CN106252158A - Electromagnetic relay circuit - Google Patents
Electromagnetic relay circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106252158A CN106252158A CN201610832259.1A CN201610832259A CN106252158A CN 106252158 A CN106252158 A CN 106252158A CN 201610832259 A CN201610832259 A CN 201610832259A CN 106252158 A CN106252158 A CN 106252158A
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005288 electromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
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- Relay Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides an electromagnetic relay circuit, including: the first end of the electromagnetic coil is connected with power supply voltage through a first resistor; a first electrode of the transistor is connected with a second end of the electromagnetic coil, a second electrode of the transistor is grounded, a third electrode of the transistor is connected with a control signal through a second resistor, and the control signal is used for controlling the transistor to be switched on or switched off; and the demagnetizing circuit is connected with the electromagnetic coil in parallel and comprises a clamping diode and a voltage stabilizing diode which are connected in series. According to the embodiment of the invention, the voltage stabilizing diode is added in the demagnetization circuit of the electromagnetic coil, so that the demagnetization voltage of the electromagnetic coil is the sum of the voltage stabilizing diode and the voltage of the clamping diode, the demagnetization speed of the relay coil can be effectively accelerated, and the working time from attraction to opening of the contact is shortened; the circuit has simple and reliable structure and low cost, and can meet the application occasions requiring the rapid action of the relay.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an electromagnetic relay circuit.
Background
In the prior art, a direct current coil electromagnetic relay is generally used for a power supply and other electrical equipment. The working principle of the direct current coil electromagnetic relay mainly comprises the following steps: as long as a certain voltage is applied to the two ends of the coil, a certain current flows in the coil, so that an electromagnetic effect is generated, and the internal switch contact can overcome the pulling force of the spring under the action of the electromagnetic force to perform suction or release actions. When the coil is powered off, the current of the coil is zero, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the contact can restore to the original position under the action of the spring.
When the relay contact is switched, a certain action time is needed, and the control signals of the circuit are high-level actuation and low-level release. The relay contact needs a long time from actuation to release, and cannot be applied to occasions requiring rapid switching action.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic relay circuit, which solves the problem that in the prior art, the time required by a relay contact in the process from actuation to release is long.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic relay circuit, including:
the first end of the electromagnetic coil is connected with a power supply voltage through a first resistor;
a transistor including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode; a first electrode of the transistor is connected with a second end of the electromagnetic coil, a second electrode of the transistor is grounded, a third electrode of the transistor is connected with a control signal through a second resistor, and the control signal is used for controlling the transistor to be switched on or switched off; and the number of the first and second groups,
a demagnetization circuit connected in parallel with the electromagnetic coil, the demagnetization circuit including a clamp diode and a zener diode connected in series;
the anode of the clamping diode is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode, the cathode of the clamping diode is connected with the first end of the electromagnetic coil, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil; or,
the negative pole of the clamping diode is connected with the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode, the positive pole of the clamping diode is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil, and the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first end of the electromagnetic coil.
Wherein the transistor is a bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor;
when the transistor is a bipolar transistor, a first electrode of the transistor is a collector, a second electrode of the transistor is an emitter, and a third electrode of the transistor is a base; the collector is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil, the emitter is grounded, and the base is connected with the control signal through a second resistor;
when the transistor is a field effect transistor, a first electrode of the transistor is a drain electrode, a second electrode of the transistor is a source electrode, and a third electrode of the transistor is a grid electrode; the drain electrode is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil, the source electrode is grounded, and the grid electrode is connected with the control signal through a second resistor.
Wherein the zener diode is a target zener diode; or,
the voltage stabilizing diode consists of a plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes which are connected in series; wherein,
the regulated voltage value of the target zener diode is equal to the sum of the regulated voltage values of the plurality of discrete zener diodes connected in series.
Wherein a regulated voltage value of the target zener diode is less than a maximum reverse cut-off voltage of the first electrode to the second electrode of the transistor; or,
the sum of the regulated voltage values of the plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes connected in series is less than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the first electrode to the second electrode of the transistor.
When the control signal is a low level signal, the transistor is turned off; when the control signal is a high level signal, the transistor is conducted.
Wherein the electromagnetic relay circuit further comprises:
a capacitor connected in parallel with the first resistor; when the transistor is turned on, the capacitor stores charge; when the transistor is turned off, the capacitor releases the stored capacitance.
