CN106202803A - Friction welding technological heating power stream microstructure multiple physical field numerical computation method - Google Patents
Friction welding technological heating power stream microstructure multiple physical field numerical computation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106202803A CN106202803A CN201610586477.1A CN201610586477A CN106202803A CN 106202803 A CN106202803 A CN 106202803A CN 201610586477 A CN201610586477 A CN 201610586477A CN 106202803 A CN106202803 A CN 106202803A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- calculation
- flow
- friction welding
- strain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/36—Circuit design at the analogue level
- G06F30/367—Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/04—Manufacturing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/18—Manufacturability analysis or optimisation for manufacturability
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- Primary Health Care (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses friction welding technological heating power stream microstructure multiple physical field numerical computation method, comprise the following steps: step one, set up hot-fluid couple numerical approach, utilize the euler algorithm considering temperature to carry out temperature and flow field couples calculating completely, obtain the temperature of workpiece welding process any time and flow field size and distribution；Step 2, utilize Leblond phase transition model and algorithm to carry out microstructure to change and calculate, obtain phase-change organization's distribution；Step 3, temperature based on obtaining, flow field and phase-change organization's distribution, set up heating power tissue couple numerical approach, calculating welding process workpiece plastic region and ess-strain.The present invention can obtain simulating result of calculation when friction welding technological is simulated efficiently and accurately, and can promote the goodness of fit with actual friction welding technological.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a friction welding process simulation technology, in particular to a multi-physical-field numerical calculation method for a thermodynamic flow microstructure in a friction welding process.
Background
Friction welding is a process mode that the surface of a workpiece is melted by heat generated by mutual movement and friction between a stirring head and the surface of the workpiece to enable the surface of the workpiece to reach a thermoplastic state, and then the stirring head is rapidly upset to enable two plates to be welded together.
Computer simulations of friction welding processes are mainly focused on four aspects: simulating a temperature field, and researching the temperature and the heat transfer process of a workpiece in the welding process; simulating a flow, and researching the flowing condition of a plastic area near a welding seam of a workpiece in the welding process; simulating stress and strain, researching the integral stress and strain distribution of the workpiece in the welding process or researching the stress and service life analysis of the stirring head; and (5) simulating the structure performance, and researching the microstructure transformation process of the workpiece in the welding process.
The computer simulation of the friction welding process can only carry out numerical simulation calculation aiming at one or two aspects of the friction welding process independently at present, a calculation algorithm of a general finite element is used, a lot of simplification and hypothesis are needed in the calculation process, the actual physical phenomena of the actual friction welding process and the friction welding process cannot be completely and truly reflected, a complete friction welding physical and mathematical coupling model cannot be established, the corresponding calculation efficiency and precision are low, and the problems of high operation difficulty, unstable operation and the like caused by secondary development exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low efficiency and precision and low goodness of fit with the actual friction welding process existing in the conventional friction welding process simulation, and provides a multi-physical-field numerical calculation method for a thermal current microstructure of the friction welding process, which can efficiently and accurately obtain a simulation calculation result when being used for the friction welding process simulation and can improve the goodness of fit with the actual friction welding process.
The invention mainly solves the problems by the following technical scheme: the friction welding process thermal current microstructure multi-physical field numerical calculation method comprises the following steps:
establishing a heat-flow coupling numerical model, and performing complete coupling calculation of temperature and a flow field by using an Euler algorithm considering temperature to obtain the size and distribution of the temperature and the flow field at any moment in the workpiece welding process;
performing microstructure transformation calculation by utilizing a Leblond phase change model and an algorithm to obtain phase change structure distribution;
and step three, establishing a thermal-force-structure coupling numerical model based on the obtained temperature, flow field and phase change structure distribution, and calculating the plastic area and stress strain of the workpiece in the welding process. The Leblond phase change model is a continuous cooling and continuous heating phase change kinetic model applicable to both diffusion type phase change and martensite phase change, and can be applied to calculation of two-phase or multi-phase change. It can link the thermal cycling experienced by the HAZ to the phase change process that occurs and can therefore be used in the calculation of the phase change of the HAZ.
