CN106239642B - Multi-head tenon joint machine for woodworking - Google Patents
Multi-head tenon joint machine for woodworking Download PDFInfo
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- CN106239642B CN106239642B CN201610765673.5A CN201610765673A CN106239642B CN 106239642 B CN106239642 B CN 106239642B CN 201610765673 A CN201610765673 A CN 201610765673A CN 106239642 B CN106239642 B CN 106239642B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
- B27C9/00—Multi-purpose machines; Universal machines; Equipment therefor
- B27C9/04—Multi-purpose machines; Universal machines; Equipment therefor with a plurality of working spindles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27F—DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES
- B27F1/00—Dovetailed work; Tenons; Making tongues or grooves; Groove- and- tongue jointed work; Finger- joints
- B27F1/08—Making dovetails, tongues, or tenons, of definite limited length
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种木工的多头榫接机,属于木工机械技术领域。它解决了现有的技术加工质量很差的问题。本木工的多头榫接机包括位于前部的工作台和位于后部的底座,底座上设有竖直的支座,支座沿水平方向滑动连接在底座上且两者之间设有用于驱动前者相对后者移动的动力源一,支座上设有动力头一和动力头二,动力头一和动力头二沿竖直方向滑动连接在支座上,动力头一和动力头二之间沿水平方向能够相对移动,支座上设有用于驱动动力头一及动力头二相对于支座移动的动力源二,动力头一和动力头二两者的输出端朝向工作台,动力头一和动力头二两者的输出轴的轴线相平行。本木工的多头榫接机能够提高榫接加工的工作效率。
The invention provides a woodworking multi-head tenon jointing machine, which belongs to the technical field of woodworking machinery. It solves the problem of poor processing quality in existing technologies. The multi-head mortise and tenon jointing machine of this carpenter includes a workbench at the front and a base at the rear. The base is provided with a vertical support. The power source 1 that the former moves relative to the latter is provided with a power head 1 and a power head 2 on the support, and the power head 1 and the power head 2 are slid and connected on the support along the vertical direction. It can move relatively in the horizontal direction. The support is provided with a power source 2 for driving the first power head and the second power head to move relative to the support. The output ends of the first power head and the second power head face the workbench. Parallel to the axes of the output shafts of the power head two. The woodworking multi-head tenon joint machine can improve the work efficiency of tenon joint processing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于木工机械技术领域,涉及一种木工的多头榫接机。The invention belongs to the technical field of woodworking machinery and relates to a multi-head tenon jointing machine for woodworking.
背景技术Background technique
木工加工包括切角、下料和榫接等方式。榫接机构是木、竹制品中古老而传统的连接方式,其采用榫头、榫槽相配合的方式,使得木、竹制品连接稳定牢固,摒弃了通过钉子、销子或螺栓等金属连接件进行连接的方式,使得制品即美观又安全。以前的开榫槽的方式大多采用手动钻孔或铣刀铣槽的方式,这种榫接方式一般为直角垂直连接,即榫头垂直插入榫槽内,然而这种加工方式目前已经很难满足榫接机构的强度要求。现有的如门框、窗框等框状结构一般采用45°斜角连接的方式,其榫头和榫槽连接牢固。而现有技术中的开榫方式已不满足45°斜角榫头和榫槽的加工精度要求,并且其加工效率低下,不适用于产业化。Woodworking processing includes corner cutting, blanking and tenon joints. The mortise joint mechanism is an ancient and traditional connection method in wood and bamboo products. It adopts the method of matching tenon and tenon to make the connection of wood and bamboo products stable and firm, and it does not use metal connectors such as nails, pins or bolts. The way of connection makes the product both beautiful and safe. Most of the previous methods of mortise opening were manual drilling or milling with a milling cutter. This kind of mortise joint is generally a right-angled vertical connection, that is, the tenon head is inserted vertically into the tenon groove. However, this processing method is currently difficult to meet the tenon The strength requirements of the connecting mechanism. Existing frame-like structures such as door frames and window frames generally adopt a 45° oblique connection mode, and the tenon and tenon-groove connections are firm. However, the tenoning method in the prior art does not meet the processing accuracy requirements of the 45° bevel tenon and tenon groove, and its processing efficiency is low, so it is not suitable for industrialization.
为了解决这个问题,一些厂家设计了一些半自动的榫接机,比如CN201320601402.8所公开的一种木工榫接机,包括机架和工作台,工作台上设有两个相互垂直的导向板,导向板两侧分别设有能将工件压紧于导向板上的压紧机构,机架上设有对工件进行加工的动力头,机架上还设有用于驱动动力头做进给运动的驱动机构。该设备实现了部分的自动化加工。In order to solve this problem, some manufacturers have designed some semi-automatic tenon joint machines, such as a woodworking tenon joint machine disclosed in CN201320601402.8, which includes a frame and a workbench. The workbench is provided with two mutually perpendicular guide plates, Both sides of the guide plate are respectively equipped with a pressing mechanism that can press the workpiece on the guide plate. The power head for processing the workpiece is installed on the frame, and the drive for driving the power head to do the feed movement is also installed on the frame. mechanism. The equipment realizes partial automatic processing.
但上述的专利设备也存在一些缺陷:榫接机的加工头只有一个,在加工切角面和榫头及榫孔的时候,会面临需要换刀的问题,如果不换刀,只能完成上述功能的其中一个,且加工的质量还很差。However, the above-mentioned patented equipment also has some defects: there is only one processing head of the mortise joint machine. When processing the chamfered surface, tenon head and tenon hole, it will face the problem of needing to change the tool. If the tool is not changed, only the above functions can be completed. One of them, and the quality of processing is still very poor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有的技术存在的上述问题,提供一种木工的多头榫接机,本发明所要解决的技术问题是:如何提高榫接加工的工作效率。The present invention aims at the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing technology, and provides a woodworking multi-head tenon joint machine. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the working efficiency of tenon joint processing.
