CN106253356B - Alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method based on energy storage electricity value assessment - Google Patents
Alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method based on energy storage electricity value assessment Download PDFInfo
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
A kind of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method based on energy storage electricity value assessment, comprising: the concept of energy storage electricity value first in proposition alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid, and propose its assessment models；On this basis, in the built-in grade separation direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch model of one day day part of hour grade, the model is decoupled the behavior of energy storage by energy storage electricity value models from the time, consequently facilitating energy storage and controllable micro- source cost are considered from same angle；Secondly, based on the plan operating scheme of Real-time Economic Dispatch, establishing the real-time imbalance power of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid based on energy storage electricity value models in day part in the time scale of five minutes grades and adjusting model.The subjectivity that the present invention can to the full extent formulate energy storage behavioral strategy in alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch is eliminated, to be more nearly optimal case.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch methods.More particularly to one kind based on energy storage electricity
Measure the alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method of value assessment.
Background technique
As fossil energy gradually uses up totally, micro- source such as wind-force, photovoltaic is honest as effective substitute of traditional energy
It measures and uses.However uncontrollable distributed generation resource largely accesses power grid and can cause problems, threatens the safe operation of power grid.
Power generator, energy storage device, load and control system etc. combine, and constitute the controllable miniature electric power networks (letter of an output power
Claim microgrid).Microgrid (Microgrid) will be a kind of organizational form of new distribution type power generation, both can with power grid parallel running,
Power grid isolated operation can also be detached from.Load in microgrid is supplied by internal micro- source, both can be from dispatch from foreign news agency online shopping when being incorporated into the power networks
Electricity can also be to external power grid sale of electricity, with balanced differences power；Electric energy is provided by internal micro- source and energy storage when off-grid operation.
Having a large amount of loads in production and living is worked based on direct current, since alternating current is easy-to-use, is had considerable
Load equipment needs first to operate normally AC rectification.This just inevitably causes the loss of electric energy；In addition, light
What micro- source such as volt, battery group, fuel cell provided is also direct current energy, this electric energy that source provides slightly passes through in AC microgrids
Inversion can be just utilized, this equally brings electric energy loss.In addition, direct-current micro-grid also has, control is simple, track investment is low etc.
Advantage.In order to optimize alternating current-direct current load and power supply interaction mode, saving energy and decreasing loss improves renewable energy utilization rate, and alternating current-direct current is mixed
Close the hot spot that microgrid is increasingly becoming associated specialist scholar research.
In microgrid Real-Time Scheduling model, the generator operation cost for not knowing micro- source be can be ignored, controllable micro- source
Fuel cost curve be it is known, the electricity price curve of outside online shopping electricity is also given, however there is presently no documents to energy storage
The value of middle electricity is assessed, and the cost model of remaining similar generation mode is provided.As long as establishing electric in model evaluation energy storage
Can value, so that it may be compared with remaining items cost in the operation of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid, it is more convenient and accurately make
Make alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch scheme.
The economic load dispatching of hour grade time scale, which is often based upon, predicts the power output for not knowing micro- source, however predicts inaccurate
True property will cause the fluctuation of scene power output, load level in day part.Therefore not gentle power adjustment was carried out in grade at five minutes
To inhibit fluctuation necessary.The power adjustment of two kinds of time scales will be such that alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid more economically smoothly transports
Row.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind can be real-time by alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid to the full extent
The subjectivity that energy storage behavioral strategy is formulated in economic load dispatching is eliminated, to be more nearly being worth based on energy storage electricity for optimal case
The alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method of assessment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid based on energy storage electricity value assessment is real-time
Economic load dispatching method, includes the following steps:
1) historical data of statistics alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operation, acquires meteorological data, in conjunction with microgrid history data
Wind, light power output and load are predicted, following one day net load power curve is obtained, and establishes day part and disregard energy storage
The overall cost net load power function of power；
2) respectively by fuel cell and micro turbine fuel cost curve linear, and by Environmental costs and operation expense
Linearisation, obtains the overall cost coefficient of fuel cell and micro turbine；
3) arbitrary period energy storage electricity value is defined are as follows: energy storage available power in the case where meeting certain constraint by adjusting not
Carry out the operating point of day part overall cost power curve, obtained maximum return establishes the mathematical model pair of maximum gain
Energy storage electricity value is solved；
4) according to the overall cost in each micro- source and consider that energy storage electricity is worth in arbitrary period that step 3) solves, is established
Minimize the mathematical model of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operating cost；
5) after carrying out alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch in the time scale of grade when small, in five minutes grades
Imbalance power adjustment is carried out based on the power output plan that the interior Real-time Economic Dispatch within the period is formulated, when imbalance power is small
When zero, using over-evaluating model；When imbalance power is greater than zero, using underestimating model.
Alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method based on energy storage electricity value assessment of the invention, following advantage and
It improves:
1, electricity appraisal Model in energy storage is established, thus cost caused by the calling and increase by electricity in energy storage
Quantify with income, the subjectivity that can to the full extent formulate energy storage behavioral strategy in alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch
Property eliminate, to be more nearly optimal case.
2, the behavior of energy storage is decoupled by electricity value in assessment energy storage from the time, easily facilitates reply realtime power
The adjustment of deviation improves advantage, the validity of Real-time Economic Dispatch.
3, the real-time imbalance power adjustment of the alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid based on energy storage electricity value assessment proposed can drop
Low practical net load power prediction deviation is adversely affected caused by microgrid.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is peak Pinggu period overall cost-net load power curve；
Fig. 3 is former load, net load, scene power output prediction curve；
Fig. 4 is each micro battery and energy storage output power curve；
Fig. 5 is the first period electricity total value and electricity worth curve；
Fig. 6 is one day electricity of energy storage and its operating point electricity worth curve；
Fig. 7 is that whether there is or not one day operating cost comparison diagrams when energy storage；
Fig. 8 is grade one day five minutes typical practical net load power and imbalance power；
Fig. 9 is one day imbalance power adjustment expense
Specific embodiment
It is real to the alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid of the invention based on energy storage electricity value assessment below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing
When economic load dispatching method be described in detail.
Alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method based on energy storage electricity value assessment of the invention, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
1) historical data of statistics alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operation, acquires meteorological data, in conjunction with microgrid history data
Wind, light power output and load are predicted, following one day net load power curve is obtained, and establishes day part and disregard energy storage
The overall cost net load power function of power；The day part established disregards the overall cost net load power function of energy storage power output
Are as follows:
Wherein, Ch(P) be peak when overall cost power function, CmIt (P) is overall cost power function usually, Cl(P)
Overall cost power function when for paddy, qtFor the electricity price of t period.
2) respectively by fuel cell and micro turbine fuel cost curve linear, and by Environmental costs and operation expense
Linearisation, obtains the overall cost coefficient of fuel cell and micro turbine；The fuel cell overall cost coefficient CFCWith micro- combustion
The overall cost coefficient C of machineMTIt is respectively as follows:
Wherein,For linearisation after micro turbine fuel cost power function slope,After linearisation
The slope of the fuel cost power function of fuel cell；γMTFor the operation expense coefficient of micro turbine, γFCFor fuel cell
Operation expense coefficient；NMTCategory of pollutant discharge, N for micro turbineFCFor the category of pollutant discharge of fuel cell,The emission factor of micro turbine θ kind pollutant,For the emission factor of the θ kind pollutant of fuel cell, cθFor θ kind
The unit discharge control expense of pollutant；ηMTFor the efficiency of connection ac bus and the inverter of micro turbine, ηFCConnect direct current
The efficiency of the inverter of bus and fuel cell.
By taking the electricity price paddy period as an example, the expression formula of overall cost power function can be calculated by following formula:
Here, P is net load power；qlElectricity price when for paddy；Respectively exchanged on power with outer net
Limit, the fuel cell power output upper limit, the micro turbine power output upper limit；CFC、CMTThe respectively overall cost system of fuel cell and micro turbine
Number, by estimating to obtain fuel cost curve linear and meter and Environmental costs and operation expense.
3) arbitrary period energy storage electricity value is defined are as follows: energy storage available power in the case where meeting certain constraint by adjusting not
Carry out the operating point of day part overall cost power curve, obtained maximum return establishes the mathematical model pair of maximum gain
Energy storage electricity value is solved；The mathematical model of the maximum gain is as follows:
Wherein, GkFor k period energy storage electricity total value；For t period energy storage power output, discharge when being greater than zero；When for k
Section energy storage electricity；Respectively energy storage electricity lower and upper limit；Segment length when Δ t is；DSBFor energy storage self discharge coefficient, QSB
For stored energy capacitance；Respectively energy storage contribute lower and upper limit, lower limit absolute value representation energy storage charge power it is upper
Limit；Number of segment when T is one, PtFor t period net load power.
Future is not known into micro- source power output, future load level, the following Spot Price in the k period and regards known quantity as, then Gk
It isFunctionThen k period energy storage electricity value can be with is defined as:
In formulaFor energy storage electricity at the beginning of the k period.
However, needing to make to calculate simplicity as far as possible in alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch in favor of practical application.
It will be in modelWithInstead of takingIt is sufficiently small, the model is recalculated, is obtainedThe then k period
Energy storage electricity value estimations are as follows:
4) according to the overall cost in each micro- source and consider that energy storage electricity is worth in arbitrary period that step 3) solves, is established
Minimize the mathematical model of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operating cost；The number of the minimum alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operating cost
Learning model includes objective function and constraint condition, in which:
Objective function are as follows:
Constraint condition are as follows:
In objective function,It is worth for electricity in any k period energy storage, by by k period energy storage electricity total value GkTo k
Period energy storage electricityDerivation obtains；FkFor the target of k period alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch；fMT()、fFC()
The respectively fuel cost function of micro turbine and fuel cell；β is load rejection penalty coefficient,For k period load rejection appearance
Amount；N is category of pollutant discharge,For the emission factor of the θ kind pollutant of i-th kind of controllable micro battery；γmIt is set for m platform
Standby operation expense coefficient；WhenIndicate that energy storage is being charged when being negative；For k period outside online shopping electrical power；
It contributes for k period micro turbine,It contributes for k period fuel cell,For k period interruptible load power.
In constraint condition, PkFor k period total net load power, including exchange side net loadWith DC side net load For the bidirectional power converter power transmission upper limit；Cross force generated output is exchanged for the k period,It is straight for the k period
Flow side photovoltaic generation power；For micro turbine contribute the upper limit,For the fuel cell power output upper limit；For outside online shopping electricity
The upper limit of the power,For interruptible load capacity；For k period alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid network loss, expression formula is as follows:
In formula: SacIt include micro turbine, wind-power electricity generation, friendship for the feeder line set between each equipment in exchange side and ac bus
Side load and the connection feeder line between outer net are flowed,For in k period feeder line l1The active power of transmission,For in the k period
Feeder line l1The reactive power of transmission,For feeder line l1Resistance, UN,acTo exchange side bus voltage rating, SdcIt is respectively set for DC side
The standby feeder line set between DC bus；For in k period feeder line l2The active power of transmission,For feeder line l2Resistance,
UN,dcTo exchange side bus voltage rating.
5) each in order to cope with after carrying out alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch in the time scale of grade when small
The fluctuation of scene power output, load level in period, in five minutes grades in terms of the power output that Real-time Economic Dispatch in the period is formulated
It divides basis into and carries out imbalance power adjustment, when imbalance power is less than zero, using over-evaluating model；When imbalance power is greater than
When zero, using underestimating model.The model of over-evaluating includes objective function and constraint condition, in which:
Objective function is
Constraint condition is
In formula:The objective function of model is over-evaluated for the k period；In over-evaluating model, Δ Pgrid、ΔPMT、ΔPFC、ΔPcut
With Δ PSBFor controlled variable, indicate to increase operation when being greater than zero.ΔPgridFor outside online shopping electrical power increment, Δ PMTFor micro turbine
Power output increment, Δ PFCFor fuel cell power output increment, Δ PcutFor load rejection increment, Δ PSBFor energy storage power output increment；Δ
Pcut,acTo exchange side load rejection increment, Δ Pcut,dcFor DC side load rejection increment.Over-evaluate for k period wind-power electricity generation
Amount；Estimate for k period photovoltaic power generation height,For k period imbalance power.Indicate micro turbine combustion
Value of the derived function that material cost curve contribute to micro turbine in k period hour grade micro turbine plan power output,Indicate that fuel-cell fuel cost curve fires the derived function that fuel cell is contributed in k period hour grade
Material battery is planned out value when power.
The model of underestimating includes objective function and constraint condition, in which:
Objective function is
Constraint condition is
In formula:The objective function of model is underestimated for the k period；δMTAnd δFCRespectively micro turbine climbing rate and fuel cell
Climbing rate.In underestimating model, controlled variable, which is greater than zero, to be indicated to reduce operation.(whether the letter occurred is all explained
?) Δ Pgrid、ΔPMT、ΔPFC、ΔPcutWith Δ PSBFor controlled variable, indicate to reduce operation when being greater than zero.It (is occurred
Whether letter all explained? Δ PgridFor outside online shopping electrical power decrement, Δ PMTIt contributes and is reduced for micro turbine, Δ PFCFor fuel
Battery power output decrement, Δ PcutFor load rejection decrement, Δ PSBIt contributes and is reduced for energy storage；
Specific example is given below:
This example uses the structure of Zhejiang Province somewhere alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid demonstration project shown in Fig. 1.According to access device
Micro turbine (microturbine, MT), wind-driven generator (wind turbine, WT), exchange are accessed in operation characteristic, communication area
Load；Photovoltaic power generation (photovoltaic cell, PV), batteries to store energy (battery, BAT), fuel are accessed in direct current region
Battery (fuel cell, FC) and DC load.The structure can be convenient being respectively connected to for AC load and DC load, and
And network loss is reduced using the low feature of DC line network loss.
In addition, ac bus and DC bus are by a bi-directional inverter connection, it is female which may be implemented exchange
Power transfer between line and DC bus.Communication area and main power grid pass through point of common coupling (point of common
Coupling, PCC) connection.Route unit impedance is 0.642+j0.101/km.Each micro- source parameter feelings involved in operation constraint
Condition, node voltage bound, pollutant emission factor and administer factor, referring to document [1] Li Peng, xuwei Na, Zhou Zeyuan waits
Based on microgrid optimization operation [J] the Proceedings of the CSEE for improving gravitation searching algorithm, 2014,34 (19): 3073-
3079。
In addition, the energy storage electricity upper limit is 250kwh, lower limit 5kwh；Energy storage charge efficiency and discharging efficiency are 85%, storage
Energy capacity is 250kwh, and self discharge coefficient is 10%；The overall cost power estimation curve such as Fig. 2 institute of peak valley usually in example
Show；Outer net tou power price curve bibliography [1] Li Peng, xuwei Na, Zhou Zeyuan wait to be based on improving gravitation searching algorithm
Microgrid optimization operation [J] Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014,34 (19): 3073-3079.
The day part scene power curve that example uses, load prediction curve, net load power curve, as shown in Figure 3.
Real-time Economic Dispatch result such as Fig. 4 institute of hour grade is carried out to alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid using method of the invention
Show, include that micro turbine is contributed in figure, fuel cell power output, energy storage power output, outside online shopping electrical power and bi-directional inverter exchange function
Rate.
By Real-time Economic Dispatch result it is found that in 0 to 7 periods, since load level is lower, and outer net tou power price water
Put down lower, the energy of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid mostlys come from outside online shopping electricity, and passes to direct current by bi-directional inverter
Side load and energy storage, battery constantly charge, thus to sell in the peak electricity tariff period to outer net later or to peak load
Power supply is prepared.At the peak of one day intermediate period, since outer net purchase electricity price is higher, mainly pass through electric power storage tank discharge and warp
The Ji relatively good fuel cell electric discharge of environmental benefit obtains receipts to meet workload demand and additional electricity is sold to outer net
Benefit, the exchange power of bi-directional inverter is mainly that direct current laterally exchanges side at this time；In load peak, micro turbine is usually last
Called, this is because its integrated operation higher cost.Behind one day when the load peak of period, due to another face
Face electricity price peak value, the battery of DC side continues to discharge, and controllable micro battery power output and outside online shopping electrical power are larger negative to meet
Lotus demand.It can be seen that energy storage device has given full play to the effect of peak load shifting.
In fact, each period energy storage device has an electricity total value curve and electricity worth curve.This two songs
Line is the basis for each period carrying out alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch.By taking the first period as an example, electricity total value
Curve and electricity worth curve are as shown in Figure 5
As seen from Figure 5, in the first period, energy storage electricity total value rises with the rising of energy storage electricity, however
Ascensional range declines with the rising of energy storage electricity, i.e. the electricity value of energy storage declines with the rising of energy storage electricity.If
When electricity is 25kwh, the marginal cost that energy storage electricity calls has reached 2.5 yuan/kwh, this makes the real-time warp in the first period
Energy storage electricity is called since its " cost " is excessively high to almost impossible in Ji scheduling；On the other hand, in this period to energy storage
Charging, which also implies that, will obtain the charging " income " of 2.5 yuan/kwh；When energy storage electricity is 250kwh, electricity value is reduced to
0.35 yuan/kwh or so contributes cost lower than controllable micro- source, if the first period load level is higher, energy storage will be to outer net
And then power purchase power is called after reaching the upper limit.First period energy storage initial quantity of electricity is set as 100kwh, still has higher
Calling " cost ", therefore to sum up analyze, energy storage shows as charging behavior in the first period.
Using the present invention is based on the alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method of energy storage electricity value assessment, one day each
Electricity value at period energy storage electricity size and day part storage energy operation point is as shown in Figure 6.
It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that in the first to the 7th period, since energy storage electricity is in the income of following overall cost-power curve
Potentiality are high, therefore energy storage electricity value is higher, and outer net tou power price level is worth lower than energy storage electricity, therefore energy storage charging can
Income is obtained with expectation, energy storage shows as charging behavior.In the 7th to the 12nd period, with the rising of energy storage electricity, electricity
Value declines therewith, and horizontal lowered below outer net tou power price, and energy storage starts to be changed into electric discharge behavior.Ten two to ten
Seven periods, rate period when outer net enters peak, and energy storage electricity are begun to ramp up due to declining its electricity value, however due to one day
The load peak period at end does not reach also, and alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid is more careful to energy storage charge and discharge behavior；Last at one day is negative
Lotus peak time, energy storage electricity value is rapid, this is because close end in one day, the space that energy storage reservation electricity plays value is more next
Smaller, energy storage is substantially discharged.
Alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid optimization in one day operation in order to analyze the benefit for comparing energy storage, when present invention construction is without energy storage
Example, one day operating cost curve and the present invention are containing lower day operating cost curve comparison of Real-time Economic Dispatch under energy storage device
As shown in Figure 7.
As can be seen that energy storage device greatly reduces alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid optimization operating cost.Side according to the present invention
Method, the essence of energy storage benefit, which is that, is worth higher operating point charging in electricity, is worth lower operating point electric discharge in electricity,
To obtain income by being somebody's turn to do " price difference ".It is a few days ago excellent using tradition in order to compare the validity of this paper Real-time Economic Dispatch method
The global optimization that change method carries out all the period of time to this paper example is run；One day operating cost of above each situation is as shown in table 1.
1 three kinds of situation operating cost comparisons of table
| Example | Run totle drilling cost |
| Real-time Economic Dispatch when without energy storage | 2022.8 first |
| The optimization operation of all the period of time containing energy storage | 1720.3 first |
| The Real-time Economic Dispatch of this paper containing energy storage | 1784.6 first |
As it can be seen that the operating cost of Real-time Economic Dispatch method proposed in this paper and all the period of time tradition optimization operation result are more
It is close, and when compared to no energy storage device, greatly reduce operating cost.However, as traditional Real-time Economic Dispatch method,
There are certain subjectivities for it, it will usually deviate optimal solution, but the advantage of Real-time Economic Dispatch is its method simplicity, calculates speed
Degree is fast, is convenient for practical application.Further, since the electricity value that model describes energy storage is established, it can be by the behavioral strategy of energy storage
It decouples and comes out from the time, convenient for the application of real-time imbalance power adjustment.
Assuming that net load power prediction deviation percent is positive and is distributed very much, practical net load function is investigated as unit of 5 minutes
Rate considers that the imbalance power method of adjustment of energy storage electricity value is adjusted using method of the invention, with the allusion quotation simulated
The practical net load power curve of type and imbalance power curve are as shown in figure 8, then one day imbalance power adjusts expense such as Fig. 9 institute
Show, adjustment income is indicated when less than zero.
As seen from the figure, although when there are imbalance power, it is understood that there may be adjustment expense is also likely to be present adjustment income, this
Depending on the deviation of practical net load power, but generally adjustment expense be greater than adjustment income, this species diversity mainly by
Caused by the power dissipation in controllable micro- source.By taking example of the invention as an example, one day adjustment expense is 145.5614 yuan, and one day adjusts
Whole income only has 93.7309 yuan.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch method based on energy storage electricity value assessment, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
1) statistics alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operation historical data, acquisition meteorological data, in conjunction with microgrid history data to wind,
Light power output and load are predicted, following one day net load power curve is obtained, and are established day part and disregarded energy storage power output
Overall cost net load power function；The day part established disregards the overall cost net load power function of energy storage power output are as follows:
Wherein, Ch(P) be peak when overall cost power function, CmIt (P) is overall cost power function usually, ClIt (P) is paddy
When overall cost power function, qtFor the electricity price of t period；
2) respectively by fuel cell and micro turbine fuel cost curve linear, and Environmental costs are linear with operation expense
Change, obtains the overall cost coefficient of fuel cell and micro turbine；The fuel cell overall cost coefficient CFCWith micro turbine
Overall cost coefficient CMTIt is respectively as follows:
Wherein,For linearisation after micro turbine fuel cost power function slope,For the fuel after linearisation
The slope of the fuel cost power function of battery；γMTFor the operation expense coefficient of micro turbine, γFCFor the fortune of fuel cell
Row maintenance cost coefficient；NMTCategory of pollutant discharge, N for micro turbineFCFor the category of pollutant discharge of fuel cell,It is micro-
The emission factor of combustion engine θ kind pollutant,For the emission factor of the θ kind pollutant of fuel cell, cθFor θ kind pollutant
Unit discharge control expense；ηMTFor the efficiency of connection ac bus and the inverter of micro turbine, ηFCConnect DC bus and
The efficiency of the inverter of fuel cell；
3) arbitrary period energy storage electricity value is defined are as follows: energy storage available power in the case where meeting certain constraint by adjusting following each
The operating point of period overall cost power curve, obtained maximum return establish the mathematical model of maximum gain to energy storage
Electricity value is solved；The mathematical model of the maximum gain is as follows:
Wherein, GkFor k period energy storage electricity total value；For t period energy storage power output, discharge when being greater than zero；It is stored up for the k period
It can electricity；Respectively energy storage electricity lower and upper limit；Segment length when Δ t is；DSBFor energy storage self discharge coefficient, QSBFor
Stored energy capacitance；Respectively energy storage power output lower and upper limit, the upper limit of lower limit absolute value representation energy storage charge power；T
Number of segment when being one, PtFor t period net load power；
4) according to the overall cost in each micro- source and consider that energy storage electricity is worth in arbitrary period that step 3) solves, establish minimum
Change the mathematical model of alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operating cost；The mathematical modulo of the minimum alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid operating cost
Type includes objective function and constraint condition, in which:
Objective function are as follows:
Constraint condition are as follows:
In objective function,It is worth for electricity in any k period energy storage, by by k period energy storage electricity total value GkTo the k period
Energy storage electricityDerivation obtains；FkFor the target of k period alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch；fMT()、fFC() difference
For the fuel cost function of micro turbine and fuel cell；β is load rejection penalty coefficient,For k period load rejection capacity；N
For category of pollutant discharge,For the emission factor of the θ kind pollutant of i-th kind of controllable micro battery；γmFor m platform equipment
Operation expense coefficient；WhenIndicate that energy storage is being charged when being negative；For k period outside online shopping electrical power；For k
Period micro turbine power output,For k period fuel cell power output；qkFor the electricity price of k period；
In constraint condition, PkFor k period total net load power, including exchange side net loadWith DC side net load For the bidirectional power converter power transmission upper limit；Cross force generated output is exchanged for the k period,For k period DC side
Photovoltaic generation power；For micro turbine contribute the upper limit,For the fuel cell power output upper limit；For outside online shopping electrical power
The upper limit,For interruptible load maximum size；For k period alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid network loss, expression formula is as follows:
In formula: SacFor the feeder line set between each equipment in exchange side and ac bus, include micro turbine, wind-power electricity generation, exchange side
Load and the connection feeder line between outer net,For in k period feeder line l1The active power of transmission,For in k period feeder line
l1The reactive power of transmission,For feeder line l1Resistance, UN,acTo exchange side bus voltage rating, SdcFor each equipment of DC side with
Feeder line set between DC bus；For in k period feeder line l2The active power of transmission,For feeder line l2Resistance, UN,dcFor
Exchange side bus voltage rating；
5) when small grade time scale in carry out alternating current-direct current mixing microgrid Real-time Economic Dispatch after, in five minutes grades with
Imbalance power adjustment is carried out based on the power output plan that Real-time Economic Dispatch is formulated in the period, when imbalance power is less than zero
When, using over-evaluating model；When imbalance power is greater than zero, using underestimating model；Wherein:
The model of over-evaluating includes objective function and constraint condition:
Objective function is
Constraint condition is
In formula:The objective function of model is over-evaluated for the k period；In over-evaluating model, Δ Pgrid、ΔPMT、ΔPFC、ΔPcutAnd Δ
PSBFor controlled variable, indicate to increase operation when being greater than zero；ΔPgridFor outside online shopping electrical power increment, Δ PMTFor micro turbine power output
Increment, Δ PFCFor fuel cell power output increment, Δ PcutFor load rejection increment, Δ PSBFor energy storage power output increment；ΔPcut,acFor
Exchange side load rejection increment, Δ Pcut,dcFor DC side load rejection increment；For the appraisal of k period wind-power electricity generation height；
Estimate for k period photovoltaic power generation height,For k period imbalance power；Indicate that micro turbine fuel cost is bent
Value of the derived function that line contributes to micro turbine when k period hour grade micro turbine plan is contributed,Indicate combustion
Value of the derived function that material battery fuel cost curve contribute to fuel cell in k period hour grade fuel cell plan power output；
The model of underestimating includes objective function and constraint condition:
Objective function is
Constraint condition is
In formula:The objective function of model is underestimated for the k period；δMTAnd δFCRespectively micro turbine climbing rate and fuel cell climbing
Rate；In underestimating model, controlled variable, which is greater than zero, to be indicated to reduce operation；ΔPgrid、ΔPMT、ΔPFC、ΔPcutWith Δ PSBFor can
Variable is controlled, indicates to reduce operation when being greater than zero；ΔPgridFor outside online shopping electrical power decrement, Δ PMTIt contributes and is reduced for micro turbine,
ΔPFCIt contributes and is reduced for fuel cell, Δ PcutFor load rejection decrement, Δ PSBIt contributes and is reduced for energy storage.
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