Further, the temperature acquisition in the first step includes calculation of heat conduction inside the workpiece and calculation of heat exchange between the workpiece and the outside, wherein the heat conduction is calculated according to a fourier heat transfer law, and a formula of the fourier heat transfer law is as follows:
wherein k (x, y, z) is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material, A is the heat transfer area, T is the temperature, and x is the coordinate on the heat transfer surface;
the heat exchange between the workpiece and the outside is calculated by using an Euler equation, wherein the formula of the Euler equation is as follows:
；
where ρ is the density of the material, C is the specific heat of the material, Q is the total heat inside the material, V andis an operator.
Further, when the size and distribution of the flow field are obtained in the first step, whether the flow field belongs to turbulent flow is judged through a Rayleigh coefficient, and then calculation is performed based on an N-S equation and an Euler equation, wherein the N-S equation is as follows:
where Δ is the laplacian, μ is the dynamic viscosity coefficient, F is the loading force, p is the pressure, v is the velocity component, and t is the time. Wherein the N-S equation is a Navier-Stocks equation.
Furthermore, a friction welding numerical simulation grid is prepared by adopting a Lagrange-Euler grid according to an actual model in the calculation process of the first step to the third step, wherein the Lagrange grid is adopted in a welding seam area, and the Euler grid is adopted in a non-welding area; in the first step, the temperature is calculated for each grid node, and then the temperature is used as one of boundary conditions for fluid calculation of the node, so that the temperature and flow field results are stored in each grid node. In conventional welding simulation, an euler grid or a lagrange grid is generally adopted. The Euler grid can conveniently define the initial state of the computational grid, describe the change of fluid particles, but is difficult to track the fluid particles, namely accurately define the shape and the position of the liquid; the Lagrange mesh can easily track the motion of fluid particles to describe the shape of the liquid, but if the motion of the fluid particles is severe, the distortion of the calculation mesh and the singularity of the mesh can be caused, and the non-convergence is caused. In the calculation process of the invention, the Lagrange-Euler coupling grid is adopted for the first time, namely, the advantages of the Euler and Lagrange grids are fully utilized, the movement mode of grid nodes is free and flexible, the grid nodes can move along with fluid particles, can also be fixed and unchanged, and can even be fixed in one direction and move along with the fluid in other directions to change, so the grid is particularly suitable for the friction welding simulation process of the large-deformation large-displacement nonlinear process. The temperature and flow field results are stored in each grid node, and complete coupling of the temperature process can be realized by sequentially carrying out calculation iteration.
Further, the microstructure transformation calculation in the second step is calculated according to a Leblond Model and a K-M Model, wherein the Leblond Model equation is as follows:
wherein, T is the temperature,in order to balance the phase ratios at the moment,the single phase proportion in the phase change process,for the delay time of the phase transition at the temperature T,for the number of temperature T phases, various parameters in a Leblond Model equation are obtained through a CCT curve of a material;
the K-M equation is:
wherein, T is the temperature,is the proportion of martensite at the temperature T,the ratio of austenite at temperature T, k the test parameter, and Ms the martensite start temperature.
Further, the calculation formula of the viscous force of the welding seam fluid in the stress-strain calculation process in the third step is as follows:
wherein,is the dynamic viscosity coefficient or friction coefficient and u is the component of velocity in the z direction.
Further, the calculation model of the stress-strain between the stirring head and the workpiece in the thermal-flow complete coupling numerical model and the thermal-force-tissue coupling numerical model is as follows:
wherein,in order to be a viscous dissipation,as the density of the heat flow,it is the temperature that is set for the purpose,is the density of the material, C is the specific heat of the material,is the velocity component.