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现:The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种木工的多头榫接机,所述榫接机包括位于前部的工作台和位于后部的底座,所述底座上设有竖直的支座,所述支座沿水平方向滑动连接在底座上且两者之间设有用于驱动前者相对后者移动的动力源一,其特征在于,所述支座上设有动力头一和动力头二,所述动力头一和动力头二沿竖直方向滑动连接在支座上,所述动力头一和动力头二之间沿水平方向能够相对移动,所述支座上设有用于驱动所述动力头一及动力头二相对于所述支座移动的动力源二,所述动力头一和动力头二两者的输出端朝向所述工作台,所述动力头一和动力头二两者的输出轴的轴线相平行。A multi-head mortise joint machine for woodworking, the mortise joint machine includes a workbench at the front and a base at the rear, the base is provided with a vertical support, and the support is slidably connected to the A power source 1 for driving the former to move relative to the latter is provided on the base and between the two. It is characterized in that a power head 1 and a power head 2 are arranged on the support, and the power head 1 and the power head 2 are arranged along the The vertical direction is slidably connected to the support, and the power head 1 and the power head 2 can move relative to each other in the horizontal direction. The power source 2 for the movement of the support, the output ends of the power head 1 and the power head 2 face the worktable, and the axes of the output shafts of the power head 1 and the power head 2 are parallel.
其原理如下:一般来说,工作台和底座可以固连也可以不固连,动力头一及动力头二的输出端一般可以安装加工木工用的刀具,不同的刀具可以对木工的工件进行加工榫头或者榫孔。一般将工件放置在工作台上固定,动力源一驱动支座相对于底座移动以调整动力头一及动力头二的水平方向的位置,动力源二驱动动力头一及动力头二的竖直方向的位置,从而共同实现动力头一和动力头二在水平方向和竖直方向双重的调整,由于动力头一和动力头二两者的输出端朝向所述工作台使得调整位置后的动力头一及动力头二能够直接加工工作台上的工件。本多功能榫接机采用独立可以安装刀具的动力头一和动力头二,两者分别可以安装加工榫头的刀具和加工榫孔的刀具,就可以实现在一次加工中分别加工榫头和榫孔,相比现有的单个动力头,本多功能榫接机不需要在加工过程中换刀,提高了加工的效率,将动力头一和动力头二设计成沿水平方向可相对移动还能够实现两者相对位置上的调整,可以便于同时加工不同工件上的榫孔和榫头,也可以加快加工同一工件上的不同位置的榫孔和榫头,进一步提高了加工的效率。另外,动力头一和动力头二安装其他刀具后还可以实现切割木料或者切角的功能,因此,也可以实现加工榫接结构以外的木工结构,提高多功能性。The principle is as follows: Generally speaking, the workbench and the base can be fixed or not. The output ends of the power head 1 and the power head 2 can generally be installed with woodworking tools, and different tools can process woodworking workpieces. tenon or mortise. Generally, the workpiece is placed on the workbench and fixed, the power source 1 drives the support to move relative to the base to adjust the horizontal position of the power head 1 and the power head 2, and the power source 2 drives the vertical direction of the power head 1 and the power head 2 The position of power head 1 and power head 2 can be adjusted in the horizontal direction and vertical direction together. Since the output ends of power head 1 and power head 2 are facing the workbench, power head 1 after adjusting the position And power head two can directly process the workpiece on the workbench. This multifunctional mortise joint machine adopts the power head 1 and the power head 2 which can independently install tools, and the two can respectively install the tools for processing the tenon and the tool for processing the tenon hole, so that the tenon and the tenon hole can be processed separately in one process. Compared with the existing single power head, this multifunctional mortise joint machine does not need to change tools during processing, which improves the processing efficiency. The power head 1 and power head 2 are designed to be relatively movable along the horizontal direction and can realize two The adjustment of the relative position of the machine tool can facilitate the simultaneous processing of tenon holes and tenon heads on different workpieces, and can also speed up the processing of tenon holes and tenon heads at different positions on the same workpiece, further improving the processing efficiency. In addition, the power head 1 and the power head 2 can also realize the function of cutting wood or cutting corners after installing other tools. Therefore, it is also possible to process woodworking structures other than tenon joint structures and improve multi-functionality.
在上述的一种木工的多头榫接机中,所述支座上设有动力头三和动力头四,所述动力头三和动力头四沿竖直方向滑动连接在支座上,所述支座上设有用于驱动所述动力头三和动力头四相对于所述支座移动的动力源三,所述动力头三和动力头四的输出端均朝向所述工作台,所述动力头三和动力头四之间沿水平方向能够相对移动,所述动力头三、动力头四、动力头一和动力头二四者的输出轴的轴线相平行。设计有动力头三和动力头四后,增加了两种刀具的安装,不同的四把刀具能够进一步丰富加工的多种多样,利用动力源三进行独立的沿竖直方向的位置调整,使得四把刀具至少形成两组分别移动的加工方式,一般来说,动力头一安装加工榫头的刀具,动力头二安装加工榫孔的刀具,动力头三安装切割135°斜面的刀具,动力头四安装用于修整135°斜面的刀具,以形成切角、修整、加工榫头及榫孔的完整的加工系统,提高榫接加工整体上的加工效率,实现包含榫接加工在内的功能多样的加工方式,另外动力头三和动力头四两者能够相对移动使得面对不同位置的加工对象能够更加快速的调节刀具的位置,提高加工效率。In the above-mentioned multi-head tenon jointing machine for woodworking, the power head 3 and the power head 4 are provided on the support, and the power head 3 and the power head 4 are slidably connected to the support in the vertical direction. The support is provided with a power source 3 for driving the power head 3 and the power head 4 to move relative to the support, the output ends of the power head 3 and the power head 4 are all facing the workbench, and the power The head three and the power head four can relatively move along the horizontal direction, and the axes of the output shafts of the power head three, the power head four, the power head one and the power head two are parallel. After the power head 3 and power head 4 are designed, the installation of two kinds of cutting tools is added, and the different four cutting tools can further enrich the variety of processing. Using the power source 3 to independently adjust the position along the vertical direction makes the four Form the cutting tool into at least two sets of processing methods that move separately. Generally speaking, the first power head is installed with the tool for processing tenons, the second power head is equipped with the tool for processing mortise holes, the third power head is equipped with the tool for cutting 135° inclined planes, and the fourth power head is installed The tool used to trim the 135° bevel to form a complete processing system for cutting corners, trimming, and processing tenon and tenon holes, which improves the overall processing efficiency of tenon joint processing and realizes various processing methods including tenon joint processing. In addition, the power head 3 and the power head 4 can move relatively so that the position of the tool can be adjusted more quickly when facing the processing objects in different positions, and the processing efficiency is improved.
在上述的一种木工的多头榫接机中,所述支座上固定有沿竖直方向设置的导轨一和导轨二,所述导轨一上滑动连接有托板一,所述导轨二上滑动连接有托板二,所述动力头一和动力头二连接在托板一上,所述动力头三和动力头四连接在托板二上,所述动力源二和托板一相连接,所述动力源三和托板二相连接,所述托板一和托板二分别位于支座的两侧,所述动力头一能够位于动力头二的正上方,所述动力头三能够位于动力头四的正上方。导轨一和托板一的配合实现动力头一和动力头二沿竖直方向精确的导向和调整,导轨二和托板二的配合实现动力头三和动力头四沿竖直方向精确的导向和调整,两组独立的位置调整可以实现同时的加工,提高加工的速度和加工的方式的多样性;将托板一和托板二设计在支座的两侧,便于两组动力头能够有充足的空间安放,防止相互位置太近产生干涉,后续每组两个动力头又沿竖直方向的排列能够进一步优化空间的局部,可以更加独立的加工,提高加工效率,使得加工多样性的方案实施更加安全和稳定。In the above-mentioned multi-head mortise jointing machine for woodworking, guide rail 1 and guide rail 2 arranged in the vertical direction are fixed on the support. The supporting plate 2 is connected, the power head 1 and the power head 2 are connected to the supporting plate 1, the power head 3 and the power head 4 are connected to the supporting plate 2, the power source 2 is connected to the supporting plate 1, The power source 3 is connected to the supporting plate 2, the supporting plate 1 and the supporting plate 2 are respectively located on both sides of the support, the power head 1 can be located directly above the power head 2, and the power head 3 can be located Directly above the power head four. The cooperation of the guide rail 1 and the support plate 1 realizes the precise guidance and adjustment of the power head 1 and the power head 2 along the vertical direction, and the cooperation of the guide rail 2 and the support plate 2 realizes the precise guidance and adjustment of the power head 3 and the power head 4 along the vertical direction. Adjustment, two sets of independent position adjustments can realize simultaneous processing, improve the processing speed and the diversity of processing methods; design the support plate 1 and support plate 2 on both sides of the support, so that the two sets of power heads can have sufficient The space is placed to prevent interference from being too close to each other, and the subsequent arrangement of two power heads in each group along the vertical direction can further optimize the local part of the space, allowing more independent processing, improving processing efficiency, and implementing a variety of processing solutions. More secure and stable.
在上述的一种木工的多头榫接机中,所述托板一上固定有沿水平方向设置的辅助导轨一,所述辅助导轨一上滑动连接有托板三,所述动力头二固定在所述托板三上,所述托板一和托板三之间设有用于驱动托板三沿辅助导轨一移动的动力源四,所述托板二上固定有沿水平方向设置的辅助导轨二,所述辅助导轨二上滑动连接有托板四,所述动力头四固定在所述托板四上,且所述托板二和托板四之间设有用于驱动所述托板四沿所述辅助导轨二移动的动力源五。辅助导轨一和托板三使得动力头二相对于动力头一可以沿水平方向进行再次位置的调整,同理,辅助导轨二和托板四的配合使得动力头四相对于动力头三可以沿水平方向进行再次位置的调整,这种设计使得四个动力头均存在独立的位置调整机构,在加工过程中可以编制更加多样性和复杂的加工程序,实现包含榫接加工在内的功能多样的加工方式,可以针对不同的加工需要制定针对性的加工方案,从而提高加工效率。In the above-mentioned multi-head mortise and tenon joint machine for woodworking, the auxiliary guide rail 1 arranged along the horizontal direction is fixed on the support plate 1, and the support plate 3 is slidably connected to the support plate 1 on the support plate 1, and the power head 2 is fixed on the On the supporting plate 3, a power source 4 for driving the supporting plate 3 to move along the auxiliary guide rail 1 is arranged between the supporting plate 1 and the supporting plate 3, and the auxiliary guide rail arranged along the horizontal direction is fixed on the supporting plate 2 2. The supporting plate 4 is slidably connected to the auxiliary guide rail 2, the power head 4 is fixed on the supporting plate 4, and there is a drive between the supporting plate 2 and the supporting plate 4 The power source five that moves along the auxiliary guide rail two. Auxiliary guide rail 1 and support plate 3 enable power head 2 to adjust its position again in the horizontal direction relative to power head 1. Similarly, the cooperation of auxiliary guide rail 2 and support plate 4 enables power head 4 to move horizontally relative to power head 3. The direction is adjusted again. This design makes the four power heads have independent position adjustment mechanisms. During the processing process, more diverse and complex processing programs can be compiled to realize multi-function processing including tenon joint processing. In this way, targeted processing schemes can be formulated for different processing needs, thereby improving processing efficiency.
在上述的一种木工的多头榫接机中,所述底座上固定有沿水平横向设置的导轨三,所述导轨三上滑动连接有主托板,所述动力源一和主托板相连接且能驱动主托板沿导轨三移动,所述主托板上固定有沿水平纵向设置的导轨四,所述支座的底部滑动连接在导轨四上,所述主托板和支座之间设有用于驱动所述支座沿导轨四移动的动力源六。导轨三、导轨四和主托板实现支座沿水平横向和纵向两个方向上的位置调整,实现水平双轴驱动,动力源一和动力源六实现自动驱动,提高自动化程度,可以实现数控加工,在加工过程中可以编制更加多样性和复杂的加工程序,实现包含榫接加工在内的功能多样的加工方式;可以针对不同的加工需要制定针对性的加工方案,从而提高加工效率。In the above-mentioned multi-head tenon jointing machine for woodworking, the base is fixed with a guide rail three arranged horizontally and transversely, and a main pallet is slidably connected to the guide rail three, and the power source one is connected with the main pallet. And it can drive the main pallet to move along the guide rail three, the guide rail four arranged vertically and horizontally is fixed on the main pallet, the bottom of the support is slidably connected to the guide rail four, between the main pallet and the support A power source six for driving the support to move along the guide rail four is provided. The third guide rail, the fourth guide rail and the main supporting plate realize the position adjustment of the support along the horizontal, horizontal and vertical directions, and realize the horizontal two-axis drive. The power source 1 and the power source 6 realize automatic drive, improve the degree of automation, and realize CNC machining In the process of processing, more diverse and complex processing programs can be compiled to realize various processing methods including tenon joint processing; targeted processing plans can be formulated according to different processing needs, thereby improving processing efficiency.
在上述的一种木工的多头榫接机中,所述工作台上铰接有能沿水平方向相对于该工作台摆动的挡料块且两者形成一个铰接点,所述挡料块的下端面和工作台的上端面相贴靠,所述挡料块的侧部具有与所述工作台上表面相垂直的定位面,所述工作台的上表面还开设有弧形槽,所述弧形槽内滑动连接有一个拉料块,所述挡料块通过一根螺栓和所述拉料块相固定。挡料块的作用是当加工木料倾斜面的时候可以提供倾斜的靠山,挡料块上的定位面用来和工件相抵靠实现靠山的作用,挡料块可以绕铰接点转动,位置调整后,挡料块通过螺栓拧紧就固定在拉料块上,实现挡料块相对于工作台的水平定位,拉料块既可以有滑动导向功能,又实现对挡料块的定位功能,在调整位置的时候更快速,使得整体的加工速度更快,也使得加工木料更加多样性,可加工不同斜面的切角。In the above-mentioned multi-head tenon jointing machine for woodworking, a stopper block capable of swinging horizontally relative to the workbench is hinged on the workbench, and the two form a hinge point. The lower end surface of the stopper block It is close to the upper end surface of the workbench, and the side part of the block has a positioning surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the workbench. The upper surface of the workbench is also provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped groove The inner sliding connection is provided with a pulling block, and the blocking block is fixed with the pulling block by a bolt. The function of the stop block is to provide an inclined backing when processing the inclined surface of the wood. The positioning surface on the stop block is used to abut against the workpiece to realize the function of the back. The stop block can rotate around the hinge point. After the position is adjusted, The stop block is fixed on the pull block by tightening the bolts to realize the horizontal positioning of the stop block relative to the workbench. The time is faster, which makes the overall processing speed faster, and also makes the processed wood more diverse, and can process the chamfering of different slopes.
在上述的一种木工的多头榫接机中,所述弧形槽的两侧壁具有沿水平方向向内凹进的导槽,所述拉料块的底部具有向外凸起的环形凸缘,所述环形凸缘至少局部卡接在所述导槽内且前者能够相对于后者滑动,所述弧形槽至少一个端部具有可供拉料块取出的扩口部。导槽和环形凸缘配合实现更精确的导向和拉料块竖直方向定位的作用,扩口部的面积一般要比拉料块大,便于将拉料块取出和安装进去。In the above-mentioned multi-head tenon jointing machine for woodworking, the two side walls of the arc-shaped groove have guide grooves recessed inward along the horizontal direction, and the bottom of the pulling block has an outwardly protruding annular flange , the annular flange is at least partly engaged in the guide groove and the former can slide relative to the latter, and at least one end of the arc-shaped groove has a flaring portion for taking out the pulling block. The guide groove and the annular flange cooperate to realize more accurate guiding and vertical positioning of the pulling block. The area of the flaring part is generally larger than that of the pulling block, which is convenient for taking out and installing the pulling block.
在上述的一种木工的多头榫接机中,所述工作台上固定有横梁,所述横梁位于工作台的正上方,横梁上滑动连接有竖直气缸,所述竖直气缸的活塞杆固连有压料块,所述压料块的下端面与所述工作台的上表面相平行。竖直气缸和压料块的配合实现将工件压紧定位在工作台上,以便后续加工所用,这种自上而下的压紧相比水平方向的压紧而言,稳定性更好,使得后续多功能加工不会产生晃动,提高加工后的工件质量。In the above-mentioned multi-head tenon jointing machine for woodworking, a crossbeam is fixed on the workbench, and the crossbeam is located directly above the workbench, and a vertical cylinder is slidably connected to the crossbeam, and the piston rod of the vertical cylinder is fixed. A pressing block is connected, and the lower end surface of the pressing block is parallel to the upper surface of the workbench. The cooperation of the vertical cylinder and the pressing block realizes the pressing and positioning of the workpiece on the workbench for subsequent processing. This top-down pressing is more stable than the horizontal pressing, making Subsequent multi-functional processing will not produce shaking, which improves the quality of the processed workpiece.
作为优选,动力源一、动力源二、动力源三、动力源四、动力源五和动力源六均可以是电机和丝杆的组合,也可以是气缸或者液压缸。Preferably, the first power source, the second power source, the third power source, the fourth power source, the fifth power source and the sixth power source can be a combination of a motor and a screw, or can be a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.
本申请中,动力头一、动力头二、动力头三和动力头四均包括一个动力箱和加工主轴,所述加工主轴的前端为用于安装刀具的安装端,所述加工主轴的后端和动力箱相联接。动力箱一般就是普通的电机和变速器组合。In the present application, power head 1, power head 2, power head 3 and power head 4 all include a power box and a processing spindle, the front end of the processing spindle is an installation end for installing a tool, and the rear end of the processing spindle Connect with power box. The power box is generally a combination of an ordinary motor and a transmission.
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点如下:Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1、本多功能榫接机采用独立可以安装刀具的动力头一和动力头二,两者分别安装不同的刀具,就可以实现在一次加工中分别加工榫头和榫孔,相比现有的单个动力头,本多功能榫接机不需要在加工过程中换刀,实现了多种功能的加工方式,另外,安装其他刀具后还可以实现切割木料或者切角的功能,因此,也可以实现加工榫接结构以外的木工结构,提高多功能性。1. This multifunctional tenon jointing machine adopts the power head 1 and power head 2 which can independently install tools. The two are installed with different tools, so that the tenon and tenon holes can be processed separately in one process. Compared with the existing single Power head, this multi-functional tenon joint machine does not need to change tools during processing, and realizes a variety of functional processing methods. In addition, after installing other tools, it can also realize the function of cutting wood or cutting corners, so processing can also be realized Woodworking structures other than mortise-and-mortise structures increase versatility.
2、本多功能榫接机设计有动力头三和动力头四后,增加了两种刀具的安装,不同的四把刀具能够进一步丰富加工的多种多样,形成切角、修整、加工榫头及榫孔的完整的加工系统,实现包含榫接加工在内的功能多样的加工方式。2. This multi-functional tenon joint machine is designed with power head three and power head four, and the installation of two kinds of cutting tools is added. The four different cutting tools can further enrich the variety of processing, forming angle cutting, trimming, processing tenons and The complete processing system for mortise and hole realizes a variety of processing methods including mortise processing.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本榫接机正面视角的结构立体示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the mortise and tenon joint machine from a frontal perspective.
图2是本榫接机反面视角的结构立体示意图。Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the structure of the mortise and tenon joint machine from the reverse side.
图3本榫接机正面视角的省缺一根挡料块的结构立体示意图。Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the mortise and tenon joint machine without a stopper block from the front view.
图4本榫接机正面视角的省缺工作台的结构立体示意图。Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the default workbench from the front view of the tenon joint machine.
图5是本榫接机中的支座及其相关部件的局部结构正面视角立体示意图。Fig. 5 is a perspective view perspective view of a partial structure of the support and related components in the tenon joint machine.
图6是本榫接机中的支座及其相关部件的局部结构另一个正面视角的立体示意图。Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view from another front view of the local structure of the support and its related components in the tenon joint machine.
图7是图3中的A部放大图。Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 3 .
图8是拉料块的结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a pulling block.
图中,1工作台;2底座;3支座;4动力头一;5动力头二;6动力头三;7动力头四;8动力源一;9动力源二;10动力源三;11导轨一;12导轨二;13托板一;14托板二;15辅助导轨一;16托板三;17动力源四;18辅助导轨二;19托板四;20动力源五;21动力箱;22加工主轴;23导轨三;24主托板;25导轨四;26动力源六;27挡料块;28弧形槽;29拉料块;30导槽;31环形凸缘;32扩口部;33横梁;34竖直气缸;35压料块;36铰接点。In the figure, 1 workbench; 2 base; 3 support; 4 power head one; 5 power head two; 6 power head three; 7 power head four; 8 power source one; 9 power source two; 10 power source three; 11 1 guide rail 1; 12 guide rail 2; 13 pallet 1; 14 pallet 2; 15 auxiliary guide rail 1; 16 pallet 3; 17 power source 4; 18 auxiliary guide rail 2; 19 pallet 4; 20 power source 5; 21 power box ;22 machining spindle; 23 guide rail three; 24 main pallet; 25 guide rail four; 26 power source six; 33 beams; 34 vertical cylinders; 35 binder blocks; 36 hinge points.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
如图1-图5所示,本实施例的榫接机包括位于前部的工作台1和位于后部的底座2,底座2上设有竖直的支座3,支座3沿水平方向滑动连接在底座2上且两者之间设有用于驱动前者相对后者移动的动力源一8。底座2上固定有沿水平横向设置的导轨三23,导轨三23上滑动连接有主托板24,动力源一8和主托板24相连接且能驱动主托板24沿导轨三23移动,主托板24上固定有沿水平纵向设置的导轨四25,支座3的底部滑动连接在导轨四25上,主托板24和支座3之间设有用于驱动支座3沿导轨四25移动的动力源六26。导轨三23、导轨四25和主托板24实现支座3沿水平横向和纵向两个方向上的位置调整,实现水平双轴驱动,动力源一8和动力源六26实现自动驱动,提高自动化程度,可以实现数控加工,在加工过程中可以编制更加多样性和复杂的加工程序,实现包含榫接加工在内的功能多样的加工方式。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the mortise and tenon joint machine of this embodiment includes a workbench 1 at the front and a base 2 at the rear. The base 2 is provided with a vertical support 3, and the support 3 is along the horizontal direction. Slidingly connected on the base 2, a power source 8 for driving the former to move relative to the latter is provided between the two. The base 2 is fixed with a guide rail three 23 arranged horizontally and horizontally, the guide rail three 23 is slidably connected with a main supporting board 24, the power source one 8 is connected with the main supporting board 24 and can drive the main supporting board 24 to move along the guide rail three 23, The main supporting plate 24 is fixed with the guide rail 4 25 that is arranged vertically along the level, and the bottom of the support 3 is slidably connected on the guide rail 4 25. Between the main supporting plate 24 and the support 3, there is a guide rail 25 for driving the support 3 along the guide rail 4. Mobile power source VI 26 . The third guide rail 23, the fourth guide rail 25 and the main supporting plate 24 realize the position adjustment of the support 3 along the horizontal, horizontal and vertical directions, and realize the horizontal two-axis drive. The power source 1 8 and the power source 6 26 realize automatic driving and improve automation. To a certain extent, numerical control processing can be realized, and more diverse and complex processing programs can be compiled during the processing process, and various processing methods including tenon joint processing can be realized.
如图1-图7所示,工作台1上铰接有能沿水平方向相对于该工作台1摆动的挡料块27且两者形成一个铰接点36,挡料块27的下端面和工作台1的上端面相贴靠,挡料块27的侧部具有与工作台1上表面相垂直的定位面,工作台1的上表面还开设有弧形槽28,弧形槽28内滑动连接有一个拉料块29,工作台1上固定有横梁33,横梁33位于工作台1的正上方,横梁33上滑动连接有竖直气缸34,竖直气缸34的活塞杆固连有压料块35,压料块35的下端面与工作台1的上表面相平行。竖直气缸34和压料块35的配合实现将工件压紧定位在工作台1上,以便后续加工所用,这种自上而下的压紧相比水平方向的压紧而言,稳定性更好,使得后续多功能加工不会产生晃动,提高加工后的工件质量。挡料块27通过一根螺栓和拉料块29相固定。挡料块27的作用是当加工木料倾斜面的时候可以提供倾斜的靠山,挡料块27上的定位面用来和工件相抵靠实现靠山的作用,挡料块27可以绕铰接点36转动,位置调整后,挡料块27通过螺栓拧紧就固定在拉料块29上,实现挡料块27相对于工作台1的水平定位,拉料块29既可以有滑动导向功能,又实现对挡料块27的定位功能,使得加工木料更加多样性,可加工不同斜面的切角。弧形槽28的两侧壁具有沿水平方向向内凹进的导槽30,拉料块29的底部具有向外凸起的环形凸缘31,环形凸缘31至少局部卡接在导槽30内且前者能够相对于后者滑动,弧形槽28至少一个端部具有可供拉料块29取出的扩口部32。导槽30和环形凸缘31配合实现更精确的导向和拉料块29竖直方向定位的作用,扩口部32的面积一般要比拉料块29大,便于将拉料块29取出和安装进去。As shown in Figures 1-7, the workbench 1 is hinged with a material stopper 27 that can swing relative to the workbench 1 in the horizontal direction and the two form a hinge point 36, the lower end surface of the material stopper 27 and the workbench The upper end surface of 1 is close to each other, and the side part of the blocking block 27 has a positioning surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the workbench 1. The upper surface of the workbench 1 is also provided with an arc-shaped groove 28, and a sliding connection is provided in the arc-shaped groove 28. Pulling block 29, workbench 1 is fixed with crossbeam 33, and crossbeam 33 is positioned at the top of workbench 1, and crossbeam 33 is slidably connected with vertical cylinder 34, and the piston rod of vertical cylinder 34 is fixedly connected with binder block 35, The lower end surface of the binder block 35 is parallel to the upper surface of the workbench 1 . The cooperation of the vertical cylinder 34 and the pressing block 35 realizes the pressing and positioning of the workpiece on the workbench 1 for subsequent processing. This top-down pressing is more stable than horizontal pressing. Good, so that the subsequent multi-functional processing will not produce shaking, and the quality of the processed workpiece will be improved. The material blocking block 27 is fixed with the pulling material block 29 by a bolt. The effect of stop block 27 is to provide inclined backing when processing the inclined surface of timber. After the position is adjusted, the material stopper 27 is fixed on the puller block 29 by tightening the bolts to realize the horizontal positioning of the stopper block 27 relative to the workbench 1. The positioning function of block 27 makes processing wood more diverse, and can process the chamfering of different inclined planes. The two side walls of the arc-shaped groove 28 have guide grooves 30 recessed inward along the horizontal direction, and the bottom of the pulling block 29 has an outwardly protruding annular flange 31 , and the annular flange 31 is at least partially snapped into the guide groove 30 Inside and the former can slide relative to the latter, at least one end of the arc-shaped groove 28 has a flaring portion 32 that can be used for pulling the material block 29 out. The guide groove 30 and the annular flange 31 cooperate to realize more accurate guiding and vertical positioning of the pulling block 29. The area of the flaring part 32 is generally larger than that of the pulling block 29, which is convenient for taking out and installing the pulling block 29 go in.
如图4-图7所示,支座3上设有动力头一4和动力头二5,动力头一4和动力头二5沿竖直方向滑动连接在支座3上,支座3上设有用于驱动动力头一4及动力头二5相对于支座3移动的动力源二9,动力头一4和动力头二5两者的输出端朝向工作台1,动力头一4和动力头二5两者的输出轴的轴线相平行。支座3上设有动力头三6和动力头四7,动力头三6和动力头四7沿竖直方向滑动连接在支座3上,支座3上设有用于驱动动力头三6和动力头四7相对于支座3移动的动力源三10,动力头三6和动力头四7的输出端均朝向工作台1,动力头三6、动力头四7、动力头一4和动力头二5四者的输出轴的轴线相平行。支座3上固定有沿竖直方向设置的导轨一11和导轨二12,导轨一11上滑动连接有托板一13,导轨二12上滑动连接有托板二14,动力头一4和动力头二5连接在托板一13上,动力头三6和动力头四7连接在托板二14上,动力源二9和托板一13相连接,动力源三10和托板二14相连接。导轨一11和托板一13的配合实现动力头一4和动力头二5沿竖直方向精确的导向和调整,导轨二12和托板二14的配合实现动力头三6和动力头四7沿竖直方向精确的导向和调整,两组独立的位置调整可以实现同时的加工,提高加工的速度和加工的方式的多样性。托板一13和托板二14分别位于支座3的两侧,动力头一4能够位于动力头二5的正上方,动力头三6能够位于动力头四7的正上方。将托板一13和托板二14设计在支座3的两侧,便于两组动力头能够有充足的空间安放,防止相互位置太近产生干涉,后续每组两个动力头又沿竖直方向的排列能够进一步优化空间的局部,使得加工多样性的方案实施更加安全和稳定。托板一13上固定有沿水平方向设置的辅助导轨一15,辅助导轨一15上滑动连接有托板三16,动力头二5固定在托板三16上,托板一13和托板三16之间设有用于驱动托板三16沿辅助导轨一15移动的动力源四17,托板二14上固定有沿水平方向设置的辅助导轨二18,辅助导轨二18上滑动连接有托板四19,动力头四7固定在托板四19上,且托板二14和托板四19之间设有用于驱动托板四19沿辅助导轨二18移动的动力源五20。辅助导轨一15和托板三16使得动力头二5相对于动力头一4可以沿水平方向进行再次位置的调整,同理,辅助导轨二18和托板四19的配合使得动力头四7相对于动力头三6可以沿水平方向进行再次位置的调整,这种设计使得四个动力头均存在独立的位置调整机构,在加工过程中可以编制更加多样性和复杂的加工程序,实现包含榫接加工在内的功能多样的加工方式。As shown in Figures 4-7, the support 3 is provided with a power head 1 4 and a power head 2 5, and the power head 4 and the power head 2 5 are slidably connected to the support 3 in the vertical direction. There is a power source 2 9 for driving the power head 1 4 and the power head 2 5 to move relative to the support 3, the output ends of the power head 1 4 and the power head 2 5 are facing the workbench 1, and the power head 4 and the power The axes of the output shafts of the first two 5 are parallel. Bearing 3 is provided with power head three 6 and power head four 7, and power head three 6 and power head four 7 are slidably connected on the support 3 along the vertical direction, and support 3 is provided with for driving power head three 6 and The power source three 10 that the power head four 7 moves relative to the support 3, the output ends of the power head three 6 and the power head four 7 are all facing the workbench 1, the power head three 6, the power head four 7, the power head one 4 and the power head The axes of the output shafts of the first two and five four are parallel. The support 3 is fixed with guide rail one 11 and guide rail two 12 arranged along the vertical direction, the guide rail one 11 is slidably connected with the supporting plate one 13, the guide rail two 12 is slidably connected with the supporting plate two 14, the power head one 4 and the power Head 2 5 is connected to support plate 1 13, power head 3 6 and power head 4 7 are connected to support plate 2 14, power source 2 9 is connected to support plate 1 13, power source 3 10 is connected to support plate 2 14 connect. The cooperation of the guide rail 11 and the support plate 13 realizes the precise guidance and adjustment of the power head 1 4 and the power head 2 5 along the vertical direction, and the cooperation of the guide rail 2 12 and the support plate 14 realizes the power head 3 6 and the power head 4 7 Precise guiding and adjustment along the vertical direction, two sets of independent position adjustments can realize simultaneous processing, improve the processing speed and the diversity of processing methods. Supporting plate one 13 and supporting plate two 14 are positioned at the both sides of bearing 3 respectively, power head one 4 can be positioned at the top of power head two 5, power head three 6 can be positioned at power head four 7 right above. The supporting plate 13 and the supporting plate 2 14 are designed on both sides of the support 3, so that the two sets of power heads can have enough space to be placed, and prevent interference from being too close to each other. Then, each set of two power heads will be vertically The arrangement of directions can further optimize the local space, making the implementation of processing diversity safer and more stable. Supporting plate one 13 is fixed with auxiliary guide rail one 15 arranged along the horizontal direction, and supporting plate three 16 is slidably connected on the auxiliary guide rail one 15, power head two 5 is fixed on supporting plate three 16, supporting plate one 13 and supporting plate three Between 16, there is a power source 4 17 for driving the support plate 3 16 to move along the auxiliary guide rail 1 15, the support plate 2 14 is fixed with the auxiliary guide rail 2 18 arranged in the horizontal direction, and the auxiliary guide rail 2 18 is slidably connected with the support plate Four 19, the power head four 7 is fixed on the supporting plate four 19, and the power source five 20 for driving the supporting plate four 19 to move along the auxiliary guide rail two 18 is arranged between the supporting plate two 14 and the supporting plate four 19. Auxiliary guide rail one 15 and supporting plate three 16 enable power head two 5 to adjust its position again along the horizontal direction relative to power head one 4. Similarly, the cooperation of auxiliary guide rail two 18 and supporting plate four 19 makes power head four 7 relatively Because the power head 36 can adjust the position again along the horizontal direction, this design makes the four power heads all have independent position adjustment mechanisms, and more diverse and complex processing programs can be compiled during the processing process, including mortise joints. Various processing methods including processing.
如图1-图6所示,一般来说,动力头一4及动力头二5的输出端一般可以安装加工木工用的刀具,不同的刀具可以对木工的工件进行加工榫头或者榫孔。一般将工件放置在工作台1上固定,动力源一8驱动支座3相对于底座2移动以调整动力头一4及动力头二5的水平方向的位置,动力源二9驱动动力头一4及动力头二5的竖直方向的位置,从而共同实现动力头一4和动力头二5在水平方向和竖直方向双重的调整,由于动力头一4和动力头二5两者的输出端朝向工作台1使得调整位置后的动力头一4及动力头二5能够直接加工工作台1上的工件。本多功能榫接机采用独立可以安装刀具的动力头一4和动力头二5,两者分别安装不同的刀具,就可以实现在一次加工中分别加工榫头和榫孔,相比现有的单个动力头,本多功能榫接机不需要在加工过程中换刀,实现了多种功能的加工方式,另外,安装其他刀具后还可以实现切割木料或者切角的功能,因此,也可以实现加工榫接结构以外的木工结构,提高多功能性。设计有动力头三6和动力头四7后,增加了两种刀具的安装,不同的四把刀具能够进一步丰富加工的多种多样,利用动力源三10进行独立的沿竖直方向的位置调整,使得四把刀具至少形成两组分别移动的加工方式,一般来说,动力头一4安装加工榫头的刀具,动力头二5安装加工榫孔的刀具,动力头三6安装切割135°斜面的刀具,动力头四7安装用于修整135°斜面的刀具,以形成切角、修整、加工榫头及榫孔的完整的加工系统,实现包含榫接加工在内的功能多样的加工方式。As shown in Figures 1-6, generally speaking, the output ends of the first power head 4 and the second power head 5 can be equipped with cutting tools for processing woodworking, and different cutting tools can process tenon or tenon holes on woodworking workpieces. Generally, the workpiece is fixed on the workbench 1, the power source 1 drives the support 3 to move relative to the base 2 to adjust the horizontal position of the power head 1 4 and the power head 2 5, and the power source 2 9 drives the power head 1 4 and the vertical position of the power head two 5, thereby jointly realizing the double adjustment of the power head one 4 and the power head two 5 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, due to the output ends of the power head one 4 and the power head two 5 Facing the workbench 1, the first power head 4 and the second power head 5 after adjusting the positions can directly process the workpiece on the workbench 1. This multifunctional mortise joint machine adopts power head 1 4 and power head 2 5, which can be installed independently with tools. The two are installed with different tools, so that the tenon and tenon hole can be processed separately in one process. Compared with the existing single Power head, this multi-functional tenon joint machine does not need to change tools during processing, and realizes a variety of functional processing methods. In addition, after installing other tools, it can also realize the function of cutting wood or cutting corners, so processing can also be realized Woodworking structures other than mortise-and-mortise structures increase versatility. After the design of power head 3 6 and power head 4 7, the installation of two kinds of tools is added. The different four tools can further enrich the variety of processing, and use power source 3 10 to independently adjust the position along the vertical direction , so that the four tools form at least two groups of processing methods that move separately. Generally speaking, power head 1 is equipped with a tool for processing tenons, power head 2 5 is equipped with a tool for processing tenon holes, and power head 3 6 is installed for cutting 135° inclined planes. Tool, power head 47 is equipped with a tool for trimming a 135° inclined plane to form a complete processing system for chamfering, trimming, and processing tenon and tenon holes, and realizes a variety of processing methods including tenon joint processing.
作为优选,动力源一8、动力源二9、动力源三10、动力源四17、动力源五20和动力源六26均可以是电机和丝杆的组合,也可以是气缸或者液压缸。本申请中,动力头一4、动力头二5、动力头三6和动力头四7均包括一个动力箱21和加工主轴22,加工主轴22的前端为用于安装刀具的安装端,加工主轴22的后端和动力箱21相联接。动力箱21一般就是普通的电机和变速器组合。As preferably, power source one 8, power source two 9, power source three 10, power source four 17, power source five 20 and power source six 26 all can be the combination of motor and screw mandrel, also can be air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder. In the present application, power head one 4, power head two 5, power head three 6 and power head four 7 all include a power box 21 and a machining spindle 22, the front end of the machining spindle 22 is a mounting end for installing a tool, and the machining spindle The rear end of 22 is connected with power box 21. The power box 21 is generally the combination of a common motor and a speed changer.
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definition of the appended claims range.
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| CN201385332Y (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-01-20 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Guiding device |
| CN203496064U (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-03-26 | 台州市意利欧机械有限公司 | Woodworking joggling machine |
| CN105818231A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 苏州铨智动机械科技有限公司 | Triaxial tenon milling device of tenon machining center |
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| JPH06226707A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1994-08-16 | Synx Kk | Cutting covering device of tenoning machine |
| CN2936645Y (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2007-08-22 | 夏洪杰 | High speed wood material tenoning machine |
| CN203062898U (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-07-17 | 黄丽汶 | Numerical control double-end oblique tenon machine |
| CN204604487U (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-02 | 南通国全木工机械制造有限公司 | A kind of numerical control tenon mortising machine |
| CN104924375B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-01-25 | 邵武锦祥木业有限公司 | Double-end tenoning machine |
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| CN206066623U (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-04-05 | 台州市意利欧机械有限公司 | A kind of bull joggling machine of carpenter |
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| CN203496064U (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-03-26 | 台州市意利欧机械有限公司 | Woodworking joggling machine |
| CN105818231A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 苏州铨智动机械科技有限公司 | Triaxial tenon milling device of tenon machining center |
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