Wherein the electromagnetic coil includes: a coil, a spring, and a contact; wherein,
when the transistor is conducted, the coil is electrified and generates electromagnetic force, and the contact point overcomes the tensile force of the spring to jump from the first position to the second position under the action of the electromagnetic force; when the transistor is switched off, the coil is powered off and the electromagnetic force disappears, and the contact is restored to the first position under the action of the spring.
When the transistor is turned off, the voltage polarity of the electromagnetic coil is changed to generate reverse electromotive force, and the voltage stabilizing diode is broken down; and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil is not changed, the reverse demagnetization voltage of the electromagnetic coil is the sum of the voltage value of the clamping diode and the voltage value of the voltage stabilizing diode.
The technical scheme of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
in the electromagnetic relay circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention, the voltage stabilizing diode is added in the demagnetization circuit of the electromagnetic coil, so that the demagnetization voltage of the electromagnetic coil is the sum of the voltage stabilizing diode and the voltage of the clamping diode, the demagnetization speed of the relay coil can be effectively accelerated, and the working time from attraction to opening of a contact is shortened; the circuit has simple and reliable structure and low cost, and can meet the application occasions requiring the rapid action of the relay.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a circuit configuration of an electromagnetic relay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second schematic circuit diagram of an electromagnetic relay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic relay circuit, including:
a solenoid L, a first end of which is connected to a supply voltage + V via a first resistor R1;
a transistor Q1, the transistor Q1 including three electrodes, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode; a first electrode of the transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the electromagnetic coil L, a second electrode of the transistor Q1 is grounded, and a third electrode of the transistor Q1 is connected to a control signal through a second resistor R2, wherein the control signal is used for controlling the transistor Q1 to be turned on or off; and the number of the first and second groups,
and a demagnetization circuit connected in parallel with the electromagnetic coil L, the demagnetization circuit including a clamping diode D1 and a zener diode Z1 connected in series.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the specific connection relationship of the demagnetization circuit is as follows: the positive pole of the clamping diode D1 is connected with the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode Z1, the negative pole of the clamping diode D1 is connected with the first end of the electromagnetic coil L, and the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode Z1 is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil L.
Or, the specific connection relationship of the demagnetization circuit is as follows: the cathode of the clamping diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the zener diode Z1, the anode of the clamping diode D1 is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil L, and the anode of the zener diode Z1 is connected with the first end of the electromagnetic coil L. This connection is not shown in the drawings. In short, the positions of the clamping diode D1 and the zener diode Z1 in fig. 1 and 2 can be interchanged, and are not limited to the connection manner shown in fig. 1 and 2.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, a voltage regulator tube Z1 is added to the clamping diode D1 of the electromagnetic coil L and connected in series with the clamping diode D1; when the transistor Q1 is turned off, the coil is an inductive element, and the current cannot change abruptly, and the direction of the original current is maintained, but the polarity of the coil voltage can be changed to a reverse voltage opposite to the direction of the power supply voltage (the voltage after the change is positive at the bottom and negative at the top as shown in fig. 1 and 2). When the reverse voltage reaches the voltage of the voltage stabilizing diode, the voltage stabilizing diode is broken down, and the reverse demagnetization voltage of the coil is VZ1+VD1I.e., the demagnetization voltage increases, the relay release time is reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the relay is normally switched on, the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil and the triode Q1 is the steady-state current I1, and the coil voltage is positive and negative. At the instant of the release of the relay,the coil of the relay generates reverse electromotive force to break down the voltage stabilizing diode Z1, the current direction is the same, and the current flowing through the coil, the voltage stabilizing diode Z1 and the diode D1 is I2; at this time, pass through VZ1+VD1The voltage demagnetizes to quickly release the energy of the coil, and the higher the demagnetizing voltage is, the release speed of the relay can be obviously accelerated.
The transistor is a bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor; wherein, the three electrodes of the bipolar transistor are a collector electrode, a base electrode and an emitter electrode; the three electrodes of the field effect transistor are a source, a gate and a drain. Specifically, the bipolar transistor is a triode, and the field effect transistor is a MOS transistor. That is, the transistor Q1 is a triode or a field effect transistor Mosfet.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, when the transistor is a bipolar transistor, the first electrode of the transistor is a collector c, the second electrode of the transistor is an emitter e, and the third electrode of the transistor is a base b; wherein the collector c is connected to a second end of the electromagnetic coil, the emitter e is grounded, and the base b is connected to the control signal through a second resistor R2.