Further, strain during said friction weldingThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein,in order to be elastically strained,in order to be subjected to a plastic strain,is the strain of the creep, and is,in order to change the number of the channels correspondingly,in order to change the volume strain from the phase,plastic strain which is a phase transformation process;
the equation for the corresponding strain is:
wherein, T is a temperature,is the initial temperature of the molten steel, and,is the coefficient of expansion of the material,is referred to as the single phase strain at a given temperature,is the volume fraction of the phase;
plastic strain of phase transformation processThe equation is:
in the formula,is the tensor of the stress(s),is the change in volume due to phase transformation, s is the yield stress,is the percentage of the phase that has been converted,is the phase transition increment.
Further, the yield criterion of the material in the calculation process of the first step to the third step comprises a tesla criterion and a mester criterion, and the formula of the tesla criterion is as follows:
whereinis the yield shear at pure shear,andrespectively the principal stress;
the formula for the Misses criterion is:whereinis the yield shear at pure shear,、andthe stress is the main stress in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively. The invention simultaneously applies the two criteria to realize complementation, so that the invention is more matched with the actual engineering when applied.
Further, when the thermal-flow complete coupling numerical model and the thermal-force-tissue coupling numerical model are established, a Johndon-Cook model is adopted to describe the friction welding material, and the expression of the Johndon-Cook model is as follows:
wherein A is the yield strength of the material, B is the tensile strength of the material, n is the hardening index of the material, C is the strain rate sensitivity index, m is the temperature softening index of the material,is the equivalent plastic strain of the alloy,is referred to as the strain rate of the sample,is the melting point of the material and is,is the reference temperature and T is the current temperature of the material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention establishes a complete physical coupling model of friction welding, and can simultaneously calculate the friction welding temperature, fluid, microstructure and stress strain when being applied, thereby realizing the direct coupling numerical simulation calculation of multiple physical fields of the friction welding process. In conclusion, when the method is used for friction welding process simulation, a simulation calculation result can be efficiently and accurately obtained, and the goodness of fit with an actual friction welding process can be improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the method for calculating the multi-physical-field numerical value of the thermal flow microstructure in the friction welding process comprises the following steps in sequence: step 1, establishing a thermal-flow coupling numerical model; step 2, carrying out complete coupling calculation of temperature and flow field to obtain the temperature and the size and distribution of the flow field at any moment in the workpiece welding process; step 3, carrying out microstructure transformation calculation to obtain phase transformation tissue distribution; step 4, establishing a thermal-force-tissue coupling numerical model; and 5, calculating the plastic area and the stress strain of the workpiece in the welding process.
In the present embodiment, a Johndon-Cook model is used to describe the friction welding material when establishing the thermal-flow complete coupling numerical model and the thermal-force-tissue coupling numerical model, and the expression of the Johndon-Cook model is as follows:
wherein A is the yield strength of the material, B is the tensile strength of the material, n is the hardening index of the material, C is the strain rate sensitivity index, m is the temperature softening index of the material,is the equivalent plastic strain of the alloy,is referred to as the strain rate of the sample,is the melting point of the material and is,is the reference temperature and T is the current temperature of the material.
In the friction welding process of the embodiment, the friction heating power of the stirring head and the workpiece is as follows:
wherein n is the rotation speed, P is the pressure of the stirring head, R is the radius of the stirring head,is the coefficient of friction, M is the torque,is the angular velocity.
In this embodiment, the calculation of the complete coupling between the temperature and the flow field in step 2 includes two contents, namely heat calculation in heat conduction and fluid calculation, where the heat calculation in heat conduction includes calculation of heat conduction inside the workpiece and calculation of heat exchange between the workpiece and the outside, the heat conduction is calculated according to the fourier heat transfer law, and the formula of the fourier heat transfer law is as follows:(ii) a Where k (x, y, z) is the thermal conductivity of the material, A is the heat transfer area, T is the temperature, and x is the coordinate on the heat transfer surface.
In this embodiment, the heat exchange between the workpiece and the outside is calculated by using an euler equation, which has the formula:(ii) a Where ρ is the density of the material, C is the specific heat of the material, Q is the total heat inside the material, V andis an operator.
In this embodiment, the calculation of the fluid first determines whether the fluid belongs to turbulent flow by a raleigh coefficient, and then performs calculation based on an N-S equation and an euler equation, where the N-S equation is:wherein △ is Laplace operator, μ is dynamic viscosity coefficient, F is load force, p is pressure, v is velocity component, and t is time.
In the application of the embodiment, a Lagrange-Euler grid is adopted to prepare the friction welding numerical simulation grid according to an actual model, wherein the Lagrange grid is adopted in a welding seam area, the Euler grid is adopted in a non-welding area, and transition grids are adopted at the joint of the two grids for matching. The complete coupling calculation of the temperature and the flow field is realized by selecting a proper grid (Lagrange-Euler coupling grid), calculating the temperature of each grid node, then taking the temperature as one of boundary conditions for fluid calculation of the node, calculating by using an N-S equation, and storing the temperature and the flow field result on each grid node, thus sequentially calculating and iterating to realize complete coupling of the temperature process. In the embodiment, the calculation of the flow field is considered while the temperature calculation accuracy is ensured by utilizing the heat-flow grid formed by the Euler-Lagrange grid, the organization-mechanics grid can be the Euler-Lagrange grid or the common grid, and the convergence of the organization stress coupling calculation process is mainly considered.
In this embodiment, the microstructure transformation calculation in step 3 belongs to the calculation category of material metallurgy, and in the specific implementation of step 3 in this embodiment, the heat in step 2 is calculated according to a lebond Model (JMA) and a K-M Model, and the lebond Model equation is:
wherein, T is the temperature,in order to balance the phase ratios at the moment,the single phase proportion in the phase change process,for the delay time of the phase transition at the temperature T,for the number of temperature T phases, various parameters in a Leblond Model equation are obtained through a CCT curve of a material;
the K-M equation is:
wherein, T is the temperature,is the proportion of martensite at the temperature T,the ratio of austenite at temperature T, k the test parameter, and Ms the martensite start temperature.
In the calculation of the stress strain in this embodiment, the influence of the flow field on the stress strain needs to be considered, and a welding plastic region is obtained under the condition that the flow of liquid in the welding process is calculated by using an N-S equation, and the stress and the strain can cause the nonlinear behavior of the material, thereby influencing the material structure transformation. The calculation formula of the viscous force of the welding seam fluid in the stress-strain calculation process is as follows:(ii) a Wherein,is the dynamic viscosity coefficient or friction coefficient and u is the component of velocity in the z direction.
In this embodiment, the calculation model of the stress-strain between the stirring head and the workpiece in the thermal-flow complete coupling numerical model and the thermal-force-tissue coupling numerical model is:
wherein,in order to be a viscous dissipation,as the density of the heat flow,it is the temperature that is set for the purpose,is the density of the material, C is the specific heat of the material,is the velocity component.
Strain during friction weldingThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein,in order to be elastically strained,in order to be subjected to a plastic strain,is the strain of the creep, and is,in order to change the number of the channels correspondingly,in order to change the volume strain from the phase,plastic strain which is a phase transformation process;
the equation for the corresponding strain is:
wherein, T is a temperature,is the initial temperature of the molten steel, and,is the coefficient of expansion of the material,is referred to as the single phase strain at a given temperature,is the volume fraction of the phase.
Plastic strain of phase transformation processThe equation is:
in the formula,is the tensor of the stress(s),is the change in volume due to phase transformation, s is the yield stress,is the percentage of the phase that has been converted,is the phase transition increment.
The yield criterion of the material in the calculation process of the embodiment includes a tesla criterion and a mesce criterion, and the formula of the tesla criterion is as follows:whereinis the yield shear at pure shear,andrespectively the principal stress; the formula for the Misses criterion is:whereinis the yield shear at pure shear,、andthe stress is the main stress in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively.
In the embodiment, complete coupling calculation of temperature and a flow field is carried out by using an Euler algorithm considering temperature, so that the size and the distribution of the temperature and the flow field at any moment in the welding process of the workpiece are obtained, microstructure transformation calculation is carried out by using a Leblond phase change model and an algorithm, so that phase change structure distribution is obtained, and the plastic region and the stress strain of the workpiece in the welding process are calculated based on the obtained temperature, the flow field and the phase change structure distribution.
When the method is applied, the Euler-Lagrange grid can be used for accurately describing the shape of the friction welding heat source and matching with an actual result, the shape, the size and the direction of a stirring head flow field in the friction welding process can be accurately described, and an accurate fluid result is provided for the coupling temperature calculation. The phase change condition at the heat source can be well described by the embodiment, and the strain calculation considering the phase change is visual and accurate in the whole friction welding process. In summary, the present embodiment can calculate the strain result considering the phase change with high efficiency and provide an intuitive display.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The friction welding process thermal current microstructure multi-physical field numerical calculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
establishing a heat-flow coupling numerical model, and performing complete coupling calculation of temperature and a flow field by using an Euler algorithm considering temperature to obtain the size and distribution of the temperature and the flow field at any moment in the workpiece welding process;
performing microstructure transformation calculation by utilizing a Leblond phase change model and an algorithm to obtain phase change structure distribution;
and step three, establishing a thermal-force-structure coupling numerical model based on the obtained temperature, flow field and phase change structure distribution, and calculating the plastic area and stress strain of the workpiece in the welding process.
2. The method for calculating the values of the multi-physical field of the thermodynamic flow microstructure according to claim 1, wherein the temperature acquisition in the first step includes calculation of the internal heat conduction of the workpiece and calculation of the heat exchange between the workpiece and the outside, wherein the heat conduction is calculated according to the fourier heat transfer law, and the formula of the fourier heat transfer law is as follows:
wherein k (x, y, z) is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material, A is the heat transfer area, T is the temperature, and x is the coordinate on the heat transfer surface;
the heat exchange between the workpiece and the outside is calculated by using an Euler equation, wherein the formula of the Euler equation is as follows:
；
where ρ is the density of the material, C is the specific heat of the material, Q is the total heat inside the material, V andis an operator.
3. The method for calculating the numerical values of the multiple physical fields of the microstructure of the thermodynamic flow in the friction welding process according to claim 2, wherein the size and the distribution of the flow field in the first step are obtained by judging whether the flow field belongs to the turbulent flow through a Rayleigh coefficient, and then the calculation is performed based on an N-S equation and an Euler equation, wherein the N-S equation is as follows:
where Δ is the laplacian, μ is the dynamic viscosity coefficient, F is the loading force, p is the pressure, v is the velocity component, and t is the time.
4. The method for calculating the numerical value of the thermal flow microstructure of the friction welding process according to claim 1, wherein a Lagrange-Euler grid is adopted to prepare a friction welding numerical simulation grid according to an actual model in the calculation process of the first step to the third step, wherein the Lagrange grid is adopted in a welding seam area, and the Euler grid is adopted in a non-welding area; in the first step, the temperature is calculated for each grid node, and then the temperature is used as one of boundary conditions for fluid calculation of the node, so that the temperature and flow field results are stored in each grid node.
5. The method for calculating the numerical values of the multiple physical fields of the microstructure of the thermodynamic flow in the friction welding process according to claim 1, wherein the microstructure transformation calculation in the second step is calculated according to a Leblond Model and a K-M Model, and the Leblond Model equation is as follows:
wherein, T is the temperature,in order to balance the phase ratios at the moment,the single phase proportion in the phase change process,for the delay time of the phase transition at the temperature T,for the number of temperature T phases, various parameters in a Leblond Model equation are obtained through a CCT curve of a material;
the K-M equation is:
wherein, T is the temperature,is the proportion of martensite at the temperature T,the ratio of austenite at temperature T, k the test parameter, and Ms the martensite start temperature.
6. The method for calculating the numerical value of the multi-physical field of the thermodynamic flow microstructure of the friction welding process according to claim 1, wherein a calculation formula of the viscous force of the welding fluid in the stress-strain calculation process in the third step is as follows:
wherein,is the dynamic viscosity coefficient or friction coefficient and u is the component of velocity in the z direction.
