CN106212022A - A kind of method for planting rhizoma polygonati - Google Patents
A kind of method for planting rhizoma polygonati Download PDFInfo
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- CN106212022A CN106212022A CN201610687592.8A CN201610687592A CN106212022A CN 106212022 A CN106212022 A CN 106212022A CN 201610687592 A CN201610687592 A CN 201610687592A CN 106212022 A CN106212022 A CN 106212022A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati, belong to field of planting.A kind of implantation methods of the Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, including whole, breeding, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, gather and preliminary working and reserving seed for planting, described plantation and grass family up-and-down rod plants interplanting.The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention has raising plant resistance against diseases, increase the survival rate of seedling, standard operation code is provided to aspects such as the Rhizoma Polygonati methods of cultivation, Term Fertilization and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, improve mu ground annual production, provide high-quality, the feature in safe and stable medicine source for producing of Rhizoma Polygonati medicine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods, the implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati.
Background technology
Rhizoma Polygonati is the dry rhizome of liliaceous plant Rhizoma Polygonati, Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, different by Medicinal Materials Characters, practises and claims " Caput Gallus domesticus Huang
Essence ", " RHIZOMA POLYGONATI ZINGIBERIFORME ", Rhizoma Polygonati put down, sweet in the mouth, have spleen reinforcing lung moistening, effect of supplementing QI and nourishing YIN, have good medical value and warp
Ji is worth.Rhizoma Polygonati is wild in dark and damp mountain region bushes and woods limit thick grass, cold-resistant, and seedling can be at field wintering, but should not be
Arid Area grows, and in planting process, seed germinating time is longer, and germination percentage is only 60% ~ 70%, and the loss caused is relatively big, and
Seed longeivity is 2 years.Plantation Rhizoma Polygonati is peasant's industry restructuring, increases the effective way of income.But existing Rhizoma Polygonati
It is planted in the aspects such as the methods of cultivation, Term Fertilization, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and does not has the rule of operation of formation standard, every mu of ground annual production
It is difficult to increase, it is impossible to carry out a large amount of planting rhizoma polygonatis of low cost high yield, it is impossible to the production for Rhizoma Polygonati medicine provides high-quality, peace
Entirely, stable medicine source.
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that a kind of plant resistance against diseases that improves, increase
The survival rate of seedling, provides standard operation code to aspects such as the Rhizoma Polygonati methods of cultivation, Term Fertilization and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, improves
Mu ground annual production, provides high-quality, the method for planting rhizoma polygonati in safe and stable medicine source for producing of Rhizoma Polygonati medicine.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, including whole, breeding, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, gather and preliminary working and
Reserve seed for planting, described plantation and grass family up-and-down rod plants interplanting.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, by with grass family up-and-down rod plants interplanting, it is possible to meet Rhizoma Polygonati to giving shade
Requirement, the growth for Rhizoma Polygonati creates suitable condition, and when Rhizoma Polygonati and other tall plants are interplanted, although disclosure satisfy that
The Rhizoma Polygonati requirement to giving shade, but the requirement of soil environment is required to run counter to by its growth with the growth of Rhizoma Polygonati, meanwhile, tall plants
Root system the most flourishing, it is impossible to meet Rhizoma Polygonati growth irrigation and drainage requirement.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described comprises the following steps wholely, selects moistening plot, water conservation energy
Loam that power is good and/or sandy loam, chesson, prior to seeding first soil deeptillage 1 time, every mu execute wholely farm manure 2000 ~
2500kg, ploughs under as base manure in soil, then the thin leveling of rake, and bedding, furrow are wide 1.2 meters.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, soil environment is carried out certain improvement so that it is more adapt to the kind of Rhizoma Polygonati
Plant demand.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described breeding includes that root stock is bred and/or seminal propagation, described
Shape stem breeding comprises the following steps, and selects 1 ~ 2 year late fall or late March in early spring and gives birth to plant rhizome healthy and strong, without pest and disease damage, chooses
The tip tender part of children, is cut into several sections, and every section has 3 ~ 4 to save, and after scraper vertical cut, is stained with fire ash sterilization, and wound dries a little, by line-spacing
22 ~ 24 centimetres, spacing in the rows 10 ~ 16 centimetres, deep 5 centimetres of plantations, suppress a little after earthing and water, watering 1 later every 3 ~ 5 days
Secondary, make Soil conservation moisten.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, bred by root stock, it is possible to make up seed germinating time longer, germination percentage
Low shortcoming, improves the efficiency of plantation, reduces cost loss；After vertical cut, ill probability can be reduced by fire ash sterilization,
Improve the defensive ability/resistance ability to melasma；Being bred by said method, germination percentage is 83.0%.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described seminal propagation comprises the following steps, when autumn end plants, upper
Freeze the some barnyard manures of bonnet and grass；Described seminal propagation comprises the following steps, choose after seed maturity August the seed of mature and plump by
After mixing homogeneously with sand 3 parts according to mass ratio 1:3, being stored in 30 centimetres of deep holes of shady spot, the moistening water capacity of holding is
37%, sift out seed at Second Year late March, by 12 ~ 15 centimetres of uniform broadcastings of line-spacing to the shallow ridges in furrow face, blinding 1.5 lis
Rice, slightly waters to water capacity 52% after pressure, and covers one layer of grass, removes lid grass before emerging, and during height of seedling 6 ~ 9 centimetres, overstocked place fits
Work as thinning, transplant after 1 year.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described seed is after sifting out, through Seeds preprocess before sowing, described
Seeds preprocess comprises the following steps, and is 1.3ppb, NH adding NO concentration3Concentration is 0.7ppb, H2S concentration is 0.4ppb's
In environment, being 6378nm through He-Ne laser at wavelength, irradiation distance is 10cm, and laser power density is 41.9mW/mm2, spoke
Penetrate 68s.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, after seed is carried out laser irradiation, exposure time is the longest, the sprouting of seed
The soluble protein produced in journey and soluble sugar improve, and the activity of α-amylase and beta amylase is all improved simultaneously, but
After being overlong time, the aging of plant, the lost of life can be accelerated；Therefore, select exposure time be 68s be the most suitable, plant
Growth is very fast, and compared with blank test, the reserve protein through irradiation improves 23.6% to soluble protein conversion ratio,
Content reaches 20.7mg/g, and the content amplification of soluble sugar reaches 13.8%；If environment does not exist NH3, NO and H2During S, seed
Germination rate has declined, but the germination rate that too high levels also results in seed declines, and the germination percentage of seed is that 89.6%(improves
27.2%), the survival rate of seedling is that 97.2%(improves 8.3%)；Meanwhile, through the seed of irradiation, its strain has certain disease-resistant
Ability, has preferable defensive ability/resistance ability to leaf spot.
A kind of implantation methods of the Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described field management comprises the following steps, interplanting corn on the furrow ridge,
Weeding in growth early stage is carried out according to the frequency of 4 times/year, wherein, in 4,6,9, November respectively carry out 1 time, shallow hoe suitably
Ridging, uses the mode of uprooting weed to carry out weeding at later stages；Topdress during middle weeding, 3 times intertillage after in
Ditching-fertilizing in the ranks, executes rear earthing lid fertile；Growth course keeps in the range of water capacity 29 ~ 37%.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, with interplanting corn, the growing environment that the roomy blade of Semen Maydis is Rhizoma Polygonati provides foot
Enough demands of giving shade, and bar is upright, gives the growing space enough with Rhizoma Polygonati, its root hair to the growth of Rhizoma Polygonati substantially without bad shadow
Ringing, through measuring, Rhizoma Polygonati stem is upright, mean height 93 centimetres；Impeller is raw, often takes turns 4 ~ 6 pieces, wire lanceolar, long average 19 centimetres, wide
Average 1.4 centimetres, tip crimps；Flower axil is raw, and average 7 little Hua, sagging, total bennet averagely grows 3 centimetres；Perianth tubular, white
To faint yellow, long 0.9 ~ 1.2 centimetre, tip 6 is shallow to be split, 6 pieces of stamen, and filigree is shorter, long 0.5 ~ 1 millimeter, a length of ovary of style
1.5 ~ 2 times, berry is spherical, black time ripe.5 ~ June of florescence, really phase 7 ~ JIUYUE, growing state is better than prior art.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes melasma preventing and treating and grub control, institute
State melasma preventing and treating to comprise the following steps, spray the Bordeaux mixture of 1:1:100 in ill early stage, every 7 days 1 time, continuous 3 times；Institute
State grub control to comprise the following steps, dress seed by seed quality 0.1% with 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate before sowing seeds；And/or in field
Emergence period, with the 1000 times of liquid pourings of 90% metrifonate.
A kind of implantation methods of the Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described in gather and preliminary working comprises the following steps, with spring/autumn pair
The overground part plant that withers is gathered, and takes rhizome, removes aerial parts and root hair, washes away earth, and in putting food steamer, steaming is to presenting
During glossy shape, take out dry/dry/boil, dry/dry to water content 6 ~ 9%.
A kind of implantation methods of the Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described in reserve seed for planting and comprise the following steps, when late fall/early spring, choose strong
Strong, anosis plant takes underground rhizome and repeats root stock reproductive process.
A kind of implantation methods of the Rhizoma Polygonati of the present invention, described in topdress the fertilizer used by 58 parts of carbamide of mass parts, 25 parts of phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium, 40 parts of attapulgite clay, 7 parts of Boraxs, 5 parts of manganese sulfates, 21 parts of imine oxalic acid base chelated zinc, 11 parts of imine oxalic acid base chelas
Conjunction selenium forms.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, above-mentioned fertilizer formula is more suitable for the plantation of Rhizoma Polygonati, improves the rhizome of Rhizoma Polygonati
Yield, thus improve root yield, the yield of its old rhizome is 5017.12kg/hm2(raising 24.7% compared with blank),
The yield of new rhizome is 2119.05kg/hm2(raising 89.4% compared with blank), the yield of total rhizome is 7136.17kg/
hm2, it is 29.7% that new rhizome accounts for the ratio of total output；Meanwhile, in Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome, polygonatum polysaccharide, total saponin content also improve, old root
Polygonatum polysaccharide content in stem is 19.44%(raising 23.7% compared with blank), the polygonatum polysaccharide content in new rhizome is
20.92%(is raising 40.1% compared with blank)；Total saponin content in old rhizome is that 14.07%(carries compared with blank
High by 10.3%), the total saponin content in new rhizome is 10.16%(raising 19.0% compared with blank).
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, improve plant resistance against diseases, increase the survival rate of seedling, to the Rhizoma Polygonati methods of cultivation, Term Fertilization and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control etc.
Aspect provides standard operation code, improves mu ground annual production, and the production for Rhizoma Polygonati medicine provides high-quality, safe and stable medicine source.
2, reserve protein improves 23.6% to soluble protein conversion ratio, and content reaches 20.7mg/g, containing of soluble sugar
Amount amplification reaches 13.8%；If environment does not exist NH3, NO and H2During S, the germination rate of seed has declined, but too high levels is same
The germination rate that can cause seed declines, and the germination percentage of seed is 89.6%, and the survival rate of seedling is 97.2%.
3, the yield of old rhizome is 5017.12kg/hm2, the yield of new rhizome is 2119.05kg/hm2, the yield of total rhizome
For 7136.17kg/hm2, it is 29.7% that new rhizome accounts for the ratio of total output；In Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome, polygonatum polysaccharide, total saponin content also carry
Height, the polygonatum polysaccharide content in old rhizome is 19.44%, and the polygonatum polysaccharide content in new rhizome is 20.92%；Total in old rhizome
Saponin content is 14.07%, and the total saponin content in new rhizome is 10.16%.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail below.
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, following example, the present invention is carried out
Further describe.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to limit
The present invention.
Embodiment 1
Comprise the following steps wholely, select moistening plot, loam that water holding capacity is good and/or sandy loam, chesson, broadcasting
Before kind, first soil deeptillage 1 time, executes farm manure 2000 ~ 2500kg for every mu wholely, ploughs under as base manure in soil, then the thin leveling of rake,
Bedding, furrow are wide 1.2 meters.
Breeding includes that root stock breeding and/or seminal propagation, root stock breeding comprised the following steps, late fall or early spring 3
Selecting 1 ~ 2 year the last ten-days period moon and give birth to plant rhizome healthy and strong, without pest and disease damage, choose the tip tender part of children, be cut into several sections, every section has 3 ~ 4 to save,
After scraper vertical cut, being stained with fire ash sterilization, wound dries a little, by line-spacing 22 ~ 24 centimetres, spacing in the rows 10 ~ 16 centimetres, deep 5 centimetres of cultivations
Kind, suppress a little after earthing and water, watering 1 time every 3 ~ 5 days later, making Soil conservation moisten.
Seminal propagation comprises the following steps, when autumn end plants, at the some barnyard manures of the bonnet that freezes and grass；Described seminal propagation
Comprise the following steps, choose August after the seed of mature and plump mixs homogeneously with sand 3 parts according to mass ratio 1:3 after seed maturity,
Being stored in 30 centimetres of deep holes of shady spot, keeping moistening water capacity is 37%, sifts out seed at Second Year late March, by row
In 12 ~ 15 centimetres of uniform broadcastings to the shallow ridges in furrow face, blinding 1.5 centimetres, slightly waters to water capacity 52% after pressure, and covers
One layer of grass, removes lid grass, during height of seedling 6 ~ 9 centimetres, the suitable thinning in overstocked place, transplants after 1 year before emerging.
Seed is after sifting out, and through Seeds preprocess before sowing, described Seeds preprocess comprises the following steps, and is adding NO
Concentration is 1.3ppb, NH3Concentration is 0.7ppb, H2S concentration is in the environment of 0.4ppb, through He-Ne laser at wavelength is
6378nm, irradiation distance is 10cm, and laser power density is 41.9mW/mm2, radiate 68s.
Field management comprises the following steps, interplanting corn on the furrow ridge, carries out according to the frequency of 4 times/year in growth early stage
Middle weeding, wherein, in 4,6,9, November respectively carry out 1 time, shallow hoe is also suitably earthed up, and uses the mode of uprooting weed to enter at later stages
Row weeding；Topdress during middle weeding, 3 times in ditching-fertilizing in the ranks after intertillage, execute rear earthing lid fertile；Grew
Journey keeps in the range of water capacity 29 ~ 37%.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes that melasma preventing and treating and grub control, the preventing and treating of described melasma comprise the following steps, ill
Early stage sprays the Bordeaux mixture of 1:1:100, every 7 days 1 time, continuous 3 times；Described grub control comprises the following steps, before sowing seeds
Dress seed by seed quality 0.1% with 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate；And/or in the field emergence period, with the 1000 times of liquid pourings of 90% metrifonate.
Gather and preliminary working comprises the following steps, gather with the plant that spring/autumn overground part withered, take root
Stem, removes aerial parts and root hair, washes away earth, puts in food steamer steaming to when presenting glossy shape, take out dry/dry/boil, shine
Dry/to dry to water content 6 ~ 9%.
Reserve seed for planting and comprise the following steps, when late fall/early spring, choose stalwartness, anosis plant take underground rhizome repeat root
Shape stem breeding process.
Topdress the fertilizer used by 58 parts of carbamide of mass parts, 25 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 40 parts of attapulgite clay, 7 parts of Boraxs, 5 parts of sulfur
Acid manganese, 21 parts of imine oxalic acid base chelated zinc, 11 parts of imine oxalic acid base chelated selenium compositions.
Embodiment 2
Imine oxalic acid base chelated zinc is prepared by the following method, and takes the zinc sulfate of certain mass, is dissolved in DMF, according to sulfur
Acid zinc mol ratio 1:3:1.5 adds acid binding agent triethylamine, sodium chloroacetate in solution, and in 60 ~ 80 DEG C of reacting by heating, reaction terminates
Rear sucking filtration, uses acetone extraction 4h, and 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is washed to neutrality after soaking 4h.By product 80 DEG C of vacuum drying
To constant weight, obtain imine oxalic acid base chelated zinc.
Imine oxalic acid base chelated selenium is prepared by the following method, and takes the sodium selenite of certain mass, is dissolved in DMF, presses
Adding acid binding agent triethylamine in solution according to zinc sulfate mol ratio 1:3:1.5, sodium chloroacetate, in 60 ~ 80 DEG C of reacting by heating, instead
Sucking filtration after should terminating, uses acetone extraction 4h, and 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is washed to neutrality after soaking 4h.Product is true at 80 DEG C
Sky is dried to constant weight, obtains imine oxalic acid base chelated zinc.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the implantation methods of a Rhizoma Polygonati, it is characterised in that: include wholely, breeding, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, gather and
Preliminary working and reserving seed for planting, described plantation and grass family up-and-down rod plants interplanting.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described comprise the following steps, choosing wholely
Select moistening plot, loam that water holding capacity is good and/or sandy loam, chesson, prior to seeding first soil deeptillage 1 time, every mu
Executing farm manure 2000 ~ 2500kg wholely, plough under as base manure in soil, then the thin leveling of rake, bedding, furrow are wide 1.2 meters.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati the most as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described breeding includes that root stock is numerous
Growing and/or seminal propagation, the breeding of described root stock comprises the following steps, in late fall or late March in early spring select 1 ~ 2 year raw healthy and strong,
Without the plant rhizome of pest and disease damage, choosing the tip tender part of children, be cut into several sections, every section has 3 ~ 4 to save, and after scraper vertical cut, is stained with fire ash
Sterilization, wound dries a little, by line-spacing 22 ~ 24 centimetres, spacing in the rows 10 ~ 16 centimetres, deep 5 centimetres of plantations, suppresses a little also after earthing
Water, watered 1 time every 3 ~ 5 days later, make Soil conservation moisten.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described seminal propagation includes following step
Suddenly, when autumn end plants, at the some barnyard manures of the bonnet that freezes and grass；Described seminal propagation comprises the following steps, after August seed maturity
Choose after the seed of mature and plump mixs homogeneously with sand 3 parts according to mass ratio 1:3, be stored in 30 centimetres of deep holes of shady spot,
Keeping moistening water capacity is 37%, sifts out seed at Second Year late March, by 12 ~ 15 centimetres of uniform broadcastings of line-spacing to furrow face
Shallow ridges in, blinding 1.5 centimetres, slightly water to water capacity 52% after pressure, and cover one layer of grass, before emerging, remove lid grass, height of seedling
When 6 ~ 9 centimetres, the suitable thinning in overstocked place, transplant after 1 year.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described seed is after sifting out, before sowing
Through Seeds preprocess, described Seeds preprocess comprises the following steps, and is 1.3ppb, NH adding NO concentration3Concentration is
0.7ppb, H2S concentration is in the environment of 0.4ppb, is 6378nm through He-Ne laser at wavelength, and irradiation distance is 10cm, swashs
Optical power density is 41.9mW/mm2, radiate 68s.
6. the implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: described field management includes following
Step, interplanting corn on the furrow ridge, weeding in growth early stage is carried out according to the frequency of 4 times/year, wherein, in 4,6,9,11
The moon is respectively carried out 1 time, and shallow hoe is also suitably earthed up, and uses the mode of uprooting weed to carry out weeding at later stages；During middle weeding
Topdress, 3 times in ditching-fertilizing in the ranks after intertillage, execute rear earthing lid fertile；Growth course keeps water capacity 29 ~
In the range of 37%.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati the most as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes melasma
Preventing and treating and grub control, the preventing and treating of described melasma comprises the following steps, and sprays the Bordeaux mixture of 1:1:100 in ill early stage, and every 7
It 1 time, continuous 3 times；Described grub control comprises the following steps, with 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate by seed quality 0.1% before sowing seeds
Seed dressing；And/or in the field emergence period, with the 1000 times of liquid pourings of 90% metrifonate.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati the most as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that gather described in: and preliminary working includes following
Step, gathers with the plant that withers overground part spring/autumn, takes rhizome, goes out aerial parts and root hair, washes away mud
Soil, puts in food steamer steaming to when presenting glossy shape, take out dry/dry/boil, dry/dry to water content 6 ~ 9%.
The implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati the most as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that reserve seed for planting described in: and comprise the following steps, in
During late fall/early spring, choose stalwartness, anosis plant takes underground rhizome and repeats root stock reproductive process.
10. the implantation methods of a kind of Rhizoma Polygonati as described in claim 7 or 8 or 9, it is characterised in that topdress described in: the fertilizer used
Material is by 58 parts of carbamide of mass parts, 25 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 40 parts of attapulgite clay, 7 parts of Boraxs, 5 parts of manganese sulfates, 21 parts of imine oxalic acid bases
Chelated zinc, 11 parts of imine oxalic acid base chelated selenium compositions.
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| CN107114176A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-09-01 | 陆川县巨丰种植园 | A kind of grafting seedlings-growing method of lichee |
| CN107182520A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-22 | 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of sealwort and the interplanting method of sorghum |
| CN108617452A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-09 | 遵义播乐三彩农业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of polygonatum sibiricum Redoute implantation methods |
| CN108901724A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-11-30 | 贵州京源生态农业发展有限公司 | One kind is for cultivating rhizoma polygonati method |
| CN109006215A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-18 | 安徽千草源生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of rhizoma polygonati |
| CN109452055A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | 安徽省旌德博仕达农业科技有限公司 | Grub prevention and method for killing in a kind of rhizoma polygonati cultivation |
| CN112243822A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-22 | 江西南麓农林发展有限责任公司 | Novel sealwort planting method |
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