When the transistor is a field effect transistor (not shown in the figure), the first electrode of the transistor is a drain d, the second electrode of the transistor is a source s, and the third electrode of the transistor is a gate g; the drain d is connected to the second end of the electromagnetic coil, the source s is grounded, and the gate g is connected to the control signal through a second resistor R2.
It should be noted that the zener diode Z1 may be replaced by a unipolar TVS (transient suppression diode) with the same voltage level.
Specifically, in the above embodiment of the present invention, the zener diode is a target zener diode; or,
the voltage stabilizing diode consists of a plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes which are connected in series; wherein,
the regulated voltage value of the target zener diode is equal to the sum of the regulated voltage values of the plurality of discrete zener diodes connected in series.
The voltage stabilizing diode in the electromagnetic relay circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention can use one diode, and can also use a plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes to be connected in series under the condition of ensuring that the total voltage is not changed; and is not particularly limited herein.
To ensure that transistor Q1 is not damaged when transistor Q1 is turned off, resulting in damage to transistor Q1. Therefore, although the higher the voltage selected by the zener diode Z1 is, the shorter the relay release time is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the zener diode has a regulated voltage value smaller than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the first electrode to the second electrode of the transistor; or the sum of the regulated voltage values of a plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes connected in series is less than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the first electrode to the second electrode of the transistor.
Specifically, when the transistor is a triode, the regulated voltage value of the target voltage regulator diode is smaller than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the collector electrode to the emitter electrode of the triode; or the sum of the regulated voltage values of a plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes connected in series is less than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the collector electrode to the emitter electrode of the triode. Namely, when the triode Q1 is turned off, the maximum reverse cut-off voltage of the c-e end of the triode cannot exceed the maximum value of the specification; namely, the total voltage of the voltage stabilizing diode in the electromagnetic relay circuit can not be larger than the Vc-emax of the triode.
When the transistor is an MOS tube, the voltage-stabilizing value of the target voltage-stabilizing diode is smaller than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the drain electrode to the source electrode of the MOS tube; or the sum of the regulated voltage values of a plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes connected in series is less than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the drain electrode to the source electrode of the MOS tube.
Specifically, the turning-off or turning-on of the transistor Q1 is controlled by a control signal, that is, when the control signal is a low level signal, the transistor Q1 is turned off; when the control signal is a high level signal, the transistor Q1 is turned on.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic relay circuit further includes:
a capacitor (not shown) connected in parallel with the first resistor R1; when the transistor Q1 is turned on, the capacitor stores charge; when the transistor Q1 is turned off, the capacitor releases the stored capacitance.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the voltage-dividing current-limiting resistor R1 to be connected with the capacitor in parallel, so that on the basis of ensuring effective pull-in, the power supply current of the relay in steady-state operation can be reduced when the Q1 is switched on, and the standby loss is reduced.
Preferably, in the above embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic coil L includes: a coil, a spring, and a contact; wherein,
when the transistor is conducted, the coil is electrified and generates electromagnetic force, and the contact point overcomes the tensile force of the spring to jump from the first position to the second position under the action of the electromagnetic force; when the transistor is switched off, the coil is powered off and the electromagnetic force disappears, and the contact is restored to the first position under the action of the spring.
Specifically, in the above embodiment of the present invention, when the transistor is turned off, the voltage polarity of the electromagnetic coil is changed to generate a reverse electromotive force, so as to break down the zener diode; and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil is not changed, the reverse demagnetization voltage of the electromagnetic coil is the sum of the voltage value of the clamping diode and the voltage value of the voltage stabilizing diode.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention increases the demagnetization speed by increasing the demagnetization voltage of the relay coil, and reduces the time required for releasing the contact. When Q1 is turned off, the voltage regulator tube is broken down through the reverse electromotive force of the relay coil, the voltage of the relay coil is clamped to the voltage of the voltage regulator tube and the voltage drop of the diode, and the coil is demagnetized quickly through the voltage, so that the release speed of the relay contact is accelerated.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An electromagnetic relay circuit, comprising:
the first end of the electromagnetic coil is connected with a power supply voltage through a first resistor;
a transistor including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode; a first electrode of the transistor is connected with a second end of the electromagnetic coil, a second electrode of the transistor is grounded, a third electrode of the transistor is connected with a control signal through a second resistor, and the control signal is used for controlling the transistor to be switched on or switched off; and the number of the first and second groups,
a demagnetization circuit connected in parallel with the electromagnetic coil, the demagnetization circuit including a clamp diode and a zener diode connected in series;
the anode of the clamping diode is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode, the cathode of the clamping diode is connected with the first end of the electromagnetic coil, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil; or the cathode of the clamping diode is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode, the anode of the clamping diode is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first end of the electromagnetic coil.
