CN106255248B - A railway anchor heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway anchor heating device, which includes a high-frequency generator circuit and an electromagnetic conversion device; , a connector and a conversion part, the conversion part includes a shell, a coil, a magnetizer, a protective layer and a filling layer, the protective layer covers the magnetizer, the coil is wound on the protective layer, the magnetizer, the protective layer The layer and the coil are located in the casing, and a filling layer is filled between the coil and the casing, and the two ends of the magnetizer protrude from the casing, and the coil is connected to the cable through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is located in the casing ; There is an interface on the output, which is used to connect with the cable of the electromagnetic conversion device by using an aviation plug or a quick connector. The railway anchor heating device has the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or transformation at the same time, and its induction heating effect is relatively ideal through actual verification.

Description

A railway anchor heating device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic induction heating, in particular to a railway anchor heating device.

Background technique

Electromagnetic induction heating comes from the electromagnetic induction phenomenon discovered by Faraday, that is, the alternating current generates an induced current in the conductor, which causes the conductor to heat up. Since the discovery of the heating effect of electric current passing through the wire, there have been many inventors engaged in the research and manufacture of electric heaters in the world. In 1890, Swedish technicians invented the first induction melting furnace, a slotted core furnace; in 1893, the prototype of electric iron appeared in the United States; in 1909, the emergence of electric stove realized the process of converting electric energy into heat energy; In 1999, the Americans invented the closed-slot cored furnace, and the electromagnetic induction technology gradually entered the practical stage.

The authorized announcement number is CN202969179U, and the Chinese patent document with the authorized announcement date on June 5, 2013 discloses a concrete sleeper electric heating windlass winch, including an electric control box and an electromagnetic induction heating head, and the electric control box is provided with a connection port , the electromagnetic induction heating head is connected to the electric control box through the connection port, the electromagnetic induction heating head is divided into a heating part and a connecting part, the connecting part is connected to the electric control box, and the heating part is sequentially from inside to outside The supporting layer, the heat insulating layer, the electromagnetic induction coil layer and the protective layer, the heating part is provided with an insertion hole, and the supporting layer encloses a heating chamber inside the heating part along the insertion hole. This patent uses electromagnetic induction heating to heat the anchor bolts, which improves the work efficiency, and the working head can be used repeatedly for a long time, and the structure is simple, easy to manufacture, and the reinstallation of new anchor bolts is fast and easy to use, ensuring railway transportation Safety.

At the same time, the publication number is 201312406, and the publication date is September 16, 2009. The Chinese patent document discloses a high-frequency generator, including a common-mode filter circuit, a rectifier circuit, a power amplifier circuit, a transformer circuit, a trigger circuit, and a high-frequency generator. Frequency generating circuit, DC output circuit, wherein, the common mode filter circuit, rectifier circuit, power amplifier circuit, transformer circuit are connected in sequence, the voltage signal output end of the transformer circuit is respectively connected to the trigger circuit, the power supply end of the high frequency generating circuit, trigger The trigger signal output end of the circuit is connected to the trigger signal input end of the high-frequency generating circuit, and the signal output end of the high-frequency generating circuit is connected to the signal input end of the DC output circuit. It is characterized in that: the DC output circuit includes two and two For the chip capacitors above, each chip capacitor is connected in parallel with each other. The DC output circuit is designed as two or more chip capacitors connected in parallel, and one, two or more chip capacitors can be connected according to the required output power, and the output power is scalable.

As mentioned in the above patent literature, there are many kinds of high-frequency generator circuit structures on the market, but in the field of electromagnetic induction heating technology, the existing high-frequency generator circuits have complex circuit structures, limited reliability, and insufficient efficiency. High disadvantage.

Moreover, the concrete sleeper electrothermal windlass machine represented by the above-mentioned patent documents can only play a heating role, and cannot simultaneously have the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or conversion; at the same time, in the actual application process, the above-mentioned patent documents As the prior art represented, its heating effect is not ideal enough.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a railway anchor heating device aimed at the defects and deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The present invention can invert alternating current or direct current into high-frequency alternating current. The circuit design is simple, stable and reliable, and adopts full digital signal In the processing process, the use of the circuit is flexible and the efficiency is high; at the same time, the invention has the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or conversion, and its induction heating effect is relatively ideal through actual verification.

The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

A railway anchor heating device, characterized in that it includes a high-frequency generator circuit and an electromagnetic conversion device; the high-frequency generator circuit includes: a rectification filter circuit, an inverter circuit and an output, and its circuit connection relationship is: rectification The filter circuit is connected to the mains, the positive and negative ends of the output of the rectification and filter circuit are connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit is connected to the output; the rectification and filter circuit is used to convert the input AC voltage into a DC voltage and supply it to the inverter circuit; the inverter circuit is used to convert the DC voltage into a high-frequency AC voltage; the electromagnetic conversion device is mainly composed of cables, connectors and conversion parts, The conversion part includes a shell, a coil, a magnetizer, a protective layer and a filling layer. The protective layer is covered on the magnetizer, and the coil is wound on the protective layer. The magnetizer, the protective layer and the The coil is located in the casing, a filling layer is filled between the coil and the casing, the two ends of the magnetizer protrude from the casing, the coil is connected to the cable through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is located in the casing; The above-mentioned output is provided with an interface, which is used to connect with the cable of the electromagnetic conversion device by using an aviation plug or a quick connector.

A bonding layer and a heat equalizing layer are sequentially arranged at the end of the magnetic conductor protruding from the shell, and the protective layer is located outside the heat equalizing layer.

The shape of the magnetic conductor is a square with one end open.

The magnetic conductor is an iron-based amorphous alloy, an iron-nickel-based amorphous alloy, a cobalt-based amorphous alloy, an iron-based nanocrystalline alloy or a ferrite core.

The ferrite core is selected from PC40 and PC44 soft ferrite cores.

The material of the protective layer is epoxy resin, rubber, ceramics or bonding glue.

The heat equalizing layer is an alumina ceramic sheet.

The material of the shell is epoxy resin, glass fiber nylon or plastic.

The material of the filling layer is rubber.

The cable is a two-core copper cable or a multi-core high-frequency cable; the coil is a copper wire or a multi-core high-frequency wire.

The structure of the rectification filter circuit adopts full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification. If the input voltage is DC voltage, the rectification and filtering circuit can be omitted or retained.

The topology of the inverter circuit adopts a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit.

The inverter circuit includes a zero-voltage switch half-bridge control circuit, and the zero-voltage switch half-bridge control circuit is composed of a power supply circuit, a micro control unit MCU circuit, an isolated drive circuit and operation keys, and the micro control unit The MCU circuit is respectively connected with the power supply circuit, the isolated drive circuit and the operation buttons;

The power supply circuit adopts a linear transformer power supply or a switching power supply;

The micro-control unit MCU circuit adopts AVR or ARM single-chip microcomputer, and the micro-control unit MCU circuit is used to receive the instruction of the operation button, and sends a working signal to the isolated drive circuit after being processed by the micro-control unit MCU circuit;

The isolated driving circuit adopts any one of an optocoupler isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit;

The operation keys are used to modify and adjust circuit parameters, and to send work instructions to the MCU circuit.

The inverter circuit also includes a display, the display is connected to the micro control unit MCU circuit, and the display is used to display the working state of the circuit; the display adopts LED digital tubes, liquid crystal digital tubes, dot matrix liquid crystal screens, black and white liquid crystal Screen or color LCD screen, if the display is canceled, it will not affect the circuit work, so the display can be used instead of the display.

The power supply circuit is a resistance-capacitance wave-cutting voltage stabilizing circuit, which is mainly composed of a filter resistance-capacity circuit, a rectification wave-cutting circuit and an energy storage circuit. Both ends of the output of the rectification and chopping circuit are connected, and the positive and negative output terminals of the rectification and chopping circuit are connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage circuit.

The filter resistance-capacitance circuit includes an L pole, an N pole, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, and the L pole and the N pole are respectively connected to the live wire and the neutral wire of the mains, and the capacitor C2 The resistor R4 is connected in parallel with the L pole and the N pole, the capacitor C2 acts as a filter, the resistor R4 discharges the charge stored in the capacitor when the power is off, and the resistor R1, the resistor R2, and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistance, etc. The effective resistor and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form an RC resistance-capacitance circuit. Resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistance with smaller error and better heat dissipation than a single resistor. Capacitor C2 is a step-down capacitor, and capacitive reactance Xc=1/(2πfc).

The rectification and wave cutting circuit includes Zener diode D1, Zener diode D2, full-wave rectifier bridge D3, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R8, resistor R9, thyristor Q1 and thyristor Q2, full-wave rectifier bridge D3 AC input two The terminal is connected to the output terminal of the filter resistance-capacitance circuit. The output of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 is the positive terminal and the negative terminal. The Zener diode D1 is connected in series with the resistor R5 and resistor R8. The negative pole of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3. One end of the resistor R8 is connected to the negative end of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the gate of the thyristor Q1 is connected between the resistors R5 and R8, the anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected to one end of the live wire at both ends of the AC input of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, and the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is connected to The negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the Zener diode D2 is connected in series with the resistors R6 and R9, the negative pole of the Zener diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, and one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3. The gate of the thyristor Q2 is connected between the resistors R6 and R9, the anode of the thyristor Q2 is connected to the neutral line at both ends of the AC input of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, and the cathode of the thyristor Q2 is connected to the negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3.

The energy storage circuit includes a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a resistor R7. The capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the rectifying and chopping circuit. The resistor R7 discharges the charge stored in the capacitor when the power is turned off.

Working principle: When the positive half cycle of alternating current is applied to the live wire terminals at both ends of the input of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the positive output voltage of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 starts to rise. When the voltage rises to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D1, The Zener diode D1 is broken down, the current flows through the resistors R5 and R8, and a voltage is generated at both ends of the resistor R8, which makes the thyristor Q1 conduct. At this time, the live wire current flows to the neutral line through the thyristor Q1 and the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, which is equivalent to Capacitor C1, resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 form an RC resistance-capacitance circuit connected to both ends of the input voltage, and the voltage on the live line drops, so that the voltage of VCC is equal to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D1, thereby playing a role of voltage regulation effect. Similarly, when the positive half-cycle of alternating current is applied to the neutral terminal at both ends of the input of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the voltage at the positive output terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 begins to rise. When the voltage rises to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D2 , the Zener diode D2 is broken down, the current flows through the resistor R6 and the resistor R9, and a voltage is generated at both ends of the resistor R9, which makes the thyristor Q2 conduct. Capacitor C1, resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 form an RC resistance-capacitance circuit connected to both ends of the input voltage, and the voltage on the neutral line drops, so that the voltage of VCC is equal to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D1, thereby stabilizing The role of pressure.

The micro control unit MCU circuit includes an isolation switch circuit, a signal conversion circuit, a voltage detection circuit and an MCU chip, and its circuit connection relationship is as follows: the MCU chip is connected to the isolation switch circuit, the signal conversion circuit and the voltage detection circuit respectively.

The isolating switch circuit includes an interface P1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, an integrated block U1 and a capacitor C1, the input terminal of the isolating switch circuit is connected to a button control signal, the output is connected to the second pin of the MCU chip, the 2 pins of the interface P1, and the resistor R2 1. Pin 1 of integrated block U1 is connected in series, pin 1 of interface P1 and pin 2 of integrated block U1 are grounded, resistor R1 and capacitor C1 are connected in series to the positive and negative ends of the power supply, pins 3 and 4 of integrated block U1 are connected to the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel, and the midpoint of resistor R1 and capacitor C1 connected in series is connected to the second pin of the MCU chip.

The signal conversion circuit includes diode D4, diode D5, diode D6, diode D7, diode D8, diode D9, diode D10, interface P3, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12, resistor R13, resistor R14, capacitor C2, capacitor C4, the input terminal of the signal conversion circuit is connected to the sensor signal, the output is connected to the 13th, 20th, 21st, 22nd pins of the MCU chip, the diode D4, the diode D7, and the diode D9 are connected in series, the diode D5, the diode D8, and the diode D10 are connected in series, and the diode D4 , the cathode of the diode D5 is connected, the anode of the diode D9 and the diode D10 are connected and grounded; the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 are connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the diode D6; the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel with the diode D6 after being connected in series; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with the MCU The 13th, 20th, 21st, and 22nd pins of the chip are connected; the midpoint of the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 connected in series are connected to the 9th pin of the MCU chip; The midpoint of resistor R14 in series is connected to the positive pole of the power supply; pins 1 and 2 of interface P3 are respectively connected to the positive poles of diode D4 and diode D5; the negative poles of diode D7 and diode D9 are connected to pins 40, 41, and 42 of the MCU chip.

Described voltage detection circuit comprises resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9 and electric capacity C3, and described voltage detection circuit input terminal is connected with detected power supply, and output terminal is connected with the 18th pin of MCU chip; Resistance R7, resistance R8, resistance R9 are connected in series , the capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R9, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is connected to the 18th pin of the MCU chip.

The MCU chip adopts the STM32 series single-chip microcomputer produced by STMicroelectronics, the chip 5 and pin 6 are connected to the crystal oscillator Y1, the diode D1, the diode D2, and the diode D3 are grounded after the negative poles are connected, and the positive poles are connected in series with the resistor R4, resistor R5, and resistor R6 respectively. , the other end of resistor R4, resistor R5, and resistor R6 are respectively connected to pins 10, 11, and 12 of the MCU chip; pins 26 and 29 of the MCU chip are respectively connected to pins 1 and 2 of the interface P4; pins 31 and 37 of the MCU chip are connected to the interface P2 Pin 4 of the MCU chip is connected to pin 3 of the interface P2, pin 44 of the MCU chip is connected to pin 2 of the interface P2, resistor R3 is connected in parallel to pins 1 and 2 of the interface P2, and pin 2 of the interface P2 Pins 1 and 5 are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply respectively.

Operation process: After the circuit is powered on, the micro control unit MCU circuit is in a standby state, and the power indicator D1 is on. When the interface P1 receives a high level, the single-chip microcomputer enters the program work, the running status light diode D3 is on, and the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P4 output a square wave. The phase difference between the two square waves is 180 degrees, and the square wave is sent to the isolated drive circuit. The signal collected by the sensor is fed back to the P3 pin of the MCU circuit interface. After the micro control unit MCU circuit receives the signal, the feedback indicator diode D2 lights up, and adjusts the duty cycle and frequency of PWM1 and PWM2 according to the feedback signal, thereby realizing power adjustment and phase adjustment.

The integrated block U1 specifically refers to a chip with a model number of stm32f101, stm32f301 or stm32f401.

The isolated driving circuit is mainly composed of a driver circuit, a signal isolation circuit, a level conversion circuit and a protection circuit, wherein: the input end of the driver circuit is connected to the signal source, the output end of the driver circuit is connected to the input end of the signal isolation circuit, The output terminal of the signal isolation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the level conversion circuit, and the output terminal of the level conversion circuit is connected to the protection circuit; the ground wire of the signal source is connected to the ground wire of the driver circuit and the primary side of the signal isolation circuit, and the signal isolation circuit The ground wire of the secondary side is connected with the ground wire of the level conversion circuit and the protection circuit.

Described driver circuit adopts driver chip IR2101S or driver chip IR2010S; Described driver circuit comprises driver chip S1, resistance R4, resistance R5 and resistance R6, and one end of described resistance R4 is connected with signal source, and the other end is connected with driver chip The second pin of S1 is connected, the first and eighth pins of the driver chip S1 are connected to the power supply VCC1, the fourth and sixth pins of the driver chip S1 are connected to the ground wire GND1; the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, and the resistor One end of R5 is connected to the seventh pin of the driver chip S1, and one end of the resistor R6 is grounded to GND1; the midpoint of the series connection between the resistors R5 and R6 is the output end of the driver circuit.

Resistor R4 is a current-limiting resistor, and its resistance value depends on the level voltage value of the signal source.

Resistor R5 is a gate drive resistor, and its resistance value depends on the gate capacitance of the driven MOS transistor.

Resistor R6 is a gate pull-down resistor to prevent false conduction due to electrostatic charge accumulation on the gate of the MOS transistor without a driving signal.

The selection of the driver chip S1 is based on the actual needs of single-channel drive, two-channel drive or multi-channel drive.

The signal isolation circuit is mainly composed of an isolation transformer T1, a MOS transistor Q1 and a freewheeling diode D3, wherein the isolation transformer T1 is composed of three windings, specifically two primary windings, one secondary winding; two primary windings There is a common terminal, so there are three taps on the primary side, the first tap is connected to the power supply VCC2, the second tap of the common terminal is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the third tap is connected to the cathode of the freewheeling diode D3; the MOS transistor Q1 The drain of D3 is connected to the second tap of the isolation transformer T1, the gate is connected to the output terminal of the driver circuit, and the source is grounded; the negative pole of the freewheeling diode D3 is connected to the third tap of the isolation transformer T1, and the positive pole is grounded; signal isolation The ground of the circuit is connected to the ground of the driver circuit.

The level conversion circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and a capacitor C1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the resistor R1, and one end of the parallel connection of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 is connected to the signal isolation circuit. One end is connected, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the signal isolation circuit, the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, the current at the output end of the signal isolation circuit flows through the resistor R1, the resistor R2, and the resistor R3, and is connected between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 A voltage signal is generated at both ends. C1 is used to filter high frequency ripple.

The protection circuit is composed of two TVS transient suppression diodes, the negative pole of the TVS transient suppression diode D1 is connected with the negative pole of the TVS transient suppression diode D2, and the two positive poles are connected in parallel with the output terminal of the level conversion circuit. When there is a surge in the output signal, the TVS tube can effectively filter to ensure the cleanness of the output PWMOUT1 drive waveform.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. In the present invention, the output on the high-frequency generator circuit is provided with an interface, which is used to connect to the cable of the electromagnetic conversion device using an aviation plug or a quick connector; thus, it is convenient to be connected with the electromagnetic conversion device as a whole to form a complete A railway anchor heating device, the railway anchor heating device has the functions of electromagnetic induction heating and electric energy transmission or conversion, and its induction heating effect is relatively ideal through actual verification.

2. In the present invention, the high-frequency generator circuit mainly formed by the rectification and filtering circuit, the inverter circuit and the output, wherein the function of the rectification and filtering circuit is to convert the input AC voltage into a DC voltage to supply the inverter circuit. The structure of the filter circuit can adopt full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification. It is more flexible to choose from the existing technology. If the input voltage is DC voltage, the rectification and filter circuit can be omitted or retained; the function of the inverter circuit is to convert the DC The voltage is converted into a high-frequency AC voltage. The topology of the inverter circuit can use a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit. From the existing technology, you can choose a suitable inverter circuit at will; there is an interface on the output, which can be connected to an inductive Load, the load can be equivalent to an inductance, and the inductance and the capacitance in the half-bridge inverter circuit form an LC resonance. There are various types of loads that can be connected, such as air-core inductors, inductors wound on metal workpieces, inductors wound on magnetic conductors, The inductance wound on the transformer, the inductance wound on the conductor, etc., the electromagnetic conversion device is an inductive load.

It can be seen that the high-frequency generator circuit can be realized by conventional circuits, which can realize the technical effect of inverting alternating current or direct current into high-frequency alternating current, and can be widely used in electric induction heating, switching power supply, radio transmission, wireless charging, Welding machine and other technical fields; the circuit design is simple, stable and reliable, using a full digital signal processing process, the circuit is flexible and efficient.

3. In the present invention, the power supply circuit adopted is a resistance-capacitance cutting wave stabilizing circuit, which is mainly composed of a filtering resistance-capacitance circuit, a rectifying wave-cutting circuit and an energy storage circuit. The resistance-capacitance cutting wave stabilizing circuit is composed of passive components , Simple structure, high reliability, compared with the traditional non-isolated regulated power supply, it has the advantages of low cost, high reliability, wide input voltage range, stable output voltage and so on.

4. In the present invention, the isolated driving circuit and two-way isolated transformer driving signals have better waveforms and higher efficiency; it is suitable for a wide range of input voltage and is stable and reliable; it can be applied to electric induction heating, switching power supply, and wireless charging etc.; this isolated drive circuit realizes signal transmission and amplification, and realizes the isolation of input signal and output signal, and can be used for common ground or non-common ground switch tube drive, such as half-bridge topology or full-bridge topology The drive of the switching tube. Compared with the traditional isolated drive, the circuit is simpler, lower in cost and higher in reliability. Compared with the optocoupler type isolated drive, the response speed is faster.

5. In the present invention, the zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit composed of a power supply circuit, a micro-control unit MCU circuit, an isolated drive circuit and operation buttons, the micro-control unit MCU circuit adopted is mainly composed of an isolation switch circuit, a signal Composed of conversion circuit, voltage detection circuit and MCU chip, this circuit adopts micro control unit MCU circuit, full digital signal processing process, the circuit is flexible in use and high in efficiency. In the half-bridge circuit, the reference point of the drive voltage of the upper switch tube and the lower switch tube is different, so a non-common ground drive method is required. The isolated drive circuit can make the circuit more reliable and prevent the ground voltage from fluctuating due to electromagnetic interference. Bring about false triggering of the circuit.

6. In the present invention, the conversion part is mainly formed by the casing, the coil, the magnetizer, the protective layer and the filling layer. Compared with the prior art, when the current passes through the coil, the magnetizer can concentrate the magnetic field generated by the electricity in the conductor. Inside the magnet, when the coil flows through the alternating current, the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field will change continuously, that is, an alternating magnetic field will be generated. When the conductor is in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor will generate an induced current, so the device can be used for power transmission or power conversion; if an independent conductor is placed in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor will produce eddy current effect and under the action of eddy current Rapid heating, so the device can also be used for electric induction heating, heating conductors of any shape.

7. At the end of the magnetizer protruding from the shell, a bonding layer and a heat equalizing layer are arranged in sequence, and the protective layer is located outside the heat equalizing layer. With this structure, most of the magnetizers are relatively brittle. When the heating is uneven It is prone to brittle cracks. Adding a soaking layer can make the temperature uniform and prevent the magnetizer from brittle cracks.

8. The shape of the magnetic conductor is a square with one end open, and the ferrite core is specifically selected from PC40 and PC44 soft ferrite cores. Such a structure has a better heating effect.

9. The protective layer is made of epoxy resin, rubber, ceramics, bonding glue and other materials, which can effectively prevent the damage of the magnetizer; the shell is made of epoxy resin, glass fiber nylon or plastic, etc. After the coil and the magnetizer are wound, it is necessary to The shell protects and seals it, which is convenient to use; the filling layer is sealed with rubber, which can waterproof and protect the coil.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the description, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a railway anchor heating device;

Fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a high frequency generator;

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a resistance-capacitance cutting wave voltage stabilizing circuit;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the resistance-capacitance cutting wave voltage stabilizing circuit;

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an inverter circuit;

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit;

Fig. 7 is the circuit block diagram of micro control unit MCU;

Fig. 8 is a micro control unit MCU circuit schematic diagram;

Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an isolated driving circuit;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an isolated drive circuit;

Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a mouth-shaped magnetizer;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an in-line magnetizer.

Marked in the figure:

100. High-frequency generator circuit, 101. Magnetic conductor, 102. Protective layer, 103. Adhesive layer, 104. Heat soaking layer, 105. Cable, 106. Shell, 107. Filling layer, 108. Coil, 109. Connector, 110, plug;

201. Rectification and filtering circuit, 202. Inversion circuit, 203. Output, 2021. Isolated drive circuit, 2022. Power supply circuit, 2023. Micro control unit MCU circuit, 2024. Display, 2025. Operation buttons;

301. Filter resistance-capacitance circuit, 302. Rectification and chopping circuit, 303. Energy storage circuit;

401. Zero-voltage switch half-bridge control circuit, 2021. Isolated drive circuit, 2022. Power supply circuit, 2023. Micro control unit MCU circuit, 2025. Operation buttons;

4011, isolation switch circuit, 4012, signal conversion circuit, 4013, voltage detection circuit, 4014, MCU chip;

2021. Isolated drive circuit, 501. Driver circuit, 502. Signal isolation circuit, 503. Level conversion circuit, 504. Protection circuit.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, which includes a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device. The high-frequency generator circuit includes a rectification and filtering circuit 201, an inverter circuit 202 and an output 203, its circuit connection relationship is: the rectification and filtering circuit 201 is connected to the mains, the positive and negative ends of the output of the rectification and filtering circuit 201 are connected in parallel to the positive and negative ends of the inverter circuit 202, and the inverter circuit 202 is connected to the output; The rectification and filtering circuit 201 described above is used to convert the input AC voltage into a DC voltage and supply it to the inverter circuit 202; the inverter circuit 202 is used to convert the DC voltage into a high-frequency AC voltage. The output is provided with an interface, which can be connected to an inductive load, which can be equivalent to an inductance, and the inductance and the capacitance in the half-bridge inverter circuit 202 form an LC resonance. There are various types of loads that can be connected, such as air core inductors, inductors wound on metal workpieces, inductors wound on magnetic conductors, inductors wound on transformers, inductors wound on conductors, etc. The electromagnetic conversion device is an inductive load. The structure of the rectification and filtering circuit 201 adopts full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification. If the input voltage is a DC voltage, the rectification and filtering circuit 201 may be omitted or retained. The topology of the inverter circuit 202 adopts a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit.

The electromagnetic conversion device is mainly composed of a cable 105, a connector 109 and a conversion part. The conversion part includes a casing 106, a coil 108, a magnetizer 101, a protective layer 102 and a filling layer 107. The protective layer 102 covers On the magnetic conductor 101, the coil 108 is wound on the protective layer 102, the magnetic conductor 101, the protective layer 102 and the coil 108 are located in the casing 106, and the filling is filled between the coil 108 and the casing 106. Layer 107 , both ends of the magnetizer 101 protrude from the casing 106 , the coil 108 is connected to the cable 105 through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is located in the casing 106 .

In this example, as shown in Figure 13 of the specification, the magnetic conductor 101 is in a straight line. For the inline magnetizer 101 , the direction of the magnetic field is transverse.

The output is provided with an interface, which is used to connect with the cable of the electromagnetic conversion device by using an aviation plug or a quick connector.

Example 2

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, including a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device. In the high-frequency generator circuit: the inverter circuit 202 includes a zero voltage Switching half-bridge control circuit 401, the zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit 401 is composed of a power supply circuit 2022, a micro control unit MCU circuit 2023, an isolated drive circuit 2021 and operation buttons 2025, and the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 Connect with power supply circuit 2022, isolated drive circuit 2021 and operation key 2025 respectively; Described power supply circuit 2022 adopts linear transformer power supply or switching power supply; Described micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 adopts AVR or ARM single-chip microcomputer, micro control unit The MCU circuit is used to receive the instructions of the operation buttons 2025, and send a working signal to the isolated drive circuit 2021 after being processed by the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023; the isolated drive circuit 2021 adopts an optocoupler isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit. Any one of them; the operation button 2025 is used to modify and adjust the circuit parameters, and send work instructions to the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 .

Example 3

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, including a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device. In the high-frequency generator circuit: the inverter circuit 202 includes a zero voltage Switching half-bridge control circuit 401, the zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit 401 is composed of a power supply circuit 2022, a micro control unit MCU circuit 2023, an isolated drive circuit 2021 and operation buttons 2025, and the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 Connect with power supply circuit 2022, isolated drive circuit 2021 and operation key 2025 respectively; Described power supply circuit 2022 adopts linear transformer power supply or switching power supply; Described micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 adopts AVR or ARM single-chip microcomputer, micro control unit The MCU circuit is used to receive the instructions of the operation buttons 2025, and send a working signal to the isolated drive circuit 2021 after being processed by the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023; the isolated drive circuit 2021 adopts an optocoupler isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit. Any one of them; the operation button 2025 is used to modify and adjust the circuit parameters, and send work instructions to the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 . Described inverter circuit 202 also includes display 2024, and described display 2024 is connected with described micro-control unit MCU circuit 2023, and display 2024 is used for displaying circuit working state; Display 2024 adopts LED digital tube, liquid crystal digital tube, dot Array liquid crystal screen, black and white liquid crystal screen or color liquid crystal screen, if cancel display 2024, can not affect circuit work, therefore can not use display 2024, or adopt indicator light to replace.

Isolated driving circuit 2021: The reference point of the driving voltage of the upper switching tube and the lower switching tube in the half-bridge circuit is different, so a non-common ground driving method is required. The isolated driving circuit 2021 can make the circuit more reliable, and prevent the circuit from being falsely triggered by the voltage fluctuation of the ground wire due to electromagnetic interference. The isolated driving circuit 2021 can be divided into two types: optocoupler isolation and transformer isolation, and any one can be used in this design.

Example 4

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, which includes a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device. The circuit is mainly composed of a filter resistance-capacitance circuit 301, a rectification and chopping circuit 302, and an energy storage circuit 303. wave circuit 302, the positive and negative output terminals of the rectifying and chopping wave circuit 302 are connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage circuit 303.

The filter resistance-capacitance circuit 301 includes an L pole, an N pole, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4. C2 and resistor R4 are connected in parallel between L pole and N pole, capacitor C2 acts as a filter, resistor R4 discharges the charge stored in the capacitor when the power is off, and resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistance. The equivalent resistance and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form an RC resistance-capacitance circuit. Resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistance with smaller error and better heat dissipation than a single resistor. Capacitor C2 is a step-down capacitor, and capacitive reactance Xc=1/(2πfc).

The rectification and wave cutting circuit 302 includes Zener diode D1, Zener diode D2, full-wave rectifier bridge D3, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R8, resistor R9, thyristor Q1 and thyristor Q2, full-wave rectifier bridge D3 AC input Both ends are connected to the output end of the filter resistance-capacitance circuit 301, the output of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 is the positive terminal and the negative terminal, the Zener diode D1 is connected in series with the resistor R5 and the resistor R8, and the negative pole of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 Positive terminal, one end of resistor R8 is connected to the negative terminal of full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the gate of thyristor Q1 is connected between resistor R5 and resistor R8, the anode of thyristor Q1 is connected to the live wire at both ends of the AC input of full-wave rectifier bridge D3, thyristor Q1 The cathode is connected to the negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the Zener diode D2 is connected in series with the resistors R6 and R9, the negative pole of the Zener diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, and one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the negative terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 The gate of thyristor Q2 is connected between resistors R6 and R9, the anode of thyristor Q2 is connected to the neutral line at both ends of the AC input of full-wave rectifier bridge D3, and the cathode of thyristor Q2 is connected to the negative end of full-wave rectifier bridge D3.

The energy storage circuit 303 includes a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a resistor R7. The capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the rectifying and chopping circuit 302. The resistor R7 discharges the charge stored in the capacitor when the power is turned off.

Working principle: When the positive half cycle of alternating current is applied to the live wire terminals at both ends of the input of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the positive output voltage of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 starts to rise. When the voltage rises to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D1, The Zener diode D1 is broken down, the current flows through the resistors R5 and R8, and a voltage is generated at both ends of the resistor R8, which makes the thyristor Q1 conduct. At this time, the live wire current flows to the neutral line through the thyristor Q1 and the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, which is equivalent to Capacitor C1, resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 form an RC resistance-capacitance circuit connected to both ends of the input voltage, and the voltage on the live line drops, so that the voltage of VCC is equal to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D1, thereby playing a role of voltage regulation effect. Similarly, when the positive half-cycle of alternating current is applied to the neutral terminal at both ends of the input of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3, the voltage at the positive output terminal of the full-wave rectifier bridge D3 begins to rise. When the voltage rises to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D2 , the Zener diode D2 is broken down, the current flows through the resistor R6 and the resistor R9, and a voltage is generated at both ends of the resistor R9, which makes the thyristor Q2 conduct. Capacitor C1, resistor R1, resistor R2, and resistor R3 form an RC resistance-capacitance circuit connected to both ends of the input voltage, and the voltage on the neutral line drops, so that the voltage of VCC is equal to the withstand voltage value of the Zener diode D1, thereby stabilizing The role of pressure.

Example 5

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, including a high frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device, in the high frequency generator circuit: the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 includes an isolating switch circuit 4011, signal conversion circuit 4012, voltage detection circuit 4013 and MCU chip 4014, the circuit connection relationship is: MCU chip 4014 is connected to isolation switch circuit 4011, signal conversion circuit 4012 and voltage detection circuit 4013 respectively.

The isolating switch circuit 4011 includes an interface P1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, an integrated block U1, and a capacitor C1. The input terminal of the isolating switch circuit 4011 is connected to the button control signal, and the output is connected to the second pin of the MCU chip 4014, and the pin 2 of the interface P1 , resistor R2, and pin 1 of integrated block U1 are connected in series, pin 1 of interface P1 and pin 2 of integrated block U1 are grounded, resistor R1 and capacitor C1 are connected in series to the positive and negative ends of the power supply, and pins 3 and 4 of integrated block U1 The pin is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is connected to the second pin of the MCU chip 4014.

The signal conversion circuit 4012 includes a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, an interface P3, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C2, Capacitor C4, the input terminal of the signal conversion circuit 4012 is connected to the sensor signal, the output is connected to the 13th, 20th, 21st, and 22nd pins of the MCU chip 4014, the diode D4, the diode D7, and the diode D9 are connected in series, and the diode D5, the diode D8, and the diode D10 are connected in series , the negative poles of diode D4 and diode D5 are connected, the positive poles of diode D9 and diode D10 are connected and then grounded; resistor R11 and resistor R12 are connected in parallel with capacitor C2 and diode D6 in series; resistor R10 and capacitor C4 are connected in parallel with diode D6 in series; diode D6 The negative pole is connected to pins 13, 20, 21, and 22 of MCU chip 4014; the midpoint of series connection of resistor R10 and capacitor C4 is connected to pin 9 of MCU chip 4014; resistor R13 and resistor R14 are connected in series to diode D9 and diode D10 The negative pole of the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 connected in series are connected to the positive pole of the power supply; the pins 1 and 2 of the interface P3 are respectively connected to the positive poles of the diode D4 and the diode D5; the negative poles of the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected to the 40th, 41st, 42 pins.

The voltage detection circuit 4013 includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9 and a capacitor C3. The input terminal of the voltage detection circuit 4013 is connected to the detected power supply, and the output terminal is connected to the 18th pin of the MCU chip 4014; the resistor R7, the resistor R8, The resistor R9 is connected in series, the capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R9, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the midpoint of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 connected in series is connected to the 18th pin of the MCU chip 4014 .

The MCU chip 4014 adopts the STM32 series single-chip microcomputer produced by STMicroelectronics, the chip 5 and pin 6 are connected to the crystal oscillator Y1, the diode D1, the diode D2, and the cathode of the diode D3 are connected to the ground, and the positive pole is respectively connected to the resistor R4, the resistor R5, and the resistor R6. Connect in series, the other ends of resistor R4, resistor R5, and resistor R6 are respectively connected to pins 10, 11, and 12 of the MCU chip 4014; pins 26 and 29 of the MCU chip 4014 are respectively connected to pins 1 and 2 of the interface P4; pins 31 and 37 of the MCU chip 4014 Pins are connected to pin 4 of interface P2, pins 30, 34, and 38 of MCU chip 4014 are connected to pin 3 of interface P2, pin 44 of MCU chip 4014 is connected to pin 2 of interface P2, resistor R3 is connected to pins 1 and 2 of interface P2 The feet are connected in parallel, and the 1 and 5 feet of the interface P2 are respectively connected to the negative end and the positive end of the power supply.

Operation process: After the circuit is powered on, the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 is in a standby state, and the power indicator D1 is on. When the interface P1 receives a high level, the single chip microcomputer enters the program work, the running status light diode D3 lights up, the pins 1 and 2 of the interface P4 output a square wave, the phase difference between the two square waves is 180 degrees, and the square wave is sent to the isolated drive circuit 2021 . The signal collected by the sensor is fed back to the P3 pin of the MCU circuit 2023 interface. After receiving the signal, the micro control unit MCU circuit 2023 lights up the feedback indicator diode D2, and adjusts the duty cycle and frequency of PWM1 and PWM2 according to the feedback signal, thereby realizing power regulation and phase regulation.

The integrated block U1 specifically refers to a chip with a model number of stm32f101, stm32f301 or stm32f401.

Example 6

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, including a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device. In the high-frequency generator circuit: the isolated drive circuit 2021 is mainly composed of a driver circuit 501 , a signal isolation circuit 502, a level conversion circuit 503 and a protection circuit 504, wherein: the input end of the driver circuit 501 is connected to the signal source, the output end of the driver circuit 501 is connected to the input end of the signal isolation circuit 502, and the signal isolation circuit 502 The output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the level conversion circuit 503, and the output terminal of the level conversion circuit 503 is connected with the protection circuit 504; the ground wire of the signal source is connected with the ground wire of the primary side of the driver circuit 501 and the signal isolation circuit 502, and the signal isolation The ground wire of the secondary side of the circuit 502 is connected to the ground wires of the level conversion circuit 503 and the protection circuit 504 .

Described driver circuit 501 adopts driver chip IR2101S or driver chip IR2010S; Described driver circuit 501 comprises driver chip S1, resistance R4, resistance R5 and resistance R6, and one end of described resistance R4 is connected with signal source, and the other end is connected with signal source. The second pin of the driver chip S1 is connected, the first and eighth pins of the driver chip S1 are connected to the power supply VCC1, the fourth and sixth pins of the driver chip S1 are connected to the ground wire GND1; the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are connected in series , one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the seventh pin of the driver chip S1, and one end of the resistor R6 is connected to the ground wire GND1;

Resistor R4 is a current-limiting resistor, and its resistance value depends on the level voltage value of the signal source.

Resistor R5 is a gate drive resistor, and its resistance value depends on the gate capacitance of the driven MOS transistor.

Resistor R6 is a gate pull-down resistor to prevent false conduction due to electrostatic charge accumulation on the gate of the MOS transistor without a driving signal.

The selection of the driver chip S1 is based on the actual needs of single-channel drive, two-channel drive or multi-channel drive.

The signal isolation circuit 502 is mainly composed of an isolation transformer T1, a MOS transistor Q1 and a freewheeling diode D3, wherein the isolation transformer T1 is composed of three windings, specifically two primary windings and one secondary winding; two primary windings The winding has a common end, so there are three taps on the primary side, the first tap is connected to the power supply VCC2, the second tap of the common end is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the third tap is connected to the cathode of the freewheeling diode D3; the MOS transistor The drain of Q1 is connected to the second tap of the isolation transformer T1, the gate is connected to the output terminal of the driver circuit 501, and the source is grounded; the cathode of the freewheeling diode D3 is connected to the third tap of the isolation transformer T1, and the anode is grounded; The ground line of the signal isolation circuit 502 is connected to the ground line of the driver circuit 501 .

The level conversion circuit 503 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the resistor R1, and one end of the parallel connection of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 is connected to the signal isolation circuit One end of the 502 is connected, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the signal isolation circuit 502, the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, the current at the output end of the signal isolation circuit 502 flows through the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and in the resistor A voltage signal is generated across R2 and resistor R3. C1 is used to filter high frequency ripple.

The protection circuit 504 is composed of two TVS transient suppression diodes, the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D2, and the two anodes are connected in parallel with the output terminal of the level conversion circuit 503 . When there is a surge in the output signal, the TVS tube can effectively filter to ensure the cleanness of the output PWMOUT1 drive waveform.

Example 7

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, including a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device. In the electromagnetic conversion device: the shape of the magnetic conductor 101 is as shown in FIG. 12 Square-shaped, for the square-shaped magnetizer 101, a circular magnetic field is formed in the square-shaped magnetic conductor 101, and the strength of the magnetic field is related to the magnitude and direction of the current.

Example 8

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it discloses a railway anchor heating device, including a high-frequency generator circuit 100 and an electromagnetic conversion device. The electromagnetic conversion device is mainly composed of two parts, a coil 108 and a magnetic conductor 101 .

Coil 108: The material of coil 108 can be ordinary copper wire. If it is used in high-frequency alternating current, multiple strands of enameled wire can be used to form a high-frequency wire to increase the surface area of the conductor to reduce the loss caused by the skin effect.

Magnetic conductor 101: The magnetic conductor 101 can be made of iron-based amorphous alloy, iron-nickel-based amorphous alloy, cobalt-based amorphous alloy, iron-based nanocrystalline alloy, ferrite core and the like. In the application of electric induction heating, the higher the magnetic flux of the magnetic conductor 101, the higher the efficiency and the smaller the loss.

When the coil 108 has a current passing through it, a magnetic field (a space with magnetic force around the magnet) is generated around the wire of the coil 108, and a magnetic field is also generated in the inner space where the wire of the coil 108 is wound. The magnetic conductor 101 can concentrate the magnetic field generated by electricity inside the magnetic conductor 101, and form different magnetic circuits according to the structure of the magnetic conductor 101, such as the two structures shown in Figure 12 or Figure 13:

In Fig. 12, a circular magnetic field is formed in the square-shaped magnetic conductor 101, and the magnetic field strength is related to the magnitude and direction of the current. In FIG. 13, the direction of the magnetic field is transverse. When an alternating current flows through the coil 108, the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field will continuously change, that is, an alternating magnetic field will be generated. When the conductor is in this alternating magnetic field, the conductor will induce current. The device can thus be used for electrical energy transmission or electrical energy conversion. If an independent conductor is placed in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor will generate eddy current effect and heat rapidly under the action of eddy current. The device can therefore also be used for electric induction heating.

Example 9

As the best implementation mode of the present invention, the high-frequency generator circuit adopts any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the electromagnetic conversion device adopts the following structure to obtain better results:

Magnetic conductor 101: the function is to concentrate the magnetic field generated by the coil 108 to form a magnetic circuit. The material of PC40 and PC44 has high magnetic permeability and low heat generation. When an alternating current flows through the coil 108 , a strong alternating magnetic field will be generated at the gap of the square-shaped magnetic conductor 101 .

Protective layer 102: materials such as epoxy resin, rubber, ceramics, and bonding glue are used. The magnetizer 101 is a high hardness and brittle material, and the protective layer 102 can effectively prevent the magnetizer 101 from being damaged.

Adhesive layer 103: bonding the heat equalizing material and the magnetic conductor 101 together

Heat-spreading layer 104: use heat-conducting materials such as alumina ceramic sheets. Most of the magnetizer 101 is relatively brittle, and it is prone to brittle cracks when heated unevenly. The addition of the heat soaking layer 104 can uniform the temperature and prevent the magnetizer 101 from being brittle.

Cable 105: a two-core copper cable or a multi-core high-frequency cable.

Shell 106: epoxy resin, glass fiber nylon or plastic, etc. After the coil 108 and the magnetizer 101 are wound, they need to be protected and packaged for easy use.

Filling layer 107: using rubber potting to waterproof and protect the coil 108

Coil 108: use copper wire or multi-core high-frequency wire.

Connector 109 : the connection between the cable 105 and the coil 108 .

Plug 110: an aviation plug or a quick connector, which is convenient for connecting the cable to the high-frequency generator.

Connection relationship: The magnetic conductor 101 is the innermost layer, and the adhesive material is applied to the opening of the magnetic conductor 101 to form the adhesive layer 103 , and the heat spreader is pasted on the adhesive layer 103 . After the bonding material is completely cured, the magnetic conductor 101 , the bonding layer 103 and the heat spreading layer 104 form a whole. A protective layer 102 is applied on the outside of the whole. The coil 108 is wound outside the protective layer 102 , and the lead wire of the coil 108 is connected to the cable 105 through the connector 109 . The outer layer of the coil 108 is the filling layer 107 . The outer layer of the filling layer 107 is the shell 106 . Therefore, the electromagnetic conversion device includes a magnetic conductor 101 , a protective layer 102 , a coil layer 108 , a filling layer 107 , and a casing 106 from the inside to the outside. One end of the cable 105 is connected to the connector 109 and the other end is connected to the plug 110 .

When a current flows through the coil 108 , the magnetic conductor 101 can concentrate the magnetic field generated by the electricity inside the magnetic conductor 101 . When an alternating current flows through the coil 108, the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field will continuously change, that is, an alternating magnetic field will be generated. If an independent conductor is placed in the alternating magnetic field, the conductor will generate eddy current effect and heat rapidly under the action of eddy current. Therefore, the device can also be used for electric induction heating to heat conductors of any shape.

Claims (10)

1. A railway anchor heating device, characterized in that: comprises a high frequency generator circuit (100) and an electromagnetic conversion device; the high frequency generator circuit (100) includes: the rectification filter circuit (201), the inverter circuit (202) and the output are connected in a circuit connection way: the rectification filter circuit (201) is connected to the mains supply, the positive end and the negative end of the output of the rectification filter circuit (201) are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the inverter circuit (202), and the inverter circuit (202) is connected with the output; the rectification filter circuit (201) is used for converting input alternating voltage into direct voltage and supplying the direct voltage to the inverter circuit (202); the inverter circuit (202) is used for converting direct-current voltage into high-frequency alternating-current voltage; the electromagnetic conversion device mainly comprises a cable (105), a connector (109) and a conversion part, wherein the conversion part comprises a shell (106), a coil (108), a magnetizer (101), a protection layer (102) and a filling layer (107), the protection layer (102) is covered on the magnetizer (101), the coil (108) is wound on the protection layer (102), the magnetizer (101), the protection layer (102) and the coil (108) are positioned in the shell (106), the filling layer (107) is filled between the coil (108) and the shell (106), two ends of the magnetizer (101) extend out of the shell (106), the coil (108) is connected with the cable (105) through a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is positioned in the shell (106); the output is provided with an interface for connecting with a cable (105) of the electromagnetic conversion device by adopting an aviation plug (110) or a quick connector.

2. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 1, wherein: an adhesive layer (103) and a soaking layer (104) are sequentially arranged at the end part of the magnetizer (101) extending out of the shell (106), and the protective layer (102) is positioned outside the soaking layer (104).

3. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 1, wherein: the inverter circuit (202) comprises a zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit (401), wherein the zero-voltage switching half-bridge control circuit (401) consists of a power supply circuit (2022), a Micro Control Unit (MCU) circuit (2023), an isolated driving circuit (2021) and an operation key (2025), and the Micro Control Unit (MCU) circuit (2023) is respectively connected with the power supply circuit (2022), the isolated driving circuit (2021) and the operation key (2025); the power supply circuit (2022) adopts a linear transformer power supply or a switch type power supply; the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) adopts an AVR or ARM single chip microcomputer, the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) is used for receiving the instruction of the operation key (2025), and the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) is used for processing and then sending a working signal to the isolation type driving circuit (2021); the isolation type driving circuit (2021) adopts any one of an optical coupling isolation circuit and a transformer isolation circuit; the operation key (2025) is used for modifying and adjusting circuit parameters and sending working instructions to the MCU circuit (2023); the inverter circuit (202) further comprises a display (2024), the display (2024) is connected with the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023), and the display (2024) is used for displaying the working state of the circuit.

4. A railway anchor heating apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the power supply circuit (2022) is a resistor Rong Qiebo voltage stabilizing circuit, and mainly comprises a filtering resistor-capacitor circuit (301), a rectifying and chopping circuit (302) and an energy storage circuit (303), wherein the circuit connection relation is as follows: the filter resistor-capacitor circuit (301) is connected to the mains supply, the output two ends of the filter resistor-capacitor circuit (301) are connected with the rectification cut-wave circuit (302), and the positive output two ends and the negative output two ends of the rectification cut-wave circuit (302) are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the energy storage circuit (303).

5. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 4 wherein: the filter resistor-capacitor circuit (301) comprises an L pole, an N pole, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, wherein the L pole and the N pole are respectively connected with a live wire and a zero wire of a mains supply, the capacitor C2 and the resistor R4 are connected in parallel with two ends of the L pole and the N pole, the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel to form an equivalent resistor, and the equivalent resistor and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form an RC resistor-capacitor circuit.

6. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 5 wherein: the rectification and switching circuit (302) comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a full-wave rectification bridge D3, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a thyristor Q1 and a thyristor Q2, wherein the alternating current input two ends of the full-wave rectification bridge D3 are connected with the output end of the filtering resistor-capacitor circuit (301), the full-wave rectification bridge D3 is output as a positive end and a negative end, the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the resistor R5 and the resistor R8 in series, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the grid electrode of the thyristor Q1 is connected between the resistor R5 and the resistor R8, the anode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with one end of a live wire at the two ends of the alternating current input of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the cathode of the thyristor Q1 is connected with the negative end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is connected with the resistor R6 and the resistor R9 in series, the negative electrode of the full-wave rectification bridge D2 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectification bridge D3, and the negative end of the thyristor Q2 is connected with the full-wave rectification bridge Q2 is connected with the positive end of the full-wave rectifier 2; the energy storage circuit (303) comprises a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a resistor R7, wherein the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 are connected in parallel with the positive end and the negative end of the rectification and cutting circuit (302), and the resistor R7 discharges charges stored by the capacitor under the condition of power failure.

7. A railway anchor heating apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the micro control unit MCU circuit (2023) comprises an isolating switch circuit (4011), a signal conversion circuit (4012), a voltage detection circuit (4013) and an MCU chip (4014), and the circuit connection relation is as follows: the MCU chip (4014) is respectively connected with the isolating switch circuit (4011), the signal conversion circuit (4012) and the voltage detection circuit (4013).

8. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 7 wherein: the isolating switch circuit (4011) comprises an interface P1, a resistor R2, an integrated block U1 and a capacitor C1, wherein the input end of the isolating switch circuit (4011) is connected with a key control signal, the output end of the isolating switch circuit is connected with a 2 nd pin of the MCU chip (4014), the 2 nd pin of the interface P1, the resistor R2 and the 1 pin of the integrated block U1 are connected in series, the 1 pin of the interface P1 and the 2 pin of the integrated block U1 are grounded, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series and then connected to the positive end and the negative end of a power supply, the 3 pin and the 4 pin of the integrated block U1 are connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, and the middle point of the series connection of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the MCU chip (4014);

the signal conversion circuit (4012) comprises a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, an interface P3, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C4, wherein the input end of the signal conversion circuit (4012) is connected with a sensor signal, the output end of the signal conversion circuit is connected with pins 13, 20, 21 and 22 of the MCU chip (4014), the diode D4, the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected in series, the diode D5, the diode D8 and the diode D10 are connected in series, the cathodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5 are connected, and the anodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10 are connected and then grounded; the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the diode D6; the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the diode D6; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with pins 13, 20, 21 and 22 of the MCU chip (4014); the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R10 and the capacitor C4 is connected with the 9 th pin of the MCU chip (4014); the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 are connected in series and then connected with the cathodes of the diode D9 and the diode D10, and the middle point of the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 after being connected in series is connected with the anode of the power supply; the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P3 are respectively connected with the anodes of the diode D4 and the diode D5; the cathodes of the diode D7 and the diode D9 are connected with pins 40, 41 and 42 of the MCU chip (4014);

The voltage detection circuit (4013) comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9 and a capacitor C3, wherein the input end of the voltage detection circuit (4013) is connected with a detected power supply, and the output end of the voltage detection circuit is connected with the 18 th pin of the MCU chip (4014); the resistor R7, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 are connected in series, the capacitor C3 is connected with the resistor R9 in parallel, one end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is connected with the 18 th pin of the MCU chip (4014);

the MCU chip (4014) adopts STM32 series single chip microcomputer produced by an Italian semiconductor company, the pins 5 and 6 are connected with the crystal oscillator Y1, the cathodes of the diode D1, the diode D2 and the diode D3 are connected and then grounded, the anodes are respectively connected with the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 in series, and the other ends of the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are respectively connected with the 10 th pin, the 11 th pin and the 12 th pin of the MCU chip (4014); the 26 and 29 pins of the MCU chip (4014) are respectively connected with the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P4, the 31 and 37 pins of the MCU chip (4014) are connected with the 4 pin of the interface P2, the 30, 34 and 38 pins of the MCU chip (4014) are connected with the 3 pin of the interface P2, the 44 pin of the MCU chip (4014) is connected with the 2 pin of the interface P2, the resistor R3 is connected with the 1 and 2 pins of the interface P2 in parallel, and the 1 and 5 pins of the interface P2 are respectively connected with the negative end and the positive end of a power supply.

9. A railway anchor heating apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the isolation type driving circuit (2021) mainly comprises a driver circuit (501), a signal isolation circuit (502), a level conversion circuit (503) and a protection circuit (504), wherein: the input end of the driver circuit (501) is connected with a signal source, the output end of the driver circuit (501) is connected with the input end of the signal isolation circuit (502), the output end of the signal isolation circuit (502) is connected with the input end of the level conversion circuit (503), and the output end of the level conversion circuit (503) is connected with the protection circuit (504); the ground wire of the signal source is connected with the ground wires of the primary sides of the driver circuit (501) and the signal isolation circuit (502), and the ground wire of the secondary side of the signal isolation circuit (502) is connected with the ground wires of the level conversion circuit (503) and the protection circuit (504).

10. A railway anchor heating apparatus as in claim 9 wherein: the driver circuit (501) adopts a driving chip IR2101S or a driving chip IR2010S; the driver circuit (501) comprises a driving chip S1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, wherein one end of the resistor R4 is connected with a signal source, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a second pin of the driving chip S1, a first pin and an eighth pin of the driving chip S1 are connected with a power supply VCC1, and a fourth pin and a sixth pin of the driving chip S1 are connected with a ground wire GND1; the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, one end of the resistor R5 is connected with a seventh pin of the driving chip S1, and one end of the resistor R6 is grounded to the ground GND1; the midpoint of the series connection of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 is the output end of the driver circuit (501);

the signal isolation circuit (502) mainly comprises an isolation transformer T1, an MOS tube Q1 and a freewheeling diode D3, wherein the isolation transformer T1 comprises three windings, specifically two primary windings and one secondary winding; the two primary windings are provided with a common end, so that the primary winding is provided with three taps, the first tap is connected with a power supply VCC2, the second tap which is the common end is connected with the drain electrode of a MOS tube Q1, and the third tap is connected with the cathode of a freewheeling diode D3; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a second tap of the isolation transformer T1, the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the driver circuit (501), and the source electrode is grounded; the negative electrode of the freewheel diode D3 is connected with a third tap of the isolation transformer T1, and the positive electrode is grounded; the ground wire of the signal isolation circuit (502) is connected with the ground wire of the driver circuit (501);

The level conversion circuit (503) comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1, wherein the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 are connected in parallel and then connected with the resistor R1 in series, one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R3 which are connected in parallel are connected with one end of the signal isolation circuit (502), one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the signal isolation circuit (502), the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the current at the output end of the signal isolation circuit (502) flows through the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 to generate voltage signals at two ends of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3;

the protection circuit (504) is composed of two TVS transient suppression diodes, the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the TVS transient suppression diode D2, and the two anodes are connected with the output end of the level conversion circuit (503) in parallel.

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