7. The method for calculating the numerical values of the multi-physical-field of the thermal flow microstructure of the friction welding process according to claim 1, wherein the calculation models of the stress-strain between the stirring head and the workpiece in the thermal-flow complete coupling numerical model and the thermal-force-tissue coupling numerical model are as follows:
wherein,in order to be a viscous dissipation,as the density of the heat flow,it is the temperature that is set for the purpose,is the density of the material, C is the specific heat of the material,is the velocity component.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the strain during friction welding is calculated by using a plurality of physical fields of thermodynamic flow microstructureThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein,in order to be elastically strained,in order to be subjected to a plastic strain,is the strain of the creep, and is,in order to change the number of the channels correspondingly,in order to change the volume strain from the phase,plastic strain which is a phase transformation process;
the equation for the corresponding strain is:
wherein, T is a temperature,is the initial temperature of the molten steel, and,is the coefficient of expansion of the material,is referred to as the single phase strain at a given temperature,is the volume fraction of the phase;
plastic strain of phase transformation processThe equation is:
in the formula,is the tensor of the stress(s),is the change in volume due to phase transformation, s is the yield stress,is the percentage of the phase that has been converted,is the phase transition increment.
9. A method for calculating a multiphysics field value of a thermodynamic flow microstructure of a friction welding process according to claim 1, wherein yield criteria of the material in the calculation process of the first step to the third step include a tesla criterion and a mieses criterion, and a formula of the tesla criterion is as follows:
whereinis the yield shear at pure shear,andrespectively the principal stress;
the formula for the Misses criterion is:whereinis the yield shear at pure shear,、andthe stress is the main stress in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively.
10. The method for calculating the numerical values of the thermal flow microstructure and the multi-physical field of the thermal flow microstructure of the friction welding process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a Johndon-Cook model is adopted to describe the friction welding material when the thermal-flow complete coupling numerical model and the thermal-force-tissue coupling numerical model are established, and the expression of the Johndon-Cook model is as follows:
wherein A is the yield strength of the material, B is the tensile strength of the material, n is the hardening index of the material, C is the strain rate sensitivity index, m is the temperature softening index of the material,is the equivalent plastic strain of the alloy,is referred to as the strain rate of the sample,is the melting point of the material and is,is the reference temperature and T is the current temperature of the material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610586477.1A CN106202803B (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2016-07-25 | Friction welding process thermal current microstructure multi-physical field numerical calculation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610586477.1A CN106202803B (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2016-07-25 | Friction welding process thermal current microstructure multi-physical field numerical calculation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106202803A true CN106202803A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN106202803B CN106202803B (en) | 2020-02-04 |
Family
ID=57491566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610586477.1A Active CN106202803B (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2016-07-25 | Friction welding process thermal current microstructure multi-physical field numerical calculation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106202803B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109933955A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-25 | 苏州大学 | A kind of technique optimization method of drawing mould |
| CN110008554A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | It is a kind of that prediction optimization method is shaped based on the stirring friction welding seam of numerical simulation and deep learning |
| CN110807274A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-18 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Deform-based numerical simulation method for continuous friction welding weak specification |
| CN111639448A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-08 | 西北工业大学 | Linear friction welding numerical simulation method introducing initial defects |
| CN111881527A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Simplified prediction method for electric arc additive forming morphology and thermal field-flow field |
| CN112788929A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-05-11 | 德鲁动力科技(成都)有限公司 | Electric control box heat dissipation design method of four-legged robot |
| CN113139314A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 四川大学 | Heat source numerical simulation method for laser additive manufacturing process |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101537539A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-23 | 重庆大学 | Pin tool for friction stir welding and current carrying friction stir welding method |