2. The electromagnetic relay circuit of claim 1, wherein the transistor is a bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor;
when the transistor is a bipolar transistor, a first electrode of the transistor is a collector, a second electrode of the transistor is an emitter, and a third electrode of the transistor is a base; the collector is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil, the emitter is grounded, and the base is connected with the control signal through a second resistor;
when the transistor is a field effect transistor, a first electrode of the transistor is a drain electrode, a second electrode of the transistor is a source electrode, and a third electrode of the transistor is a grid electrode; the drain electrode is connected with the second end of the electromagnetic coil, the source electrode is grounded, and the grid electrode is connected with the control signal through a second resistor.
3. The electromagnetic relay circuit of claim 1, wherein the zener diode is a target zener diode; or,
the voltage stabilizing diode consists of a plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes which are connected in series; wherein,
the regulated voltage value of the target zener diode is equal to the sum of the regulated voltage values of the plurality of discrete zener diodes connected in series.
4. The electromagnetic relay circuit according to claim 3, wherein the regulated voltage value of the target zener diode is smaller than a maximum reverse cut-off voltage of the first electrode to the second electrode of the transistor; or,
the sum of the regulated voltage values of the plurality of discrete voltage stabilizing diodes connected in series is less than the maximum reverse cut-off voltage from the first electrode to the second electrode of the transistor.
5. The electromagnetic relay circuit according to claim 1, wherein when the control signal is a low level signal, the transistor is turned off; when the control signal is a high level signal, the transistor is conducted.
6. The electromagnetic relay circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
a capacitor connected in parallel with the first resistor; when the transistor is turned on, the capacitor stores charge; when the transistor is turned off, the capacitor releases the stored capacitance.
7. The electromagnetic relay circuit of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic coil comprises: a coil, a spring, and a contact; wherein,
when the transistor is conducted, the coil is electrified and generates electromagnetic force, and the contact point overcomes the tensile force of the spring to jump from the first position to the second position under the action of the electromagnetic force; when the transistor is switched off, the coil is powered off and the electromagnetic force disappears, and the contact is restored to the first position under the action of the spring.
8. The electromagnetic relay circuit according to claim 1, wherein when said transistor is turned off, a voltage polarity of said electromagnetic coil is shifted to generate a reverse electromotive force to break down said zener diode; and the current direction of the electromagnetic coil is not changed, the reverse demagnetization voltage of the electromagnetic coil is the sum of the voltage value of the clamping diode and the voltage value of the voltage stabilizing diode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610832259.1A CN106252158A (en) | 2016-09-19 | 2016-09-19 | Electromagnetic relay circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610832259.1A CN106252158A (en) | 2016-09-19 | 2016-09-19 | Electromagnetic relay circuit |
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| CN106252158A true CN106252158A (en) | 2016-12-21 |
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| CN201610832259.1A Pending CN106252158A (en) | 2016-09-19 | 2016-09-19 | Electromagnetic relay circuit |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107134391A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-05 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Relay control circuit and car |
| CN107473031A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of gateway doorway machine, which is swiped the card, opens the door and calls the circuit and implementation method of elevator |
| CN109036960A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-18 | 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of relay driving control circuit |
| CN109130858A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-04 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Direct current/direct current converter starting control circuit of electric automobile and automobile |
| CN110265262A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-20 | 昂宝电子（上海）有限公司 | Driving circuit and quick demagnetizing method for inductive relay |
| CN112017910A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-01 | 固德威电源科技(广德)有限公司 | Relay drive circuit and power equipment applying same |
| CN112490077A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-12 | 苏州海鹏科技有限公司 | Relay control circuit and photovoltaic inverter adopting same |
| CN113745054A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Relay anti-adhesion and drive pin protection control circuit and device |
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| CN109130858A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-04 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Direct current/direct current converter starting control circuit of electric automobile and automobile |
| CN110265262A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-20 | 昂宝电子（上海）有限公司 | Driving circuit and quick demagnetizing method for inductive relay |
| CN113745054A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Relay anti-adhesion and drive pin protection control circuit and device |
| CN112017910A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-01 | 固德威电源科技(广德)有限公司 | Relay drive circuit and power equipment applying same |
| CN112490077A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-12 | 苏州海鹏科技有限公司 | Relay control circuit and photovoltaic inverter adopting same |
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Application publication date: 20161221 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |