrimp survives the winter, with animal of throwing something and feeding Property feedstuff is main；

Step 5: daily management: set up and patrol pond inspection system, patrol pond every day, note abnormalities and take some countermeasures in time；Keep shrimp pond molten Oxygen amount more than 5 grams per liters, pH value 7～8.5, transparency 40 centimetres, within every 15～20 days, change a water, change water 1/3 every time, every 20 It lime water of splashing, each every mu with quick lime 10 kilograms, keep stable level；Strengthen perching shell site management, Shrimp pond remains more water plant, has forbidden during large quantities of shrimp shell to disturb, increased immediately after shell and feed the agreeable to the taste feedstuff of high-quality, Prevent from cutting one another's throat, promote growth；Prevent escaping diseases prevention, strengthen flood season checking, be strictly on guard against and escape shrimp, carry out disease control and harmful animal removes work Make；

Step 6: commercial sized prawn is fished for and transported: 6～July and 11～December concentrate fish for, first with cage net, fishing net catch, Last pond of doing again catches.

Cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 3, when putting in a suitable place to breed, fry quality shrimp Seedling shrimp species Prescription is:

(1) neat specification, young shrimp specification more than 0.8 centimetre, shrimp species specification at 3 centimetres, the shrimp Seedling shrimp species that same pond is put in a suitable place to breed Specification wants consistent, once puts foot；

(2) body constitution is healthy and strong, and appendage is complete, and anosis without wound, vitality is strong；

(3) shrimp Seedling shrimp species are all artificial culture, as put wild shrimp species in a suitable place to breed, should put in a suitable place to breed after raising and train, in order to avoid mutually fighting again Cannibalisation.

Cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 3, when putting in a suitable place to breed, puts in a suitable place to breed and selects fine day winter Carried out in the morning, puts in a suitable place to breed in summer and autumn and selects fine day morning or overcast and rainy carry out, it is to avoid solar exposure；Shrimp species put in a suitable place to breed before with 3%～ 5% Sal water-bath is washed 10 minutes, kills parasite and pathogenic bacterium；The shrimp species bought from other places, because of longer, before putting in a suitable place to breed from the water time Should slightly process, by soaking 1 minute in shrimp species pool water within, mention and shelve 2～3 minutes, then soak 1 minute, the most repeatedly 2～3 Secondary, allow shrimp species body surface and the gill cavity put in a suitable place to breed again after suctioning moisture, to improve survival rate.