CN106197586A - The measuring method of the flow rate of downhole fluid and device - Google Patents
The measuring method of the flow rate of downhole fluid and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197586A CN106197586A CN201610466307.XA CN201610466307A CN106197586A CN 106197586 A CN106197586 A CN 106197586A CN 201610466307 A CN201610466307 A CN 201610466307A CN 106197586 A CN106197586 A CN 106197586A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
- G01F1/69—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element of resistive type
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of fluid measurement, disclose measuring method and the device of the flow rate of downhole fluid, method includes: receiving the temperature measured by composite cable being placed in down-hole, described composite cable includes optical fiber and hot water radiation wire；The rate of change of the temperature recorded described in determining, when described rate of change is less than rate of change threshold value, starts power-supply device and is powered hot water radiation wire in described composite cable, so that described hot water radiation wire heats；Receive described composite cable and measure, at each, the warming temperature that point records, and record the heat time heating time of correspondence；The warming temperature measuring point according to each and the corresponding value of consult volume determining default variations in temperature parameter heat time heating time；The value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by according to finds each in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates and measures the flow rate that point is corresponding.The present invention can save the required expense of measurement, and adds the convenience of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fluid measurement, in particular it relates to the measuring method of the flow rate of a kind of downhole fluid and
Device.
Background technology
Downhole flow monitoring is the subject matter paid close attention in oil, natural gas, coal-bed gas exploitation.In correlation technique,
Production wellhead installs the mechanical flowmeter such as turbine or vortex street, obtains individual well and always produces flow rate.Carrying out downhole flow
Measurement time, use electronic type or mechanical flowmeter to carry out the measurement of single-point zone flow speed, distributed for multilayered reservoir
Measurement may be used without the mode of multiple electronic flowmeter series connection and carries out one-point measurement, also needs to use crawl device to push away for horizontal well
Effusion meter is sent to complete to measure in well.
Owing to subsurface environment is complicated, in borehole size, working place is little, and operation easier is big, uses prior art to carry out
Needed for flow rate measurement costly.And down-hole is high temperature and high pressure environment, conditional electronic formula or Mechanical measurement instrument are very
Difficult the most properly functioning under such environment, further increase the difficulty that downhole fluid is measured.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide measuring method and the device of the flow rate of downhole fluid, be used for solving above-mentioned technology
Problem, solves above-mentioned technical problem at least in part.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides the measuring method of the flow rate of a kind of downhole fluid, the method bag
Include: receiving the temperature measured by composite cable being placed in down-hole, described composite cable includes optical fiber and hot water radiation wire；Determine described
The rate of change of the temperature recorded, when described rate of change is less than rate of change threshold value, starts power-supply device in described composite cable
Hot water radiation wire is powered, so that described hot water radiation wire heats；Receive described composite cable and measure what point recorded at each
Warming temperature, and record the heat time heating time of correspondence；Warming temperature and the corresponding heat time heating time of measuring point according to each determine pre-
If the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter；The value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by according to is searched in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates
The flow rate that point is corresponding is measured to each；Described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates includes representing between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate
The calibration curve of corresponding relation.
Preferably, variations in temperature ginseng under described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates is included under various environment the described environment of the expression recorded
The calibration curve of corresponding relation between amount and flow rate；The value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by described basis is being demarcated
Curve spectrum finds each flow rate measuring point corresponding include: demarcating song according to the environment parameter value of subsurface environment
Line chart spectrum determines the calibration curve of correspondence；Exist according to measuring the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by point corresponding to each
Determined by calibration curve find each measure the flow rate that point is corresponding.
Preferably, described method also includes: receive the liter at the well head flow rate and down-hole maximum stream flow speed measured
Temperature temperature, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding, receives the warming temperature at the bottom measured, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding；Root
Maximum stream flow speed is determined according to the heat time heating time of the warming temperature at the flow rate of well head, down-hole maximum stream flow speed and correspondence
And corresponding relation between variations in temperature parameter；Flow rate at bottom is set as preset value, according to the flow at bottom
The heat time heating time of speed, warming temperature and correspondence determines corresponding relation between minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter；According to
Big corresponding relation matching between corresponding relation and minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter between flow rate and variations in temperature parameter
Go out to demarcate the calibration curve in curve spectrum.
Preferably, the adding of warming temperature at the described flow rate according to well head, down-hole maximum stream flow speed and correspondence
The heat time determines that between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter, corresponding relation includes: according to the environment parameter value of well head environment and
At the maximum stream flow speed of down-hole, the environment parameter value of environment, is converted to maximum stream flow speed by the flow rate of well head.
Preferably, described method also includes: warming temperature and the corresponding heat time heating time of measuring point according to each determine liter
Temperature rate distributing curve；In heating rate distribution curve, search the position of heating rate generation Spline smoothing, will heat up speed
The position that Spline smoothing occurs is defined as down-hole separating surface.
Preferably, described variations in temperature parameter includes following at least one: heating rate, warming temperature or heating rate reach
To the heating-up time used by set-point.
According to the another aspect of present aspect, disclose the measurement apparatus of the flow rate of a kind of downhole fluid, this device bag
Including: receiver module, for receiving the temperature measured by composite cable being placed in down-hole, described composite cable includes optical fiber and thermoelectricity
Resistance silk；Determine module, be used for the rate of change of the temperature recorded described in determining, when described rate of change is less than rate of change threshold value, open
Hot water radiation wire in described composite cable is powered by galvanic electricity source device, so that described hot water radiation wire heats；Described reception
Module is additionally operable to receive described composite cable and measures, at each, the warming temperature that point records, and records the heat time heating time of correspondence；Institute
State and determine that module is additionally operable to determine default variations in temperature ginseng the heat time heating time according to each warming temperature and correspondence measuring point
The value of consult volume of amount；Search module, search in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates for the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by basis
The flow rate that point is corresponding is measured to each；Described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates includes representing between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate
The calibration curve of corresponding relation.
Preferably, variations in temperature ginseng under described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates is included under various environment the described environment of the expression recorded
The calibration curve of corresponding relation between amount and flow rate；Described lookup module is for existing according to the environment parameter value of subsurface environment
Calibration curve collection of illustrative plates determines the calibration curve of correspondence；The ginseng of variations in temperature parameter determined by point is measured according to corresponding to each
Value determined by calibration curve find each measure the flow rate that point is corresponding.
Preferably, shown device also includes fitting module；Described receiver module is additionally operable to receive the well head flow speed measured
Warming temperature at rate and down-hole maximum stream flow speed, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding, receives the intensification at the bottom measured
Temperature, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding；Described determine that module is additionally operable to the flow rate according to well head, down-hole maximum stream flow speed
The warming temperature located and the heat time heating time of correspondence determine corresponding relation between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter；By bottom
The flow rate at place is set as preset value, determines according to the heat time heating time of the flow rate at bottom, warming temperature and correspondence
Corresponding relation between minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter；Described fitting module is for becoming with temperature according to maximum stream flow speed
During between change parameter, between corresponding relation and minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter, corresponding relation simulates calibration curve collection of illustrative plates
Calibration curve.
Preferably, described module ring at the environment parameter value according to well head environment and down-hole maximum stream flow speed is determined
The environment parameter value in border, is converted to maximum stream flow speed by the flow rate of well head.
Preferably, determine the described heat time heating time determining that module is additionally operable to according to each warming temperature and correspondence measuring point
Heating rate distribution curve；Described lookup module is additionally operable in heating rate distribution curve search heating rate generation step and becomes
The position changed, the position that will heat up speed generation Spline smoothing is defined as down-hole separating surface.
Preferably, described variations in temperature parameter includes following at least one: heating rate, warming temperature or heating rate reach
To the heating-up time used by set-point.
By technique scheme, receiving the temperature measured by composite cable being placed in down-hole, described composite cable includes
Optical fiber and hot water radiation wire；The rate of change of the temperature recorded described in determining, when described rate of change is less than rate of change threshold value, starts electricity
Hot water radiation wire in described composite cable is powered by source device, so that described hot water radiation wire heats；Receive described compound
Cable measures, at each, the warming temperature that point records, and records the heat time heating time of correspondence；The warming temperature of point is measured according to each
With the corresponding value of consult volume determining default variations in temperature parameter heat time heating time；The parameter of variations in temperature parameter determined by according to
Value finds each in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates and measures the flow rate that point is corresponding.The present invention use composite cable carry out temperature
Measure, just can determine that the flow rate of fluid, composite cable have a feature of tolerance High Temperature High Pressure according to the temperature measured, and just
In laying in down-hole, thus save the required expense of measurement, and added the convenience of measurement.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes the part of description, with following tool
Body embodiment is used for explaining the present invention together, but is not intended that limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the measuring method of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of composite cable according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the relation of heating rate and time under different flow speed；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of relation between heating-up time and flow rate in the case of given heating rate, and given
The schematic diagram of relation between warming temperature and flow rate in the case of heat time heating time；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram determining interfacial principle according to heating rate；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the scene of the measurement of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the system of the measurement of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the calibration curve of matching according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of the measurement apparatus of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention；And
Figure 10 is the structure chart of the measurement apparatus of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The detailed description of the invention stated is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the measuring method of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention, such as Fig. 1 institute
Showing, the method comprises the steps.
In step s 110, reception is placed in the temperature measured by composite cable of down-hole.
Composite cable includes optical fiber and hot water radiation wire.Such as, as in figure 2 it is shown, optical cable and heater wire fit tightly and cross section
Upper geometric relative position is fixed, and protects armour 210 interference fit with metal simultaneously.Metal protects the space in armour 210 by resistant to elevated temperatures
Heat-conducting medium 212 is filled.Wrap up in deposited homogeneous insulation layers 208 outside hot water radiation wire 206, prevent electric current and outer layer metal wall in heating process
Or between resistance wire, form short circuit.Optical fiber 204 outer wrapping protective layer 202, prevents from extruding optical fiber in metal protects armour 210 process of packing
204。
In the step s 120, determine the rate of change of the temperature recorded, when rate of change is less than rate of change threshold value, start power supply
Hot water radiation wire in composite cable is powered by equipment, so that hot water radiation wire heats.
In step s 130, receive composite cable and measure, at each, the warming temperature that point records, and record the heating of correspondence
Time.
In step S140, the warming temperature measuring point according to each and corresponding heat time heating time determine that default temperature becomes
Change the value of consult volume of parameter.
In step S150, according to determined by the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter find in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates respectively
The individual flow rate measuring some correspondence.
Calibration curve collection of illustrative plates includes representing the calibration curve of corresponding relation between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate.Temperature
Variable parameter includes following at least one: heating rate, warming temperature or heating rate reach the heating-up time used by set-point.
For example, it is possible in each measurement point, the temperature gap that will heat up is divided by with section time heat time heating time, is risen
Temperature speed, it is possible to and then the heating-up time used by given heating rate must be reached.Can also be according to warming temperature and heating
Time, when obtaining putting given heat time heating time, each measurement point warming temperature.Calibration curve collection of illustrative plates can include representing heating rate
And the calibration curve of corresponding relation between flow rate；Represent that between heating-up time and flow rate, the demarcation of corresponding relation is bent
Line；And/or represent the calibration curve of corresponding relation between warming temperature and flow rate.By carrying out in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates
Corresponding lookup just can get each flow rate measuring point.
In one embodiment, the method for the present invention may also include that the warming temperature and corresponding adding measuring point according to each
The heat time determines heating rate distribution curve；The position of heating rate generation Spline smoothing is searched in heating rate distribution curve
Putting, the position that will heat up speed generation Spline smoothing is defined as down-hole separating surface.
Hereinafter the theoretical principle of technical scheme institute foundation in the present invention is illustrated.
Its temperature can be made when cryogen flows through high temp objects surface to reduce, and surface temperature and flow rate meet certain pass
System, this relation can obtain under the equilibrium state of long-time heating, and along with the reduction of flow, equilibration time can exponentially increase
Long.Further, being powered by hot water radiation wire in composite cable after heating, composite cable surface temperature can steeply rise, recombination line
The fluid flow through around cable can take away heat, and therefore composite cable heating rate can be the most slack-off, as shown in Figure 3.
For composite cable, its cross-sectional diameter is far smaller than its length, and heater wire armour mechanical engagement outer with metal is tight
Contact, and contacted by the outer armour of thermostable heat-conductive medium and metal, its internal thermal conduction resistance is much smaller than its surface heat exchanging thermal resistance,
Therefore the temperature within composite cable can be considered as unanimously.
Heat-balance differential equation in composite cable unit length is as follows:
Wherein, A is composite cable sectional area, and ρ is composite cable density, and c is composite cable specific heat, and t is temperature, when τ is
Between, h is the coefficient of heat transfer between composite cable outer wall and fluid, and P is composite cable outer wall girth, and I is to apply on composite cable
Electric current, R is unit resistance.
Introduce Excess temperature θ=t-tf, available heating rate relational expression.
Being up to the given time used by heating rate is designated as heating-up time τ,
τ=f (h) C0
Owing to plunderring fluid temperature (F.T.) and speed is relevant except coefficient of heat transfer h is vertical in addition to composite cable, other parameters are all compound
The physical parameter of cable.
Nu=CRen Prm；
Wherein, L is characteristic length, and Nu is Reynolds number, and Re is Reynolds number, and Pr is Prandtl number, and λ is flow thermal conductivity coefficient, μ
It is fluid kinematic viscosity, cpIt it is fluid ratio thermal capacitance.
As shown in Figure 4, corresponding one gives heating rate, the heating-up time difference that different flow speed is corresponding, flow rate
The biggest required heating-up time is the shortest；When heat time heating time is identical, flow rate the biggest composite cable surface temperature is the lowest.
On the other hand, for oil, gas well or reservoir paintpot, there is air water, profit, gas and oil separating surface.Underground composite cable
It is immersed in two media, relies on the specific heat capacity of different medium, density, heat conductivity different, the recombination line when heat time heating time is identical
Cable surface there will be different heating rates, can judge dielectric interface according to heating rate change.Before resistive conductor heating, two
Plant medium local environment temperature identical, when composite cable surface temperature can rise after heating, around composite cable, wrap up in attached stream simultaneously
Knowing from experience and take away composite cable surface portion heat by free convection, its heating rate can be the most slack-off.Due to different medium
Specific heat capacity, density, heat conductivity, fluid viscosity are different, and its coefficient of heat transfer is the most different.
For this composite cable, its cross-sectional diameter is far smaller than its length, and heater wire armour mechanical engagement outer with metal
Being in close contact and contact with by the outer armour of thermostable heat-conductive medium and metal, its internal thermal conduction resistance is much smaller than its surface heat exchanging warm
Resistance, can be considered as the temperature within composite cable unanimously.
Heat-balance differential equation in composite cable unit length is as follows:
Wherein, A is composite cable sectional area, and ρ is composite cable density, and c is composite cable specific heat, and t is temperature, when τ is
Between, h is the coefficient of heat transfer between composite cable outer wall and fluid, and P is composite cable outer wall girth, and I is to apply on composite cable
Electric current, R is unit resistance.
Introduce Excess temperature θ=t-tf, available heating rate relational expression.
When the physical parameter of composite cable is it is known that heat time heating time is identical, the coefficient of heat transfer of fluid is the biggest, the liter of composite cable
Temperature speed is the lowest.
Nu=CGrn Prn；
In formula, L is characteristic length, and Nu is Reynolds number, and Gr is grashof number, and Pr is Prandtl number.λ is fluid heat conduction system
Number, αVIt is change in volume coefficient, ρfBeing fluid density, μ is fluid kinematic viscosity, cpIt it is fluid ratio thermal capacitance.
Choose water at normal temperature, diesel oil, the physical parameter of air bring above-mentioned formula into, and the coefficient of heat transfer that can obtain water is more than
The coefficient of heat transfer of oil, the coefficient of heat transfer of diesel oil is more than the coefficient of heat transfer of air.For gas and oil separating surface, in identical heat time heating time
Under, composite cable aerial part heating rate is big, and the part heating rate in oil is little, and the position of speed sudden change is i.e.
For gas and oil separating surface.For oil water surface, under identical heat time heating time, composite cable part heating rate in oil is big,
And part heating rate in water is little, the position of speed sudden change is oil water surface, as shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the scene of the measurement of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention；Fig. 7 is
The schematic diagram of the system of the measurement of the flow rate of downhole fluid according to an embodiment of the invention.Measurement system includes aboveground electricity
Source device, light source, demodulated equipment, operating platform, underground survey equipment.
Power-supply device provides effective current for underground survey equipment, for composite cable interior-heat resistance heating；Also it is aboveground
Electrical equipment provides electric power.Light source, under the triggering of synchronous control unit, produces a high-power smooth arteries and veins by laser instrument
Punching, light pulse enters sensing optic cable, carries the composition dorsad in the spontaneous Raman scattering light of temperature information along former in sensing optic cable
Road returns, by being divided into two-beam after beam splitter, under connect the wave filter of two different centre wavelengths, correspondence leaches stokes light
And anti-Stokes light, after photodetector is converted into the signal of telecommunication, send into data acquisition and procession unit.Demodulated equipment is number
According to gathering and processing unit, include signal of telecommunication amplification, denoising, demodulating algorithm, output temperature value.Operating platform monitoring down-hole is surveyed
Amount data and aboveground all appts equipment working state, the operation of all devices and stopping in control system.Aboveground measurement equipment
By being arranged on the effusion meter (turbine flowmeter or other conventional flow meters) at well head, measure the total output of well.Underground survey
Equipment can comprise the composite cable of one or more temperature measuring optical cable and hot water radiation wire, can measure composite cable wall surface temperature.Compound
The structure of cable is as in figure 2 it is shown, repeat no more.
When measuring, composite cable is positioned in oil, gas well as downhole flow distribution measurement apparatus.Composite cable
In heater wire be connected with aboveground power-supply system, can heat cable when energized, promote cable temperature.Optical fiber in composite cable
Also it is temperature signal under optical pickocff production wells as optical signal transmission passage simultaneously.The downhole temperature information gathered is by ground
Upper thread cable is transferred in demodulated equipment, and demodulated equipment passes through optical-electrical converter, converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, counts subsequently
Mould is changed, and the digital signal after conversion enters operating platform, carries out computing by distributed temperature signal processing.Distributed
Incoming temperature-the discharge model of data after processes temperature signal process computing finally calculates, draws Underground Distributed temperature
The information such as degree, heating-up time, heating rate, flow.The control system of operating platform can control the opening and closing of other equipment,
And to the control of electric current, voltage in power-supply system.
In the present embodiment, calibration curve collection of illustrative plates acceptance of the bid determine curve can by under the most various environment measure
Obtain.Calibration curve collection of illustrative plates is included under various environment under this environment of expression recorded between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate
The calibration curve of corresponding relation；Determined by described basis, the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter finds in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates
It is right that each flow rate measuring some correspondence comprises the steps that the environment parameter value according to subsurface environment determines in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates
The calibration curve answered；According to corresponding to each measure point determined by variations in temperature parameter value of consult volume determined by demarcate song
Line finds each and measures the flow rate that point is corresponding.
For example, it is possible in laboratory environments composite cable to be applied given electrical power, carry out different fluid temperature, pressure
Measurement under power, different flow speed, it is thus achieved that the wall of composite cable at a temperature of different pressures, different fluid, flow rate
And the calibration curve of relation between warming temperature, heating-up time and/or heating rate, the calibration curve composition under various environment should
The calibration curve collection of illustrative plates of model composite cable.
When flow rate on the spot is measured, apply identical electrical power to optical cable, during according to the warming temperature recorded and heating
Between can obtain in actual environment each warming temperature measuring point, heating-up time or heating rate.According in actual environment
Environment parameter value, such as fluid temperature (F.T.), pressure etc., measure in the lab in gained calibration curve collection of illustrative plates and select to meet actual rings
The calibration curve in border.Utilize gained warming temperature, heating-up time or heating rate to make a look up in calibration curve, draw each
Measure the flow rate of the fluid of point.
Such as, when carrying out actual measurement, in well that composite cable is hung down or be strapped on coiled tubing and place into down-hole,
Composite cable head end is made to be arranged into the bottom (well tail end) of well.When downhole temperature rate of change is less than 0.1 DEG C/min, start
Aboveground power-supply device is powered to hot water radiation wire in composite cable.The composite cable wall that after record power supply, underground composite cable is measured
Temperature and corresponding heat time heating time.Wall surface temperature and the corresponding heat time heating time of the composite cable according to record obtain warming temperature, rise
Temperature time or heating rate.In calibration curve collection of illustrative plates, select the calibration curve corresponding to actual environment, look in calibration curve
Find each flow rate measuring point, it is thus achieved that overall length flow rate distribution in well.
On the other hand, laboratory is likely not to have the demarcation corresponding with actual environment in measurement gained calibration curve collection of illustrative plates
Curve.In such a case, it is possible to obtain calibration curve in the following way.Described method may also include that and receives the well measured
Warming temperature at mouth flow rate and down-hole maximum stream flow speed, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding, receives the bottom measured
The warming temperature at place, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding；Intensification temperature at flow rate according to well head, down-hole maximum stream flow speed
The heat time heating time of degree and correspondence determines corresponding relation between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter；By the flow speed at bottom
Rate is set as preset value, according to determining minimum discharge speed the heat time heating time of the flow rate at bottom, warming temperature and correspondence
Corresponding relation between rate and variations in temperature parameter；According to corresponding relation and minimum discharge between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter
Calibration curve during corresponding relation simulates calibration curve collection of illustrative plates between speed and variations in temperature parameter.
Further, warming temperature at the described flow rate according to well head, down-hole maximum stream flow speed and correspondence
Determine that between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter, corresponding relation includes heat time heating time: according to the environment parameter value of well head environment
With the environment parameter value of environment at the maximum stream flow speed of down-hole, the flow rate of well head is converted to maximum stream flow speed.
Such as, first, under certain current value, measure by composite cable wall surface temperature and right at maximum stream flow speed in well logging
The heat time heating time answered.In ground and the overhead nearest total flow that flow is this well between payzone, i.e. to should the maximum of well
Flow rate, is shown in Fig. 6.Maximum stream flow speed is identical with well head flow rate, can be by being arranged on the turbine flowmeter of well head
(or other conventional flow meters) are measured and are obtained, and the warming temperature that now foundation maximum stream flow flow rate is corresponding is (at maximum stream flow speed
The wall surface temperature of composite cable) and maximum stream flow speed can mark the right endpoint of calibration curve.Or, according to maximum stream flow speed
At rate, composite cable wall surface temperature and corresponding heat time heating time obtain the heating-up time of corresponding given heating rate, according to this intensification
Time and maximum stream flow speed can remember the right endpoint calibration curve, see Fig. 8.The temperature, pressure environment of at well head and down-hole is not
With, the maximum stream flow rate value of down-hole can be obtained by physical properties of fluids parameters revision.
Then, it is determined that by zero delivery ramp temperature (composite cable wall surface temperature) and correspondence in well logging under this current value
Heat time heating time.Composite cable one end is laid in bottom, it is to avoid the interference that composite cable is flowed by borehole fluid, can recognize
It is 0 for the flow rate around bottom composite cable.Warming temperature according to 0 flow flow rate and the bottom of measurement can labelling
Go out the left end point of calibration curve.Or, composite cable wall surface temperature and corresponding heat time heating time according to bottom obtain correspondence
The heating-up time of given heating rate, the left end point calibration curve can be remembered according to this heating-up time and 0 flow rate, see Fig. 8.
For Laminar Flow, when fluid flows through static heater surface, the orderly laminar flow of fluid, adjacent interlayer is without stream
Dynamic, to fluid center, transmission relies primarily on molecule diffusion motion thermal conduction mechanism to wall heat.This is with static fluid inwall fever sensation of the face
Measure close to surrounding fluid diffusion mechanism.And Turbulence Flow, fluid random motion, destroy original laminar flow, energy
Strengthen with momentum transmission.Therefore the warming temperature of zero delivery speed can be designated as the minimum corresponding stream of turbulent Reynolds number with the heating-up time
Warming temperature during amount speed and heating-up time, the method has been confirmed.Can be obtained by above-mentioned two point
To flow rate and warming temperature or the calibration curve of heating-up time.Therefore, once the heating-up time of zero delivery in acquisition well
The heating-up time corresponding with well head total flow, i.e. can determine that the flow rate-heating-up time of measured well marks by two-point method
Determine curve, see solid line in Fig. 8, and then obtain flow rate value corresponding to different heating-up time.Use the method can pass through to demarcate
Curve is each zone flow rate value in obtaining this measurement well.Visible by experiment, use above-mentioned two-point method to be calculated flow speed
Rate value, the deviation of data obtained with experiment, within 10%, is shown in Fig. 8.
When carrying out actual measurement, in the well that the composite cable being used for downhole flow measurement can be hung down or be strapped in continuous oil
Placing into down-hole on pipe, composite cable head end is arranged into the bottom of well.When downhole temperature rate of change is less than 0.1 DEG C/min, open
Dynamic aboveground power-supply device is powered to hot water radiation wire in composite cable.The composite cable wall that after record power supply, down-hole temperature measuring optical cable is measured
Surface temperature and corresponding heat time heating time.Use and traditional type effusion meter is installed at well head, measure well head flow.Draw by well logging
Heating-up time that big flow rate is corresponding and warming temperature, and the heating-up time of shaft bottom end regions and warming temperature.Pass through
Heating-up time or warming temperature that flow rate minima is corresponding with maximum carry out fitted calibration curve.Then, to according to acquisition
Each measure point warming temperature or heating-up time, search calibration curve draw well in each point for measuring temperature flow rate distribution.
It addition, separating surface can also be determined according to heating rate when measuring.Composite cable hung down in well or be strapped in
Place on coiled tubing in down-hole or storage cave.When the rate of temperature change that optical cable records is less than 0.1 DEG C/min, start aboveground electricity
Source device is powered to hot water radiation wire in composite cable.Record power supply after underground composite cable measure composite cable wall surface temperature and
Corresponding heat time heating time.According to showing composite cable wall surface temperature and corresponding heat time heating time that each measures the heating rate of point, and then
Draw heating rate distribution curve, determine the Spline smoothing position of heating rate distribution curve, according to Spline smoothing institute
The separating surface (such as air water, profit, gas and oil separating surface) of two media in position judgment down-hole or storage cave.
In the present invention, technical scheme can carry out well section distributed traffic profile survey long-term, the most complete, simultaneously can be right
Down-hole separating surface is effectively measured.In it can measure well in the case of not affecting borehole fluid flowing, flow rate divides
Cloth, effectively reduces operation easier and measurement expense, accurately grasps position and the flow of crude oil, oil gas and formation water, thus promote
Comprehensive production is taped the latent power, and improves yield and recovery ratio, it is achieved volume increase, reduces producing cost.
Fig. 9 illustrates the measurement apparatus of the flow rate of a kind of downhole fluid, and this device can be used for report control platform, such as Fig. 9 institute
Showing, this device includes such as lower module.
Receiver module 910, for receiving the temperature measured by composite cable being placed in down-hole, described composite cable includes light
Fibre and hot water radiation wire；Determine module 920, be used for the rate of change of the temperature recorded described in determining, when described rate of change is less than change
During rate threshold value, start power-supply device and hot water radiation wire in described composite cable is powered, so that described hot water radiation wire adds
Heat；Receiver module 910 is additionally operable to receive described composite cable and measures, at each, the warming temperature that point records, and records adding of correspondence
The heat time；Determine that the heat time heating time that module 920 is additionally operable to according to each warming temperature and correspondence measuring point determines default temperature
The value of consult volume of degree variable parameter；Search module 930 for the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by basis at calibration curve
Collection of illustrative plates finds each and measures the flow rate that point is corresponding；Described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates includes representing variations in temperature parameter and stream
The calibration curve of corresponding relation between amount speed.
In one embodiment, temperature under described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates is included under various environment the described environment of the expression recorded
The calibration curve of corresponding relation between variable parameter and flow rate；Search module 930 to join for the environment according to subsurface environment
Value determines the calibration curve of correspondence in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates；Variations in temperature ginseng determined by point is measured according to corresponding to each
The value of consult volume of amount determined by calibration curve find each measure the flow rate that point is corresponding.
In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, device also includes fitting module 1010；Receiver module 910 is additionally operable to receive
Warming temperature at the well head flow rate measured and down-hole maximum stream flow speed, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding, receives and measures
Bottom at warming temperature, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding；Determine module 920 be additionally operable to the flow rate according to well head,
Warming temperature at the maximum stream flow speed of down-hole and determining between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter the heat time heating time of correspondence
Corresponding relation；Flow rate at bottom is set as preset value, according to the flow rate at bottom, warming temperature and right
The heat time heating time answered determines corresponding relation between minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter；Fitting module 1010 is for according to maximum
Between flow rate and variations in temperature parameter, between corresponding relation and minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter, corresponding relation simulates
Calibration curve in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates.
Further, it is determined that module 920 is at the environment parameter value according to well head environment and down-hole maximum stream flow speed
The environment parameter value of environment, is converted to maximum stream flow speed by the flow rate of well head.
In one embodiment, when determining the heating that module 920 is additionally operable to warming temperature and the correspondence measuring point according to each
Between determine heating rate distribution curve；Search module 930 to be additionally operable in heating rate distribution curve search heating rate generation
The position of Spline smoothing, the position that will heat up speed generation Spline smoothing is defined as down-hole separating surface.
In one embodiment, variations in temperature parameter can include following at least one: heating rate, warming temperature or intensification are fast
Rate reaches the heating-up time used by set-point.
Said apparatus is corresponding with preceding method, and it illustrates in the method for can be found in it should be noted that do not repeat them here.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above in association with accompanying drawing, but, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned reality
Execute the detail in mode, in the technology concept of the present invention, technical scheme can be carried out multiple letter
Monotropic type, these simple variant belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that each the concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, at not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to various can
The compound mode of energy illustrates the most separately.
Additionally, combination in any can also be carried out between the various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to this
The thought of invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (12)
1. a measuring method for the flow rate of downhole fluid, the method includes:
Receiving the temperature measured by composite cable being placed in down-hole, described composite cable includes optical fiber and hot water radiation wire；
The rate of change of the temperature recorded described in determining, when described rate of change is less than rate of change threshold value, starts power-supply device to institute
State hot water radiation wire in composite cable to be powered, so that described hot water radiation wire heats；
Receive described composite cable and measure, at each, the warming temperature that point records, and record the heat time heating time of correspondence；
The warming temperature measuring point according to each and the corresponding value of consult volume determining default variations in temperature parameter heat time heating time；
The value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by according to finds each in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates and measures the stream that point is corresponding
Amount speed；Described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates includes representing the calibration curve of corresponding relation between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates is included under various environment and records
Represent under described environment the calibration curve of corresponding relation between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate；
The value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by described basis finds each in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates and measures some correspondence
Flow rate include:
Environment parameter value according to subsurface environment determines the calibration curve of correspondence in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates；
According to corresponding to each measure the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by point determined by calibration curve is searched
The flow rate that point is corresponding is measured to each.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Receive the warming temperature at the well head flow rate and down-hole maximum stream flow speed measured, record corresponding heat time heating time,
Receive the warming temperature at the bottom measured, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding；
Warming temperature at flow rate according to well head, down-hole maximum stream flow speed and determine max-flow the heat time heating time of correspondence
Corresponding relation between amount speed and variations in temperature parameter；
Flow rate at bottom is set as preset value, according to the flow rate at bottom, warming temperature and correspondence
Determine corresponding relation between minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter heat time heating time；
According between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter between corresponding relation and minimum discharge speed and variations in temperature parameter right
The calibration curve simulated in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates should be related to.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the described flow rate according to well head, down-hole maximum stream flow
Warming temperature at speed and determine that between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter, corresponding relation includes the heat time heating time of correspondence:
The environment parameter value of environment at environment parameter value according to well head environment and down-hole maximum stream flow speed, by the flow of well head
Speed is converted to maximum stream flow speed.
5. according to the arbitrary described method of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Warming temperature and the corresponding heat time heating time of measuring point according to each determine heating rate distribution curve；
In heating rate distribution curve, search the position of heating rate generation Spline smoothing, will heat up speed generation Spline smoothing
Position be defined as down-hole separating surface.
6. according to the arbitrary described method of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that described variations in temperature parameter includes the most at least
One: heating rate, warming temperature or heating rate reach the heating-up time used by set-point.
7. a measurement apparatus for the flow rate of downhole fluid, this device includes:
Receiver module, for receiving the temperature measured by composite cable being placed in down-hole, described composite cable includes optical fiber and heat
Resistance wire；
Determine module, be used for the rate of change of the temperature recorded described in determining, when described rate of change is less than rate of change threshold value, start
Hot water radiation wire in described composite cable is powered by power-supply device, so that described hot water radiation wire heats；
Described receiver module is additionally operable to receive described composite cable and measures, at each, the warming temperature that point records, and records correspondence
Heat time heating time；
The described heat time heating time determining that module is additionally operable to according to each warming temperature and correspondence measuring point determines default temperature
The value of consult volume of variable parameter；
Search module, in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates, find each for the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by basis and survey
The flow rate that amount point is corresponding；Described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates includes representing corresponding relation between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate
Calibration curve.
Device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described calibration curve collection of illustrative plates is included under various environment and records
Represent under described environment the calibration curve of corresponding relation between variations in temperature parameter and flow rate；
Described lookup module is bent for the demarcation determining correspondence according to the environment parameter value of subsurface environment in calibration curve collection of illustrative plates
Line；According to corresponding to each measure the value of consult volume of variations in temperature parameter determined by point determined by calibration curve finds
Each measures the flow rate that point is corresponding.
Device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that shown device also includes fitting module；
Described receiver module is additionally operable to receive the warming temperature at the well head flow rate measured and down-hole maximum stream flow speed, note
The heat time heating time that record is corresponding, receive the warming temperature at the bottom measured, the heat time heating time that record is corresponding；
Described determine that module is additionally operable to the warming temperature at the flow rate according to well head, down-hole maximum stream flow speed and correspondence
Determine corresponding relation between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter heat time heating time；Flow rate at bottom is set as pre-
If value, according to determining that minimum discharge speed becomes the heat time heating time of the flow rate at bottom, warming temperature and correspondence with temperature
Change corresponding relation between parameter；
Described fitting module for according to corresponding relation between maximum stream flow speed and variations in temperature parameter and minimum discharge speed with
Calibration curve during corresponding relation simulates calibration curve collection of illustrative plates between variations in temperature parameter.
Device the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described determine that module is for the environment according to well head environment
The environment parameter value of environment at value of consult volume and down-hole maximum stream flow speed, is converted to maximum stream flow speed by the flow rate of well head
Rate.
11. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 7 to 10, it is characterised in that described determine that module is additionally operable to according to each
Warming temperature and the corresponding heat time heating time of measuring point determine heating rate distribution curve；
Described lookup module is additionally operable in heating rate distribution curve search the position of heating rate generation Spline smoothing, will rise
The position of temperature speed generation Spline smoothing is defined as down-hole separating surface.
12. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 7 to 10, it is characterised in that described variations in temperature parameter include as down to
Few one: heating rate, warming temperature or heating rate reach the heating-up time used by set-point.
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