-
2016
- 2016-07-25 CN CN201610586477.1A patent/CN106202803B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101537539A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-23 | 重庆大学 | Pin tool for friction stir welding and current carrying friction stir welding method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘鹏涛: ""氢对TC4钛合金焊接接头组织与性能影响的研究"", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库工程 科技Ⅰ辑（月刊）》 * |
| 张忠科: ""搅拌摩擦焊接过程的多场检测及耦合关键问题研究"", 《万方数据 知识服务平台》 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110008554A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | It is a kind of that prediction optimization method is shaped based on the stirring friction welding seam of numerical simulation and deep learning |
| CN109933955A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-25 | 苏州大学 | A kind of technique optimization method of drawing mould |
| CN109933955B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2023-04-07 | 苏州大学 | Process optimization method of drawing die |
| CN110807274A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-18 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Deform-based numerical simulation method for continuous friction welding weak specification |
| CN111639448A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-08 | 西北工业大学 | Linear friction welding numerical simulation method introducing initial defects |
| CN111639448B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2022-04-01 | 西北工业大学 | Linear friction welding numerical simulation method introducing initial defects |
| CN111881527A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Simplified prediction method for electric arc additive forming morphology and thermal field-flow field |
| CN112788929A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-05-11 | 德鲁动力科技(成都)有限公司 | Electric control box heat dissipation design method of four-legged robot |
| CN113139314A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 四川大学 | Heat source numerical simulation method for laser additive manufacturing process |
| CN113139314B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-09-27 | 四川大学 | Heat source numerical simulation method for laser additive manufacturing process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106202803B (en) | 2020-02-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106202803B (en) | Friction welding process thermal current microstructure multi-physical field numerical calculation method | |
| CN109858085B (en) | Austenitization determination method in heat treatment process of metal material | |
| Chiumenti et al. | Finite element modeling of multi-pass welding and shaped metal deposition processes | |
| Nie et al. | Experimental study and modeling of H13 steel deposition using laser hot-wire additive manufacturing | |
| Sun et al. | A comparative study on welding temperature fields, residual stress distributions and deformations induced by laser beam welding and CO2 gas arc welding | |
| Deng et al. | Determination of welding deformation in fillet-welded joint by means of numerical simulation and comparison with experimental measurements | |
| Deng et al. | FEM prediction of welding residual stresses in a SUS304 girth-welded pipe with emphasis on stress distribution near weld start/end location | |
| Zhang et al. | A transient thermal model for friction stir weld. Part II: Effects of weld conditions | |
| Ranjbarnodeh et al. | Effect of welding parameters on residual stresses in dissimilar joint of stainless steel to carbon steel | |
| Bonakdar et al. | Finite element modeling of the electron beam welding of Inconel-713LC gas turbine blades | |
| Akella et al. | A welding simulation of dissimilar materials SS304 and copper | |
| CN112949147B (en) | Uniaxial tension simulation calculation method for linear friction welding joint | |
| Jedrasiak et al. | Thermal modelling of linear friction welding | |
| Jančo et al. | FSW Numerical simulation of aluminium plates by sysweld-Part II | |
| Hashemi et al. | An incrementally coupled thermo-electro-mechanical model for resistance spot welding | |
| Bennett | Finite element modelling of the inertia friction welding of a CrMoV alloy steel including the effects of solid-state phase transformations | |
| Ni et al. | Dependency of phase transformation on the prior austenite grain size and its influence on welding residual stress of S700 steel | |
| Nie et al. | Microstructure evolution modeling of FGH96 superalloy during inertia friction welding process | |
| Hemmer et al. | A process model for the heat-affected zone microstructure evolution in duplex stainless steel weldments: Part II. Application to electron beam welding | |
| Goldak et al. | Computer simulation of welding processes | |
| Dörfler | Advanced modeling of friction stir welding–improved material model for aluminum alloys and modeling of different materials with different properties by using the level set method | |
| Feli et al. | Evaluation effects of modeling parameters on the temperature fields and residual stresses of butt-welded stainless steel pipes | |
| CN106250595A (en) | Materials hot working whole process heating power stream microstructure multiple physical field numerical computation method | |
| Wu et al. | Finite element analysis of residual stresses in a butt weld | |
| Tong et al. | An integrated framework for multi-scale multi-physics numerical modelling of interface evolution in welding |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |